Boiler:

Boiler is a steam generating plant or steam producer. The term Boiler

applies to a device for generating (1) steam for power plant, processing or
heating purposes (2) hot water for heating purposes, hot water supply.
Boiler may be classified on the basis of any of the following characteristics:
1. Use: (a) Stationary boiler: Boiler may be used in land called
Stationary boiler. It serves for building heating, plant power steam, central
stationary utility plant ( electric power generation are known as central
station generation or utility plant) or specialized purposes.
(b) Mobile boiler: Boiler may be used in marine or in locomotive.
2. Pressure: In accordance with the ASME Boiler code these are
differentiates as the following (a) Low pressure boiler: All steam boilers
for operation at pressure not exceeding 15 psi and all hot boilers for
operation at pressure not exceeding 160 psi and emp. not exceeding 250 F.
(b) Power boiler: All boilers in the operating conditions exceeding those
specified in the low pressure boiler.
(c) Miniature boiler: All fired pressure vessels that do not exceed the
following limits: (1) 16-inch inside diameter of shell (2) 5-cubic ft gross
volume, exclusive of casing and insulation (3) 20-squre ft water heating
surface (4) 100-psi maximum allowable working pressure
3. Material: (a) Power boiler is constructed of special steel. (b) Miniature
boiler is constructed with copper, stainless steel. (c) Low pressure boiler is
built with cast iron or steel.
4. Size: (a) Commercial: 129 to 3571 sft heating surface (648 to 18000
Mbh gross output, where 1 Mbh = 1000 BTU).
(b) Residential: 16 to 294 sft heating surface (upto 1800 Mbh gross
output).
5. Tube content: (a) Fire tube (b) water tube.
6. Tube shaped and position: (1) By form: straight form, bent or sinuous
(2) By inclination: horizontal, inclined, vertical
7. Firing: (1) Fired: by fuel (2) Non fired: other than combustion.
8. Heat source: Heat may be derived from (1) combustion of fuel (solid,
liquid, gaseous) (2) Chemical action (3) Application of electrical energy (4)
Nuclear energy.

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