TECHNICAL REFERENCE

FORMULAS, FACTS AND FIGURES

Threaded Pipe Fitting Size, Chart and Dimensions

Compressed Air Pressure Loss Reference Tables
- Pressure Loss in Air Hoses
- Pressure Loss in Threaded Pipe Fittings
Surface Area Reference Tables
- Universal Beams
- Universal Columns
- Taper Flange Beams, Channels, Junior Universal Beams
- Square and Rectangular Hollow Sections
- Circular Hollow Sections
- Steel Plate
- Equal and Unequal Angles
Basic Area and Volume Calculation Formulas
- Rectangle, Triangle, Circle, Cylinder, Cone, Sphere
Conversion Calculation Factors: Imperial < to > Metric
- Length, Area, Volume, Speed - Velocity, Flow Rate
- Weight - Mass, Bulk - Density, Pressure, Vacuum, Power, Temperature
Conversion Reference Tables: Imperial < to > Metric
- Pressure
- Temperature
- Ventilation Flow Rates
- Compressed Air Supply Flow Rates
Quick Reference Guide to Relevant AS, ISO Standards

Technical Reference Section

Threaded Fitting Sizes

INSTRUCTIONS
1. Place male fitting on the sizing circles
and match the size.
2. The fitting size is printed outside and
below the corresponding sizing
circle.

1/8
1/4
3/8
1/2
3/4
1

1 1/4
1 1/2

Male Thread

Outside Diameter

Type

(approx.)

per Inch

1/8 BSP

9.5mm

(3/8)

28

1/8 NPT

9.5mm

(3/8)

27

1/4 BSP

12.7mm (1/2)

19

1/4 NPT

12.7mm (1/2)

18

3/8 BSP

15.9mm (5/8)

19

3/8 NPT

15.9mm (5/8)

18

1/2 BSP

20.7mm (13/16)

14

1/2 NPT

20.7mm (13/16)

14

3/4 BSP

26.2mm (1 1/32)

14

3/4 NPT

26.2mm (1 1/32)

14

1 BSP

31.8mm (1 1/4)

11

1 NPT

31.8mm (1 1/4)

11 1/2

1 1/4 BSP

41.3mm (1 5/8)

11

1 1/4 NPT

41.3mm (1 5/8)

11 1/2

1 1/2 BSP

47.6mm (1 7/8)

11

1 1/2 NPT

47.6mm (1 7/8)

11 1/2

2 BSP

58.7mm (2 5/16)

11

2 NPT

58.7mm (2 5/16)

11 1/2

Number of Threads

Blastmaster Catalogue

14

Section 14

301

Technical Reference Section

Compressed Air Pressure Loss in Air Hose

HOSELINE PRESSURE LOSS (psi)
Inside
Diameter
(in.)
3/4

Hose
Length
(ft)
50

50

Line Pressure (psig)

Free Air
(cfm)
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
120
150
180
210

60
3.1
5.3
8.1

2.7
4.1
5.8
7.7

240
270
300
330
360
390
420
450
1 1/4

1 1/2

50

50

200
250
300
350

2.4
3.7
5.2
7.0

400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800

8.9

300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000

2.1
3.7
5.6
8.0

80
2.4
4.2
6.4
9.0
12.0

2.1
3.2
4.6
6.1

100
2.0
3.5
5.2
7.4
9.9
12.7

50

14

302

Section 14

Blastmaster Catalogue

600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800

1.9
3.2
5.0
7.0
9.3

150

200

300

2.9
4.5
6.3
8.4
10.8
13.6
16.6

2.4
3.6
5.1
6.9
8.9
11.1
13.5

1.8
2.8
3.9
5.3
6.8
8.5
10.4

1.2
1.9
2.7
3.6
4.6
5.8
7.1

16.2

12.4

8.4

2.6
3.5

2.0
2.7

1.3
1.8

4.5
5.6
6.9
8.2
9.7
11.3
13.0
14.8

3.4
4.3
5.3
6.3
7.4
8.7
10.0
11.4

2.3
2.9
3.6
4.3
5.0
5.9
6.8
7.7

2.3
3.1

1.8
2.4

1.2
1.6

4.0
5.0
6.2
7.4
8.7
10.2
11.7
13.3
15.0

3.1
3.9
4.7
5.7
5.7
7.8
9.0
10.2
11.5

2.1
2.6
3.2
3.9
4.6
5.3
6.1
6.9
7.8

2.5
3.6
4.9
6.3
7.8
9.5

1.9
2.8
3.7
4.8
6.0
7.3

1.3
1.9
2.5
3.2
4.1
4.9

14.0

11.4
13.6
15.8

8.8
10.4
12.1

6.0
7.1
8.3

2.7
3.8
5.2
6.7
8.4
10.4
12.5
14.7

2.2
3.1
4.2
5.5
6.9
8.5
10.2
12.0
14.1
16.2

1.7
2.4
3.2
4.2
5.3
6.5
7.8
9.2
10.8
12.4

1.1
1.6
2.2
2.8
3.6
4.4
5.3
6.3
7.3
8.5

2.7
3.8
4.0

2.3
3.2
4.3

7.9
9.8
12.0

6.5
8.1
9.9
11.8
13.9

5.5
6.9
8.4
10.0
11.9
13.8
15.9

2.9
4.1
5.5

2.4
3.4
4.5

2.0
2.9
3.8

7.0
8.8
10.8

5.8
7.3
8.9
10.7
12.6
14.6

4.9
6.2
7.6
9.1
10.7
12.4
14.3

2.9
4.4
6.3
8.5
10.9

2.4
3.7
5.2
7.0
9.0
11.2
13.6

2.0
3.1
4.4
5.9
7.7
9.5
11.6

1100
1200
1300
2

120

2.5
3.9
5.5
7.4
9.6
12.1

2.1
3.2
4.5
6.1
7.9
9.9
12.2
14.6

Technical Reference Section

Compressed Air Pressure Loss in Air Hose

HOSELINE PRESSURE LOSS (psi)
Inside
Diameter (in.)
2 1/2

Hose
Length
(ft)
50

Line Pressure (psig)

Free Air
(cfm)
1000
1500
2000
2500

60
1.7
3.7
6.5
10.0

3000
3500
4000
4500
3

50

80

100

120

150

200

300

2.9
5.1
7.9

2.4
4.2
6.5

2.0
3.6
5.5

2.9
4.5

2.2
3.4

1.5
2.3

11.2

9.3
12.4

7.9
10.6
13.7

6.4
8.7
11.2
14.0

4.9
6.6
8.6
10.7

3.3
4.5
5.8
7.3

2.5
3.6
4.9

2.1
3.1
4.1

2.5
3.4

1.9
2.6

1.3
1.7

6.3
7.9
9.6
11.5

5.3
6.7
8.2
9.8

4.4
5.5
6.7
8.0

3.3
4.2
5.1
6.1

2.3
2.8
3.5
4.2

13.6

11.5
13.5
15.6

9.4
11.0
12.7
14.5

7.2
8.4
9.8
11.1

4.9
5.7
6.6
7.6

2000
2500
3000
3500

2.5
3.9
5.5
7.5

2.0
3.0
4.4
5.9

4000
4500
5000
5500

9.8

7.6
9.6
11.7

6000
6500
7000
7500

THREADED PIPE FITTINGS

PRESSURE LOSS CONVERSION TABLE
Expressed as length in feet of straight piping giving equivalent pressure loss
Nominal
Pipe Inside
Size
Diameter
(in.)

Actual
Pipe Inside
Size
Diameter Gate
(in.)
Valve

Long Radius
Ell or on Run
of Standard
Tee

Standard Ell
or on Run of
Tee Reduced
in Size
50 Percent

1/2
3/4
1
1 1/4
1 1/2

0.622
0.824
1.049
1.380
1.610

0.36
0.48
0.61
0.81
0.94

0.62
0.82
1.05
1.38
1.61

2
2 1/2
3
4
5

2.067
2.469
3.068
4.026
5.047

1.21
1.44
1.79
2.35
2.94

6
8
10
12

6.065
6.981
10.020
11.940

3.54
4.65
5.85
6.96

Angle
Valve

Close
Return
Bend

Tee
Through
Side
Globe
Outlet
Valve

1.55
2.06
2.62
3.45
4.02

8.65
11.4
14.6
19.1
22.4

3.47
4.60
5.82
7.66
8.95

2.10
4.12
5.24
6.90
8.04

17.3
22.9
29.1
38.3
44.7

2.07
2.47
3.07
4.03
5.05

5.17
6.16
6.16
7.67
10.1

28.7
34.3
42.6
56.0
70.0

11.5
13.7
17.1
22.4
28.0

10.3
12.3
15.3
20.2
25.2

57.4
68.5
85.2
112
140

6.07
7.98
10.00
11.0

15.2
20.0
25.0
29.8

84.1
111
139
166

33.8
44.6
55.7
66.3

30.4
40.0
50.0
59.6

168
222
278
332

Blastmaster Catalogue

14

Section 14

303

Technical Reference Section

Surface Areas
SURFACE AREAS OF
UNIVERSAL BEAMS
Universal Beams
Designation

14

Profile Profile
Distance Surface
Area per
metre

Profile
Surface
Area per
tonne

mm

m2/m

760 UB 244
220
197
173
147

2580
2570
2550
2530
2510

690 UB 140
125

Profile
Surface
Area Less
Area of
One Flange
Face per
metre

Profile
Surface
Area Less
Area of
One Flange
Face per
tonne

m2/tonne mm

m2/m

m2/tonne

2.58
2.57
2.55
2.53
2.51

10.6
11.7
13.0
14.6
17.0

2310
2300
2280
2270
2250

2.31
2.30
2.28
2.27
2.25

9.47
10.4
11.6
13.1
15.2

2330
2320

2.33
2.32

16.6
18.5

2080
2070

2.08
2.07

14.8
16.5

610 UB 125
113
101

2090
2080
2070

2.09
2.08
2.07

16.7
18.4
20.4

1870
1860
1840

1.87
1.86
1.84

14.9
16.4
18.2

530 UB 92
82

1860
1850

1.86
1.85

20.1
22.6

1650
1640

1.65
1.64

17.9
20.0

460 UB 82
74
67

1650
1640
1630

1.65
1.64
1.63

20.1
22.0
24.3

1460
1450
1440

1.46
1.45
1.44

17.8
19.4
21.5

410 UB 60
54

1490
1480

1.49
1.48

25.0
27.6

1310
1310

1.31
1.31

22.0
24.3

360 UB 57
51
45

1370
1360
1360

1.37
1.36
1.36

24.2
26.9
30.3

1200
1190
1190

1.20
1.19
1.19

310 UB 46
40

1250
1240

1.25
1.24

27.0
30.7

1080
1080

250 UB 37
31

1070
1060

1.07
1.06

28.8
33.8

200 UB 30
25

923
915

0.923
0.915

30.9
36.1

304

Section 14

Profile
Distance
Less One
Flange
Face

SURFACE AREAS OF
UNIVERSAL COLUMNS
Universal Columns
Profile Profile
Distance Surface
Area per
metre

Profile
Surface
Area per
tonne

mm

m2/m

310 UC 283
240
198
158
137
118
97

1940
1900
1870
1840
1820
1810
1790

21.2
23.5
26.5

250 UC 89
73

1.08
1.08

23.4
26.6

925
916

0.925
0.916

24.8
29.2

789
782

0.789
0.782

26.5
30.8

Blastmaster Catalogue

Designation

Profile
Distance
Less One
Flange
Face

Profile
Surface
Area Less
Area of
One Flange
Face per
metre

Profile
Surface
Area Less
Area of
One Flange
Face per
tonne

m2/tonne mm

m2/m

m2/tonne

1.94
1.90
1.87
1.84
1.82
1.81
1.79

6.85
7.94
9.45
11.6
13.3
15.4
18.5

1620
1590
1560
1530
1510
1500
1480

1.62
1.59
1.56
1.53
1.51
1.50
1.48

5.71
6.61
7.86
9.68
11.0
12.8
15.3

1500
1480

1.50
1.48

16.8
20.4

1250
1230

1.25
1.23

13.9
16.9

200UC 60
52
46

1200
1190
1190

1.20
1.19
1.19

20.2
22.9
25.7

999
991
984

0.999
0.991
0.984

16.8
19.0
21.3

150 UC 37
30
23

912
900
889

0.912
0.900
0.889

24.5
30.0
38.0

758
747
737

0.758
0.747
0.737

20.4
24.9
31.5

100 UC 15

563

0.563

38.0

464

0.464

31.3

Technical Reference Section

Surface Areas
SURFACE AREAS OF
TAPER FLANGE BEAMS
CHANNELS AND
JUNIOR UNIVERSAL BEAMS
Designation

Profile Profile
Distance Surface
Area per
metre

mm

m2/m

Profile
Surface
Area per
tonne

Profile
Distance
Less One
Flange
Face

EXTERNAL SURFACE AREAS

OF HOLLOW SECTIONS

Profile
Surface
Area Less
Area of
One Flange
Face per
metre

Profile
Surface
Area Less
Area of
One Flange
Face per
tonne

m2/tonne mm

m2/m

m2/tonne

Taper Flange Beams

178 x 89
152 x 76
125 x 65
100 x 45

658
562
470
349

0.658
0.562
0.470
0.349

29.4
31.4
35.7
48.5

569
486
405
304

0.569
0.486
0.405
0.304

25.4
27.2
30.8
42.2

1130
932
834
737
678
638
580
480
374
286

1.13
0.932
0.834
0.737
0.678
0.638
0.580
0.480
0.374
0.286

20.7
23.2
23.5
29.4
29.6
30.5
32.8
35.7
40.0
43.0

1030
842
744
662
603
563
505
415
324
246

1.03
0.842
0.744
0.662
0.603
0.563
0.505
0.415
0.324
0.246

18.8
21.0
21.0
26.4
26.4
26.9
28.5
30.9
34.6
37.0

Channels
380 x 100
300 x 90
250 x 90
230 x 75
200 x 75
180 x 75
150 x 75
125 x 65
100 x 50
74 x 40

Rectangular

Square

Junior Universal Beams

180 UB 22
18

691
685

0.691
0.685

31.1
37.8

601
595

0.601
0.595

27.1
32.9

150 UB 18
14

584
576

0.584
0.576

32.4
41.1

509
501

0.509
0.501

28.3
35.8

Designation

Profile Surface Area

Nominal Per
Thickness metre
t

Per
tonne

Nominal
Size
DxB

Nominal Per
Thickness metre
t

mm x mm

mm

m2/m

m2/tonne

mm x mm

mm

0.975
0.982
0.989
0.772
0.778
0.786
0.569
0.575
0.583
0.589
0.467
0.474
0.481
0.487
0.366
0.372
0.379
0.385
0.389
0.329
0.335
0.340
0.278
0.284
0.288
0.291
0.227
0.233
0.237
0.240
0.182
0.186
0.189

13.8
16.3
20.6
13.9
16.5
20.7
14.2
16.7
20.9
26.7
14.3
16.8
21.1
26.8
14.6
17.1
21.3
27.1
32.9
21.5
27.3
36.6
21.8
27.5
33.3
41.2
22.2
27.8
33.6
41.5
28.4
34.2
42.0

254. x 152. 9.5

8.0
6.3
203. x 152. 9.5
8.0
6.3
203. x 102. 9.5
8.0
6.3
4.9
152. x 102. 9.5
8.0
6.3
4.9
152. x 76. 8.0
6.3
4.9
127. x 76. 8.0
6.3
4.9
127. x 64. 6.3
4.9
4.0
127. x 51. 6.3
4.9
3.6
102. x 76. 6.3
4.9
3.6
102. x 51. 6.3
4.9
4.0
3.2
76. x 51.
6.3
4.9
4.0
3.2
76. X 38. 4.0
3.2
64. X 38. 4.0
3.2

254. x 254. 9.5

8.0
6.3
203. x 203. 9.5
8.0
6.3
152. x 152. 9.5
8.0
6.3
4.9
127. x 127. 9.5
8.0
6.3
4.9
102. x 102. 9.5
8.0
6.3
4.9
4.0
89. x 89.
6.3
4.9
3.6
76. x 76.
6.3
4.9
4.0
3.2
64.x 64.
6.3
4.9
4.0
3.2
51. x 51.
4.9
4.0
3.2

as either the approved nor standard nor complying method nor formula nor calculation for any of the topics or aspects referred to, and neither is
any claim made as to the completeness or accuracy of the information. It is the responsibility of the reader and/or users of this information to
separately determine and verify the correct method, formula, factor, procedure, data, etc. for determining any such topics or aspects as directed
Blastmaster expressly disclaims any liability for the use or misuse of the information.

ProfileSurfacArea

Nominal
Size
DxB

DISCLAIMER: All and any tables, calculations, factors, formulas, etc information on any of these pages are a guide only and shall not be taken

or required or indicated in or by any work specifications and/or standards.

Designation

Blastmaster Catalogue

Per
tonne

m2/m

m2/tonne

0.772
0.778
0.786
0.670
0.677
0.684
0.569
0.575
0.583
0.589
0.467
0.474
0.481
0.487
0.423
0.430
0.436
0.372
0.379
0.385
0.354
0.360
0.364
0.329
0.335
0.340
0.329
0.335
0.340
0.278
0.284
0.288
0.291
0.227
0.233
0.237
0.240
0.211
0.215
0.186
0.189

13.9
16.5
20.7
14.0
16.5
20.8
14.2
16.7
20.9
26.7
14.3
16.8
21.1
26.8
16.9
21.2
26.9
17.1
21.3
27.1
21.4
27.2
33.0
21.5
27.3
36.6
21.5
27.3
36.6
21.8
27.5
33.3
41.2
22.2
27.8
33.6
41.5
33.9
41.8
34.2
42.0

Section 14

305

14

Technical Reference Section

Surface Areas
EXTERNAL SURFACE
AREAS OF CIRCULAR
HOLLOW
SECTIONS

STEEL PLATE AREAS

Steel Plate Thicknesses

Designation
Actual
Outside
Diameter

Nominal
Thickness
t

Per
metre

Per
tonne

Size
mm

kg/m2

One Side
m2/tonne

Both Sides
m2/tonne

mm

mm

m2/m

m2/tonne

3.

24.14

41.42

82.84

4.

32.18

31.07

62.14

5.

30.23

24.86

49.72

6.

48.27

20.71

41.42

457
406.4
355.6
323.9
273.1

219.1

168.3

165.1
139.7
114.3
101.6
88.9

76.1

60.3
14
48.3

42.4

306

External Surface Area

Section 14

9.5
6.4
9.5
6.4
9.5
6.4
9.5
6.4
9.3
6.4
4.8
8.2
6.4
4.8
7.1
6.4
4.8
5.4
4.9
5.4
4.9
5.4
4.5
4.9
4.0
5.9
4.9
4.0
3.2
5.9
4.5
3.6
3.2
5.4
4.5
3.6
5.4
4.0
3.2
4.9
4.0
3.2

1.44
1.44
1.28
1.28
1.12
1.12
1.02
1.02
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.688
0.688
0.688
0.529
0.529
0.529
0.519
0.519
0.439
0.439
0.359
0.359
0.319
0.319
0.279
0.279
0.279
0.279
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.189
0.189
0.189
0.152
0.152
0.152
0.133
0.133
0.133

13.7
20.2
13.7
20.2
13.8
20.3
13.8
20.3
14.2
20.4
27.0
16.1
20.5
27.1
18.7
20.7
27.3
24.4
26.8
24.5
26.9
24.8
29.5
27.3
33.2
23.1
27.5
33.3
41.3
23.4
30.1
37.1
41.6
25.9
30.6
37.6
26.6
34.7
42.6
29.4
35.2
43.1

Blastmaster Catalogue

8.

64.37

15.54

31.08

10.

80.46

12.43

24.86

12.

96.56

10.36

20.72

16.

128.70

7.77

15.54

20.

160.90

6.21

12.42

25.

201.10

4.97

9.94

28.

225.29

4.44

8.88

32.

257.40

3.88

7.77

36.

289.60

3.45

6.90

40.

321.80

3.11

6.22

45.

362.00

2.76

5.52

50.

401.30

2.49

4.98

55.

442.50

2.26

4.52

60.

482.70

2.07

4.14

70.

563.20

1.78

3.56

80.

643.70

1.56

3.12

90.

724.10

1.38

2.76

100.

804.60

1.24

2.48

110.

885.00

1.13

2.26

120.

965.50

1.04

2.08

140.

1126.00

0.89

1.78

160.

1287.00

0.78

1.56

180.

1448.00

0.69

1.38

200.

1609.00

0.62

1.24

225.

1810.00

0.55

1.10

250.

2011.00

0.50

1.00

Technical Reference Section

Surface Areas
SURFACE AREAS OF ANGLES
Designation

Surface Area

Designation

Surface Area

Designation

Surface Area

Nominal
Leg Size
AxB

Nominal
Thickness

Per
metre

Per
tonne

Nominal
Leg Size
AxB

Nominal
Thickness

Per
metre

Per
tonne

Nominal
Leg Size
AxB

Nominal
Thickness

Per
metre

Per
tonne

mm

mm

m2/m

m2/tonne

mm

mm

m2/m

m2/tonne

mm

mm

m2/m

m2/tonne

150 x 100 12
10

0.491
0.491

21.8
27.3

150 x 90

16
12
10
8

0.471
0.471
0.471
0.471

16.9
21.8
27.2
33.0

125 x 75

12
10
8
6

0.392
0.392
0.392
0.392

22.2
27.6
33.2
42.8

Equal Angles
200 x 200 26
20
18
16
13

Unequal
Angles
0.788
0.788
0.788
0.788
0.788

10.3
13.1
14.5
16.2
19.7

65 x 65

10
8
6
5

0.255
0.255
0.255
0.255

28.3
33.9
43.4
55.9

55 x 55

6
5

0.215
0.215

43.6
60.0

50 x 50

8
6
5
3

0.195
0.195
0.195
0.195

34.3
43.7
56.0
84.4

6
5
3

0.175
0.175
0.175

44.2
56.5
85.1

100 x 75

10
8
6

0.342
0.342
0.342

27.6
33.2
42.9

6
5
3

0.155
0.155
0.155

44.4
56.9
84.9

75 x 50

8
6
5

0.245
0.245
0.245

34.1
43.6
56.3

6
5
3

0.115
0.115
0.115

45.0
57.4
85.4

65 x 50

8
6
5

0.225
0.225
0.225

34.1
43.6
55.9

6
5
3

0.0953
0.0953
0.0953

45.8
57.7
85.1

150 x 150 19
16
12
10

0.590
0.590
0.590
0.590

14.0
16.7
21.6
26.9

125 x 125 16
12
10
8

0.491
0.491
0.491
0.491

16.9
21.8
27.3
33.0

100 x 100 12
10
8
6

0.392
0.392
0.392
0.392

22.2
27.6
33.2
42.8

90 x 90

10
8
6

0.352
0.352
0.352

27.7
33.2
42.9

30 x 30

10
8
6
5

0.292
0.292
0.292
0.292

27.8
33.5
42.9
55.5

25 x 25

75 x 75

45 x 45

40 x 40

DISCLAIMER: All and any tables, calculations, factors, formulas, etc information on any of these pages are a guide only and shall not be taken as either the approved nor standard
nor complying method nor formula nor calculation for any of the topics or aspects referred to, and neither is any claim made as to the completeness or accuracy of the information.
It is the responsibility of the reader and/or users of this information to separately determine and verify the correct method, formula, factor, procedure, data, etc. for determining any
such topics or aspects as directed or required or indicated in or by any work specifications and/or standards.
Blastmaster expressly disclaims any liability for the use or misuse of the information.

Blastmaster Catalogue

Section 14

307

14

Technical Reference Section

Basic Area and Volume Formulae

RECTANGLE

Area = Length x Width

TRIANGLE
H
Area = 1/2 x Base x Perpendicular Height

CIRCLE
Area = / x radius2
Circumference = 2 x / x radius
(or / x diameter)

CYLINDER

Area (ends not included) = 2 x / x radius x Height

Volume = / x radius2 x Height

CONE
Area (excluding base) = / x radius x slant height
Volume = 1/3 x / x radius2 x height

S
H

slant height = 3 radius2 + perpendicular height2

14

SPHERE
Area = 4 x / x radius2
Volume = 4/3 x / x radius3

308

Section 14

Blastmaster Catalogue

Technical Reference Section

Conversion Factors
IMPERIAL TO METRIC

METRIC TO IMPERIAL

Length

Length

thousandth of inch (thou or mil)

inches (in)
feet (ft)

x 25.4 = m
x 25.4 = mm
x 0.3048 = m

microns (m)
millimetres (mm)
metres (m)

Area

x 0.03937 = thou or mil

x 0.03937 = in
x 3.28083 = ft

Area

square inches (in )

square feet (ft2)
2

x 645.16 = mm
x 0.0929 = m2

square millimetres (mm2)

square metres (m2)

Volume
cubic inches (cu in)
cubic feet (cu ft)
cubic feet (cu ft)
US gallons (gal)
quart (qt)
fluid ounces (fl oz)

Volume
x 16.38716 = cm or mL
x 0.028317 = m3
x 28.31701 = L
x 3.7854 = L
x 0.9464 = L
x 29.57 = mL
3

Speed - Velocity
feet per minute (ft/min)
feet per second (ft/s)

x 0.00508 = m/s
x 0.03048 = m/s

x 0.47195 = L/s
x 0.028317 = m3/min
x 1.69902 = m3/hr
x 3.7854 = L/min

x 0.4536 = kg

kilograms (kg)

x 2.11887 = CFM
x 35.3145 = CFM
x 0.58857 = CFM
x 0.26417 = US gpm

x 2.2046 = lb

Bulk - Density
x 16.0185 = kg/m
x 0.016019 = kg/L

kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m3)

kilograms per litre (kg/L)

x 0.062428 = lb/cuft
x 62.4277 = lb/cuft

Pressure
x 6.8947 = kPa
x 0.0068947 = MPa
x 0.068947 = bar

Vacuum
inches of mercury (in. Hg)
inches of mercury (in. Hg)

litres per second (L/s)

cubic metres per minute (m3/min)
cubic metres per hour (m3/hr)
litres per minute (L/min)

Weight - Mass

Pressure
pounds per square inch (psi)
pounds per square inch (psi)
pounds per square inch (psi)

x 196.85 = ft/min
x 3.28083 = ft/s

Flow Rate

Bulk - Density
pounds per cubic foot (lb/cuft)
pounds per cubic foot (lb/cuft)

x 0.061023 = cu in
x 35.3145 = cu ft
x 0.035315 = cu ft
x 0.26417 = US gal
x 1.05668 = qt
x 0.03381 = fl oz

metres per second (m/s)

metres per second (m/s)

Weight - Mass
pounds (lb)

cubic centimetres (cm3)

cubic metres (m3)
litres (L)
litres (L)
litres (L)
millilitres (mL)

Speed - Velocity

Flow Rate
cubic feet per minute (CFM)
cubic feet per minute (CFM)
cubic feet per minute (CFM)
US gallons per minute (gpm)

x 0.00155 = in2
x 10.7639 = ft2

kilopascals (kPa)
Megapascals (MPa)
bar (bar)

x 0.145 = psi
x 145.04 = psi
x 14.504 = psi

Vacuum
x 3.38638 = -kPa
x 13.596 = in. H2O

kilopascals vacuum (-kPa)

inches of water (in. H2O)

x 0.2953 = in. Hg
x 0.07355 = In. Hg
14

Power
horsepower (hp)

Power
x 0.7457 = kW

Temperature
degrees Fahrenheit (F)

kilowatts (kW)

x 1.341 = hp

Temperature
- 32, then x 0.5555 = C

degrees Celsius (C)

x 1.8, then +32 = F

Blastmaster Catalogue

Section 14

309

Technical Reference Section

Conversion Tables
PRESSURE
psi to bar, kPa (MPA)

TEMPERATURE

bar, kPa (MPa) to psi

degrees Fahrenheit

degrees Celsius

psi

bar

kPa

bar

kPa

psi

40
50
60

2.8
3.4
4.1

276
345
414

1
2
3

100
200
300

14.5
29
43.5

70
80
90

4.8
5.5
6.2

483
552
621

4
5
6

400
500
600

58
72.5
87

100
110
120

6.9
7.6
8.3

689
758
827

7
8
9

700
800
900

101.5
116
130.5

130
140
150

9.0
9.6
10.3

10
11
12

68.9
103
138

100
200
250

1000
1100
1200
MPa
10
20
25

145
159.5
174

1000
1500
2000

896
965
1034
MPa
6.9
10.3
13.8

2500
3000
3500

172
207
241

17.2
20.7
24.1

300
350
400

30
35
40

4351
5076
5800

4000
5000
6000

276
345
414

27.6
34.5
41.4

500
600
700

50
60
70

7250
8700
10150

7000
8000
9000
10000
20000
30000
35000
40000
`50000

483
552
621
689
1380
2070
2410
2760
3450

48.3
55.2
62.1
68.9
137
206
241
275
344

800
900
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000

80
90
100
150
200
250
300
350
400

11600
13050
14500
21750
29000
36260
43500
50760
58000

-20
-10
-4
0-ZERO
10
14
20
30
32
40
50
59
68
70
80
86
90
100
104
122
140
158
176
194
212
230
248
266
284
300

-28.9
-23.3
-20
-17.8
-12.2
-10
-6.7
-1.1
0-ZERO
4.4
10
15
20
21.1
26.7
30
32.2
37.8
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
148.9

1450
2900
3626

14
DISCLAIMER: All and any tables, calculations, factors, formulas, etc information on any of these pages are a guide only and shall not be taken as either the approved nor standard
nor complying method nor formula nor calculation for any of the topics or aspects referred to, and neither is any claim made as to the completeness or accuracy of the information.
It is the responsibility of the reader and/or users of this information to separately determine and verify the correct method, formula, factor, procedure, data, etc. for determining any
such topics or aspects as directed or required or indicated in or by any work specifications and/or standards.
Blastmaster expressly disclaims any liability for the use or misuse of the information.

310

Section 14

Blastmaster Catalogue

Technical Reference Section

Conversion Tables
VENTILATION FLOW RATES
CFM

Litres/min

m3/min

m3/hr

m3/min

CFM

m3hr

CFM

500
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
75000
100000

14,159
28,317
56,634
84,951
113,270
141,590
169,900
198,220
226,540
254,850
283,170
424,760
566,340
707,930
849,510
991,100
1,132,700
1,274,300
1,415,900
2,123,800
2,831,700

14.16
28.32
56.63
84.95
113.3
141.6
169.9
198.2
226.5
254.9
283.2
424.8
566.3
707.9
849.5
991.1
1133
1274
1416
2124
2832

849.5
1699
3398
5097
6796
8495
10,194
11,893
13,592
15,291
16,990
25,485
33,980
42,476
50,971
59,466
67,961
76,456
84,951
127,427
169,902

15
25
50
75
100
125
150
200
250
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1250
1500
2000
2500

529.7
882.9
1765
2648
3531
4414
5297
7062
8829
10,590
14,130
17,660
21,190
24,720
28,250
31,780
35,310
44,140
52,970
70,630
88,290

1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
7500
10,000
12,500
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
50,000
60,000
75,000
100,000
125,000
150,000

588.6
1177
1766
2354
2943
4414
5886
7357
8828
11,770
14,710
17,660
20,600
23,540
26,490
29,430
35,310
44,140
58,860
73,570
88,290

COMPRESSED AIR SUPPLY FLOW RATES

CFM

litres/second

litres/second

CFM

100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
900
1000
1200
1400

47.2
70.8
94.4
118
142
165
189
212
236
283
330
425
472
566
661

35
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
250
300
350
400
500
600

74.2
84.8
106
159
212
265
318
371
424
530
636
742
848
1059
1271

14

Blastmaster Catalogue

Section 14

311

Technical Reference Section

Quick Reference Guide to Relevant AS and ISO Standards

PAINTS/COATINGS

PAINTS/COATINGS

Glossary of Terms

AS2310

Test Methods

Solvent Flashpoint

AS2106

Sampling Procedures

AS1580-102.1

Soluble Lead Content

AS1580-501

Wet Film Thickness

AS1580-107

Painting of Buildings

AS2311

Climatic Conditions for Painting

AS3894-7

AS3894-3
Dry Film Thickness

Site Inspection Reports

AS1580-108
AS3894-3

Daily surface & ambient conditions AS3894-10

ISO2178

Equipment

AS3894-11

ISO2808

Coating

AS3894-12

Daily blast & paint

AS3894-13

ISO2360
Adhesion

AS1580-408

Daily painting

AS3894-14

AS3894-9

Paint Systems Etch Primers

AS3750-17

ISO2409

Inorganic Zinc Silicate

AS3750-15

Metallic & Related Coatings

AS1397

ISO4624
Continuity (Porosity)

AS3894-1

AS4534

AS3894-2

AS4680

ISO2746

AS4791
AS4792

ISO8289
Hardness

ISO2063
ISO2064
Metallic Coatings Methods of Test AS2331

AS1580-405
ISO2815

Hard Dry Conditions

AS1580-401.5

Cure

AS3894-4

Gloss

AS1580-602

ISO1461
ISO2064
External fusion-bonded epoxy

AS3862

AS3894-8

Corrosion Prevention

AS2312

ISO2813

ISO12944
Degree of substrate corrosion

ISO7668

AS1580-481.1

Density

AS1580-202.1

Degree of blistering

AS1580-481.0

Evaluation of degradation

ISO4628

Visual inspection of
metal products

AS3978

DISCLAIMER: The above information does not represent nor purport to be a full nor complete nor accurate list of Australian Standards, Joint Australian/New Zealand Standards or ISO
Standards. It is the responsibility of the reader and/or users of this information to separately determine and verify each and/or any relevant or appropriate or required or necessary or
updated or accurate standards and/or their contents for any particular topic or aspect. Blastmaster expressly disclaims any liability for the use or misuse of the above information.

14

312

Section 14

Blastmaster Catalogue