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  • DNA Structure

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    Genes control all aspects of life like physiology, biochemistry, morphology, behavior, and developmental patterns. Chromosomes are made of DNA and protein and determine ploidy levels - most eukaryotic cells have two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, making them diploid, while sex cells have a single set and are haploid. DNA consists of nucleotides that combine into two polymer strands linked by base pairing according to specific rules and forming each chromosome, which contains two DNA strands linked by hydrogen bonds between nucleotides.

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    Biology

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    Genes control all aspects of life like physiology, biochemistry, morphology, behavior, and developmental patterns. Chromosomes are made of DNA and protein and determine ploidy levels - most eukaryotic cells have two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, making them diploid, while sex cells have a single set and are haploid. DNA consists of nucleotides that combine into two polymer strands linked by base pairing according to specific rules and forming each chromosome, which contains two DNA strands linked by hydrogen bonds between nucleotides.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    8 views12 pages

    DNA Structure

    Uploaded by

    Redcab
    Genes control all aspects of life like physiology, biochemistry, morphology, behavior, and developmental patterns. Chromosomes are made of DNA and protein and determine ploidy levels - most eukaryotic cells have two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, making them diploid, while sex cells have a single set and are haploid. DNA consists of nucleotides that combine into two polymer strands linked by base pairing according to specific rules and forming each chromosome, which contains two DNA strands linked by hydrogen bonds between nucleotides.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 12

    Genetic Information

    Genes control all aspects


    of life

    Physiology
    Biochemistry
    Morphology
    Behaviour
    Developmental
    patterns

    Chromosomes are made of DNA and


    protein

    Chromosome structure

    Ploidy - chromosomes
    Most eukaryotic cells have two sets of
    chromosomes
    Each set originates from either parent

    Body cells (somatic) are therefore termed


    diploid
    Sex cells have ONE set of chromosomes and
    are called haploid

    Chromosome Number

    Nucleotides building blocks of DNA

    There are 4 types of nucleotide


    monomers

    Purines & Pyrimidines (nucleotides)

    DNA consists of TWO polymers

    Base pairing rules

    Chromosome fine structure


    Each chromosome consists of 2 DNA strands
    or molecules
    Each nucleotide is linked to its neighbour via a
    phosphodiester linkage
    The two strands are linked through hydrogen
    bonds

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