PUNJABI UNIVERSITY, PATIALA For Office Use Not for Sale ORDINANCES AND OUTLINES OF TESTS SYLLABI AND COURSES OF READING FOR B.SC. (BIOTECHNOLOGY) PART - III FOR 2009, 2010 & 2011 SESSIONS ( 2o19 13 77M oly Exqrm) 7 PUBLICATION BUREAU PUNJABI UNIVERSITY, PATIALA (All Copyrights Reserved with the University) Price : 30-00 (Excluding Postage)ORDINANCE B.Sc. (Bio-Technology) The instruction for the every course shall be divided into three parts (Part- I, II, HM) and an annual examination will be held at the end of every year in the month of April or as fixed by the University. The supplementary examination shall be held in September or as fixed by the University. This examination shall be open to candidates who have been declared reappear in one subject. The candidates who have passed B.Sc, and are appearing for additional subjects or for improvement of division shall be eligible to appear in the annual examination, A candidate who passes B.Sc. Part-I examination in supplementary examination with a special chance, can appear in the next subsequent examination of B.Sc. Part-II. The examination in Part- I, II and III shall be open to a person who satisfies the requirements at A and B. Ww FOR PART- [EXAMINATION Has passed atleast one academic year previously the +2 examination of Punjab School Education Board or any other examination recognized as equivalent thereto with Medical or Non-medical subjects. FOR PART-II] EXAMINATION Has passed atleast one academic year previously Part-I examination Of this University or any other statutory University. OR Has been declared to reappear in not more than one subject in Part- examination of this University or any statutory University but such a candidate shall have to clear the reappear paper in the supplementary examination of the same year or simultaneously with Part-II examination failing which his result for Part-II examination shall also stand cancelled. For the purpose of awarding dégree to the candidates who have passed their B.Sc. Part-I examination from other University,(i) 6. ORDINANCE B.Sc. (Biotechnology) their marks in B.Sc. Part-I examination shall be increased\ decreased proportionately to bring them at par with the marks of this University. However, such candidates will have to pass the deficient paper(s) if any. Candidates who have passed B.Sc. Part-I examination from any statutory University shall be awarded the degree after raising\ reducing proportionately the marks secured by such a candidate in Part-I examination with a view to bringing his score at par with the marks allotted to the respective subjects in the corresponding examination of this University. FOR PART-II EXAMINATION Has passed one academic year previously Part-II examination of this University or any other statutory University: OR Has been declared to reappear in one subject in Part-II examination of this University or any other statutory University but such a candidate shall have to clear the reappear paper in the supplementary examination of the same year or simultaneously with Part-III examination failing which his result for Part-IIT examination shall also stand cancelled. 3 (1) @has remained on the rolls of ‘University department of Studies or a college, admitted to the privileges of the University throughout the academic year preceding the examination. (ii) is certified by the Principle of the College. (a) _ that during the academic year he has attended in each subject not less than 75% lectures delivered to that class in each pee (b) That he has obtained in a House Examination at least 33% marks in the aggregate of all the subjects or 25% in each subject. The Principal at his discretion may allow a special test to candidates who could not appear in the house examination owing to unavoidable reasons or fails to secure the minimum marks indicated above. OR (2) Has completed the prescribed course of instruction for the examination but has not appeared or having appeared has subsequent annual examination within the period prescribed in the Statutes. The pass and reappear in one subject student of Part-I &II from ORDINANCE B.Sc. (Biotechnology) (iii) Panjab University and Guru Nanak Dev University shall be treated at par with the Corresponding students of this University. The marks secured by such students shall be scaled to the marks allotted to each subjects by this University. Application for admission to the examination shall be made on the prescribed form countersigned by the authorities as mentioned in the relevant ordinances. The candidate will be required to pay examination fee as prescribed by the University from time to time. For improvement of marks\ division, the fee will be charged for each part. The last date by which admission forms and fees must reach the Register shall be as follows: (i) _ every candidate will be required to attend a minimum of 75% lectures \ periods delivered to that class in each paper. Teaching \ Seminars \ Tutorial \ Guided Library Reading Period of 45 minute duration —I attendance Practical one period may be of 2-3 hours duration —tattendance Note: Teaching Weeks in an academic Year = 25 Required Credit Hours (CH) per week for students = 25 1 Credit Hour (CH) = 1 Lectures contact Hour (LCH) = | Seminar \ Tutorial \ Guided Library Reading Contact Hour (S\T\GR\CH) =2 Practical Contact Hours (PCH) In the Department, where there is separate period for Guided Library Reading, the attendance for period, like the attendance of each paper, shall be 75% and will be considered like a paper of separate unit. (ii) In case of students whose names are struck off from the rolls due to non ~ payment of fee, and is admitted later on, his\her attendance shall not be counted for that period. (lil) ‘The shortage in the attendance of lectures by the candidate will be condoned as per mules made by the University from time to time failed in the examination. Such a candidate may appear in any subsequent annual examination within the period prescribed in the statutes.tiv) Annual Examination late fee ORDINANCE B.Sc. (Biotechnology) Without With late fee With late fee With late fee With late fee of Rs.500/- of Rs. 1,000 of Rs. 5000+ of Rs. 10,000/- Regular Jan. 12 Jan. 21 Feb. 21 - - Candidates * No form will be entertained after 2ist Feb.) Private Candidates Oct.31 Nov. 30 Dec.31 Jan. 31 Feb. 21 (No form will be entertained after 21st Feb.) Supplementary Examination July 15 July 31 Aug.16 — August31— (No form will be entertained after 31 August) —— 10. The medium of examinations shail be as under: sb (i) the language concerned; (ii) English in case of other subjects. Subject to the restrictions contained in the Ordinances. A candidate for B.Sc, +3 (Biotechnology) Scheme shall be required to take up the following subjects: @). For B.Sc. Part-I Punjabi (common with B.Sc.) with three elective science subjects Chemistry (common with B.Sc.); Cell Biology, Microbiology i) For B. Se. Part- I English (common with B. Sc.) with three elective science subjects Chemistry (common with B.Sc.), Biophysics and Biochemistry, Genetics and R-DNA Tech. (iii) For B. Sc. Part- I Only four elective Science Subjects: Environment and Microbial Technology, Chemistry, Immunology and Tissue Culture Technology, Biochemical Engineering and Fermentation Technology, - 12. (a) ORDINANCE B.Sc. (Biotechnology) (v) (i) Candidate who have been passed their Matriculation examination from a School located outside the State of Punjab may be allowed to take up the subject of Punjab History & Culture in lieu of Punjabi. (ii) Candidate who have passed their matriculation examination from a school located in the State of Punjab will not be allowed to take up the subject of Punjab History & Culture in lieu of Punjabi at the graduate level. This clauses will not apply to students covered by clause No.(iii) given below. (iii) Children of Defence personnel\ Para military personnel (serving as well as retired) will be allowed to take up the subject of Punjab History & Culture, provided the father or mother\ guardian (in case father is deceased ) of the candidate gives an affidavit that the Candidate has not studied Punjabi at the School level. The minimum number of marks required to pass the examination in each Part shall be 35% in each subject, provided that in subject with practicals the percentage shall be required separately in written and practical work. The grace marks shall be allowed according to the general ordinances relating to ‘Award of Grace Marks’. These ordinances will apply to all the examinations. (i) Upto 1% of the total marks of Part- I and II examination shall be added to the aggregate of both Part-I and Part- II examinations to award a higher division\ 55% marks, to a candidate. (ii) Grace marks to be given shall be calculated on the basis of 1% of total aggregate marks of all the written and practical Papers of the examination concerned. Marks for viva- voce\ internal assessment\ sessional work\ skill in teaching\ any additional\ optional subject shall not be taken into account for this purpose. If a fraction works out to half or more, it shall count as one mark and fraction less than half shall be ignored. (iii) To pass in one or more written papers or subjects and \ or to make up the aggregate to pass the examination but not in practical, sessional work, internal assessment, viva- voce and skill in teaching. (i) A candidate who fails in only one subject may be allowed exemption in other subjects and he may clear that one subject(vi) ORDINANCE B.Sc. (Biotechnology) in two consecutive chances i. e. at the supplementary of the same year and failing that at the next annual examination. (ii) A candidate may not avail of the exemption provided above. Such a candidate shall not be eligible to join the next higher class or appear in the next examination. (iii) A candidate passing the examination under this ordinance shall not be eligible for any scholarship, prize or medal. Successful candidates who obtained 75% marks or more of the aggregate marks in Part-I and Il examinations taken together shall be declared to have pass the examination with distinction and who obtain 60% or more of the aggregate marks shall be placed in first division. Those who obtained 50% or more but less than 60% shall be placed in second division and below 50% shall be placed in the third division. The Registrar shall publish the result of the examination as soon as possible. The successful candidates in Part-II shall receive a degree stating the division. A person who has already passed the Bachelors of Arts examination of this University may appear in the Bachelor of Science examination at the University and vice versa, provided he is otherwise eligible. A person who has passed B. Sc. +3 examination from this University may be allowed to reappear as a private candidate in Part- I, [1 and III (separately or simultaneously) examination in the same subject(s) for purpose of improving his performance. For this purpose he shall be given two chances within a period of three years from the date of passing the B.Sc.+3 examination. Such an examination shall be considered minor. Provided further that in case of B.Sc. the candidate shall not be allowed to appear in practical for improvement. A candidate who has obtained degree \ diploma higher than B.Sc. will not be allowed to appear in B.Sc. in that subject for improvement. ‘The candidate will have to pass the B. Sc. Biotechnology examination within the period of six years. B.SC. BIOTECHNOLOGY PART - III PAPER-I ENVIRONMENT & MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY-A MM-75 Time Allowed : 3 hrs. Pass Marks : 35% of the subject Lectures to be delivered:80 Theory & Practical Separately. INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER SETTER & CANDIDATES The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Sections A, B, Cand D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and will carry 15 marks each. Section E consist of 10 short answer type questions which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 15 marks in all. Candidates are required to attempt one question each from section A, B, C and D of the question paper and entire section E. SECTION-A 1, Introduction to environment, air, water and soil pollution- Pollution Hazards 2. Air pollution: Units of Measurements, Sources of Pollutants. 3, Water pollution: Physical water quality parameter, Chemical water quality parameters, Biological water quality parameters. SECTION-B Aerobic & Anaerobic waste water Treatment. 4, Brief account of activated sludge reactors, aerated ponds & Lagoons, Trickling filters 5. Outline of Biogas production up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor, anaerobic filter. Reactor, contact reactor, factors affecting process operation, status of biogas production in India. 6. Vermicomposting and composting. SECTION-C i General description of Bioremediation and Application of Biotechnology; Removal/remediation of:2 B.Sc. Biotechnology Part — fl 7. Heavy metals Pesticides and Xenobiotics. 9. Paper, Dye & textile Industrial effluents. ° SECTION-D Pollutant monitoring. 10 Biosensors for heavy metal ions, pesticides and pathogens. 11. Monitoring of pesticides by GC, HPLC. 13 Spectroscopy and atomic absorption techniques for pollutants monitoring with special reference to heavy metal ions. RECOMMENDED BOOKS: 1. Industrial water pollution control, W.Westley Elbendelds, Jr Mc Graw Hill International Edn (1998). 2. Biotechnology- Applications to environemtal protection. First oe 1993,Published by Mo Mera Panday,for Himalaya Publishing louse. 3 Commercial Biotechnology- An Internations analyzer by Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. Amsterden, The New Desk, 1984. 4 Advances in Industrial Waste Water treatment edited by P.K. Goel. Technoscience publications,First edn, 1999. Environmental Engineeing Howards & Peevy,Donal;d R.Rowe and George Technologies, Mcgrew Hill International Edn. (1988) 6. Protein immobilization fundamentals and applications edited by Richard F. Tayler, 1991. 7, A Text Book of Biotechnology, by Dr. R.C. Dubey, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi, Reprints 2002. w PAPER-I ENVIRONMENT & MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY-B MM-75 ais Time Allowed : 3 hrs. Pass Marks ; 35% of the subject Lectures to be delivered:80 Theory & Practical Separately. INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER SETTER & CANDIDATES The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Sections A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and will carry 15 marks each. Section E consist of 10 B.Sc. Biotechnology Part-II 3 short answer type questions which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 15 marks in all. Candidates are required to attempt one question each from section A, B, C and D of the question paper and entire section E. SECTION-A 1, Introduction to Biohajards, Biopesticides, Bioinsecticides and Biofertilizers. 2, _ Primary metabolites : vitamin B12, organic acid, Alcohol production. 3, Secondary metabolites: Toxins, Bacterial toxin, microbial insecticide, micro toxin, Antibiotics (Pencillins). SECTION-B Enzyme Technology. 4, Introduction to microbial production of enzymes. §. Outline of immobilization and co-immobilization of cells and enzymes. 6. Microbial Transformations: Types of transformation and application to Industry. SECTION-C 7, Mineral leaching microorganisms used in leaching . 8. Chemistry of leaching direct leaching, indirect leaching. 9. Explanation of bioleaching copper, uranium , gold and silica. SECTION-D 10. Environmental Hazards of Genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs). 11. Biosafety guidelines and regulations. 12. Introduction to Intellectual property trade secrets and trade marks. right , patents, copy rights, RECOMMENDED BOOKS: b Industrial water pollution control, W.Westley Elbendelds, Jr Me Graw Hill International Edn (1998). 2. Biotechnology- Applications to environemtal protection. First Edn 1993,Published by Mo Mera Panday,forHimalaya Publishing House,4 B.Sc. Biotechnology Part — Ill a7 Commercial Biotechnology- An Internations analyzer by Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. Amsterden, The NewDesk, 1984. 4. Advances in Industrial Waste Water treatment edited by P.K. Goel. Technoscience publications,First edn, 1999. & Environmental Engineeing Howards & Peevy,Donal;d R. Rowe and George Technologies, Mcgrew Hill International Edn. (1988) 6. Protein immobilization fundamentals and applications edited by Richard F. Tayler, 1991. 7. A Text Book of Biotechnology, by Dr. R.C. Dubey, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi, Reprints 2002. Practicals pertaining to Paper-I 1 Determination of Ts. TDS and TSS in an industrial effluent. Determination of BOD of an industrial effluent by Wrinker method. Determination of COD of an industrial effluent by refluxity and letration method. Bs Estimation of Cr(V1) content in electroplating industrial effluent by spectrophotometer method. or Estimation of Ni (II) content in electroplating industrial effluent by spectrophotometer method. 4. Demonstration of biogas production. Microbial production of industrial enzymes (_alpha- amy lase) from Bacillus lichniformis. Kinetic characterization of alpha- amylase to evaluate Km and Vmax. Immobilization of industrial enzyme in calcium alginate beads. Bioremediation of heavy metal ions/pesticides/dye or textile effluent. Comparative account of treatment technology in batch & continuous processes. 10. Procedure for running total colliform analysis by the multi tube fermentation ittethod. 11. Demonstration of Vermi composting Pathogen indicators Isolation of microorganisms from soil, food or water nN w eens B.Sc. Biotechnology Part — III PAPER - IL JMMUNOLOGY & TISSUE CULTURE TECHNOLOGY-A Time Allowed : 3 hrs. Lectures to be delivered:80 MM 75, Pass Marks : 35% of the subject Theory & Practical Separately. INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER SETTER & CANDIDATES The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, Dand E. Sections A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections ‘of the syllabus and will carry 15 marks each. Section E consist of 10 short answer type questions which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly ‘and will carry 15 marks in all. Candidates are required to attempt one question each from section A, B, C and D of the question paper and entire section E. SECTION-A 1. Introduction & History of immunology. 2 Active and Passive immune response. Cells & organs involved in immune response. Macrophage structure & function. 3. Humoral immunity, cell mediated immunity; Introduction & mechanism SECTION-B 4, Structure & function of immunobulins. 5. Antibody diversity. HLA. Structure & functions Immunosuppression; Immunopotention need and inducers. 6. Techniques to evaluate humoral & cells mediated immune response. SECTION-C 7. Hypersensitivity including immediate hypersensitivity; mechanism & mediators Introduction to Auto immunity, AIDS; Causes, Prevention & Vaccine A brief account of Transplantation and immunity. ee SECTION-D 10, Hybridoma technology and its applications. 11, Introdution to Vaccinces (Conventional & modern); Advantages ‘Mechanism of action, how they are secreted. Antibody engineering: A brief account. 12, Cytokines, Antibody engineering.6 B.Sc. Biotechnology Part — LI] RECOMMENDED BOOKS: Immunology by James Kuby. 2. Immunology by Riott. 3.” Clinical immunology by Stitis et. al. Ki a PAPER - II 4, IMMUNOLOGY & TISSUE CULTURE TECHNOLOGY -B 5 6. ] SECTION-A a 1 History of Plant tissue culture’ major contribution culture media- 8, composition and preparation. 9. ye Concept of. cellular tot potency, Callus culture and cell culture. 10. 3 Differentiation in callus culture-organogenesis and embryogenesis. Ml. 12. SECTION-B 13. 4. Protoplast isolation and culture, fusion of protoplasts and selection effusion products. S: Transgenic plants production-Agrobacterium mediated. 6. Micro propagation. Virus free plant production. B.Sc, Biotechnology Part — II] 7 PRACTICALS PERTAINING TO PAPER-I IMMUNOLOGY & TISSUE CULTURE TECHNOLOGY To prepare an antigens. Demonstration of various roots of injecting the antigen. Antibody detection by precipitation method. Antibody detection by agglutination method. Antibody detection by ELISA method. To see macrophage function by any method. Medium preparation for explant. Establishment of plant tissue culture. To estimate total DNA concentration of cells. To see the viability of cells. To count cells by hemocytometer. To count cells by crystal violet staining. To set up a primary culture after mechanical disruption/enzymatic disruption of cells. PAPER - Ul BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY-A SECTION-C MM : 75 7. Animal cell cuburg; Cultures media, substratum, requirement of Pass Marks: 35% of the subject Time Allowed : 3 hrs gases, serum requirements in medium . ‘Theory and Practical Separately Lectures to be delivered: 80 8. Establishment and maintenance of culture, from primary culture to cell line, Properties of suspension and monolayer culture. 9. Culture of tumor cells, scale up of cultures. SECTION-D 10. Evaluation of establishment of cultures. Differentaiation, embryo transfer technology. 11, Somatic cell fusion. 12, Industrial applications of plant & animal tissue culture. RECOMMENDED BOOKS: 1, Animal cell tissue culture by Freshney,2004. 2 Animal cell & tissue culture by Bolteer M. open University press, Buchingham. - vagy INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER SETTER & CANDIDATES ‘The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D & E. A,B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections . pf the ayliabus and will carry 15 marks each. Section E will consist of ‘short answer type questions, whjch will cover the entire syllabus uniformly ‘and will carry 15 marks in all. Candidates are required to attempt one question each from section A, B, C & D of the question paper and the entire section E. SECTION-A Introduction: Biochemical engineering in biotechnology; principles of up-stream and down-stream processing. Bioreactor: Introduction to types of bioreactors: batch, fed batch and continuous systems of fermentation; and scale up.10. 12. we B.Sc. Biotechnology Part-II Bioprocess Control and Monitoring Systems: General introduction on instrumentation for monitoring and controlling of bioreactors. SECTION-B Sterilization: Medium sterilization in batch and continuous systems. Sterilization of air and filters. Aeration and Agitation: Aeration, agitation systems for bioreactors and their design; factors affecting agitation and aeration on shakers, roller tubes, static, submerged cultures and factors affecting oxygen transfer rates in shake flasks. Transport Phenomenon in Bioreactors: Mass transfer coefficient (Kla) for gasses and liquids, heat transfer coefficient; determination of KLa, factors affecting KLa in bioprocesses. SECTION -C Product Recovery: Principles of solid—tiquid extraction and liquid— liquid extraction. Isolation and Extraction of Bioproducts/Enzymes: separation of cells - foam separation, flocculation, agglomeration, filtration and Disruption of cells - physical and chemical methods. SECTION-D Recovery/Purification of Bioproducts/Enzymes: Brief account of distillation, electrodialysis, evaporation, drying and crystalization. Bioprocess Economics: Cost determination of bioprocess capital investment for equipments, raw materials, consumable and other costs etc. Outline of Networking in Bioprocesses: Role of computers in bioprocess control and applications. RECOMMENDED BOOKS: Blanch, H. W. & Clark, D. S. (1996) Biochemical Engineering, Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, USA. Stanbury, P. F., Whitaker, A. and Hall, H. J. (1995) Principles of Fermentation Technology, Pergamon, Oxford, UK. Goldberg, E. (1997) Handbook of Downstream Processing, Blackie Academic & Professional, London, UK. Ratledge, Colin and Kristiansen, Bjorn (2001) Basic Biotechnology, Cambridge University, Press, Cambridge, UK. B.Se, Biotechnology. Part ~ [lI 9 5. Bailey, J. E. and Ollis, D. F, (1996) Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill International Editions, New York, USA. 6. Shuler, M. L. and Kargi, F. (2002) Bioprocess Engineering: Basic Concepts, Preutice Hall International Series, New Jersey, USA. 7. Biotol Series (2003) Bioreactor Design and Product Yield, Butterworth, Heinemann, Oxford, UK. § Biotol Series (2003) Techniques used in Bioproduct Analysis, Butterworth, Heinemann, Oxford, UK. 9, Biotol Series (2003) Bioprocess Technology: Modelling and Transport Phenomenon, Butterworth, Heinemann, Oxford, UK. PAPER — Di BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY- B MM :75 Pass Marks: 35% of the subject Time Allowed : 3 hrs ‘Theory and Practical Separately Lectures to be delivered: 80 INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER SETTER & CANDIDATES The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D&E. Sections A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and will carry 15 marks each. Section E will consist of short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly wid Will carry 15 marks in all. Candidates are required to attempt one each from section A, B, C & D of the question paper and the ‘section E. wean ° SECTION-A 1 RaW Materials: Conventional and non-conventional substrates __ (@irbon and nitrogen) for fermentation; their preparation and ~~ Gheinieal characteristics. 2‘ Marier Cultures: Techniques for the development of inoculum and "aseptic inoculation for the industrial fermentation. 1 Mittoblal Growth Kinetics: Batch, fed batch and continuous systems and their applications. a SECTION-B Vormentation Types: Submerged, surface and solid state/substrate fermentation; fhetors affecting these fermentations.B.Se. Biotechnology Part - III Microbial Biomass for Food and Feed: Algal, bacterial, fungal and yeast biomass as single cell protein; technologies for the production of SCP. Biofuels: Fermentative production of ethanol. SECTION-C Outlines of Alcoholic Beverages: Raw materials, culture, fermentation technology and post fermentation processing of distilled and alcoholic beverages. i Beer and Wine: Types, production and post fermentation processing. Vinegar: Raw materials, culture and fermentation conditions and recovery. SECTION -D Organic Acids: Fermentative production of citric acid, lactic acid and propionic acid. Food Additives and Ingredients: Fermentative production of amino acids i.e. L-glutamic acid and L-aspartic acid. Pharmaceutical Products: Fermentative production of antibiotics- penicillin, and cephalosporin. a RECOMMENDED BOOKS: Glazer, A. N. & Nikaido, H. (1995) Microbial Biotechnology. Fundamentals of Applied Microbiology, W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, USA. Wailes, M. J., Morgan, N. L., Rockey, J. 8. and Higton, Gary (2002) Industrial Microbiology: An Introduction, Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK. Mansi-EL, E.M.T. and Bryce, C.F.A. Fermentation Microbiology and Biotechnology, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK. Casida, L. E. (Jr.), Industrial Microbiology, New Age International (P) Limited, ‘Publishers, N. Delhi, India. Moo-Young, M. (2004) Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol. 2, Pergamon Press, USA. Moo-Young, M. (2004) Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol. 3, Pergamon Press, USA. A. L. and Davies, J. E. (1999) Manual of Industrial thnology, ASM, Washington, DC, USA. Ashok (1999) Biotechnology: Food B.Sc. Biotechnology Part— III i Fermentation Vol. I, Educational Publishers & Distributors, N. Delhi, India. 9. Joshi, V. K. and Pandey, Ashok (1999) Biotechnology: Food Fermentation Vol: 1, Educational Publishers & Distributors, N. Dethi, India. 10. Rehm, R. H. & Reed, G (1995) Biotechnology Vol. 6&7, Verlag Press, NY, USA. Il. Reed, B. (1998) Prescot and Dunn's Industrial Microbiology, CBS Publishers, New Delhi. Practicals Pertaining to Paper III J. Demonstration of operation of lab scale fermenter. 2. _ Determination of mass transfer coefficient (Kla) of a culture medium. 3. Determination of thermal death time of a culture and evaluation of sterilization techniques. 4. Disruption of cells by chemical and physical methods. §. Isolation, extraction and recovery / purification of bioproducts by using various biochemical techniques. 6. Distillation, evaporation and drying of bioproducts. 7. Fermentative production of ethanol and vinegar. 8. Fermentative production of white and red wines. 9. Fermentative production of organic acids and amino acids. 10, Production and assay of antibiotics. 1|, Production and evaluation of single cell proteins. 12, Comparison of production by solid substrate and submerged : fermentation. {i Microbial growth kinetics of batch, fed batch and continuous systems. 14, SDS - PAGE of proteins. Paper and Thin layer chromatography of bioproducts.