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    437 views22 pages

    World History Review Guide

    Uploaded by

    api-240737404

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 22
    STUDY GUIDE WORLD HISTORY: 1500 to the Present STANDARD WHIL2 -- 1500A.D. STANDARD WHII.2a~1500A.0. Major tates and Empires Poitical cultural geographie and economic condensin the world sbout 1500 8.9. Locate major states and empires 1 1500.6, mojorsttes ond empires had developed in vorous regions ofthe wore (ON THE WORLD POLITICAL MAP, WHERE WERE SOME OF THE MAJOR STATES AND EMPIRES LOCATED AROUND 1500.40? Location of some of the major states and empires inthe Eastern Hemisphere + England + rence + Spain + Russia + otiomas empire + Mughalnd + Songhsigmaire Location of mar stats a + tncan Empire lemplees inthe Western + Astec Empire STANDARD WHIL2b - The Rer ‘Artist, trary, and intelectual ideas of the Renaisince ew intleauol ond artistes thot developed during the Rena'ssonce marked the begining ofthe maser ware WHAT WERE THE ARTISTIC, LITERARY, AND INTELLECTUAL DEAS OF THE RENAISSANCE? + "Robie of clasica knowl ‘the modern world , "bn of 1 Spread of the Renasance tom the Halon city states to northern Europe Contributions ofthe Rensissance + Accomplishments inthe visu arts ‘Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vines ‘+ Accomplishments in trature (sonnets, pays, essays Shakespeare ‘+ Accomplishments in intelectual ides (humanism) Erasmus [STANDARD WHII.2¢ - Major Religions Distrbutlon of major religions 8y 1500, the five wold religions hod spread 0 many areos of the Eostem Hemisphere. WHERE WERE THE FIVE WORLD RELIGIONS LOCATED AROUND 1500 4.0.7 Location and importance of word religions n 1500 AD, + Judalsm—Concanrated a Europe andthe Mid Ease + Chrstianity—Concenrated in Europeana the Mile Eset 1 Ifam—Pans of Ala, ica, and southern Europe 4 Hinduism—inda and part of Southeast Asia + Buddhism—cast and Southeast sia STANDARD WHII.2d - ‘Trade ‘Major trade patterns 28y 1500, regional trade pater hod developed thot ined Aico, the Midele Eas, Ai, ond Europe WHAT WERE THE REGIONAL TRADING PATTERNS AROUND 1500 A.0.? ‘Traditional wade pattern inking Europe with Asa and africa + Sieroadsseross Aca to the Mesiteranean basin 1+ Mazin routes serse te indian Ocean + Trans Saharan utes across North ica + Northern European lnk withthe Black Sea + western Eurosean sea and river srade + South china Sea an lnds of Southeast Ale WHY WERE THE REGIONAL TRADING PATTERNS IMPORTANT? ‘+ Exchange of products and ideas STANDARD WHIL.2e ~Eastern inventions ‘Major technological and scent exchanges in the Eastern Hemisphere. By 1500.0, technological ond sintsic ‘advancements had been exchongedomang cultures ofthe worl WHAT TECHNOLOGICAL AND SCENTIIC ADVANCEMENTS HAD BEEN MADE AND EXCHANGED by 150040? ‘Advancements exchanes along traderoutes + Paper, compas, si porcelain (hina) + Texts, numeral system nda and dae East) 1 Scientietranser—Medne, astronomy, mmathematie STANDARD WHIL3 REFORMATION STANDARD WHIL3a- Reforn ‘Theeffects ofthe theological poll, and economicdifferences that emerged, incuding Calin and Henry Vi and Elizabeth For centuries, the Roman Cothlle Church ad ite competition in reayaus thought ond ation. The Fesistance ofthe church fo change led tothe Protestant Reformatior which resuted i the bith of ew paltica! fond econamemntutions WHAT WERE THE PROBLEMS AND ISSUES THAT ‘PROVOKED RELIGIOUS REFORMS IN WESTERN CHRISTIANITY? Confit that challenge the authority ofthe Church in Rome ‘+ Merchant welt challenged the Church's view of sry. + German and English sbi sisiked tan dominasion of he Church 1+ The Church's great polieal wer and weath caures confi. 1+ church oruption an the ste of Indulgexees were widespread and causes conte, WHAT WERE THE BELIES OF MARTIN LUTHER, JOHN CALVIN, HENRY Vi AND ELIZABETH I? 1+ Mactn Luther (he Lutheran tradition) + Views-Salvation by fath alone, Bible asthe titimate authority allhumans equal before Gee + Actlons~95 theses, birth ofthe Protestant church + John Cavin (the Calvinist tration) + Views —Predestination, ith reves by living ehteous fe, work ethic + Actions Expansion ofthe Protestant Movement ing Honey Vit + Views—Dismisse the authorty of the Pope In fome ‘+ ActonsOivercd; broke with Rome; headed ‘the national church in England: appropriates lands ar wealth ofthe Roman Catholic ‘Queen elnabetht + Anglcar Church + Tolerance for isenters + Expansion and colonialism ‘+ Vctoryave the Spanish Armada (1588) STANDARD WHIL3b - Inquisition The imped of religous cons, ncuding the inguin, on society and government The Reformation hd its oot i theology, butt Jed ta impertont economic ond poltiel changes. Religious dferences and hatreds couse wor and ‘fectacion, WHAT WERE THE MAJOR ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, ‘AND THEOLOGICAL ISSUES INVOLVED IN THE REFORMATION? Reformation in Germany + Princes in Norther Germany converted to Protestantism, ending authority ofthe Pope in ther states ‘+The Hopsburg family and the authority of he Holy foman Empire continued ta support the Roman csthole Churn + Conflict between Protestants and Catholics resulted in devastating wars (eq, Thirty Years” Aeformition in France + Catholic monarchy granted Protestant Huguenots freedom of worship by the Edie of Nantes (ater revoked). + Cardinal iehtiw changed the focus ofthe “Thiny Years War from 2 elgiou to pala, conti, Catholie Reformation + Dasenters prior to Luther- Huss, Wye + counter Reformation + The Counel of ren eatfirmes most church oetrne and practice ‘+ The Society ofesus The Jesuits) was founded to sorend Catholic doctrine around the wel 4+ The inquisition was ued to reinforce Catholic doctrine STANDARD WH Changing cultural values, radiions, ane phlosophies, and stersing the role of he printing press. Atfiest the Reformation dvided the countries af vropeon religious principles, leading to religous Intoerence Power in most European states wos concentrated 9 the march Gradualy religious toleration emerged. WHAT WERE SOME OF THE CHANGING CULTURAL VALUES, TRADITIONS, AND PHILOSOPHIES DURING THE REFORMATION? ‘Changing ealtural values raitlons, and + Growth of sculariem + Growth of individualism + Eventual growth of religous tolerance WHAT WAS THE ROLE OF THE PRINTING PRESS IN THE SPREAD OF NEW IDEAS? Role of theprintng press + Growth of teray was stimulated by the Gutenberg printing press ‘+ TheBible was printed in English, French, and spreading the eas ofthe Reformation ad Renaisance, STANDARD WHIL4 -- Age of Discovery ‘STANDARD WHIL4a ~ Motivation for exploration Theroles and economic motivation of explorers and conquistadors The expanding economies of European sites stimuloted nreesed tae with morketsin Ai, Wit the ios of Constantinople in 1453, European nations {Frenting the tiantic sought new marine roves for trode WHY WERE EUROPEANS INTERESTED IN DISCOVERING NEW LANDS AND MARKETS? Factors conzibuting tothe European discovery of Tands in theWestern Hemisphere ‘+ Demand fo gol, sce, and natural 1+ Suppor forthe difsion of Crstanity + Pola and economic compton between Eucepean empires + Innovations in navigational arts (european and iste origins) + Pioneering role of Prince Hemy the Navigator WHO WERE SOMEUMPORTANT EXPLORERS? Establishment of overseas emplees snd decimation of indigenous populations + Portus |-Vascods Game + Spsin—christopher Columbus, Hernando Corer, Francisco Pzarto, Ferdinand Magellan + enand—Feanes Drake + Fance~Jaeques Cartier STANDARD WHILAD — uence of Religion “The Inflvence of religion ne motive for exploration wos to spread the Oistionreigion HOW DID THE EXPANSION OF EUROPEAN EMPIRES INTO THE AMERICAS, AFRICA, AND ASIA AFFECT THE RELIGION IN THOSE AREAS? ‘Means of diffusion of Crstianity ‘+ Migration of cloniss to new ands + Influence of Catholics and Protestants, who ‘arid thee faith, language, ané cultures to new lands + Conversion of ndigeneus peoples STANDARD WHIL.4c- Settlement Patterns ‘Migration, etlement patterns, cultural

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