Chanelle Boateng

Annotated Bibliography Draft

UWRT 1102
Ms. Ingram
SOURCE

ANNOTATION

THOUGHTS/CONNECTIONS

Sedlak, Carol A.,

Margaret O. Dohenny,
Nancy Panthofer, and
Ella Anaya. "Critical
Thinking in Students'
Service-Learning
Experiences."
Http://www.jstor.orgCRI
TICAL THINKING
STUDENTS' IN SERVICE
LEARNING EXPERIENCES
(2012): n. pag. Print.

Civic engagement/volunteering is very effective.

Students who participate in civic engagement learn
more academic content through academic praxis
(application of theoretical concepts to action),
students shift from being knowledge receivers to idea
creators. Abstract concepts come into relief against
the background of situation and context as students
consider, apply, test, assess, and reevaluate multiple
disciplinary approaches to solving an array of human,
mechanical, and environmental challenges. Its been
proven that when students volunteer, their grades
and social lives improve. There are better job
opportunities and anyone ranging from teachers to
employers always look at what youve done in the
community.

Grimm, Jr, Robert, and

Kimberly Kimberly
Spring, "The Health
Benefits of
Volunteering." Web. 12
Feb. 2015.
Http://www.nationalserv
ice.gov/pdf/07_0506_hbr
.pdf. A Review of Recent
Research, Washington,
DC 2007.

A study of adults age 65 and older found that the

positive effect of volunteering on physical and
mental health is due to the personal sense of
accomplishment that an individual gains from his
or her volunteer activities. Volunteering can provide
a sense of purpose, as found in a study of older
adults; according to this study, formal volunteering
moderated the loss of a sense of purpose among
older adults who had experienced the loss of major
role identities, such as wage-earner and parent.
Recent studies on the relationship between health
and volunteering demonstrate that the benefits of
volunteering are not limited to the recipients of the
volunteer services. In fact, these studies show the
benefits derived from serving. Those who give
support through volunteering experience greater
health benefits than those who receive support
through these activities.

While reading this text, it

brought up another question
which was should volunteering
be required for students since
there are many studies that
have shown how volunteering
as a youth may help you.
Forming good habits when
youre young will help you in the
future. Once the youth know
that volunteering can change
ones life, there will be more
volunteers in the future to help
society as a whole thrive. Our
parents are counting on us to
look after them once they
become elderly so its important
for us form good helping habits
now and hope for a better life.
Im connecting this to my first
source because it shows the
benefits from being a youth to
the time you become elderly.
Making good decisions as a
youth helps you when you
become older. Volunteering
affects health and those who
gave social support to others
had lower rates of mortality
than those who did not, even
when controlling for
socioeconomic status,
education, marital status, age,
gender, and ethnicity.

Chanelle Boateng
Annotated Bibliography Draft
UWRT 1102
Ms. Ingram
"Six Reasons Why Youll
Never Volunteer Again."
Realized Worth. N.p., n.d.
Web. 13 Feb. 2015.
<http://www.realizedwor
th.com/2009/03/sixreasons-why-youll-nevervolunteer.html>.

"7 Things No One Tells

You About Being
Homeless." Cracked.com.
N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Feb.
2015.
<http://www.cracked.co
m/article_20720_7things-no-one-tells-youabout-beinghomeless.html>.

Its important to consider what you want to get out of

volunteering. Most people volunteer because they
want to make a difference but there are many other
things that people want to do. Getting out of the
house and meeting people could be one. Networking,
sharpening your professional skills and learning new
skills are also others. Its important to decide what
you really want to do so that you can have the best
outcomes and benefits. In order to benefit greatly,
you have to have an open mind and know that you
cannot always reach your goals during certain
volunteer activities. Non-profits are focused on
agency goals not yours. Yes, most people volunteer
because they want to make a difference, butmost
non-profits are structured to utilize volunteers so that
they (the org) can make a difference. These two
objectives are often at odds and can consequently
create hard feelings. On the other hand, you may be
able to find a task that not only suits you, but
achieves some goals you have around learning new
skills.
Shelters have really strict rules and schedules, which
makes perfect sense: They have to maintain
organization, and their frustratingly limited resources
means that it's really easy for food to get misplaced
or people to be taken advantage of. The people who
work there are doing amazing things with very little
to work with ... but it also means that it can be nearly
impossible for the people staying there to, for
example, find a job.
Many shelters are so overcrowded that people
staying there have to arrive at 4:30 in the afternoon
to even have a chance of getting a bed that night,
which means cutting out of work early, which means
risking losing your job, which exacerbates the
problem you're trying to escape. There's also
evidence that the stress of living in a homeless shelter
makes you more prone to violence than living on the
street.

It was interesting reading this

article as it made a lot make
sense to me. A lot of people do
not take the time out to
research places where they
really want to volunteer and
then end up having bad
experiences because they didnt
take the time out to find out
about these volunteering
organizations. Its good to know
that many organizations are
structured so that as a
volunteer, you know what type
of setting you will benefit from
the most.

This is linked to the previous

notes about how structured
many places can end up being
which can frustrate the
volunteer and also frustrates
the less fortunate. The less
fortunate really appreciate the
volunteers that come out to
these structured places just
because it makes them feel
better that others are out there
to help them despite of the
rules. Many individuals are
unaware that a large number of
homeless people do not enjoy
going to shelters and its the
volunteers that make them feel
better.

Chanelle Boateng
Annotated Bibliography Draft
UWRT 1102
Ms. Ingram
Van Willigen, Marieke.
"Differential Benefits of
Volunteering Across the
Life Course." (2000): 1.
Psychogerentology. 28
Apr. 2000. Web. 25 Feb.
2015.
<http://psychsocgerontol
ogy.oxfordjournals.org/c
ontent/55/5/S308.short?
rss=1&ssource=mfc>.

Eisner, David, Robert T.

Grimm, Jr, Shannon
Maynard, and Susannah
Washburn. "The New
Volunteer Workforce
(SSIR)." The New
Volunteer Workforce.
Hop Studios, 2009. Web.
19 Feb. 2015.
<http://www.ssireview.o
rg/articles/entry/the_ne
w_volunteer_workforce>
.

Older volunteers experienced greater increases in life

satisfaction over time as a result of their volunteer
hours than did younger adult volunteers, especially at
high rates of volunteering. Older adults experienced
greater positive changes in their perceived health
than did younger adult volunteers. The type of
volunteer work in which older and younger adults
engage may be part of the reason for these
differential effects. But the context in which older
and younger adults volunteer and the meaning of
their voluntarism are more likely explanations.
Researchers should take into account volunteer
commitment when studying volunteering's effect on
well-being, not simply volunteer role.
Volunteers can help nonprofits save money by
providing technology services, developing programs,
training staff, and conducting strategic planning, all
without being paid a salary. Volunteers can also ease
financial pressures by helping nonprofits raise money.
Volunteers are effective fundraisers because their
personal commitment to the organizations mission
makes them convincing advocates for the cause. In
addition, volunteers are likely to donate to the
organization at which they serve. Despite these
benefits, few nonprofits use wide-scale volunteer
mobilization as a principal funding strategy.
And its not just money thats tight. The nonprofit
sector is also facing a leadership crisis. Research has
found that nonprofits can expect to lose more than
50 percent of their current leadership by 2010.
Nonprofits also face high turnover rates among midlevel and entry-level professional staff.A 2007 study
by the Young Nonprofit Professionals Network found
that 45 percent of nonprofit workers predict that
their next job will not be at a nonprofit. These young
staffers cited burnout among the top reasons for
leaving.

I learned that the type of

volunteering a person does is
actually really important and I
didnt really put an emphasis on
that or think it was as important
as my other factors. It was
interesting realizing that a lot of
research does not really focus
on the type of volunteer work
and commitment people have
when giving up their time to
volunteer.

I decided to dig a little deeper

and look more into non-profit
organizations since these are
were most individuals/groups
volunteer. I learned that money
is a huge factor which makes
sense because without the right
funds, these organizations
would not be able to make an
impact on the less fortunate. It
was clear to me that volunteers
are actually needed for so much
more and if they actually do a
lot of research, they will find
that non-profit organizations
are looking for people who are
skilled and patient but not many
people want to help because of
how stressful it is and the fact
that they dont even get paid for
it.

Chanelle Boateng
Annotated Bibliography Draft
UWRT 1102
Ms. Ingram
Smith, Steven R.
"VOLUNTEERING AND
COMMUNITY SERVICE."
Scholarship.law.duke.edu
. N.p., 6 Apr. 2000. Web.
16 Feb. 2015.
<http%3A%2F%2Fscholar
ship.law.duke.edu%2Fcgi
%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Fa
rticle%3D1151%26contex
t%3Dlcp>

The type of volunteering is likely to make a big

difference in the effects on mental health and the
effects of volunteering might be modified by a
persons life-cycle stage: Older people, for example,
are more likely to achieve health benefits from
volunteering than are young people.
Women with volunteer experience have significantly
higher occupational prestige than women without
this experience, and the more volunteer experience,
the higher the occupational prestige.

"Volunteering Has
Changed My Life
Completely. | Blog."
Volunteer Ireland. N.p.,
n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2015.
<http://www.volunteer.i
e/blog/volunteering-haschanged-my-lifecompletely>.

Not only is volunteering rewarding but It is THE best

way to build your resume. Volunteering is the one
thing that can make one stand out from the rest.
There are hundreds or even thousands of people
from your school who are going to be graduating at
generally the same time as you, with generally the
same grades, and applying for generally the same
jobs. An employer may advertise a position and have
200 people applying for the same job and have 200
resumes that are almost exactly the same and may
overlook you just because you seem like the rest of
the applicants. Whats going to make you stand out,
why should they pick you over everyone else?
Whilst at college/university you have an endless list
of competitions, volunteering roles, extra-curricular
activities, fundraising campaigns, awareness
campaigns - the list is endless. Volunteering is one of
the most rewarding things you can do in your life and
you will find that the more you put into the
experience, the more youll get out of it.

This is connected to a few other

annotations because there is an
emphasis on how the type of
volunteering can make a huge
difference and I never really
thought about that as much.
Although it says that older
people are more likely to
receive health benefits, its still
very relevant to the youth
because a lot of habits are
formed during that time which
will determine whether they
carry it on or not. There is also
still a difference in wages when
it comes to males and females
and it was interesting learning
that women can go further with
more volunteer experience.
School in general is so much
more than just earning great
grades and graduating. Many
employers and people in charge
of any type of admissions
process always look at what
makes an individual stand out
from the rest. Volunteering is a
great way to show what youve
experienced and what you are
capable of. All the skills that are
gained from volunteering in the
previous notes all help when it
comes to applying to certain
jobs and what specific skills
employers look for. Many of the
skills that are gained are gained
from volunteering at a variety of
places.

Chanelle Boateng
Annotated Bibliography Draft
UWRT 1102
Ms. Ingram
"Anger Motivates
Volunteers as Much as
Sympathy." ScienceDaily.
ScienceDaily, 6 May
2014. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
<http://www.sciencedail
y.com/releases/2014/05/
140506204042.htm>.

Anger can be just as effective at motivating people to

volunteer as sympathy. Although there are many
reasons why individuals help, empathy is prominent.
Empathy occurs when an individual has a similar
response to a suffering person and this is usually
sadness. Empathic sadness motivates a person to
help in order to alleviate the other person's suffering
and to alleviate one's own discomfort, one of the
authors said. This research adds a new dimension to
motives for volunteering. Empathic anger is probably
a more extreme or intense motive than others that
have been described or studied in the previous
research on volunteering and prosocial behavior."

I found this interesting because

this goes more into what
motivates people to volunteer
to gain the benefits I have
mentioned. People can use this
kind of anger for good and make
a huge difference. Having
empathic anger gives a person
more of a drive and more
enthusiastic to get into the
community and make a
difference.

Volunteerism,2011.
S.l.: S.n., 2012. Web.

Voluntary work may hold the key to happiness in the

community, new research suggests today. Experts
surveyed 101 randomly-selected district authorities,
and across a range of volunteer projects, and found
that those areas with the best quality of life had high
levels of informal voluntary activity. People living in
areas where many citizens gave up their time for
others enjoyed better health, suffered less crime, and
claimed to be "very satisfied" with their lives.
Students from these communities also achieved
higher standardized test grades. Volunteering clearly
has benefits for citizens, families and communities.
That is why the government is developing and
strengthening our partnership with the voluntary
sector, especially in order to reach out to our most
deprived communities. According to studies of
AmeriCorps in 20089,service sector could increase
peoples capacities to lead a more cohesive
community. This report is the culmination of an eight
year rigorous study to investigate if and how
AmeriCorps has an impact on volunteers as well as
voluntary service recipients, which was achieved by
questionnaires and surveys on comparing the postservice habits and attitudes of alumni with those of
others who did not serve in the program.

There have also been a lot of

instances where the
government pushes for more
volunteerism amongst the
nation. This is being done
because studies have shown
that there is less crime in certain
communities when people are
using their time wisely by doing
good for the community. This is
connected to all the previous
notes since having a clearer
mind, having better health and
gaining more knowledge are all
results of caring about society.