Alcohol and Drug

Abuse

Anthony Bell, Kory Hammer,

Jasmine Lee, Victoria Manning,
and Chauncey Stephens

History and
Background

1906- Pure
Food & Drug
Act

1965- Drug
Use Grows

1970- Drug
Abuse
Prevention and
Control Act

1914- Harrison
Narcotic Act

1964- Drug
Use in Vietnam

1973- DEA is
created

2012Colorado &
Washington
legalize
marijuana

1915California Bans
Pot

1937Marijuana Tax
Act

1980- Richard
Pryor Ignites
Self

1989- Drug
Arrests Rise

1917
Eighteenth
Amendment

1933- TwentyFirst
Amendment

1986- Just Say

No!

1986Mandatory
Sentences
Enacted

Editorial Team. (2008,November 11). History of Drugs in America Timeline of Important Dates.Shmoop.com. Retrieved from
http://www.shmoop.com/drugs-america/timeline.html

Quiz

Alcohol and Drug

Use During
Pregnancy

Among pregnant
women ages 15 to
44, what percentage
were illicit drug
users during their
pregnancy?

63.2%
Zukerman, Barry. (1991) Drug-exposed infants: Understanding
the medical risk. The Future of Children, 1.1, 26-35.
Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1602612

What is neonatal
abstinence
syndrome?

Zukerman, Barry. (1991) Drug-exposed infants:

Understanding the medical risk. The
Future of Children, 1.1, 26-35. Retrieved
from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1602612

A drug withdrawal
syndrome in
newborns following
birth

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/19888.htm

Symptoms of NAS
Increased
Irritability

Hypertoni
a
Feeding
Tremors
Intoleranc

Watery
Stools
Zukerman, Barry. (1991) Drug-exposed
infants: Understanding the
medical risk. The Future of
Children, 1.1, 26-35. Retrieved
from

Emesis
Seizures

Respirator
y Distress

Smoking during
pregnancy can cause
type 2 diabetes in
offspring. True or
False?

True
Zukerman, Barry. (1991) Drug-exposed infants: Understanding
the medical risk. The Future of Children, 1.1, 26-35.
Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1602612

Among pregnant
women ages 15 to
44, an annual
average of what
percent reported
current alcohol use?

8.9%
Zukerman, Barry. (1991) Drug-exposed infants: Understanding
the medical risk. The Future of Children, 1.1, 26-35.
Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1602612

Parental
Substance Abuse
During Childhood

One in four children

in the United States
are exposed to
alcoholism or drug
addiction in the
family. True or False?

True
Dayton, Tian. Portrait of an alcoholic family: Forgotten children; right next
door? National Association for Children of Alcoholics. Retrieved from
http://www.nacoa.org/pdfs/Portrait%20of%20an%20Alcoholic

It is estimated that____
percent of children in
this country (6 million)
live with at least one
parent who abuses
alcohol or other drugs.

9
Chapter 2 impact of substance abuse on families. (2004).
Treatment Improvement Protocol. Available from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK64258/

Studies indicate that

between____ and____
of child maltreatment
cases involve
substance use to
some degree.

Chapter 2 impact of substance abuse on families. (2004).

Treatment Improvement Protocol. Available from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK64258/

1/3,
2/3

Across the country,

how many children
are in foster care due
to parental substance
abuse?

4080%

Lucero, Kathleen. The impact of substance abuse on children and

youth in foster care. (2011). National Association for
Children of Alcoholics. Retrieved from

Substance Abuse
in Youths

In 2009, ____ percent of

youths aged 12 to 17
reported that it would be
fairly easy or very
easy for them to obtain
marijuana if they wanted
some.

49.9
Stagmen, S., Schwarz, S., & Powers, D. (n.d.). Adolescent
substance use in the U.S.: Facts for policy makers. NCCP.
Retrieved from

Fourteen percent of teens

ages 12-17 indicated that
they had been
approached by someone
selling drugs in the past
month. True or False?

True
Stagmen, S., Schwarz, S., & Powers, D. (n.d.). Adolescent
substance use in the U.S.: Facts for policy makers. NCCP.
Retrieved from

DrugFacts: High school and youth trends. (2014 January). National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved from
http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/high-school-youth-trends

People aged 12 to 20
consume how much of
the alcohol in the
United States?

11%
Fact sheets underage drinking. (n.d.) Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/underage-

On average, adult
drinkers consume
more drinks per
drinking occasion than
underage drinkers.
True or False?

False
Fact sheets underage drinking. (n.d.) Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/underage-

Peer Pressure
Desired
Clique
Change
Personal
Image
Fit in at a
New Place

Fitting in. (n.d.). Teenage Drinking and Peer Pressure. Retrieved

from http://timetoact.drugfree.org/think-why-teens-use-

http://theygk.wordpress.com/2011/03/16/food-for-thought-peer-

Digital Peer Pressure

Internet
Television
Movies
Music
Popular
Culture

www.beautyworldnews.com
Jaslow, R. (2012, August 22). Survey: Digital peer
www.idolator.com
pressure fueling drug, alcohol use in high
school students. CBSNews. Retrieved from
http://www.glogster.com/rebekahb/michael-phelps-drug-scandal/ghttp://www.cbsnews.com/news/survey-digital6n4ud6r7m3k9nls3it24ea0
peer-pressure-fueling-drug-alcohol-use-in-highschool-students/

Effects of Substance Abuse on

Youths

Damaged Circuits

Why Teenagers
Abuse Drugs and
Alcohol

79 of teens say they drink to

______
% drunk or because it "feels good
get
66 say peer pressure is the
______
%
reason

67
%
______
say drinking alcohol helps
them forget their problems

47
______
drink because they have
%
nothing better to do.

Teens and substance abuse. (2014). How Stuff Works. Retrieved from http://health.howstuffworks.com/pregnancy-andparenting/teenage-health/teens-and-substance-abuse.htm

Top Eight Reasons Teens Try Substances

Instant
Other
Gratificati
People
on
Popular
Escape or Self
Media
Medication
Lack
of
Rebellion
Confidenc
e
Boredom
Misinformati
on

Marshall, Shana N. (n.d.). Top 8 reasons why teens try alcohol and drugs. How to Keep Your Teenager Out of
Trouble and What to Do if You Can't. Retrieved from http://www.haddonfieldnj.org/pdf/MA-

Youth Anti-Drug Groups

Learning For Life

PRIDE Youth Programs
Drug Abuse Resistance Education
Students Against Destructive
Decisions (SADD)
Teens In Prevention
Law Enforcement Exploring
Youth Crime Watch of America

Substance Abuse
Prevention

What is the D.A.R.E

Program?
A program
that teaches
about drug
abuse
prevention
Mission/vision. (2014). D.A.R.E. Retrieved from

What does D.A.R.E.

stand for?

Drug Abuse
Resistance
Education
Mission/vision. (2014). D.A.R.E. Retrieved from

When was the

D.A.R.E. Program
established?

1983
Mission/vision. (2014). D.A.R.E. Retrieved from

Where was the

D.A.R.E. Program
founded?

Los
Angeles
Mission/vision. (2014). D.A.R.E. Retrieved from

Substance Abuse
Prevention Videos

Drug Free World

Key Terms
Abuse: Consumption of controlled substance
regardless of frequency
Addiction, addict: Long-standing drug abuse;
drug dependence
Alcohol: sedative/hyponotic with effects similar
to barbiturates (lower heart rate, respiration,
and blood pressure; problems with balance and
locomotion; interfere with brain function
resulting in slurred speech, impaired judgment,
and erratic behavior)
Cannabis: generic term for several
psychoactive preparations of marijuana
United Nations International Drug Control Programme. (2000). Demand reduction a glossary of terms. United Nations Office for
Drug Control and Crime Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.unodc.org/pdf/report_2000-11-30_1.pdf

Key Terms continued

Drug abuse: use of any substance for purposes that
arent medical or scientific, without prescription, in
excessive dose levels, or for an unjustified over period of
time
Intoxication: condition that results in disturbances in level
of consciousness, cognition, perception, judgment, affect,
behavior, or other psychophysiological functions and
responses
Overdose: use of any drug in such amount that acute
adverse physical or mental effects are produced
Peer pressure: notion that peers put pressure on
individuals to conform to group norms, which may include
the illegal taking of drugs.
Prevention/education: demand reduction strategy which
United Nations International Drug Control Programme. (2000). Demand reduction a glossary of terms. United Nations Office for
covers
Often designed to warn
Drug Controleducation
and Crime Prevention.activities.
Retrieved from http://www.unodc.org/pdf/report_2000-11-30_1.pdf

Instructional
Strategies

s
s
a
l
C
e
r
i
t
n
E

Children
Affected
by
Substan
ce
Abuse

Entire Class
Facts

Effects

Drug-free
youth
clubs
Projects

Drug-free
Pledge
Guest
Speaker

Drug prevention activities: Reaching youth before drugs do. (2014). Foundation for a Drug Free World. Retrieved from
http://www.drugfreeworld.org/takeaction/reaching-youth-before-drugs-do.html

Children Affected by Substance

Abuse

Environme
nt
Accommodati
ons
Behavior
Social
Interactions

Reach to teach: Educating elementary and middle school children with fetal alcohol
spectrum disorders, DHHS Pub. No. SMA-4222. (2007). Center for Substance
Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration. Retrieved from

Lesson Plan

Discussion Questions
1. What are your options if someone offered you drugs
at school?
2. What can you do when it is hard to say "no" when
drugs are offered over and over?
3. Do drugs scare you? If so, how?
4. What could you do if you see someone using drugs at
school?
5. Is it "normal" to just try drugs? How would you define
the word temptation?
6. What could you do if you think a friend is on drugs
(high) while at school?

References
Chapter 2 impact of substance abuse on families. (2004). Treatment Improvement Protocol. Available from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK64258/
Dayton, Tian. Portrait of an alcoholic family: Forgotten children; right next door? National Association for
Children of Alcoholics. Retrieved from http://www.nacoa.org/pdfs/Portrait%20of%20an%20Alcoholic
%20Family.docx.pdf
DrugFacts: High school and youth trends. (2014 January). National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved from
http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/high-school-youth-trends
Drug prevention activities: Reaching youth before drugs do. (2014). Foundation for a Drug Free World.
Retrieved from http://www.drugfreeworld.org/takeaction/reaching-youth-before-drugs-do.html
Fact sheets underage drinking. (n.d.) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/underage-drinking.htm
Fitting in. (n.d.). Teenage Drinking and Peer Pressure. Retrieved from http://timetoact.drugfree.org/thinkwhy-teens-use-fitting-in.html
Gardner, A. Many teens drinking, taking drugs during school: Survey. (2012, August 22). U.S. News and
World Report. Retrieved from http://health.usnews.com/health-news/news/articles/2012/08/22/manyteens-drinking-taking-drugs-during-school-survey
Jaslow, R. (2012, August 22). Survey: Digital peer pressure fueling drug, alcohol use in high school students.
CBSNews. Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/news/survey-digital-peer-pressure-fueling-drugalcohol-use-in-high-school-students/
Jones, Hendree. (2006). Drug addiction during pregnancy: Advances in maternal treatment and
understanding child outcomes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15.3,126-130. Print.
Lucero, Kathleen. The impact of substance abuse on children and youth in foster care. (2011). National
Association for Children of Alcoholics. Retrieved from http://www.nacoa.org/pdfs/Fall2011%204.pdf

References continued
Mission/vision. (2014). D.A.R.E. Retrieved from http://www.dare.org/mission-vision/
Peer Pressure. (n.d.). Facts for Families. Retrieved from
https://www.aacap.org/aacap/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/Facts_for_Families_P
ages/Peer_Pressure_104.aspx
Reach to teach: Educating elementary and middle school children with fetal alcohol
spectrum disorders, DHHS Pub. No. SMA-4222. (2007). Center for Substance Abuse
Prevention, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Retrieved from
http://fasdcenter.samhsa.gov/documents/reach_to_teach_final_011107.pdf
Stagmen, S., Schwarz, S., & Powers, D. (n.d.). Adolescent substance use in the U.S.: Facts for
policy makers. NCCP. Retrieved from http://www.nccp.org/publications/pub_1008.html
Teens and substance abuse. (2014). How Stuff Works. Retrieved from
http://health.howstuffworks.com/pregnancy-and-parenting/teenage-health/teens-andsubstance-abuse.htm
United Nations International Drug Control Programme. (2000). Demand reduction a glossary
of terms. United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention. Retrieved from
http://www.unodc.org/pdf/report_2000-11-30_1.pdf
Why kids use drugs. (2006). Focus on the Family. Retrieved from
http://www.focusonthefamily.com/parenting/parenting_challenges/kids-and-substanceabuse/why-kids-use-drugs.aspx
Zukerman, Barry. (1991) Drug-exposed infants: Understanding the medical risk. The Future of
Children, 1.1, 26-35. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1602612

Resources
The Partnership at Drug Free.o
rg
National Center on Substance
Abuse and Child Welfare

National Association for Childre

n of Alcoholics

Meth Project

So What?
Now What?