Ava Barnes

Humanities chapter 6 study guide

John Paul Jones
Who- He was a naval captain in the revolutionary war.
What- John Paul Jones fought one of the greatest battles in the revolutionary war.
He fought with the British vessel Serapis. He spoke the famous works when asked if
he was going to surrender I have not yet begun to fight. He won the battle.
Where- Off the shore of Yorkshire
When- On September 3, 1779
Why significant- It was the high point of his career and it gave the patriots moral.
It also showed the British of the effect of the patriot army.
The "Swamp Fox"
Who- Francis Marion
What- He and his men were notorious for attacking them then vanishing back into the swamps
Where- out of the swamps is eastern South Carolina
When- During the revolutionary war.
Why significant- This is significant because Marion played a major role in independence. Many
British officers became obsessed with finding him. He changed the battle tactics (hit and run) for the
war.
Newburgh Conspiracy
Who- Continental army officers, George Washington
What- The officers thought they deserved pay for fighting and when it didnt come they wrote a letter
to congress saying that they were going to use force. George Washington pleaded with his troops
and got congress to give them pay.
When- 1783
Where- Newburgh New York
Why significant- It was significant because George Washington used his leadership skills to keep
the nation together.

Battle of Yorktown
Who- George Washington and Comte De Rochambeau
What- Lafayette had General Cornwallis trapped in Yorktown and Washington and Rochambeaus
soldiers came down to help Lafayette defeat Cornwallis. The French fleet was also meeting down
there. They blocked off Clintons help for Cornwallis in hope to defeat the British. The French fleet
made the British ships helpless. Alexander Hamilton lead the attach which was successful.
When- 1780
Where- Yorktown, Virginia
Why significant- Yorktown was significant because the Washington, Rochambeau, and the French
fleet combined to get 14,000 troops against Cornwalliss 8,000. It was a major victory by combining
forces.
Nathaniel Greene
Who- He became the general of the continental forces after replacing Gate.
What- He split his army in two, on side when to Cowpens, South Carolina and defeated the British
there while the second half joined Marion. He later combined his forces and made the British defeat
in North Carolina. They retreated to Virginia.
When- 1780-1782
Where- North Carolina
Why significant- The British sustained many losses before retreating. Nathanial Greene made a
large dent in their forces. That eventually led to their defeat.
Treaty of Paris
Who- Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay
What- it was a treaty to signify the independence of America from Britain.
When- 1782
Where- It was singed in Great Britain at a hotel
Why significant- It showed Britain that America was its own country. The British promised to
withdraw all their troops from America as well.

Friedrich von Steuben

Who- He had been an officer in the Prussian army
What- He helped train the troops of Washingtons army into a better force
When- 1778
Where- Valley Forge
Why significant- He was significant because he helped Washington train his troops so that they
could win the war.
Battle of Saratoga
Who- General Burgoyne
What- The General needed supplies for his army but got defeated by the green mountain boys. He
then retreated back to Saratoga where he was cornered and defeated.
When- 1777
Where- Saratoga, New York
Why significant- The continental army won a huge victory that changed the course of the war.
General Burgoyne surrendered.
General Cornwallis
Who- General Cornwallis
What- After Clinton succeeded in taking over Savannah Georgia he then moved to Camden, South
Carolina where the Patriots took their worst blow with Clinton taking thousands of prisoners. After the
victory he returned to New York and left it to General Charles Cornwallis. Cornwallis soon found out
he couldnt control that area. Cornwallis met with Nathaniel Greens troops and had a brutal fight.
Though the British won, they had terrible losses to their army. He realized he had to act quickly to
win the war. He marched north to Virginia and carried out raids throughout the region. Washington
was sending Lafayette and General Anthony Wayne to push him south. Cornwallis took shelter in
Yorktown, Virginia. He was beginning to loose hold of the south. It resulted in the Battle of Yorktown
with his surrender in 1781.
When- 1780-1781
Where- Camden, South Carolina

Why significant- General Cornwallis was significant because he was the key player in the fight
against the Patriots. He fought hard but with all his other backups and allies helpless and the Patriots
surrounding him, he gave one last push but failed. It was the final MAJOR conflict of the war.