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Birth Date:
Test Dates:
Age:
Grade:
Examiner:
01-30-2009
09-22-2014 to
11-10-2014
5-9
K.3
Kelley Wier
Developmental:
Camden is developing as a typical five-year-old student based on teacher input. His height and
weight appear to be appropriate for his age.
Educational:
The student is a beginning learner who has had limited formal academic instruction in core
subjects prior to beginning kindergarten. He does not participate in any specialized programs at
this time. Camden had attended a Christian co-op preschool for the two years prior to entering
the public school system for kindergarten.
Family:
Camden lives with his mother, 18-year-old brother, and 11-year-old brother. His mother works
the night shift during the school week and is not at home when Camden gets home from school,
goes to bed, or gets ready for school in the morning. Camdens father, stepmother, and
grandparents also have an active role in his life. He was born in Ann Arbor, MI and has lived in
the same house for his entire life.
Clinical Observations
On November 10th, 2014, the examiner observed Camden during small group guided reading at
1:45pm. Camden is at an A reading level, reading books with 1-2 word phrases independently.
Camden was working in a small group with 3 other students who are at the same reading level.
The book that the students were working on during this guided reading lesson was The
Playground by Jan Pritchett. It includes picture clues, a predictable text pattern, and two word
phrases on each page. The student was engaged throughout the picture walk and teachermodeled reading of the text. He provided answers to pre-reading strategy questions and
appeared to be on task. Camden was then asked to read the text independently twice and answer
three comprehension questions. He was engaged and completed these tasks without additional
prompting. Next, the students in the reading group were asked to match lowercase and
uppercase magnetic letters. Camden was able to complete the activity after one prompt from the
teacher. She explained that if he completed the activity, he would get to choose a sticker to put
on his folder. This prompt motivated him to complete the activity within two minutes. He often
demonstrates enjoyment throughout reading instruction, but does not believe that his
performance demonstrates authentic reading.
Camden struggles with brainstorming and constructing personal narrative stories in writing. He
occasionally engages in off task behaviors when distracted by peers during writers workshop.
Through observation, it appears that Camden enjoys writing and is continuing to develop his
written expression skills. He can write the letters in his first and last name. Camden is
beginning to write strings of letters and identify beginning sounds.
Additionally, Camden occasionally demonstrates off task behaviors during instruction. During
one mathematics lesson, Camden was asked to sit down, listen, and to work independently
multiple times. Camden will go to the bathroom for extended amounts of time. He often needs
encouragement and instructional reminders in order to complete assignments. Transitional times
for Camden require consistent prompting and guidance.
Assessment Techniques and Analysis
The following assessment tools were administered to measure Camdens academic performance
in basic reading skills:
ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES
Test
WoodcockJohnson III
Tests of
Achievement
(WJ-III)
Test
Academic
Improvement
Monitoring
System web
(AIMSweb)
Subscale
Standard
Score
Percentile
100
50th percentile
68%
Confidence
Interval
96-107
13
100
51st percentile
97-103
2
Raw Score
Correct/errors
99
Correct
Letters Per
Minute
(CLPM)
48th percentile
Percentile at
the beginning
of the year
(according to
kindergarten
benchmarks)
91-107
27/3
27 CLPM
Probe #5
24/5
24 CLPM
Probe #6
28/3
28 CLPM
Probe #7
31/3
31 CLPM
50th percentile
(>21 CLPM)
50th percentile
(>21 CLPM)
50th percentile
(>21 CLPM)
50th percentile
(>21 CLPM)
Raw Score:
Letter sounds
correct
Percent
(Accuracy)
32/52
61%
38/52
Raw Score
73%
Profile of
Emergent
Test
Dynamic
Assessment
Letter Sound
Fluency
Test
Raw Score
Subscale
Pre-test
Post-test
Subscale
Reader
Behavior
Basic Reading
Inventory:
Early Literacy
Assessments
Alphabet Knowledge
Uppercase
Lowercase
21/26
15/28
High Evidence
Some Evidence
Low Evidence
11/20
Low Evidence
High Evidence
Some Evidence
Some Evidence
Some Evidence
Caption Reading
Words recognized
Fluency
Ability to repeat story
No Evidence
Some Evidence
High Evidence
Auditory Discrimination
3/12
Low Evidence
Phoneme Awareness
0/12
No Evidence
Phoneme Segmentation
0/11
No Evidence
2/15
Low Evidence
Low Evidence
Some Evidence
Writing
Literacy Knowledge
Pre-Primer Passages
Word recognition
Comprehension/retelling
The Letter-Word Identification subtest measures the subjects word identification skills. The
initial items require the individual to identify letters that appear in large type on the subjects side
of the Test Book and the remaining items require the person to pronounce words correctly. The
individual is not required to know the meaning of any word. The items become increasingly
difficult as the selected words appear less and less frequently in written English. Letter-Word
Identification has a median reliability of .91 in the age 5 to 19 range.
Camden obtained a raw score of 13 on the Letter-Word Identification subtest. Because this is a
standardized test, this translates into a standard score of 100 and a percentile of 51. This means
that on this particular day, Camden scored as well as or better than 51% of his peers. A 68%
confidence band was used to calculate that Camdens true score on Letter-Word Identification
was estimated to be in the range of 97-103. On this subtest, Camdens grade equivalent score is
K.5, which means Camdens raw score is equivalent to the average raw score obtained by
children that are in the fifth school month of kindergarten. Camdens age equivalent based on
this score is 5-9, which means that his raw score is equivalent to the average raw score obtained
by a student age 5-years, 9-months-old. On this subtest, Camden identified several letters and
words accurately, but he required increased time and attention as the tasks increased in difficulty.
The standard score indicates that Camden is performing as an average 5-year-old.
Word Attack Description and Results:
The Word Attack subtest measures skill in applying phonic and structural analysis skills to the
pronunciation of unfamiliar words. The initial items require the individual to produce the sounds
for single letters. The remaining items require the person to read aloud letter combinations of
nonsense words. The items become more difficult as the complexity of the nonwords increases.
Word Attack has a median reliability of .87 in the age 5 to 19 range.
Camden obtained a raw score of 2 on the Word Attack subtest. Because this is a standardized
test, this translates into a standard score of 99 and a percentile of 48. This means that on this
particular day, Camden scored as well as or better than 48% of his peers. A 68% confidence
band was used to calculate that Camdens true score was estimated to be somewhere between 91107. This means the examiner is 68% confident that Camdens score would fall within this range
if given the test again. On this subtest, Camdens grade equivalent score is K.3, which means
Camdens raw score is equivalent to the average raw score obtained by children that are in the
third school month of kindergarten. Camdens age equivalent is 5-9, which means his raw score
is equivalent to the average raw score obtained by children that are 5-years, 9-months-old in the
normative sample. Camdens score on this subtest indicates his phonetic decoding skills are
average, because his standard score falls within the average range of 90-110. The student ranks
within the average classification compared to mean scores and the standard score range on both
the Letter-Word Identification and Word Attack subtests.
Academic Improvement Monitoring System web (AIMSweb)
AIMSweb is a curriculum-based measurement tool for benchmark and progress monitoring
assessments. It is based on direct, frequent probes. AIMSweb can assess students from K-12, but
based on passages for K-8. AIMSweb is typically given at the beginning of the year, mid-year,
and end of year. The biggest component is progress monitoring for all students allowing teachers
to write individual goals and to monitor progress more frequently. In kindergarten, students are
assessed for letter name fluency, letter sound fluency, phoneme segmentation fluency, and
nonsense word fluency. Based on Camdens scores on the BRI, he was assessed for Letter Name
Fluency (LNF) at the kindergarten level.
Subtests Administered:
The AIMSweb Letter Name Fluency probes are comprised of 100 lower and uppercase letters.
The student orally pronounces as many letter names as possible in one minute. The total number
of correct letter names produced is summed to arrive at the correct letter names per minute
(CLPM). Errors occur when the student skips or substitutes the wrong letter name for the letter
presented.
Summary and Results:
Camden was administered four progress monitoring probes at the kindergarten level. The four
probes given were 0p04, 0p05, 0p06, and 0p07 on 10-27-14, 10-28-14, 11-3-14, and 11-5-14,
respectively. The results for these four probes were 27/3, 24/5, 28/3, 31/3 where the first number
is the CLPM and the second number is the number of errors.
Camden was tested along with a same-aged peer who receives his instruction in the general
education classroom as well. The peers instructional level is that of a kindergarten student so he
was given four letter naming fluency probes at the kindergarten level on the same dates. His
scores were as follows: 36/0, 25/2, 33/2, and 34/1. It appears that the peers number of errors
was lower than Camdens. These scores for kindergarten in the fall would put the peers
performance in the 75th percentile compared to other kindergarteners. Camden produced letter
names quickly and independently, although the peer was able to do the same while making fewer
errors.
Camdens scores on the probes compared to other kindergarteners are average. He scored at the
50th percentile on each of the four probes. This means that Camden scored as well as or better
than 50% of his peers. For the fall, in order to be at or above the 90th percentile, a raw score of
44 is required; to achieve the 75th percentile, the raw score needs to be above 33; for the 50th
percentile, a raw score of 21 is required; for the 25th percentile, a raw score of 7 is required; and
for the 10th percentile, a raw score of 2 is required. The student scored higher than the grade
level mean score of 22 for the fall. The student exceeded the fall kindergarten benchmark score
of 13 letter names correct.
Letters Correct
Camden
25
Peer
20
Aimline
15
10
5
0
41939.0
41940.0
41946.0
41948.0
Number Correct/Error
Probe 1
30
Probe 2
20
Probe 3
Probe 4
10
0
Letter Names Correct- Conner
Axis Title
Camden was taught skills for producing letter sounds successfully using 4 different lists of letters
in alphabetic order. These teaching sessions give the student specific strategies, tools, and
prompts to help produce each of the 52 letter sounds. The design is to use four prompts to learn
the new letter sounds during the teaching process. As the prompts increase in explicitness and
level of assistance, the level of difficulty decreases with increased prompting.
Summary and Results:
The data from the pre-test, teaching phase, and post-test are summarized in the tables below:
Dynamic Assessment Scores
Raw Score:
Letter Sounds
Identified
Correctly
Pre-Test
32/52
Post-Test
38/52
The dynamic assessment used a pre-test, series of four prompts, and a post-test to assess and
teach strategies for letter sound reading fluency. The pre-test and post-test included 52 letter
sounds for the student to identify independently. The first three prompts included 10 letters of
the alphabet (upper and lowercase) in alphabetic order. The final prompt presented all 26 letters,
upper and lowercase. The student was asked to read each letter sound in order for each of the
prompts with increasing levels of guidance. Each prompt included increased modeling and
support. The prompts were presented in the following order:
Prompt 1: The first prompt was an untimed letter sound reading. It included upper and
lowercase letters A-I, totaling to 20 letters. The examiner instructed the student to point
to each letter and read the sound. The examiner gave the student an alphabet anchor chart
but did not instruct on how to use it for reading letter sounds.
Prompt 2: The second prompt was an untimed letter sound reading. It included upper and
lowercase letters J-R. The examiner instructed the student on basic letter sound rules and
strategies. The examiner instructed the student on how to read the alphabet anchor chart
to remind him of letter sounds. The examiner instructed the student to get his mouth
ready to say each letter sound.
Prompt 3: The third prompt was an untimed letter sound reading. It included upper and
lowercase letters, S-Z. The examiner prompted the student with each letter name. The
examiner modeled reading each letter sound on the prompt prior to the student reading.
Prompt 4: The fourth prompt was an untimed letter sound reading. It included upper and
lowercase letters, A-Z in alphabetic order. The prompt included a total of 52 letters. The
examiner prompted the student with each letter name. The examiner gave the correct
letter sound for each read incorrectly by the student. The examiner asked the student to
repeat the sound after given the correct sound.
Looking at the results from this assessment, it is evident that Camden is still a beginning learner
when it comes to letter sound fluency. He is able to learn new letter sounds when given
strategies and tools. Camden was able to increase his score from the pre-assessment to his post-
assessment by 6 words. During the teaching phase, Camden became visibly frustrated when
presented with a letter sound that he did not know. He stated, I dont know or would produce
the letter name. He had a harder time identifying lowercase letter sounds and also letters S-Z.
The student was observed to use the taught strategies on the post-assessment to try to read the
letter sounds.
Basic Reading Inventory
The Basic Reading Inventory (BRI), a criterion-referenced test of reading achievement, was
administered in October, 2014 to further assess Camdens early literacy skills, as well as his
reading comprehension skills. The BRI consists of graded word lists (20 words per list) and
passages, from levels pre-primer to grade twelve, to yield reading levels, reading fluency
estimates, reading comprehension estimates, and listening comprehension estimates. The BRI
Early Literacy Assessments contain alphabetic knowledge, writing, literacy knowledge, wordless
picture reading, phonemic awareness, and basic word knowledge.
Rationale:
The examiner decided to administer the early literacy assessments because the student is a
beginning reader. He has had limited formal education prior to kindergarten and is reading at a
level A according to curriculum based assessments. The student is demonstrating early
reading skills.
Subtests Administered:
The following early literacy assessment subtests were administered: alphabet knowledge,
writing, literacy knowledge, wordless picture reading, caption reading, auditory discrimination,
phoneme awareness, phoneme segmentation, basic word knowledge, and pre-primer passages.
Summary and Results:
Alphabet knowledge: This subtest contains upper case and lower case letters of the alphabet in
non-sequential order to help assess letter-identification ability.
Camden was able to identify 36 of 52 letters and self-corrected himself multiple times
throughout the alphabet knowledge subtest.
Writing: The student will demonstrate his or her ability to write words, letters, and sentences.
Directionality and letter formation are continuing to develop.
Camden is able to create a personal narrative writing piece that includes a picture and
string of letters.
The student was able to read what was written, but the examiner was not able to make
sense of writing independently.
Literacy Knowledge: This assessment contains questions you ask while sharing written material
with the student. These questions will help to assess the students knowledge of print
directionality, letters, words, punctuation, and the like.
10
11
TRAIT:
SCORE:
IDEAS
Emerging (2)
ORGANIZATION
Emerging (2)
VOICE
Experimenting (1)
WORD CHOICE
Experimenting (1)
SENTENCE FLUENCY
Experimenting (1)
CONVENTIONS
Experimenting (1)
Ideas: This trait refers to the message that the writer is expressing through their writing.
Camdens piece has a main idea that is represented in one sentence. The picture and
words help to advance the main idea, but development is not present.
Organization: This trait refers to the logical and effective sequencing of the story.
Camdens piece cannot be deciphered easily. It consists of a string of letters, some
representing beginning or ending sounds of words. He consistently writes from left to
right and top to bottom.
Voice: This trait includes the consistent use of lively, engaging, provocative text.
Camdens voice has not yet developed. Camden has not developed the use of emotion in
his writing and pictures. He is just beginning to put pictures and words on paper.
Word choice: This trait refers to the use of precise, accurate, fresh, and original words.
Camden uses basic vocabulary throughout his writing. He used his vocabulary correctly
but it is underdeveloped.
Sentence fluency: This trait refers to consistently creative and correct structure of
sentences. Camdens sentence fluency is not yet present at this time. He wrote IA L NII
A Be which he read to the examiner, as I loved when I was a baby. The sentence is
complete, but lacks basic sentence fluency. Camden mimics letter shapes, but no
sentence structure is present.
Conventions: This trait includes the correct use of basic punctuation and error-free text.
Camdens use of correct conventions is not present at this time. He is still in the
beginning sounds stage in which he is starting to match letters to sounds. The students
directionality is correct, but he still lacks the use of spaces, punctuation, and correct
spelling.
From this writing assessment, the following stage was given based on the developmental writing
continuum scoring:
Developmental Writing Continuum Scoring
Stage 1: Scribbling
Looks like a random assortment of marks on a childs
paper.
Stage 2: Letter-like symbols
Students begin to draw a somewhat indefinable picture
and may be able to describe it.
Stage 3: Strings of Letters
Students write some legible letters that tell us they know
more about writing.
Stage 4: Beginning Sounds
X
13
14
5. Camden may benefit from the ability to check out classroom reading materials to use at
home; such as leveled reading books, books on tape, or sight word flash cards. Using
classroom materials at home will help to build basic reading and writing skills.
Goals and Objectives:
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.K.2
15