World War II

Causes of Pearl Harbor

Isolation Policies

Kellogg-Brand Pact

Signed by Germany, France and the United States on August 27,

1928, and by most other nations.

was a 1928 international agreement in which nations promised not to

use war to resolve disputes or conflicts which may arise among
them"

Neutrality Acts & Embargoes

- Spurred by growth of isolationism
- Were meant to keep U.S from getting involved in Europe

- Acts officially repealed once Lend-Lease and Cash and Carry polices
were put in place

Support of Britian

Atlantic Charter

- defined the Allied goals for the post-war world

- Axis saw this as a threat and the creation of an alliance against
them

Cash & Carry

- allowed the sale of materiel to nations, as long as the nations

arranged for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately
in cash

Support of Britian

Lend & Lease

- President would lend or lease arms and other supplies to any

country whose defense was vital to the United States.
Destroyer for Bases Act
- U.S gave Great Britian 50 battleships in exchange for land
possessions in different territories.

Japanese Aggression

Stimson Doctrine

- Policy passed by U.S in 1932 that declared that any territory

gained by force in Asia would not be recognized

Quarantine Speech

- Speech given by FDR in 1937 that called for a quarantine of

aggressor nations (Japan, Italy, Germany).
- Meant to impose economic punishments on aggressor nations

Bombing of Pearl Harbor

Oil Embargo

- Japans continued expansion in the Pacific forced the U.S to

place embargos on goods and trade with Japan, mainly oil.
- Oil was vital to the Japanese war machine.
- Japan knew that if this embargo was not lifted, it meant war
- Japan in total secret, in late 1941, planned a surprise attack
against the U.S set for the morning of December 7 th, 1941.

Effects of the Bombing of Pearl

Harbor

American Citizen Reaction

Galvanization of U.S. public support for entering World War II

Galvanization to spur on awareness or action

Citizen Soldiers every citizen needs to do their part

Fireside Chats series of informal conversations given by FDR

over the radio starting in 1933 - 1944

Meanwhile

Martial Law in Hawaii!!!

When the highest ranking officer of the military take control over
a country or region.

Used to keep control over the public

Japanese-American Interment
Executive Order 9066 order signed by FDR in 1942 that
designated certain areas as military zones

Property Loss

Evacuee Relocation (Manzanar, Honouliuli, Sand Island)

Korematsu v. United States (1944)

1.

a landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the

constitutionality of Executive Order 9066

2.

Ruling was that exclusion order was constitutional

3.

the need to protect against espionage outweighed Fred

Korematsu's individual rights

Domestic Policies During the War

War Production Board

Mobilization of U.S. economy and industry

for war

Rationing

Working Women

Changing Roles In Society (Rosie the

Riveter) (Image of woman working male jobs
becomes more common)

First professional womens baseball team

during WWII

Minority Recruitment

Tuskegee Airman (African-Americans) - a group of AfricanAmerican military pilots (fighter and bomber) who fought in
World War II

Navajo Code Talkers (Native Americans) team of Native

American code talkers. Language was so different it made
breaking their code almost impossible.

442nd Regiment (Japanese-Americans) - a fighting unit

composed almost entirely of American soldiers of Japanese
ancestry

Soldiers

Selective Service System agency that holds information on

those potentially subject to military conscription

GI Bill of Rights law that provided many benefits for soldiers

including low-cost mortgages, low-interest loans, and payments
to help with college tuition