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BBV30303 ELECTRONIC 2
EXPERIMENT REPORT 3
(OP AMP CHARACTERISTIC- Offset Voltage in Amplifier with
Inverting and Non Inverting Configuration)
MEMBER GROUP
BIL
NAMA
1. Azman Bin Hanafiah
2. Muhammad Nazmy Bin Zulkifli
MATRIK
DB120004
DB120075
Check By:
Dr. Alias Bin Masek
Pensyarah Elektronik II
Submit: 02/11/2014
1.0.
TITLE
OP AMP CHARACTERISTIC - Offset Voltage in Amplifier with Inverting and Noninverting Configuration
2.0.
AIM
To improve our knowledge about operation amplifier characteristic
3.0.
4.0.
OBJECTIVES
3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
EQUIPMENTS
4.1.
4.2.
4.3.
Instrument experiment:
4.3.1. Voltmeter
4.3.2. Oscilloscope
4.3.3. Signal generator
4.4.
4.5.
5.0.
THEORY
An op-amp is a high gain, direct coupled differential linear amplifier choose response
characteristics are externally controlled by negative feedback from the output to input, op-amp
has very high input impedance, typically a few mega ohms and low output impedance, less than
100.
Op-amps
can
perform
mathematical
operations
like
summation
integration,
differentiation, logarithm, anti-logarithm, etc., and hence the name operational amplifier opamps are also used as video and audio amplifiers, oscillators and so on, in communication
electronics, in instrumentation and control, in medical electronics, etc.
5.1.
In this Inverting Amplifier circuit the operational amplifier is connected with feedback
to produce a closed loop operation.
When dealing with operational amplifiers there are two very important rules to
remember about ideal inverting amplifiers, these are: No current flows into the input
terminal and that V1 always equals V2. However, in real world op-amp circuits
both of these rules are slightly broken.
This is because the junction of the input and feedback signal ( X ) is at the same
potential as the positive ( + ) input which is at zero volts or ground then, the junction
is a Virtual Earth.
Because of this virtual earth node the input resistance of the amplifier is equal to the
value of the input resistor, Rin and the closed loop gain of the inverting amplifier can
be set by the ratio of the two external resistors.
We said above that there are two very important rules to remember about Inverting
Amplifiers or any operational amplifier for that matter and these are.
a. No Current Flows into the Input Terminals
b. The Differential Input Voltage is Zero as V1 = V2 = 0 (Virtual Earth)
5.2.
In this configuration, the input voltage signal, ( Vin ) is applied directly to the noninverting ( + ) input terminal which means that the output gain of the amplifier
becomes Positive in value in contrast to the Inverting Amplifier circuit we saw in
the last tutorial whose output gain is negative in value.
The result of this is that the output signal is in-phase with the input signal.
6.0.
PROCEDURE
6.1.
Insert the short-circuit clip by referring to fig 14-21 (e) and the short-circuit
clip arrangement diagram 23012-block d.5.
ii.
iii.
iv.
6.2.
Insert the short-circuit clip by referring to fig 14-21 (f) and the short-circuit
clip arrangement diagram 23012-block d.6.
ii.
iii.
iv.
7.0.
RESULT
POSITION
WAVEFORM
VPP
FREQ
Vin
388mV
53.13Hz
Vout
420mV
52.85Hz
POSITION
WAVEFORM
VPP
FREQ
Vin
Vout
396mV
53.00Hz
440mV
53.08Hz
8.0.
DISCUSSION OR ANALYSIS
i.
ii.
This deceptively simple building block is to analog electronics what nand or nor
gates are to digital electronic circuits: it reduces analog circuit design to a simple
problem of determining suitable external feedback and interconnecting networks
without the complication of having to know what's going on inside the op-amp
itself.
iii.
Treating the op-amp as ideal is often all that is necessary to use it in practice,
provided we skillfully appreciate the limitations imposed by basic device
parameters that would typically include: non-infinite open-loop gain, frequency
response expressed by slew rate, single-pole roll-off frequency and its related
gain-bandwidth product GBP, non-infinite input port resistances and non-zero
output resistance; power-supply limiting or railing due to finite power supply
voltages.
iv.
8.1.
9.0.
CONCLUSION
Based on the experiment we understand about the operation Amplifier in real practical,
and we got understand the Offset Voltage in Amplifier with inverting and we can
understand the offset voltage in Amplifier with Non-Inverting.
10.0.