Human Reproductive

System Review

Mrs. Degl

Male Reproductive
System

Mrs. Degl

Sperm Formation

MEIOSIS forms sperm in gametes

Sperm forms in testes
Scrotum keeps cooler than rest
Semen is sperm plus protecting fluid
Semen leaves testes through the vas
deferens (sperm ducts) to the
urethra before it exits.

Mrs. Degl

Secondary Sexual
Characteristics - Male
Produced by testosterone
Deeper voice
Chest and facial hair
Lengthen bones
Increased size of testes for
sperm production
Mrs. Degl

Female Reproductive
System

Mrs. Degl

Ovum Formation
MEIOSIS forms the eggs (ova)
Eggs are formed before birth
1 egg per month is matured and
released from ovaries, most of
the time
Eggs travel through the
fallopian tube where they may
become fertilized
Mrs. Degl

Secondary Sexual
Characteristics - Female
Induced by increased LH, FSH,
estrogen, and progesterone
hormone levels
Pubic hair
Widen pelvis
Enlarge mammary tissue
(breasts)
Begin menstrual cycles
Mrs. Degl

Fertilization

Occurs in upper 1/3 of Fallopian tube

Only 1 sperm can fertilize an egg
Fertilized egg = zygote
An average woman is pregnant
(gestational period) for 9 whole
months. That is 40 weeks. Babies
can survive if they are born earlier,
but they may have complications due
to being premature.
Mrs. Degl

Implantation
Fertilized eggs are implanted into
thick walls of uterus
Chorion membranes dig into uterus to
form placenta
Zygote grows into an embryo
Embryo gets air and nutrients
through the umbilical cord
Once pregnant, progesterone levels
stay high in mom
Moms uterus grows with the baby
Mrs. Degl

1st Trimester =
1st 12 weeks
Heart develops first
Neural tube develops
All body systems appear by
Week 8 Now a Fetus

Mrs. Degl

2nd Trimester =
up to 24 weeks
Most growth
Looks more like a baby
Some preemies survive at this
stage

Mrs. Degl

3rd Trimester
= Up to 40 weeks

More growth
Kicking, rolling, stretching
Eyes open Week 32
Lungs mature
Rotates to head-down
position, unless baby is
breech
Mrs. Degl

Birth
Labor
Uterine contractions begin
Cervix dilates to 10 cm.
Birth
Uterus pushes baby through vaginal
canal
Placenta delivered after baby
Cesarean Section (c-section) is a surgery
that cuts through the uterus to deliver
the baby if it cannot be born vaginally
Mrs. Degl