MASTER DE INVESTIGACIO EN PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL Curs 2008-2009 Médul 3c 'ANALISI DEL DISCURS' Prof. Lupicinio ffiguez LECTURES Social Lectura M3c.19 Parker. fan (1992) Cap. 1: Discovering Discourses, Tackling Text (pp.3-22) Research an Reading” (pp.122-143) Lectura M3e.20 Parker. lan (1996 Lectura M3¢.21 & Parker, Lan (Eds.) (1993) st Discoursive Imperialism, Empir with Discourse Analysis (pp.155-172) sm and Constrctionismo: Thisthy-two Problems Lectura M3¢.22 Martin Rojo, Luisa (2001) Lectura M3e.23 Wetherell, Margaret (2001)New Developments in Discourse Analysis: course as Social Practice Luisa Martin Rojo Abstract This paper presents a reflection on current approaches to discourse. As a starting point, | consider the emergence and transformation of this field, as a result of and also as a contribution fo two consecutive and linked movements in ‘western thinking: the “linguistic tr’, and ‘social reflexivity’. Among their implications, { study the emergence of a three-dimensional concept of dis- course, shared by current trends in DA, in particular, by Ethnomethodological Conversation Analysis, Sociolinguistic Ethnography and Interactional Socto- linguistics, Discursive Social Psychology, and Critical Discourse Analysis. For all these trends, this new complex view of discourse always encompasses the conceptvalisation of discourse as a social practice. However, some differences. ‘can be detected among them; these are related to: i) the context they consider relevant for the analysis; ii) the kind of relations they claim between the discursive practices and other social practices, and iii), fmally, the role they attribute to discourse in the production of knowledge and in the exercise of power. Atthe end of the paper, consider how, in critical discourse analyses (CDA, including CL), the view of discourse as social practice has led to a redefinition of the analytical task, deliberately turning the analysis itself into a social practice, As a result of this, the analysis has two aims: to explore the social effects of discourses, in the performance but also in the representation of social practices; and to intervene in the present socio-discursive order — that is to intervene in the production, circulation, and reception of discourses. J present this both as reiated to the reflexive turn, and also to the positions adopted in the debates previously analysed. Folia Linguistica XXXV/1-2 0165-4004/01/35-41 $2. i1. Introduction “This paper refets pon sure devebpret | consider most igh in the core pps to Gacouee The secon nee o the dole of Parealaconept, object, theoreti tol, and fciqus; the on he Energene of patel acre fation on te noon of cue, and onthe ring of several heer! potens and sion chs Fl. As Feats concep of “conditions of poss her shy thereat br ‘ween ‘ntitton,eoomome an sal pracses ted tearowal pat, enable partclr objet of sy t appear a aven tinea place, and 10 situate and define it in relation to other abjects.' His, precisely, these relations which are the Rca ofthe prper haw diacoure could eee a te bet of 2 fied of knowing, and the be of Goud ho win ese diseusive formations, several rel abets and thr aon ue shaped. Inthis pape I coider the emergence and teateoration ofthe eld of Diseure Anyi, se, bt lo sa conan 1 tw coneeelve and inked movements in Western king ring the lt decades of the XX entry the Tngisie un’ (understood a the astral of dscoosc and language atthe min and determinant referent ofthe wele rer, repe- senate, ad eognieFe; an tere presettons of Tener? Ts bow how both phenonent hive peda signi ene development of paral views on dscoume, inch sol! paces an shee ts ery ed ‘on sprac like slows fo dsrbe ad expan he on changes in is Feld However, hi to ions nm for n esoy He ts, am going acs on he repre fx pare come ice, discourse a social preie. Hosen th arta view is red by i ferent ne approche. nth lat pat of his paper Toc mainly on one th tore ively and controversial cnet rend, Cel Discus Ana, The reson fori choice fe inthe portance ofthe reflex tee, sven thal he view af cour a cal practice his ivabed a edwin fe aaljical tk live tase ane lio soll proce “This aly nhs paper eet pets of gui aa and reexvty (secon 2} nde oth phenomena he eon ued Ye teergnce of ew conceptions of true (resection 3) rsetion 4 amin the diferent caret rend at eh is view on cows, showy ‘Sie wn Sere Ad oy nso oon new view of dscouse undevisaadexpais some ofthe vet important fears of current research, In atic, the concerm abou he socal snd policalconseqonces of discourse wai ad increasing vere af {nals in some kind dlcurveervenion by meng of the Seciopmen of an ‘interventional’ social and poltical analysis. - 2 The emergence and transformation ofthe fleld “The “Tingyistic turn’ seme tochave been tthe same time, part md condition of the emergence of the new and interdiciplinay Meld of discourse analysis, bs ‘thi sense, the same epistemological steps which have contributed to place language ax the main and determinant referent of the whole mental, represen: tative, and cognitive fields, have contributed to make possible the study of iacouree, Among these contibutions, thete sre two which stand out: the {ejection of the view of language asa “mirror of mina’, and the correlative view of mind a ‘mirror of nature (reality, which accurately reflects the relations in the objective world, and in which concepts are merely considered internal feflections of external realities. Only by rejecting the idea that ‘speaking is ering ideas’ prononcer des tées) can tanguage be understond 28 3 system and asa structore of representation, which has ts own units, whose meaning is ‘exablished by their apposition inside this structure and not by the relationships ‘with 2 non-Hnguisie reatty* “The rejection ofthe view of language as a miror of nature opens modem thinking (tis considered by Foucault: “lesen dc classcsine @ la moder 1966; 315), and necessarily entits the involvement and consideration of the speaker sd hechis point of view? The view of discourse as medinted cept: ‘entation cannot be separated fom the study of subjectivity: the agent of the representation becomes part ofthe pcture® And its, precisely, by means of the reflection onthe interdependence between things a representations (scours ‘hat the relations between dacourye and the production of knowledge arse. and the final consequences ofthis incorporation ofthe subject ino discourse re raven (Feucalt, 1969; se, alzo Martin Rojo & Gabitondo Pujol, 2002) ‘A second finding which plays key role in Linguistic tum’, and atthe same time in the formation of DA field, is the fact that the interest in language ‘beeames mainly focused on the intersection between saying (or signifying) and doing, offering a nove} conception of praxis.” In this sense, the game met phar’, which shapes Witgenstin’ new conceptalsaton of language an of is Tole in human lie, expresies and leads to the understanding of language and its hay band Sore kin ude il you? 3 wy sa) Srimey > Ct hae sme oo ‘Tice Tee Ney Tacha (eh ney Van > CIN wat me to a stane: Tet to UE stene Ko, 2 (or 8 Shane: Ladies ns, Schell ana of this cxchange ewes a: (fe element ht mck tesa of ew eqorce hs yin 2h (ibd Wea peeing Shane a (i fe shit oars the but, ot mance: how Shane's equ precede ‘drt by Michal, at: how they eco delves ed eit epee ‘colar xeric. Inline Gand we seh while Shane's ew en ” stoned, Nancy snd Vivien prod Weir request, Shane expanse 28 tonic ‘sn (ine 1 ant 1) Roles ve banged bee, ed they oma the eqns and eit he rear repo, nde rqeet jen Lie 13 shows in Scag vosd, ‘a tem geo content Shane “vith eorpeting Pops af ce, ne ned Sn arr lopesconcrng ord of eric: on the are hand come, aca ther hadLadies fi) Ladle ea reformlton a We ale mich he ‘al shrving. a refrrtion wich weal bein pecond with te cure of als he ‘os nl le en ct of Sa, 197 1. Ic {king ganar ne cect nthe ane ratios breaae Shane teen Wipes ‘am onertmon on hi part to gener denies, Th, he nim i preview ted ical vedeing of exchanges, easing veri of what eine ot ‘op, othe thant However ender cate! exchanges in ged ply hrongh strapon snd oveoping lk, wen epee: 9 ee 16 ‘hem derby Seeplll 5 e portion of analy von, {tarat Nie 1S Mig: Right (oy (02) what do you ink aa? 17 en ne te Me ne 120 131 re 1B x Pal Soc you scaly wert fo ab wey por of as you coud gt in = sree tar Pine N48 Aan: cde go fo iis utwo 130 Pa. We hoppen? SL Aree: Wall yeah (9 mots ch hoo lt (Cis 12 he ee) ts Westend) keep your pecs up at 5 gore oy [5 Jae jot hat 134 Pi (ose) BO 156 Pau With ny of them [yo el 157 row get hed ery (ami) al tho hey be ie ol on? Pe: He ir know whe af them vor a YM Ie ght ty tings wee te ther hat new at wll tht hve gonna be oa Put Mee ‘aro’ Erm (02 ni youre geting ial og i "98 (02) wasn (0.4 Aron care op wih the pase jw wt say () waa ag Ks ‘avon Fareed at rg Pastas andi wae tal gine ‘eters says fees on he "mali sad poten Icons sje positions smc ae lay nti sacha couse for Ano bef nk Teh on he pal, ‘ving pve month on te moa lw ground onze scale pay with {young women who fect » bof reg, no ltentonally log fr i odie {pene an'o on inde hs dosnt aut the fsaneen comple dtc nthe inerien Then OF eration try rue ad “toabies hss poston. "At we hve sen one Toulon fa on toner ferraon wich in um ented lotic meson of hm eran han actors ra taper Insc fe emets ened aoion,te ‘ae treads nd Amon pte’ poston eran vale ci oe eter conet and coreton mata up ten comeraise nos te aok fom conmen tom ele" ee 13884) owese my ew tt ath sap et tins cade mp, sastem mcrae dn Weel is na bv tn capes ‘artsy ad i Hg woes patcpan re ser They te eseton tth him fm etn nd Seo paar natch nomen os 2 rexi bc, rt fo men pene Seed Seusesracps ou Be Sea ses f ot wit xpress: ore an ao de, go, {sing in nape ste oufcronn, Than ee Pesoes oes ‘seit ald ein Bt atte ape ioalenon of he core cn fil mc of reaches ed pene enhip, Ts ean Sor ‘ohne api le eet. ‘Ths poceaic ended nse wy dt sl eget m 2 Noted prea plaeswtch corinne aga ae eed sedis, legal hich mln ort me i of eg. is epee te nario my one snge spade Ge 1992; 232-238). —— “ 10 toast) wards thus etwoes he eile Fagan of corte tnd the atogweny-lbal puna sce fie, tae Be mice ground of The soma tiie” (1999: 173) 20 ‘Thiskouledge cosines what ides cle “mat noes, omen seniey cle of "haw to gon” or of Me, shee by ay afoe and socal tern he nectstycondion of ging aces to ali descrip of ssa aly (Gite, 1984173). 21. Than my ea sanyo th conettonl dynamic in enchags icon sere ofaingents gon tn pkers who do belong that up (194). ated Mw ‘he presence of specie valas among jn speakers explain some fears of those ‘nleretios ie he aerate of cil Caan ado te poser i car! been ‘he pie od delngen te soty of group bonds an hemes OF HANS ‘tose who re omit he rep. The lta ere converts seem orp he ‘ow tt tbe dynam proce of conection fs thera ef the terion of for {fat factors. power lacus, ssa tance sd socal spare 8 el the tain ith which speakers approvch every communis sat Sex the xamle ‘om Hain Reo (198, 1 Rnd Bre nconsng te changes whch have ceed in he ingen! war whee ‘owes reo lnger amy pect prea in he work > ee fe edo “erat, no? ean rd th cont AS sine compres 040846, Fer Dyan andesond mt? Ti = anes um tps ib, “arab wn Gao, wR bir Hs cans. apo ‘ree cca (ome Red of Burglar woud lok one The fo, ih? Med hes ‘et ola he pedis edo a gh es antes sn ls maj? ‘The packs re the mares sare}? Bros marmot coxa ox arena, con ws (7) = The mats Helcl tem, the marae with po a) De mom urn to pre? ites sd rane conaba,y nia adel, ae ees, compes ‘mite mode, gata “mueller "ple os su evo fale "yao perl che 1.¢) "domingo perl main, 4 Tp 30 Tas 4 de Ie math leis co sus Bees Neste cre y sola carr el que ve queda om call he per sai lca do ae, pat todo geo, psa a "some ot aba, sila, aga ye abut thor y2 9. fiers si Heth ihn and he ok the moe tte hon hp. ‘et the same pdt a te fst oes end ut Beck these oe ed ao Sumit nd Suny ornate fete orn. =P ses. ‘et per wp the lca lore gm The py ho stad i a a oo patckack on el dhe work, proper al ooo ie hima aurea (nd the ter gy wal pe, eigen Bese a fae en.‘Through he nerectos, sme changes tke pla: distance been pthers widens arrows. iseres of pes ae mad or sl ereiard ater we aed. Sich ‘honges ae rete tn speech by the wae oe of tren reourcne a come “ation! paces (och asthe contraction ad nterpeaon of tering. he pen. ‘shin ofa pubic eimage, ad the naragenet of information, the eupesion ‘eationship of power ond elie he management of convertion pty Hower ‘shen Taraaed there comes | id oot py enouph ation to Sci reqreset tion — ofthe whole sce etd of te ra a The grog, sic ape “did wot analy ystems to whl exen thew desares ‘eprabce or chafenge tose domi ad leprinied Saree ich condemn Be jargon spear socal group and het ay fe nd lk I pte of fe | sendy ‘nero arn a encton agin he devesig ction of keitinind Scare ‘nd exprsslterative vals: fonang om ssi! hott, emng the socal inequthty wn dination thine eps compare aly ce da, ‘ersing he difreoce whi elt npn Btwn he wor ed hy wards te priveners. 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