Ar166 208 260

ARIEL
Heavy Duty
Oil Flooded Twin Screw
Rotary Compressors
TECHNICAL MANUAL
For Models:
AR166, AR208, AR260K & AR260
ARIEL CORPORATION
35 BLACKJACK ROAD, MOUNT VERNON, OHIO 43050
TELEPHONE: 740-397-0311 FAX: 740-397-3856
(For additional contact information, see PAGE 7 - 10)
VISIT OUR WEB SITE: www.arielcorp.com
REV: 2/02
FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260
! CAUTION
GAS COMPRESSOR UNITS ARE COMPLICATED AND DANGEROUS
PIECES
OF
EQUIPMENT.
THOROUGH
TRAINING
AND
FAMILIARIZATION WITH THE EQUIPMENT IS REQUIRED.
BEFORE STARTING THIS UNIT:
FAMILIARIZE YOURSELF WITH THE UNIT.
READ AND STUDY START-UP AND SHUT-DOWN INFORMATION FOR
BOTH PACKAGE AND COMPRESSOR CAREFULLY!
A GAS/AIR MIXTURE UNDER PRESSURE CAN EXPLODE! YOU CAN
BE SEVERELY INJURED OR KILLED. MAKE SURE THE
COMPRESSOR IS SUFFICIENTLY PURGED OF ANY EXPLOSIVE
MIXTURE BEFORE LOADING.
AFTER COMPLETING THE ABOVE, BEGIN PROPER STARTING
PROCEDURE.
! CAUTION
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO START-UP UNIT WITHOUT REFERRING TO THIS MANUAL SECTION 3: START-UP. IT IS ALSO
ESSENTIAL TO REFER TO THE PACKAGERS OPERATING
MANUAL.
! CAUTION
THIS MANUAL EDITION IS BASED ON THE CURRENT
DESIGN, BUILD AND PRACTICES. THIS MANUAL MAY NOT
BE APPLICABLE TO EQUIPMENT BUILT PRIOR TO THE
DATE ON FRONT COVER AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
WITHOUT NOTICE. CONTACT ARIEL WITH ANY QUESTIONS,
SEE PAGE 7 - 10.
2/02
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Design Specifications & Data .............................................................. 1-1
General ................................................................................................................... 1-1
Operating Theory .................................................................................................... 1-3
Specifications ......................................................................................................... 1-5
................................................................................................................................ 1-5
Product Information and Safety Plates ................................................................... 1-8
Important Safety Information ............................................................................. 1-9
Fastener Tightening Torque ................................................................................. 1-10
Tightening Torque Procedures ........................................................................ 1-11
Ariel Bolting .......................................................................................................... 1-12
Alarm & Shutdown (also see Section 4) ............................................................... 1-13
Gas Discharge High Temperature Settings .................................................... 1-13
Storage and Transportation of Compressor ......................................................... 1-13
Installation ............................................................................................. 2-1

General ................................................................................................................... 2-1
Procedure For Setting and Aligning ........................................................................ 2-1
Setting ............................................................................................................... 2-1
Alignment .......................................................................................................... 2-1
Vents and Drains .................................................................................................... 2-2
Inlet Gas Debris Screens ........................................................................................ 2-3
Inlet Gas Liquids ..................................................................................................... 2-3
Start Up .................................................................................................. 3-1

General ................................................................................................................... 3-1
Start Up Check List ................................................................................................. 3-2
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure .................................................................. 3-7
Relief Valve Settings .............................................................................................. 3-7
Filling and Priming an Oil Lube Oil System - Before Starting ................................. 3-7
Filling The System ............................................................................................. 3-7
Slide Valve Positioning - Hydraulic ......................................................................... 3-8
Theory of Operation .......................................................................................... 3-8
Visual Position Indicator (Yellow Pointer), Internally Changeable Models ........ 3-9
Visual Position Indicator (Yellow Pointer), Externally Changeable Models ....... 3-9
Slide Valve Positioning at Start-up .................................................................. 3-10
Slide Valve Positioning - Hand Wheel .................................................................. 3-10
Theory of Operation ........................................................................................ 3-11
Slide Valve Positioning at Start-up .................................................................. 3-12
Balance Oil Connection ................................................................................... 3-12
Built In Volume Ratio Changes - Internally Changeable Vi .................................. 3-13
Built In Volume Ratio Changes - Externally Changeable Vi ................................. 3-14
Thrust Balance System ........................................................................................ 3-14
Thrust Balance Pressure Adjustment .............................................................. 3-14
2/02
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Gas/Oil Separator Coalescing Filter - Scavenged Oil Line Flow Adjustment ....... 3-15
Sour Gas Service with over 100 ppm to 2% H2S or Other Dangerous Gases .....3-15
Compressor Re-Application .................................................................................. 3-16
Oil System, Lubrication & Venting ...................................................... 4-1

General ................................................................................................................... 4-1
Lubricants ...............................................................................................................4-2
Petroleum Based Oils - also referred to as mineral oils: ...................................4-5
Synthetic Lubricants .......................................................................................... 4-5
Auxiliary Equipment ................................................................................................ 4-6
Lube Oil Strainer ................................................................................................ 4-6
Oil Cooler ........................................................................................................... 4-6
Temperature Control Valve ............................................................................... 4-6
Cold Ambient Temperatures .............................................................................. 4-6
Prelube Pump .................................................................................................... 4-7
Oil Pressure Regulating Valves .........................................................................4-7
Oil Filters ........................................................................................................... 4-7
Liquids and Contaminants in Gas ...................................................................... 4-8
Compressor Oil Pump ............................................................................................. 4-8
Compressor Oil Supply Pressure Calculations .......................................................4-9
Gas Balance Line Pressure (GBLP) Calculation .................................................. 4-10
Compressor Re-Application .................................................................................. 4-10
Warranty ............................................................................................................... 4-10
Lube Oil Shutdowns .............................................................................................. 4-10
Pressure: ......................................................................................................... 4-11
Temperature: ...................................................................................................4-12
Rotor Injection Flow .............................................................................................. 4-12
Flushing Requirements .........................................................................................4-12
Maintenance .......................................................................................... 5-1

General Introduction ............................................................................................... 5-1
Mechanical Seal ...................................................................................................... 5-2
Replacing the Mechanical Seal .........................................................................5-3
Optional Collared Retaining Bolts ...................................................................... 5-4
Slide Valve Replacement - Internally Changeable Vi .............................................5-6
Compressors with Individual Cover Plates ........................................................ 5-7
Replacement .....................................................................................................5-7
Slide Valve Cylinder Reassembly Into Compressor .......................................... 5-7
Slide Valve Axial Position Indicator Transducer ..................................................... 5-8
Externally Changeable Slide Valve .......................................................................5-10
Slide Valve Volume Ratio (Vi) Change - Externally Changeable Vi ................ 5-10
Vi Spacer Adjustments - Externally Changeable Vi ............................................. 5-12
Slide Valve Inspection/Replacement - Externally Changeable Vi .........................5-12
Removal .......................................................................................................... 5-12
Replacement ...................................................................................................5-13
Slide Valve Cylinder Assembly Into Compressor ............................................ 5-13
Oil Pump and Geared Tooth Coupling .................................................................. 5-14
ii
2/02
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Oil Pump Replacement ................................................................................... 5-14

Coupling Replacement .................................................................................... 5-15
Ethylene Glycol Contamination ............................................................................ 5-16
Mineral Deposit Build-Up in Low Pressure Natural Gas Applications .................. 5-16
Technical Assistance ........................................................................... 6-1

Recommended Maintenance Intervals ................................................................... 6-1
Daily .................................................................................................................. 6-1
Monthly (in addition to Daily Requirements) ..................................................... 6-2
Every 6 Months or 4,000 Hours (plus Daily/Monthly) ........................................ 6-2
Yearly or every 8,000 Hours (plus Daily/Monthly/6 Months) ............................. 6-2
Trouble Shooting .................................................................................................... 6-2
Appendices ............................................................................................ 7-1

Ariel Tools ............................................................................................................... 7-1
Ariel Furnished Tools ........................................................................................ 7-1
Minimum Hand Tools Required .............................................................................. 7-3
Terms, Abbreviations and Conversion to SI Metric ................................................ 7-4
Area ................................................................................................................... 7-4
Flow - Gas ......................................................................................................... 7-4
Flow - Liquid ...................................................................................................... 7-4
Force ................................................................................................................. 7-4
Heat ................................................................................................................... 7-4
Length ............................................................................................................... 7-4
Mass .................................................................................................................. 7-4
Moment or Torque ............................................................................................. 7-5
Power ................................................................................................................ 7-5
Pressure or Stress ............................................................................................ 7-5
Speed ................................................................................................................ 7-5
Temperature ...................................................................................................... 7-5
Time .................................................................................................................. 7-5
Viscosity ............................................................................................................ 7-6
Volume .............................................................................................................. 7-6
Other Abbreviations .......................................................................................... 7-6
Gas Analysis Common Abbreviations .................................................................... 7-8
Metric Factors ......................................................................................................... 7-9
Technical and Service Schools on Ariel Compressors ........................................... 7-9
Ariel Customer Technical Bulletins (Formerly Ariel Newsletters) ........................... 7-9
Vendor Literature .................................................................................................... 7-9
Ariel Contact Information ...................................................................................... 7-10
2/02
iii
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2/02
SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

General
Ariel compressors are designed for ease of operation and maintenance. Experience has
shown that an Ariel compressor will normally provide years of satisfactory performance with
minimal proper maintenance.
While Ariel rotary compressors share many similarities, each model has aspects that are
unique to the particular model type. If you, as an operator, are familiar with Ariel reciprocating compressors, it is still important to review this rotary manual to determine the differences. If you are new to Ariel rotary compressors, it is critical that you become very familiar
with this manual prior to operating the compressor. Rotary compressors are precision rotating equipment, requiring knowledgeable operation and maintenance.
FIGURE 1-1: SIDE VIEW - ARIEL ROTARY COMPRESSOR WITH INTEGRAL OIL PUMP - TYPICAL
Ariel rotary compressors feature positive displacement, single stage operation using oilflooded twin screw rotors. The compressors are designed primarily for natural gas but have
applications for other gases, such as propane. Heavy duty babbitted journal bearings, antifriction rolling element thrust bearings, and a variable capacity, field changeable volume
ratio (Vi) allow rotary compressors to operate in a wide variety of gas applications. Internally
or externally changeable volume ratio (V i) slide valves are available.

Vs

Vi = ----V )
K
2/02
PAGE 1 - 1
Rotary compressors have few moving parts, can run at high speeds, can accommodate a
wide range of compression ratios and operate with minimum pressure pulsations. They are
generally applied in low suction pressure applications, discharging into medium pressure
lines. To maintain high compression efficiency, care should be taken to operate the compressors as close to the installed slide valve volume ratio (Vi) as possible.
Lobe
Flute
Female
(Driven)
Rotor
Male
(Drive)
Rotor
FIGURE 1-2: MALE/FEMALE ROTOR PAIR (5/7 LOBE/FLUTE RATIO)

Oil is the lifeblood of rotary screw compressors. Catastrophic damage can occur to rotors,
bearings and mechanical seal without adequate oil quality, volume and viscosity. Oil selection is based on process gas composition, operating temperatures and pressures. If gas
composition or operating conditions change, lubrication selection, gas/oil separator operating temperature and counter thrust balance pressure must be re-evaluated.
During compressor operation, process gas will dilute the oil, reducing viscosity. Liquid and
solid contaminants in the suction gas stream must be effectively removed to minimize the
detrimental affects on the compressor and its oil system. Pressurized oil viscosity should
never be allowed to drop below the minimum requirement. Ariel rotary screw compressors
are designed for oil flooding of the compression chamber, with oil separation and recirculation, at minimal oil loss. Packager design and oil selection determines the amount of oil carryover (loss) downstream of the gas/oil separator.
This manual is designed to provide information on installation, start up, operation, maintenance and trouble shooting of an AR166, AR208, AR260 or AR260K compressor. If you
have any questions please contact your packager. If they are unable to provide resolution,
they will refer your questions to Ariel Corporation. If you prefer, you may always contact Ariel
directly (refer to Ariel Contact Information on page7-10).
This manual provides design specifications for standard current production equipment at
publication date. Do not exceed information plates ratings for a particular compressor.
PAGE 1 - 2
2/02
The data shown on the Information Plates is very important when communicating questions
concerning an Ariel compressor. (Refer to Figure 1-3: on page 1-3)
NOTE: USE SERIAL NUMBERS IN ALL CORRESPONDENCE.
NOTE: THE CURRENT DESIGN OF THE ARIEL ROTARY COMPRESSORS FEATURES
AN INTEGRAL OIL PUMP, MULTIPLE END COVERS, ANSI FLANGES AND
INCH NPT EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS.
NOTE: INTERNALLY CHANGEABLE V i MODELS REQUIRE CHANGE OUT OF THE
SLIDE VALVE TO CHANGE THE Vi OF THE UNIT. EXTERNALLY CHANGEABLE Vi MODELS REQUIRE CHANGE OUT OF A SPACER ONLY.
NOTE: THE ROTARY COMPRESSORS OFFER TWO OPTIONS FOR LOADING AND
UNLOADING: HYDRAULIC AND HANDWHEEL.
The various rotary compressor configurations are shown in Figure 1-4:, Figure 1-5: and Figure 1-6:.
Information
Plate
Multiple End Covers - N Version
FIGURE 1-3: AUXILIARY END VIEW SHOWING TYPICAL INFORMATION PLATE LOCATION
Operating Theory
The rotary compressors oil-flooded, twin screw design consists of a male rotor which
directly drives the female rotor. The male rotor lobes drive the female rotor flutes, as in a
spiral gear motion. The male rotor is driven by a prime mover (engine or motor), which can
be a direct drive or thru a speed increasing gear set. The female rotor is driven at a lesser
speed; 5/7 times male rotor speed. Rotor tip speeds are generally between 49 to 164 feet/
second (15 to 50 m/s).
The rotor length, diameter, lobe/flute and speed design determines compressor full load
capacity. The selected slide valve determines internal compression ratio. Slide valve axial
positioning control provides variable partial load capacities. Several slide valve/volume ratio
(Vi) choices are available for each compressor model. Depending upon the option chosen,
the volume ratio (Vi) is field internally-changeable by changing the slide valve or field externally-changeable using spacers provided with the unit.
2/02
PAGE 1 - 3
The internally changeable method requires changeout of the slide valve (refer to Figure 1-5:
on page 1-6) and the externally changeable method requires changeout of a spacer only
(refer to Figure 1-4: on page 1-6 and Figure 1-6: on page 1-7).
As the compressors twin rotors un-mesh, at the top, the flutes and lobe voids are exposed
to the suction gas stream and fill with gas. As the rotors turn out, the flutes and lobe voids
are closed and sealed by the rotor housing, creating spiral segmental compression chambers which move gas axially toward discharge. Oil is injected into the compression chambers after they close off from the suction pressure, to provide sealing, cooling and
lubrication. Rotor meshing, at the bottom, progressively reduces compression chambers volumes axially, to compress the gas/oil mixture. Rotor rotation exposes the compression
chambers to the (radial/axial) discharge port, moving the compressed gas/oil mixture out of
the compressor.
Discharge piping carries the compressed gas/oil mixture to a coalescing filter-separator
where the oil is separated from the process gas. The oil is piped to a cooler and re-circulated
to the compressor. Refer to Figure 4-1: on page 4-3 or Figure 4-2: on page 4-4.
PAGE 1 - 4
2/02
Specifications
TABLE 1-1: BASIC SPECIFICATIONS

MODEL
Male Rotor Diameter, in. (mm)
Number of Male Rotor Lobes
Number of Female Rotor Flutes
L/D Ratio
Operating Speed, RPM
Inlet Volume, CFM (m3/h)
Horsepower (kW)
Suction Pressure, psig (Barg)
AR166
AR208
6.54 (166)
8.19 (208)
Slide Valve Optionsa - Volume Ratio, Vi

Oil Filter - Bearing, Seal & Control Cylinder, nominal
Oil Filter - Rotor Injection, nominal
Recommended Oil Retention in Gas/Oil Separatorb
AR260
10.24 (260)
5
7
1.6
1148 To 5739 918 To 4591
To 600 (1019) To 950 (1614)
To 530 (394)
Discharge Pressure, psig (Barg)

Maximum Discharge Temperature
Height - Mounting Feet to Rotors 6, in. (mm)
Maximum Width, in. (m)
Maximum Length, in. (m)
Approximate Weight without Oil Pump, lb. (kg)
AR260K
1.2
1.6
735 To 3673
To 1080
To 1450
(1835)
(2464)
To 820 (612) To 950 (708) To 1270 (947)
To 115 (7.93)
To 362 (25.00)
8.661 (220)
19.7 (0.5)
41.9 (1.1)
1050 (470)
248F (120C)
10.827 (275)
13.386 (340)
23.6 (0.6)
28.3 (0.72)
50.1 (1.3)
55 (1.4)
59 (1.5)
1800 (820)
3100 (1400) 3300 (1500)
2.0, 2.2, 2.6, 3.5, 4.8
3 - 7 micron @ 98.7% Efficiency
15 - 16 micron @ 98.7% Efficiency
2 minutes
a. 2.0 Vi minimum, internally changeable slide valve only; 2.2 Vi minimum, externally changeable slide valve only.
b. Recommended time depends on separator design.
2/02
PAGE 1 - 5
Suction
Rotor
Slide Valve
Position Indicator
Hydraulic
Vi Spacer
Control Piston
Internal
By Pass
Slide
Valve
Discharge
Mechanical
Seal
FIGURE 1-4: TYPICAL SIDE VIEW CROSS-SECTION ANSI (HYDRAULICALLY CONTROLLED, EXTERNALLY CHANGEABLE [SPACER] Vi)
Suction
Rotor
Slide Valve
Position Indicator
Hydraulic
Control Piston
Mechanical
Seal
Internal By Pass
Slide Valve
Discharge
FIGURE 1-5: TYPICAL SIDE VIEW CROSS-SECTION ANSI (HYDRAULICALLY CONTROLLED, INTERNALLY CHANGEABLE [SLIDE VALVE] Vi)
PAGE 1 - 6
2/02
Suction
Rotor
Mechanical
Seal
Hand Wheel
Vi Spacer
Internal Bypass
Slide Valve
Discharge
FIGURE 1-6: TYPICAL SIDE VIEW CROSS-SECTION ANSI (HAND WHEEL CONTROLLED, EXTERNALLY
CHANGEABLE [SPACER] Vi)
Table 1-2: HAND WHEEL TURNS VS. SLIDE VALVE TRAVEL (20a TO 100% AXIAL POSITION)
AR166
AR208
AR260K
AR260
SLIDE
VALVEb
Vi
NO. OF
TURNS
TRAVEL
IN. (cm)
NO. OF
TURNS
TRAVEL
IN. (cm)
NO. OF
TURNS
TRAVEL
IN. (cm)
NO. OF
TURNS
TRAVEL
IN. (cm)
4.8
25
2.5 (6.4)
34
3.4 (8.6)
44
4.4 (11.2)
39
3.9 (9.9)
3.5
33
3.3 (8.4)
44
4.4 (11.2)
53
5.3 (13.5)
52
5.2 (13.2)
2.6
43
4.3 (11.0)
56
5.2 (13.2)
65
6.5 (16.5)
68
6.8 (17.3)
2.2
50
5.0 (12.7)
66
5.3 (13.5)
74
7.4 (18.8)
78
7.8 (19.8)
a. 20% position is against stop.

b. This table applies for externally changeable slide valves only.
2/02
PAGE 1 - 7
Product Information and Safety Plates

Unit Information plate: Ariel Corporation
address, Model number, Serial number,
Maximum Rated Speed, Maximum Suction Pressure, Maximum Discharge Pressure, original furnished Oil Pump Model
and Ariel shipping date. Safety Information. Inspectors tag.
Engine/Motor
Use suction flange tapped

holes to install two (2) eyebolts (furnished in tool box)
for lifting compressor separately
Center of Gravity
(Compressor Only)
AUXILARY END VIEW
Compressor Serial Number,

MAWP, Hydrostatic Test
Pressure, Test Date, Model
Number and Testers Personal Stamp are stamped on
rotor housing
Volume Ratio (Vi) Plate

Currently Installed Slide
Valve - Change/Date
TOP VEIW
Direction of Rotation
arrow, located at the
drive end
SIDE VIEW
DRIVE END VIEW
FIGURE 1-7: PRODUCT INFORMATION AND SAFETY - TYPICAL ARIEL ROTARY COMPRESSOR WITH
HAND WHEEL
PAGE 1 - 8
2/02
Important Safety Information
! CAUTION
SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE
CAN RESULT IF PRESSURE SYSTEM IS NOT
COMPLETELY VENTED BEFORE LOOSENING THE
BOLTS ON FLANGES OR FITTINGS TO PRESSURE
CONTAINING AREAS. CONSULT ARIEL TECHNICAL
MANUAL BEFORE PERFORMING ANY MAINTENANCE.
! CAUTION
NOISE GENERATED BY COMPRESSION MACHINERY
CAN BE A SOURCE FOR HEARING INJURY. SEE
PACKAGERS INFORMATION FOR ANY SPECIFIC
RECOMMENDATIONS. WEAR HEARING PROTECTION
WHEN UNIT IS RUNNING.
! CAUTION
HOT GAS TEMPERATURES, ESPECIALLY THE GAS
DISCHARGE AREAS, HOT OIL AND HIGH FRICTION
AREAS CAN BE A SOURCE FOR BURNS. WEAR PROPER
INSULATION WHEN WORKING AROUND THESE AREAS.
SHUT DOWN UNIT AND ALLOW TO COOL BEFORE
DOING MAINTENANCE IN THESE AREAS.
CAUTION
SURFACES MAY BE HOT AND CAN BE A SOURCE FOR
BURNS. WEAR PROPER INSULATION WHEN WORKING
AROUND THESE AREAS.
2/02
PAGE 1 - 9
Fastener Tightening Torque

Listed in the following tables are fastener tightening torque values, required for proper
assembly of an Ariel AR166, AR208 AR260K or AR260 compressor. Refer to the section
concerning a subject component for detailed assembly procedures.
Threads are to be clean and free of burrs.
Torque values are based on the use of petroleum type lubricants on both the threads and
seating surfaces. Use lubricating oil or Lubriplate 630 on threads and seating surfaces,
except where Loctite is specified. Molybdenum disulfide lubricants and Never-Seez are not
to be used for fastener lubrication, unless specified, or excessive stresses can result with
the listed values.
TABLE 1-3: CAPSCREW (OR STUD-NUT) TIGHTENING TORQUE VALUES

NOMINAL SIZE X
THREAD PITCH
M6 x 1
M8 x 1.25
M10 x 1.5
M12 x1.75
M16 x 2
M20 x 2.5
M24 x 3
M27 x 3
M30 x 3.5
M42 x 4.5
CLASS 8.8 OR 12.9 CAP SCREWa

(OR STUD-NUT)
SEATING DOG POINT STUDS
LB-FT
(Nm)
LB-FT
(Nm)
5 (60 LB-IN)
13 (156 LB-IN)
25
45
115
225
385
570
775
2170
(7)
(18)
(35)
(60)
(155)
(305)
(525)
(775)
(1050)
(2950)
2 (24 LB-IN)
5 (60 LB-IN)
11 (132 LB-IN)
19
48
93
160
240
320
905
(3)
(7)
(15)
(26)
(65)
(125)
(220)
(325)
(435)
(1230)
a. If applying this table to coupling retaining bolts, consult packagers information for proper torque values, based
on unit rating. Table values will provide bolting torque for maximum power transmission rating of compressor.
TABLE 1-4: OTHER FASTENERS - TIGHTENING TORQUE VALUES

APPLICATION
NOMINAL SIZE X
THREAD PITCH
LB-FT
(Nm)
Mechanical Seal Locknut
M60 x 2
60
(81)
M75 x 2
110
(149)
M90 x 2
160
(217)
M130 x 2
275
(373)
M16 x 2
40
(54)
M20 x 1.5
85
(115)
M5 x 0.8
1 (12 LB-IN)
(1.4)
Slide Valve - Nut

Slide Valve Position Indicator Mounting & Cover Screws
PAGE 1 - 10
2/02
TABLE 1-4: OTHER FASTENERS - TIGHTENING TORQUE VALUES

APPLICATION
NOMINAL SIZE X
THREAD PITCH
LB-FT
(Nm)
Slide Valve Piston/Rod Nut
M40 x 1.5
140
(190)
M85 x 2
185
(251)
Tightening Torque Procedures

Listed below are some procedures which make fastener tightening more accurate and will
help assure that the proper torque is being applied.
1.
Assure that the torque wrench is properly calibrated and used by qualified personnel to achieve the required fastener tightening torque for all critical parts.
2. Always check to determine over what range the torque wrench is accurate, since
most torque wrenches are not accurate over their entire range.
3. Tighten critical multi-bolt assemblies in steps. Tighten each bolt until snug using a
criss-cross pattern. Next, tighten each bolt to 25% of full torque, moving across from
bolt to bolt, in a criss-cross pattern. Repeat this step for 50%, 75%, and 100% of full
torque.
4. Always apply a steady slow force to a torque wrench, do not jerk it. When a torque
wrench is jerked the amount of torque applied can be as much as one and a half
times the amount set on the wrench. For example, if a wrench is set at 80 lb x ft
(108 Nm) but is jerked, 120 lb x ft (163 Nm) torque can be applied.
5. Always do the final tightening with a torque wrench. Do not tighten the fastener with
a ratchet or impact wrench and then "check" the torque with a torque wrench.
6. Do not double tap a torque wrench. Rapidly double tapping a torque wrench will
make the torque on the bolt more than what is set by a significant amount. If it is
desired to check the setting release all pressure on the wrench and then slowly
apply a steady force until the click is felt.
7. Always reset the torque wrench to its lowest setting when the job is complete. If the
torque wrench is left in a high setting the spring in it is stressed and will become
inaccurate with time. If the torque wrench is put back to its lowest setting the spring
will relax and retain its accuracy.
8. Do not use a torque wrench to break fasteners loose as it may overload the torque
wrench and/or cause loss of calibration.
9. For applications requiring the use of a boxed end or crowsfoot type adapter with a
torque wrench to reach not readily accessible fasteners, the torque wrench setting
will not be the actual torque applied to the fastener.1
10. The ratio of actual torque at the fastener with that on the wrench scale is a function
of the adapter's length and its position in relation to the torque wrench beam and
the location on that at which the force is applied (see Figure 1-8:).
L
Tw = T a -------------
L + A
1. The exception is when the adapter is 90 to the torque wrench. The torque will be the same as on the wrench
scale (see Figure 1-9:).
2/02
PAGE 1 - 11
Tw = Torque wrench setting, lb x ft or Nm

Ta = Torque required at fastener, lb x ft or Nm
L = Length of wrench, ft or m (from square drive end to center point of force on
handle)
A = Length of adapter, ft or m (measured through end of adapter on a line parallel to the center line of the wrench)
These are general guidelines to assist in the proper use of torque wrenches. Consult with
your torque wrench dealer for more detailed information.
FORCE
FIGURE 1-8: TORQUE WRENCH WITH ADAPTOR AT ANY ANGLE
FORCE
FIGURE 1-9: TORQUE WRENCH WITH ADAPTOR AT RIGHT ANGLE
Ariel Bolting
Bolts have been selected that meet Ariel's strength, elongation, sealing and locking requirements. Proper bolting must be used and tightened to the values listed in Table 1-3 and
Table 1-4 on page 10.
Figure 1-10: is provided to assist in the identification of bolts used in an Ariel compressor.
PAGE 1 - 12
2/02
12.9
8 .8
FIGURE 1-10: METRIC BOLT IDENTIFICATION - HEX SOCKET HEAD & 12 POINT, CLASS 8.8 OR 12.9
! CAUTION
WHEN RE-ASSEMBLING OR REPLACING BOLTING, SEE
THE PARTS LIST TO DETERMINE THE PROPER
FASTENER GRADE AND PART NUMBER. ALL SPECIAL
FASTENERS MUST BE REPLACED WITH ARIEL PARTS.
Alarm & Shutdown (also see Section 4)

Gas Discharge High Temperature Settings
A gas discharge high temperature shutdown is required. Set within 10% of normal operating
temperature, to a maximum of 238F (114C) alarm and 248F (120C) shutdown. High
temperature limits are based on rotating clearance requirements.
NOTE: EXCEEDING THE HIGH TEMPERATURE SHUTDOWN LIMITATION WILL
RESULT IN CATASTROPHIC EQUIPMENT FAILURE.
Storage and Transportation of Compressor

Protect compressor to prevent corrosion and seal to prevent exchange of atmosphere, when
inactive, in storage or when transporting. Consult Ariel for instructions to protect and seal
compressor to ER-25-1.
When transporting the packaged skid, remove the center section of the drive coupling.
2/02
PAGE 1 - 13
NOTES
PAGE 1 - 14
2/02
SECTION 2 - INSTALLATION
General
Compressor installation with the associated driver and piping, is to be done with care and
precision. This section does not attempt to address all of the concerns that can arise during
installation, but addresses many of the primary considerations.
Procedure For Setting and Aligning

The following points deserve special attention during the setting and alignment of the compressor:
1.
Be sure that driver will rotate compressor rotor drive shaft in proper direction,
prior to start-up. See Figure 1-7: on page 1-8, drive end view for rotation arrow.
NOTE: THE COMPRESSOR DRIVE SHAFT ROTATES CLOCKWISE WHEN

OBSERVER IS FACINIG THE COMPRESSOR DRIVE SHAFT END. ANY
REVERSE ROTATION CAN RESULT IN SERIOUS DAMAGE TO THE COMPRESSOR.
2.
The skid design should:

Transmit compressor and driver reaction forces to the foundation.
Assure that there is a sufficient mismatch between the shaking forces and the
natural frequency of the skid.
Have sufficient stiffness and strength so that the compressor can be mounted
flat with no bending or twisting of the compressor casing, and so that proper
compressor coupling alignment can be attained and maintained. This can be
accomplished by shims or careful grouting.
Setting
The following procedure is to be used for setting the compressor on the skid:
After finding the approximate position of the compressor frame, the mounting bolts are to be
tightened in place and then loosened. Shims are then to be adjusted so there is no movement more than a variation of 0.002 inches (0.05 mm) between the bottom of the feet and
the skid supports. Consult Packagers information for mounting bolt tightening torque values. This work must be performed prior to the addition of piping.
Alignment
Proper alignment is necessary for satisfactory performance. A flexible coupling will not make
up for poor alignment. Misalignment can result in:
2/02
PAGE 2 - 1
High bending moment on the compressor drive shaft

Large axial forces which reduce thrust bearing life
Excessive wear to the bearings
And if severe, probable damage to various components
An Ariel compressor may be aligned by any of a number of acceptable methods such as:
Face/peripheral
Reverse indicator
Across the disc pack
Optical
Laser
Mechanical direct to computer
When aligning a unit some procedural concerns are:
Soft foot (compressor and driver are not laying flat)

Repeatable readings
Which way indicator moves (plus or minus)
Thermal growth
Piping stresses
Indicator sag
When properly aligned the forces on the connected equipment will be at a minimum. This
will result in long bearing life and a smooth running unit. Consult Packagers information for
alignment procedure.
Vents and Drains1

It is critical, for the safe operation of the compressor, to assure that all vents and drains are
open, functional and, if necessary, tubed off of the skid or out of the building. Depending
upon your climate and insect population it can be necessary to install screens over the vents
and drains to assure that they do not become blocked. This can be essential if the compressor is shutdown for a long period of time.
Some other points are:
1.
2.
3.
A vent should be provided to safely relieve pressure from the system.

Adequate vents and drains are to be provided for mechanical seal weepage and
rotor housing oil drainage. All vents and drains must be installed in such a manner as to prevent the collection of liquids that could cause the build up of either
gas or liquid. When a gas heavier than air is involved, vent and drain design
must be accommodating.
Do not block view of mechanical seal weepage tube, as oil leakage rate is a
visual indication of seal condition.
1. Also see Section 4.
PAGE 2 - 2
2/02
Inlet Gas Debris Screens

Foreign matter in the gas stream can effect compressor wear and lubrication. Inlet gas
debris start-up screens with a maximum 75 micron (0.003 in.) openings are recommended
to be installed upstream of the compressor suction flange. These screens should be monitored by differential pressure and cleaned or replaced before differential pressure
approaches the collapse pressure of the screen.
Inlet Gas Liquids

Liquid water and gas condensates in the process gas stream have detrimental affects on oil
system gas/oil separator operating temperature and oil viscosity. Liquid slugging that can
adversely affect the compressorss mechanical operation and oil system must be effectively
removed or compressor damage will occur.
NOTE: SOLID AND LIQUID CONTAMINANTS IN THE PROCESS GAS SYSTEM MUST
BE EFFECTIVELY REMOVED UPSTREAM OF THE COMPRESSOR.
NOTE:
2/02
FREE LIQUIDS THAT ARE NOT REMOVED CAN BE PARTICULARLY TROUBLESOME IN LOW PRESSURE NATURAL GAS SERVICE APPLICATIONS.
MINERAL DEPOSITS (SALT AND CALCIUM) CAN BUILD UP ON THE SUCTION STRAINER SCREEN AND IN THE COMPRESSOR DUE TO DISSOLVED
MINERALS IN WATER SATURATED PROCESS GAS. THESE MINERALS
PLATE OUT WHEN WATER FLASHES OFF DUE TO PRESSURE DROP OR
HEAT.
PAGE 2 - 3
NOTES
PAGE 2 - 4
2/02
SECTION 3 - START UP
General
To ensure a smooth start up, it is important that the items in the Start Up Check List, provided in this section, be positively satisfied. It is also important that the operator understand
how to operate the compressor in a safe and efficient manner, prior to start up.
! CAUTION
BEFORE STARTING A NEW COMPRESSOR, OR AFTER RELOCATING OR RE-APPLYING A COMPRESSOR, OR AFTER
MAJOR OVERHAUL, BE SURE TO COMPLETE AND CHECK
OFF ALL THE ITEMS ON THE START UP CHECK LIST
SHOWN IN THIS SECTION. THIS LIST IS DESIGNED TO HELP
ASSURE SAFETY IN STARTING AND OPERATING THE COMPRESSOR.
CAUTION
FOR SAFE OPERATION, DO NOT ATTEMPT TO START-UP

THE UNIT WITHOUT BEING COMPLETELY KNOWLEGABLE
OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION. IT IS
ALSO ESSENTIAL TO REFER TO THE PACKAGERS OPERATING MANUAL.
2/02
PAGE 3 - 1
Start Up Check List

Compressor Model AR-__________ Serial No. R-___________ Slide Valve Vi ________
Slide Valve Control Activation: Hydraulic_____ Hand Wheel_____
Driver Manufacturer____________________Model _____________________________
Driver Rated Speed_____________________Speed Increasing Gear Ratio
Packager____________________________Packager Unit No.____________________
Date Packager Shipped________________Serviceman_________________________
Customer____________________________Start Up Date________________________
Location____________________________Field Contact________________________
Field Telephone No.___________________Unit Location________________________
Gas Service_______________________________
Compressor Oil - Make/Grade______________________________________________
Check List - Prior To Starting
YES
1. Are the correct Ariel parts book, technical manual, special

tools, Vi shims (externally changeable) and spares available?
_____
2. Have the design limitations for the compressor model such as

MAWP, maximum suction & discharge pressures, maximum &
minimum speed, discharge temperature been checked?
_____
3. Have the Packagers design operating conditions been reviewed? _____
Pressure, PSIG (kPa): Suction _________ Discharge_________
Temperature, F (C): Suction _________ Discharge_________
Maximum RPM__________
Minimum RPM___________
Current Gas Analysis Reviewed__________ SG__________
If start-up conditions are different, check with Packager or Ariel.
4. Soft Foot Check [max. allowable 0.002 (0.05 mm)]: Have the compressor
feet supports been shimmed so the machine is not twisted or bent? _____
5. Have compressor anchor bolts been re-torqued?
_____
6. Have the piping and supports been checked to be sure they do
not bend or stress compressor?
_____
7. Have coupling bolt torque values been rechecked?
_____
8. Has the compressor to driver alignment been checked?
_____
See compressor outline drawing for shaft thermal growth value.
9. Record coupling dial indicator readings in inches (mm) at the
3, 6, 9 & 12 oclock positions on lines provided:
Face
PAGE 3 - 2
NO
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
Rim
2/02

10. Does the compressor rotor turn freely?
YES
_____
NO
______
NOTE: ROTARY COMPRESSOR THRUST BEARING PRELOAD PRODUCES A NORMAL ZERO AXIAL THRUST. EXCESSIVE STUBSHAFT AXIAL FORCE,
PUSHING OR PULLING, WILL RESULT IN BEARING DAMAGE.
11. Has coupling center section been re-installed and has coupling been
inspected for excessive axial distortion forces, pushing or pulling? _____
12. Has preservation oil been drained from rotor housing?
_____
13. Have oil & gas systems been pressurized & leak tested?
_____
14. Has proper oil been installed that matches operating conditions
with a viscosity adequate for current gas analysis?
_____
15. Has oil supplier provided gas dilution versus predicted oil
viscosity information?
_____
16. Has the compressor oil system been filled with oil to the proper
level without over filling?
_____
17. Is the compressor oil supply isolation valve open?
_____
______
______
______
______
______
______
______
NOTE: CLEARLY LABEL UNIT WITH COMPRESSOR OIL MAKE/GRADE CURRENTLY

IN USE.
18. Does the compressor oil system low level shutdown work?
_____
19. Have the properly rated gas inlet separator, oil filters and strainers,
and separator coalescing elements been installed?
_____
20. Are the oil filter elements and all oil piping primed with oil?
_____
21. Is the low oil differential pressure shutdown installed and tubed
correctly to the bearing oil supply and scavenger oil gallery?
_____
22. Is the low oil differential pressure shutdown set & does it work?
_____
23. Is there an oil cooler? Note: Recommended compressor inlet oil
temperature is 150F (66C).
_____
24. Is the rotor injection oil temperature control valve setting appropriate for
start-up conditions?
_____
25. Is the oil temperature control valve piped for a mixing condition? _____
26. If so equipped, is there a working vibration shutdown mounted on
the compressor or drive train?
_____
27. Is there some method of suction pressure control upstream of the
compressor? (Maximum suction pressure = 115 psig)
_____
28. Are the suction and discharge pressure shutdowns set and
working?
_____
29. Are the safety relief valves installed and working to protect
compressor gas and oil piping systems?
_____
2/02
______
______
______
______
______
______
______
______
______
______
______
______
PAGE 3 - 3
YES
30. Is the gas high discharge temperature shutdown installed, set

at 10% above anticipated temperature & working?
_____
31. Is the mechanical seal leakage tubing installed, unplugged
and visible to determine if leakage occurs?
_____
32. Have the gas suction lines been blown out to remove
water, slag, dirt, etc.?
_____
33. Has strainer screen been installed upstream of compressor
suction?
_____
34. Were the compressor bearings and mechanical seal prelubed prior
to starting? Note: A prelube pump is required.
_____
35. Does the driver rotation match the compressor rotation arrow?
_____
36. For engine driven units, has the machine been rolled to make
sure it is free?
_____
37. For other drivers, has the machine been barred over by hand to
ensure it is rolling free?
_____
38. For machines compressing a combustible gas, has the piping
and compressor been purged to remove all air?
_____
39. Have start-up instructions for other package equipment been
followed?
_____
40. Has compressor slide valve (internally changeable) been moved to 0%
(unloaded) axial position, then hydraulic pressure released to verify
spring will move slide valve to about 20% axial (part load) position? _____
41. Has the compressor slide valve been moved back to zero percent or
minimum load position, to allow compressor to start-up unloaded? _____
42. Have bearing, mechanical seal and gas balance line operating
pressures been determined for normal operation & shut-down
settings?
_____
Bearing & Seal
Balance Line
PSIG (Barg):
Operating
Shut-Down
N/A
43. Has the Packagers representative reviewed the Packagers Start-Up
and Operating Instructions for the unit with the unit operator?
_____
Check List - After Starting
NO
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
____
_____
YES
NO
1. When idle speed is achieved, immediately load compressor to 25%

minimum slide valve axial position & increase minimum driver speed
if necessary to stabilize load. Did the compressor bearing oil pressure
come up immediately after loading compressor?
_____
2. Are the oil filters, bearing, mechanical seal, rotor injection, separator
and gas balance line pressure gauges working?
_____
_____
PAGE 3 - 4
_____
2/02
Check List - After Starting
YES
3. Are the oil filter differential pressures less than 30 psi (2.1 Barg),
unless otherwise specified.
____
4. Did the compressor develop discharge pressure when moving
slide valve from unloaded to loaded position?
____
5. Has the oil side of the slide valve control cylinder been purged of
gas and slide valve moved to an appropriate load position?
____
6. After the slide valve is in an appropriate load position, does it hold
that position?
____
7. Have compressor oil system regulating valves been adjusted
for minimum required bearing and slide valve hydraulic pressures? ____
8. Any strange noises or shaking in the compressor or piping?
____
9. Is the compressor system oil level within acceptable limits?
____
10. Are bearing and balance oil pressure above minimum
pressure required for current operating condition?
____
11. Is the high discharge temperature shutdown working?
____
12. Is the high discharge gas temperature shutdown set at approx.
10% above normal discharge temperature? 248F (120C) max.
____
Drops/minute. ____
13. Is the mechanical seal weep hole leaking oil?
14. Are there any other oil leaks? If so, where?
____
15. Are the scrubber dumps and high level shutdowns working?
____
16. Are the scrubber dumps removing all liquids from the gas without
obvious carryover?
____
17. Are there sands, oxides or other solid contaminants in the gas?
____
18. Is the overspeed shutdown set?
____
19. Is the mechanical seal sealing oil and gas properly at the shaft?
____
20. Has needle valve on separator filter scavenged oil line been
adjusted to show primarily gas movement at flow indicator?
____
21. Has counter thrust gas balancing pressure been adjusted for current
operating conditions?
____
22. Have all package safety functions been tested to ensure unit
shutdown upon malfunction?
____
23. After running compressor for 24 hours, are oil filter and separator
differential pressures less than maximum allowable?
____
24. Upon shutdown verify that compressor does not run in reverse
rotation for more than 2 seconds to assure check valve operation? ____
25. Has initial compressor operating data been recorded?
____
26. Has Ariels Compressor Warranty Notification and Installation
List Data form and a copy of this Start-up Check List and Log
Sheet been completed and mailed to Ariel?
____
2/02
NO
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
PAGE 3 - 5
Unit
Company/Location
TABLE 3-1: TYPICAL LOG SHEET

&#6'6+/'
Operator
Suction Pressure, psig ( Barg)
Suction Temperature, F (C)
Discharge Pressure, psig (Barg)
Discharge Temperature, F (C)
Driver Speed, RPM
Compressor Speed, RPM
Slide Valve Axial Position (% or number of turns)
Gas Flow Rate, MMSCFD (m3/sn)
Driver Load, HP (kW)
Bearing Oil Pressure, psi (Barg)
Bearing Oil Filter Differential, psi ( Barg)
Compressor Bearing Oil Supply Temperature, F (C)
Rotor Injection Oil Filter Differential, psi
(Barg)
System Oil Temperature, F (C)
Gas Balance Pressure, psig ( Barg)
Separator Coalescing Filter
Differential, psi (Barg)
Coalescing Scavenged Oil Line Valve
Adjusted & Flow Observed
Mechanical Seal Weep Rate,
drops/minute
System Oil Level
Compressor Oil Added, gal. (L)
Remarks:
PAGE 3 - 6
2/02
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure

All Ariel Rotary Compressors have a "Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP)." The
MAWP, the hydrostatic test pressure, and the test date are stamped on every rotor housing,
adjacent to the suction cover or on the suction end (see Figure 1-7: on page 1-8).
! CAUTION
OPERATING CONDITIONS MUST NOT EXCEED COMPRESSOR DESIGN LIMITATIONS.
API Standard 619, Third Edition, June 1997, Paragraph 3.1.18 defines "Maximum Allowable
Working Pressure" as follows:
"Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP): The maximum continuous
pressure for which the manufacturer has designed the equipment (or any part to
which the term is referred), when handling the specified fluid at the maximum
specified temperature."
Relief Valve Settings

It is the responsibility of the packager to provide relief valves to protect equipment, piping
and oil separator in compliance with API Standard 619, paragraphs 5.4.3.6.1 and 5.4.3.6.3.
Maximum relief valve settings are not to exceed the MAWP rating of the compressor or piping components whichever is less.
Filling and Priming an Oil Lube Oil System - Before Starting

Filling The System
1.
2.
2/02
Fill the oil filters, piping and gas/oil separator to a level high on the sight glass.
Run the prelube pump to assure system is filled, and bearings and seals are
pre-lubed. Bleed piping and cooler high points vents to remove trapped air pockets. Check sight glass on separator. Oil level at start-up could be high or low on
the site glass depending on component elevation. DO NOT OVERFILL. Proper
oil system level is to be checked after compressor is operating when temperatures and pressures have stabilized and should be mid-point of the site glass,
during normal operation.
PAGE 3 - 7
Slide Valve Positioning - Hydraulic

On compressors furnished with hydraulically positioned slide valves, valve position may be
hydraulically changed, from 100% to minimum axial position with the compressor running or
stopped, to adjust the compressor's capacity. Hydraulic pressure, at a pressure greater than
discharge pressure, is used to move the slide valve in an unload direction. Spring tension
and/or discharge pressure exert a force on the slide valve in the load direction. Individual
compressor package design determines whether slide valve hydraulic oil is ported with manually operated valves or is integrated into the control system's automation using remote
actuated valves. Refer to Figure 3-1: on page 3-9.
Theory of Operation
To unload, open the in shutoff valve (bottom connection) with the out shutoff valve closed
(top connection). Compressor oil enters the hydraulic cylinder moving the slide valve toward
the discharge end to unload.
To hold, close both the in and out shutoff valves. Oil is captured in the cylinder and holds
the slide valve in position.
To load, open the out shutoff valve with the in shutoff valve closed. Discharge gas moves
the slide valve toward the suction end, discharging oil into the rotor housing to load.
PAGE 3 - 8
2/02
Oil - Out
Axial
Position
Indicator
Oil - In
Control Piston
at 25%
100%
(Full Load)
25% 0%
Slide Valve
at 25%
Yellow
Pointer
100% Axial Position Full Load
25% Axial Position Min. Continuous Load
0% (Unloaded)
Axial Position Indicator - Pointer
FIGURE 3-1: SLIDE VALVE AXIAL POSITIONING - TYPICAL HYDRAULICALLY CONTROLLED INTERNALLY
CHANGEABLE Vi
Visual Position Indicator (Yellow Pointer), Internally Changeable

Models
The yellow pointer provides visual indication of the slide valve's axial position from 0% to
100%. The axial position is set to 0% for start-up, and is then adjusted for 25% to 100% for
continuous operation. (Refer to Figure 3-1:). The pointer is shaft mounted with a set screw
friction fit and can be adjusted for accuracy to match 0% or 25% and 100%. See "Slide
Valve Axial Position Indicator Transducer" on page 5-8 for more details.
Visual Position Indicator (Yellow Pointer), Externally Changeable Models

The yellow pointer provides visual indication of the slide valves axial position from 20% to
100%. A 20% position stop limits the travel to a 20% minimum position and the slide valve
spring is not used. (Refer to Figure 5-9: on page 5-11 and Figure 5-10: on page 5-11 for
Hand Wheel Controlled and Hydraulically Controlled versions, respectively). The axial posi2/02
PAGE 3 - 9
tion is set to minimum (20%) for start-up and is then adjusted for 25% to 100% for continuous operation. The pointer is shaft mounted with a set screw friction fit and can be adjusted
for accuracy to match 20% or 25% or 100%. See See Slide Valve Axial Position Indicator
Transducer on page 5-8. for more details.
NOTE: WHEN THE Vi SPACER IS CHANGED, THE INDICATOR RANGE STICKER
MUST ALSO BE CHANGED.
Slide Valve Positioning at Start-up

Prior to starting, operate the prelube oil pump to provide control cylinder hydraulic pressure
and position hydraulic valve to move slide valve to the minimum (unloaded) position, see
Figure 4-1: on page 4-3. Position the hydraulic valve to maintain slide valve in the minimum
position during start-up. Position other oil system valves, as required, for normal operations.
After starting, and as soon as idle speed is achieved, immediately load compressor to 25%
minimum slide valve axial position which is done by removing oil from the cylinder. The slide
valve's internal spring will position the internally changeable slide valve, or the fixed stop for
externally changeable, to approximately the 20% axial position, then the developed discharge gas pressure will continue to move the slide valve toward the full load position. When
the 25% position is achieved, position hydraulic valve to hold the slide valve at this position.
Bearing oil pressure and discharge pressure should increase immediately after loading the
compressor.
NOTE: COLD OIL EXITING THE CONTROL CYLINDER WILL DRAMATICALLY
INCREASE SLIDE VALVE POSITIONING TIME COMPARED TO HOT OIL. IT MAY
BE NECESSARY TO HEAT TRACE AND INSULATE CONTROL CYLINDER OIL
TUBING LINES FOR COLD WEATHER APPLICATIONS.
After compressor is up to rated speed, the slide valve may be moved to an appropriate load
position by operating the hydraulic valve to relieve hydraulic oil pressure in the cylinder. Discharge gas pressure will move the slide valve toward the full load position. See "Theory of
Operation" on page 3-8 for more details regarding unload, hold & load.
NOTE: ANY OIL LEAKAGE OUT OF THE SINGLE ACTING CONTROL CYLINDER OR
ACROSS THE CONTROL PISTON SEALING RING WILL MOVE THE SLIDE
VALVE TOWARD THE FULL LOAD POSITION.
Slide Valve Positioning - Hand Wheel

The slide valve position may be manually changed, from 100% to 20% axial position with the
compressor running or stopped, to adjust the compressor's capacity. A manual hand wheel
is used to move the slide valve in both load and unload directions, using a non-rising stem
design. A stem locking device is used to hold the slide valve in a given position. The slide
valve's axial position is determined by counting the number of hand wheel turns, as shown in
Table 1-2 on page 1-7. Refer to Figure 3-2: on page 3-12.
The slide valve cylinder piston's seal ring is designed for oil pressure containment. Filtered,
pressured compressor oil is connected to the control cylinder, on the slide valve piston's
PAGE 3 - 10
2/02
hand wheel side, as a balancing force during hand wheel operation. Discharge pressure
always exerts a force on the slide valve in the load direction. Refer to Figure 4-2: on page 44 for the balance oil connection details.
For ease of hand wheel operation the cylinder uses a balancing oil line, to allow for oil displacement and oppose discharge pressure forces on the slide valve. Oil fills the control cylinder as the slide valve moves toward the discharge end (unload position), and oil empties
from the control cylinder as the slide valve moves toward the suction end (load position). Filtered oil also lubricates the piston's wear bands and sealing ring.
This slide valve cylinder design may allow for the conversion between manual & hydraulic
slide valve operation, with a minimum of conversion components. Contact Ariel for conversion details.
Theory of Operation
To unload the compressor, the slide valve can be adjusted when the compressor is pressurized and operating. To adjust capacity, loosen the stem locking device, so the stem is free to
turn. Turn the stem by using the hand wheel on the outboard shaft end. When facing the
hand wheel, turn the wheel counter-clockwise to unload, moving slide valve toward discharge end.
To hold the slide valve position, re-tighten the stem locking device to the torque value shown
in Table 1-4 on page 1-10.
To load the compressor, the slide valve can be adjusted when the compressor is pressurized and operating. To adjust capacity, loosen the stem locking device, so the stem is free to
turn. Turn the stem by using the hand wheel on the outboard shaft end. When facing the
hand wheel, turn hand wheel clockwise to load, moving slide valve toward suction end.
To hold the slide valve position, re-tighten the stem locking devise to the torque value shown
in Table 1-4 on page 1-10.
2/02
PAGE 3 - 11
Hand Wheel
Balance Piston
Balance Cylinder
Vi Spacer
Slide Valve
20% Position Stop
FIGURE 3-2: SLIDE VALVE AXIAL POSITIONING - TYPICAL HAND WHEEL CONTROLLED
Slide Valve Positioning at Start-up

Prior to starting, unload the compressor by moving the slide valve to a 20% axial position
against the internal stop pin (refer to Figure 3-2:). After starting and when compressor is at
rated speed, move the slide valve to a load position appropriate for the operating conditions.
See "Theory of Operation" on page 3-11 for more details regarding unload, hold and load.
Balance Oil Connection

Beginning December, 2000, all AR model rotary compressors with the hand wheel option
are shipped with the slide valve cylinders balance oil connections plugged. The Packager is
responsible for installing this line to the rotor injection oil supply, downstream of appropriate
filtration but upstream of the rotor injection oil flow check and regulating valves. Refer to Figure 4-2: on page 4-4 for a detailed illustration of oil flow.
Compressors with hand wheel capacity control can change the slide valves axial position by
manually turning the hand wheel, in both the load and unload directions, between 100% (full
load) and 25% (minimum continuous load). Discharge pressure always exerts a force on the
slide valve, in the load direction, that is opposed by balance oil pressure. Filtered, pressurized compressor oil is connected to the slide valve control cylinder, on the pistons hand
wheel side, as a balancing force during hand wheel operation.
For ease of hand wheel operation, the cylinder uses a balancing oil line to allow for oil displacement and to oppose discharge pressure forces on the slide valve. Oil fills the control
cylinder as the slide valve moves toward the discharge end (unload position) and oil empties
from the control cylinder as the slide valve moves toward the suction end (load position).
This filtered oil supply also lubricates the pistons wear bands and sealing ring.
PAGE 3 - 12
2/02
Ariel recommends using rotor injection oil for control cylinder balancing because this pressure is approximately discharge pressure. This pressure balance minimizes the manual
torque requirement when unloading the compressor. Earlier designs, with balance oil tubed
from the bearing oil supply resulted in excessive torque requirements when this pressure
was substantially less than the discharge pressure.
During operation, compressor oil is always diluted by process gas, similar to a carbonated
drink. Gas will flash out of the oil as pressure is reduced. The presence of flashed gas in the
control cylinder can result in a compressible gas pocket in the control cylinder. A large gas
pocket can generate alternating loads on the hand wheels threaded rod that may result in
galled threads and difficulty adjusting slide valve position. Ariel recommends connection of
the balance oil tubing to the cylinders top port. A top connection acts like a high point vent
as oil exits the cylinder. The bottom connection can still be used for manual oil draining of
the control cylinder. Refer to Figure 3-3: for balance oil connection details.
Balance Oil
Connection
Balance
Piston
Balance
Cylinder
Locating
Dowel
Lock washer
and Nut
Crank
Handle
Hand
Wheel
Oil Drain
Plug
Cylinder
Mounting
Bolts
Vi Spacer
Oil Drain
Plug
Slide Valve
20% Position
Stop
+)74' .+&' #.8' #.#0%' +.

100'%6+105
Built In Volume Ratio Changes - Internally Changeable Vi

With an internally changeable volume ratio (Vi) slide valve cylinder, the compressor's built in
Vi can be changed by installing the appropriate slide valve. There are four different slide
valve volume ratios (Vi = 2.0, 2.6, 3.5, 4.8) that are interchangeable within each compressor
model. Control cylinder removal is required to access the slide valve to piston rod bolted
connection for slide valve replacement. Compressors, equipped with internally changeable
slide valves, are supplied with a specific slide valve Vi to match the initial operating conditions. If operating condition changes requiring a change in Vi, it will be necessary to purchase a new slide valve with the required V i.
Refer to Section 5 - Maintenance for illustrations and details.
2/02
PAGE 3 - 13
Built In Volume Ratio Changes - Externally Changeable

Vi
With an externally changeable volume ratio (V i) slide valve cylinder, a fixed Vi slide valve is
used but does not have to be changed out as does the internally changeable type. The compressor's built in Vi can be changed by installing the appropriate external Vi spacer (Vi = 2.2,
2.6, 3.5, 4.8), which locates the slide valve (discharge port) at the required volume ratio
position. Compressors, equipped with externally changeable slide valves, are supplied with
all shim-spacers and the hardware required to adjust to all V i options.
Refer to Section 5 - Maintenance for illustrations and details.
Thrust Balance System

The thrust balance pressure system provides an adjustable counter thrust force to maximize
male rotor thrust bearing life. The thrust balance system consists of a tubing line connected
to discharge pressure, an adjustment valve and a pressure gauge to apply a specific pressure to the balance piston mounted on the male rotor's suction end.
NOTE: FAILURE TO SET THE BALANCE LINE PRESSURE FOR THE CURRENT
OPERATING CONDITIONS WILL SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASE THE LIFE
EXPECTANCY OF THE THRUST BEARINGS. ARIEL STRESSES THE IMPORTANCE OF PROPERLY ADJUSTING AND MAINTAINING THRUST BALANCE
PRESSURES TO OPTIMIZE MALE ROTOR THRUST BEARING LIFE AND TO
PREVENT PREMATURE BEARING FAILURE.
Thrust Balance Pressure Adjustment

Rotor thrust forces on a rotary compressor are a function of suction pressure, discharge
pressure and installed volume ratio. Ariel rotary compressors are furnished with a thrust-balancing feature that allows the application of an opposing thrust force, through the use of
adjustable gas pressure against a thrust balance piston. This balance piston is mounted on
the male rotors suction end. When balance gas pressure is applied, bearing thrust is
reduced. Maintaining a thrust balance pressure appropriate for current operating conditions
is important to minimize thrust loads and to achieve long term compressor run time. The
Ariel Rotary Screw Performance program provides target thrust balance pressures.
A change in compressor thrust force is more dependent on a change in suction pressures
than on a change in discharge pressures. Maintaining proper thrust balance pressures on
compressors with a normal operation suction pressure of 30 psig (2.1 Barg) and higher
should be given utmost attention. Generally, a slightly higher thrust balance pressure than
the target pressure is best. Ariels target thrust balance pressure is the minimum pressure
setting for a given set of operating conditions.
Thrust balance pressure is read on the gauge shown in Figure 3-4:. The pressure is
adjusted by opening or closing the manual valve. Check the thrust balance pressure as part
of the daily routine and adjust the pressure to match the target pressure for the current operating conditions.
PAGE 3 - 14
2/02
Thrust Balance
Pressure Gauge
Balance Pressure
Adjustment Valve
FIGURE 3-4: THRUST BALANCE PRESSURE GAUGE AND ADJUSTMENT VALVE
Gas/Oil Separator Coalescing Filter - Scavenged Oil Line

Flow Adjustment
The gas/oil separator coalescing filter removes residual oil from the discharge gas stream.
The oil scavenge line is necessary to minimize oil accumulation on the downstream side of
the coalescing filter. A metering valve, check valve, flow indicator and a 75 micron (0.003
in.) strainer or filter are to be located in the scavenged oil line to return the downstream coalescing filter oil to the compressor. See Figure 4-1: on page 4-3 and Figure 4-2: on page 4-4.
With the compressor at normal operating conditions, adjust the valve to show gas flow
movement into the compressor with minimal oil inclusion. If 100% of coalesced oil is not
removed from the downstream side of the filter, the oil level will increase. The result is oil
carry-over due to reduced filter cross-sectional area and excessive gas velocity through the
filter. Excessive scavenged gas flow will reduce compressor performance due to the recycled gas. Insufficient scavenged oil flow will reduce coalescing filter performance resulting in
oil carry-over with discharge gas stream.
Sour Gas Service with over 100 ppm to 2% H 2S or Other

Dangerous Gases
It is not recommended that single seal Ariel rotary screw compressors be used in Sour Gas
Service with over 100 ppm H2S or other dangerous gas service. Single seal Ariel rotary
screw compressors may not be used in Sour Gas Service over 2% H 2S.
2/02
PAGE 3 - 15
If an Ariel rotary screw compressor is used in H2S sour gas (between 100 ppm to 2%) or
other dangerous gas service, it is the responsibility of the end user to provide all the necessary safety equipment, procedures and training to protect personnel from gas leakage.
When operating Ariel Rotary compressors in dangerous gas service, at shutdown the compressor must be immediately blown down to remove all dangerous gases, i.e. vented, and/or
purged with a non-toxic gas to prevent danger to personnel.
Compressor Re-Application
NOTE: IF ANY OF THE CONDITIONS LISTED BELOW CHANGE, CONSULT YOUR
PACKAGER AND/OR ARIEL FOR ANY HARDWARE AND/OR DOCUMENTATION CHANGES THAT ARE REQUIRED. PERFORMANCE, VOLUME RATIO,
OIL PUMP FLOW AND LUBE OIL RATE MUST BE RE-CALCULATED.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Gas pressures, temperatures or flow requirements.

Gas properties.
Driver type, speed or torque.
Re-location of compressor to a different site.
PAGE 3 - 16
2/02
SECTION 4 - OIL SYSTEM, LUBRICATION &

VENTING
General
The oil system is vital for successful operation of rotary screw compressors and deserves
special attention in the package design and operation. Ariel oil flooded rotary screw compressors utilize a pressurized, filtered, recirculation oil system. Oil is supplied to the compressor thorough rotor injection and various oil connections.
Oil flooding of the compression chamber is supplied at rotor injection. Pumped oil supplies
lubrication to the bearings, oil to the mechanical seal and provides hydraulic power to position the slide valve. Pumped oil is scavenged in the compression chamber at an internal
pressure less than rotor injection. The compressor oil system provides the following major
functions:
1. Seals the internal running clearances and mechanical seal.
2. Absorbs the heat of compression.
3. Lubrication of rotors, bearings and mechanical seal.
4. Hydraulic power - to move slide valve.
The process gas will dilute the oil, both mineral and synthetic, resulting in reduced viscosity.
The pressurized oil viscosity reduction can be predicted and will remain stable provided that
gas composition, pressure and temperature do not change and that any liquids are effectively removed from the gas prior to compressor suction.
Careful consideration must be given to proper lubrication selection. The degree of compressor oil dilution/saturation by the process gas stream is influenced by the following factors:
1.
Process gas composition/Specific Gravity (SG) - usually the higher the SG, the
greater the oil dilution.
2. Discharge gas pressure - the higher the pressure, the greater the oil dilution.
3. Discharge gas temperature - the higher the gas/oil separator reservoir temperature, the less the oil dilution.
4. Lubricant selection - some oil types are more prone to dilution.
Lubricants commonly used in oil flooded rotary compressors include petroleum based oils
and synthetic fluids. Lubricant additives are used to improve the viscosity index, inhibit oxidation, depress the lubricant pour point, inhibit rust formation, improve detergency, provide
anti-wear protection, provide extreme pressure protection, improve lubricity, decrease
effects of gas dilution, increase wetability, and resist washing of the lubricant due to
water, wet or saturated gas, or dilutive properties of the gas stream.
Viscosity index is a measure of the ability of an oil to resist the thinning effect caused
by increasing the oil temperature.
2/02
PAGE 4 - 1
SECTION 4 - OIL SYSTEM, LUBRICATION & VENTING
Lubricity is the slipperiness or ability of a lubricant to decrease friction.

Wetability is a measure of the ability of the lubricant to adhere to metal surfaces. An
increase in wetability increases the lubricants resistance to washing effects.

Pressure gauges are required for monitoring pressure drop across all oil filters.
Compressor oil should be changed at regular maintenance intervals or when oil sample
results indicate the need. A more frequent oil change interval may be required if operating in
an extremely dirty environment or if the oil supplier recommends it. Oil sampling should be
performed on a regular basis to verify suitability of oil for continued service. Degradation to
the next lower viscosity grade below the original viscosity or an increase in viscosity to the
next higher grade requires a complete oil change.
NOTE: THESE OIL RECOMMENDATIONS ARE GENERAL GUIDELINES. IF THE RECOMMENDED LUBRICANTS OR FLOW RATES DO NOT APPEAR TO WORK
ADEQUATELY, FLOW RATES AND/OR LUBRICANT TYPES MAY NEED TO BE
CHANGED. PLEASE CONTACT THE OIL SUPPLIER FOR SPECIFIC LUBRICANT RECOMMENDATIONS.
Lubricants
It is not Ariels policy to recommend any particular type or brand of oil. There are many companies who specialize in recommending blended or synthetic oil for a given application.
These consultants given the gas composition analysis and operating conditions conduct
proprietary flash gas and dilution calculations to determine proper lubrication and heat
removal, as well as oxidation inhibition, rust and corrosion inhibition, and anti-wear properties. Use of an experienced reliable lubricant consulting service is recommended.
Compressor bearings are designed to operate with an optimum kinematic viscosity of 112
SUS (23 cSt) at compressor casing oil inlet port.
The minimum kinematic viscosity at operating conditions is 80 SUS (15 cSt). Compressor operation with oil viscosity below 112 SUS (23 cSt) will cause lubrication and
sealing deterioration.
The maximum kinematic viscosity at operating conditions is 142 SUS (30 cSt).
Once a rotary compressor oil viscosity is selected, operating viscosity is affected by temperature and pressure in the gas/oil separator, plus ingested liquid contaminants in the suction
gas stream.
Additives must not be corrosive to lead or copper base bearing materials.

Automatic transmission fluids (ATF) and used engine oils are not to be used for rotary compressor oils.
PAGE 4 - 2
2/02
Process
Gas
Suction
High
Lo
Piping
By Ariel
To Scavenger
From
Separator
Vent to
Safe
Atmosphere
Slide Valve Hydraulic Cylinder

Lube
Oil
Piping
By Pkgr.
Process
Gas Discharge
Ariel Twin Screw

Rotary Compressor
Load
To Mech
anical
Seal w/
Orifice
Gas/Oil
Separator
To Rotor
Injection
Oil Cooler
FIGURE 4-1: TYPICAL LUBE OIL SYSTEM - HYDRAULIC SLIDE VALVE CONTROL CYLINDER
TABLE 4-1: ILLUSTRATION LEGENDS FOR FIGURE 4-1
GAS CONNECTIONS
OIL CONNECTIONS
A1. Suction Flange

B1. Main Oil Supply
A2. Discharge Flange B2. Rotor Oil Injection - Female
B3. Rotor Oil Injection - Male
B4. Scavenge Oil
B5. Mechanical
Seal/Thrust Bearing
Oil
2/02
PUMP CONNECTIONS INSTRUMENTATION

P1. Oil Pump Suction
P2. Oil Pump Discharge
PI. Pressure Indicator

PDSLL. Pressure
Differential Switch
LoLo - Oil Supply
TE. Temperature
Element
TSHH. Temperature
Switch - HiHi (Oil
Supply/Discharge)
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
1. Inlet Scrubber
2. Check Valve
3. Strainer - Conical,
Gas
4. Shutoff Valve
5. Flow Indicator
6. Relief Valve
7. Pressure Control
Valve
8. Needle Valve - Flow
Control
9. Prelube Pump
10. Integral Oil PumpFemale Rotor Drive
11. Coalescing Filter

12. Differential Pressure
Gauge/Indicator
13. Oil Filter
14. Orifice
15. Temp Control Valve
16. Back-Pressure Control Valve
17. Unload Valve - Oil In
18. Loading Valve - Oil
Out
19. Oil Strainer-60 Mesh
20. Trim Valve - Temp
Control Valve
PAGE 4 - 3
Process Gas Suction
Piping
Piping
By Ariel By Pkgr.
To
Scavenge
From
Separator
Ariel Twin Screw

Rotary Compressor
Slide Valve
Hand Wheel
Cylinder
Lube Oil
Vent to
Safe
Atmosphere
Process
Gas Discharge
To Mechanical
Seal w/ Orifice
To Slide Valve
Cylinder - Balance Line Bi-Directional
Oil Flow
Gas/Oil
Separator
To Rotor
Injection
Oil Cooler
FIGURE 4-2: TYPICAL LUBE OIL SYSTEM - HAND WHEEL SLIDE VALVE CONTROL
TABLE 4-2: ILLUSTRATION LEGENDS FOR FIGURE 4-2
GAS CONNECTIONS OIL CONNECTIONS PUMP CONNECTIONS INSTRUMENTATION
A1. Suction Flange
A2. Discharge Flange
PAGE 4 - 4
B1. Main Oil Supply P1. Oil Pump Suction

P2. Oil Pump Discharge
B2. Rotor Oil Injection - Female
B3. Rotor Oil Injection - Male
B4. Scavenge Oil
B5. Mechanical Seal/
Thrust Bearing Oil
PI. Pressure Indicator

PDSLL. Pressure Differential Switch LoLo Oil Supply
TE. Temperature Element
TSHH. Temperature
Switch - HiHi (Oil Supply/Discharge)
SYSTEM COMPONENTS
1. Inlet Scrubber
2. Check Valve
3. Strainer - Conical,
Gas
4. Shutoff Valve
5. Flow Indicator
6. Relief Valve
7. Not Used
8. Needle Valve - Flow
Control
9. Prelube Pump
10. Integral Oil Pump Female Rotor Drive
11. Coalescing Filter
12. Differential Pressure

Gauge/Indicator
13. Oil Filter
14. Orifice
15. Temperature Control
Valve
16. Back-Pressure Control Valve
17. Not Used
18. Loading Valve - Oil
Out
19. Oil Strainer - 60 Mesh
20. Trim Valve - Temperature Control Valve
2/02
Petroleum Based Oils - also referred to as mineral oils:

Paraffinic - higher wax content, better resistance to thinning at higher operating temperatures than napthenic.
Napthenic - (as compared to paraffinic) lower wax content, better flowability at low temperatures for cold start-ups, lower resistance to thinning at higher operating temperatures, better
solvency, lower life/oxidation stability.
Animal fat and vegetable oil additives are not be used in rotary screw compressors.
Synthetic Lubricants
Synthetic lubricants are man-made materials with more consistent, controlled chemical
structures than petroleum lubricants. This improves predictability of viscosity and thermal
stability. Synthetic lubricants can be designed with better dilution resistance, better oxidation
resistance, better lubricity, better film strength, natural detergency, lower volatility, and
results in decreased operating temperatures. These attributes can help to decrease rotor
injection feed rate requirements. Justification for the use of synthetic lubricants is based on
energy savings, reduced lubricant usage, increased component life, decreased equipment
downtime, and reduced maintenance/labor. Some synthetic lubricants can be used in the
compressor lubrication. Consult with the lubricant supplier before using these lubricants in
the compressor.
2/02
Synthesized Hydrocarbons - polyalphaolefins (PAO) can be used as compressor

lubricants:
1. Compatible with mineral oils.
2. Compatible with viton.
3. Generally not water soluble.
4. Diluted by heavy hydrocarbon gases.
5. Requires additives to improve detergent action and improve seal compatibility.
6. Soluble in some gases. Verify application with lubricant supplier.
7. Compatible with Viton and HNBR - Buna N (high end acrylonitrile-butadiene).
Organic Esters - diesters and polyolesters:
1. Compatible with mineral oils
2. Incompatible with some rubbers (O-rings), plastics, and paints. Compatible with
Viton.
3. Primarily used in air compressors.
Polyglycols - polyalkylene glycols (PAG), polyethers, polygylcolethers, and polyalkylene glycol ethers:
1. Not compatible with mineral oils, some plastics and paints. Requires complete system flush when changing to or from polyglycols. Contact oil supplier for flushing details.
2. Can be water soluble - must verify application with lubricant supplier.
3. Resistant to hydrocarbon gas dilution. Excellent wetability.
4. Poor inherent oxidation stability and corrosion protection - requires additives.
PAGE 4 - 5

5.
6.
Compatible with Viton and HNBR - Buna N (high end acrylonitrile-butadiene).

Not recommended for air compressors.
Auxiliary Equipment
Lube Oil Strainer
The strainer is located between the pump suction and the oil cooler. The strainer basket
should be taken out and washed in an appropriate solvent whenever the lubricating oil is
changed.
Oil Cooler
All compressors must have an oil cooler. Maximum allowable oil temperature into the compressor is determined by the process gas dew point, operating conditions and the type of oil.
Oil temperature into the compressor is recommended to be 150F (65C). The packager is
responsible for sizing a proper oil cooler. Operating conditions which must be taken into
account are; the cooling medium, cooling medium temperature, cooling medium flow rate,
lube oil temperature, lube oil flow rate, gas temperatures and gas compression capacities.
Oil heat rejection data for each application is determined from the Ariel Rotary Compressor Performance Program (contact your Packager or Ariel when you need this information). The cooler should be mounted as close to the compressor as possible, with piping
of adequate size to minimize pressure drop of both the oil and the cooling medium.
Temperature Control Valve

For proper operation of the oil system a temperature control valve is required. The maximum
differential pressure between the hot oil supply line (point B) and the cooled oil return line
(point C) is to be 10 psi (0.7 bar). Refer to Figure 4-1: Ariel recommends installation of the
temperature control valve in the mixing mode.
The recommended oil injection temperature is 150F (65C) at the compressor oil inlet ports.
An oil temperature of 150F (65C) is the minimum temperature required to drive off water
vapor. Normally select a temperature control valve with a 150F (65C) nominal temperature
setting. If operating conditions dictate otherwise, contact Ariel Application Engineering (refer
to Ariel Contact Information on pa ge7-10 for contact information.
Cold Ambient Temperatures

If a compressor is exposed to cold ambient temperatures, the oil system must be designed
so the unit may be safely started with adequate oil flow to the compressor bearings and
mechanical seal. Temperature controlled cooler by-pass valves, oil heaters, cooler louvers
and even buildings may be needed to assure successful operation.
Oil filter differential pressure increases significantly with oil viscosity greater than 2275 SUS
(500cSt). The maximum viscosity of the lube oil for cold ambient temperature starting withPAGE 4 - 6
2/02
out pump cavitation is 7,275 SUS (1600 cSt) provided that all external piping is heat traced
and insulated. Minimum start up temperatures for full or semi-synthetic lubricants can be
reduced based on viscosity index. Start up oil viscosity must be sufficiently low to prevent
pump, filter, bearing or mechanical seal damage.
When electric oil immersion heaters are used with mineral oils, the watt density of the heater
element should not exceed 5 watts per square inch (0.8 W/cm2) for systems without circulating pumps. Oil coking will occur at the element with higher wattage heaters if a circulating
pump is not used. When high wattage heaters are required, the heaters must be interlocked
with an oil circulation pump to assure that coking of the oil will not occur. Coked oil will form
deposits which can insulate the system and decrease heat removal. The deposits can also
break loose and act as abrasives in the lubricating system. Synthetic oils may have higher
coking temperature limits, contact your lubrication supplier for details.
Prelube Pump
Rotary compressors must have a prelube pump, to ensure bearing and mechanical seal oil
flow, to refill oil filters after maintenance and to position the slide valve to 0% load prior to
start-up, when hydraulic control cylinder equipped.
NOTE: THE MECHANICAL SEAL IS DESIGNED TO OPERATE WITH AN OIL FILM AND
MUST BE PRE-LUBED PRIOR TO STARTING. THE SEAL MUST BE CONTINOUSLY SUPPLIED WITH OIL WHILE COMPRESSOR IS OPERATING. ANY
DRY RUNNING OF SEAL, WITHOUT LUBRICATING OIL, WILL RESULT IN
SCORING OF THE SEAL FACES AND REDUCED SEAL LIFE.
Oil Pressure Regulating Valves

The oil pump is generally capable of supplying oil pressure and volume in excess of that
required for a specific application. The pressure regulating bypass valve across the oil pump
is used to supply an adequate oil volume to bearings, mechanical seal and hydraulically
controlled slide valve cylinder, if so equipped, while bypassing the excess oil volume. A
hydraulically controlled slide valve requires a minimum oil pressure approximately 45 psi
(3.1 Barg) above discharge pressure to unload the slide valve.
The second oil pressure regulating valve, used only with hydraulically controlled slide valve
cylinders, reduces oil pressure for the bearings and seal while providing a back pressure for
the hydraulic oil supply. Adjustments to the oil pressure regulating valve settings allow Ariel
rotary compressors to be applied for a wide variety of operating conditions. Refer to Compressor Oil Supply Pressure Calculations on page 4-9 to determine proper settings.
Oil Filters
Ariel recommends replacing filter elements before differential pressure reaches collapse
pressure across the filter at normal operating temperatures or at six month intervals.
2/02
PAGE 4 - 7
Bearing, mechanical seal and control cylinder full flow filtration shall equal or exceed a 7 m
(micron) rating with a 75 Beta ratio (B7 = 75, 98.7% efficiency rating at removing 7 m and
larger particle size.
Rotor injection full flow filtration shall equal or exceed a 15 m (micron) rating with a 75 Beta
ratio (B15 = 75, 98.7% efficiency rating at removing 15 m and larger particle size.
NOTE: FAILURE TO FILL FILTER VESSELS WITH OIL PRIOR TO STARTING, AFTER
CHANGING FILTERS, CAN CAUSE SEVERE DAMAGE TO THE COMPRESSOR.
Liquids and Contaminants in Gas

The use of higher viscosity lubricants or specially compounded lubricants can compensate
somewhat for the presence of liquids in the gas stream.
NOTE: WHEN THERE ARE FREE LIQUIDS AND CONTAMINANTS PRESENT IN THE
GAS, THE MOST EFFECTIVE LUBRICATION OF ROTARY COMPRESSORS
REQUIRES REMOVAL OF THE LIQUIDS AND CONTAMINANTS BY USING
SCRUBBERS BEFORE THE GAS ENTERS THE COMPRESSOR.
To minimize compressor oil dilution, the gas/oil separator operating temperatures should be
maintained about 20F (11C) above the process gas dew point temperature at discharge
pressure, but not less than 150F (65C). A separator temperature of 150 (66C) is the minimum temperature required to drive water vapor into the process gas stream.
Compressor Oil Pump

For compressor oil pump sizing and flow verification, refer to the Ariel Performance Program.
The compressor integral oil pump is sized for the driver-compressor package speed range
and gas application pressures, to provide adequate oil flow and pressure for the compressor
within the drivers normal speed range. Generally, minimum driver speed is based upon a
speed versus horsepower or torque lug curve that determines compressor and oil pump
minimum speeds.
The compressor oil pump is selected to provide adequate lubricating oil and slide valve positioning hydraulic pressure at minimum driver speed and maximum compressor differential
pressure. The integral compressor oil pump is direct driven by the female rotor, which has a
lower rotating speed than the male rotor. Oil pump flow and pressure are determined by
female rotor speed and oil pressure regulating valve adjustment.
PAGE 4 - 8
2/02
Male and female rotor speed limitations are as follows, in Table 4-3:, below. Minimum operation drive speed to the compressor must not be less than the minimum male rotor speed
limit.
TABLE 4-3: ROTOR SPEED LIMITS

COMPRESSOR
MODEL
ROTOR GEAR
RATIO, MALE
LOBES/FEMALE
FLUTES
MINIMUM ROTOR
SPEED, RPM
MALE/FEMALE
MAXIMUM ROTOR
SPEED, RPM
MALE/FEMALE
AR166
AR208
AR260K, AR260
5/7
5/7
5/7
1148/820
918/656
735/525
5739/4099
4591/3279
3550/2366
Minimum bearing oil supply pressure and shutdown setting are based upon the differential
pressure connection to the scavenged oil gallery. Refer to Lube Oil Shutdowns on page 410 for additional lube oil shutdown information.
Compressor Oil Supply Pressure Calculations

The compressor oil flows are based upon fixed internal clearances, except for mechanical
seal supply which uses a fixed external orifice, supplied by Ariel. Adequate compressor oil
flow is based upon measured oil pressure at the compressor connections.
Listed below are the minimum compressor oil pressure requirements: If control cylinder or
bearing oil pressures cannot be met, contact your Packager or Ariel.
Where:
Ps = Suction Pressure, absolute

Pd = Discharge Pressure, absolute
k = Ratio of Specific Heats for Process Gas in Service
1 psia = 1 psig + atmospheric pressure at elevation
1 (Bara) = 14.5 psi
1.
Slide Valve Control Cylinder Hydraulic Pressure (SVCP), minimum = Pd + 43.5

psia (or + 3 Bara)
Example:
If, Pd = 75 psia (5.2 Bara),

SVCP = 75 + 43.5 = 118.5 psia
SVCP = 5.2 + 3 = (8.2 Bara)
2.
Bearing Oil Pressure (BOP), minimum = 1.5 Ps + 72.5 psi (or + 5 Bar a)
Example:
If, Pd = 75 psia (5.2 Bara), Ps = 25 psia (1.7 Bara)

BOP = (1.5 x 25) + 72.5 = 110 psia
BOP = (1.5 x 1.7) + 5 = (7.6 Bara)
2/02
PAGE 4 - 9

3.
Rotor Injection Pressure, approx. (RIP) = Ps x (1.9) k

Actual flow/pressure fluctuates with changes in bearing oil pressure.
Example:
If, Ps = 25 psia (1.7 Bara), k = 1.2

RIP = 25 x (1.9)1.2 = 25 x 2.16 = 54 psia
RIP = 1.7 x (1.9)1.2 = 1.7 x 2.16 = (3.7 Bara)
Gas Balance Line Pressure (GBLP) Calculation

Ariel rotary compressors use regulated discharge gas pressure to provide a counter thrust
force that reduces bearing load on the male rotor active thrust bearing. A minimum gas balance pressure is determined by the Ariel Rotary Compressor Performance Program for an
operating condition. Properly monitored and adjusted gas balance pressure is required to
maximize thrust bearing life.
Example: If, Ps = 25 psia (1.7 Bara), Pd = 75 psia (5.2 Bara) at 1700 RPM
GBLP = 54 psig minimum
GBLP = (3.5 Barg)
Compressor Re-Application
NOTE: IF ANY OF THE CONDITIONS LISTED BELOW CHANGE, CONSULT YOUR
PACKAGER AND/OR ARIEL FOR ANY HARDWARE AND/OR DOCUMENTATION CHANGES THAT ARE REQUIRED. PERFORMANCE AND OPERATING
PRESSURES MUST BE RE-CALCULATED:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Gas pressures, temperatures or flow requirements.

Gas properties.
Driver Type, speed or torque.
Re-location or compressor to a different site.
Warranty
Warranty of component failures which occur while using lubricants which do not meet these
specifications will be subject to review on a case by case basis.
Lube Oil Shutdowns

NOTE: THE COMPRESSOR MUST HAVE WORKING LOW OIL PRESSURE AND HIGH
INLET OIL TEMPERATURE SHUTDOWNS.
PAGE 4 - 10
2/02
Pressure:
Inadequate oil pressure and flow can cause catastrophic compressor damage.
Minimum bearing oil supply pressure alarm and shutdown settings are based upon the differential pressure connection to the scavenge oil gallery. The low differential oil pressure
shutdown switch (low, low - PDSLL) is normally supplied and installed by the packager with
a low side sensing connection into the scavenge oil gallery.
The normal bearing oil pressure is a value greater than 1.5P s + 72.5 psi (+ 5 Bara), see previous examples at Bearing Oil Pressure (BOP) in Compressor Oil Supply Pressure Calculations on page 4-9.
The bearings require a minimum oil supply pressure approximately 75 psig (5 Barg) higher
than the downstream (scavenge oil gallery) pressure to maintain adequate oil flow for lubrication and cooling. To maintain adequate flow during upset conditions, a shutdown setting
of approximately 60 psig (4+ Barg) falling pressure is recommended. See Figure 4-3: for an
illustration of the connection points using a differential pressure shutdown (low, low PDSLL).
1/4 Tubing
Scavenge Oil Gallery

PDSLL, Low Side
Bearing Oil Supply

PDSLL, High Side
FIGURE 4-3: DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SWITCH, LOW-LOW (PDSLL)
2/02
PAGE 4 - 11
Ariel recommends the oil pressure switch be set to actuate when oil pressure falls below the
following pressures:
Normal oil pressure > 1.5 x Ps + 72.5 psi
(= 1.5 x Ps + 5 Bar a)
Alarm, psid = (1.5 x Ps + 65 psi) - Pd, falling

[Alarm,
)bar = (1.5 x Ps + 4.5 Bara) - Pd, falling]
Shutdown, psid = (1.5 x Ps + 58 psi) - Pd, falling

[Shutdown,
)bar = (1.5 x Ps + 4 Bara) - Pd, falling]
Temperature:
The high oil temperature shutdown is to be located at the filter inlet connection. It is to be set
10% above normal oil inlet temperature.
Rotor Injection Flow

Rotor injection oil pressure and flow are a function of operation conditions, specifically suction and discharge pressures and temperatures. See the Ariel Performance Program - generated summary sheet for required rotor injection oil flow and gas discharge temperature for
given operating conditions. Adjust rotor injection flow throttling valve to maintain the required
minimum discharge gas temperature.
Reducing rotor injection flow will raise discharge gas and oil/gas separator temperature.
Consult Ariel Application Engineering before reducing oil flow volume.
Flushing Requirements
Some synthetic and mineral based oils are not compatible. Use extreme care and refer to oil
suppliers recommendations for draining and flushing the oil system when changing to or
from a synthetic oil.
The compressor is tested at the factory using a synthetic - mineral based oil and prior to
shipment protected with a vapor phase inhibitor in a mineral oil. These oils may not be compatible with the oil selected for field use. Consult the oil supplier to determine if clean-out
flushing is required.
PAGE 4 - 12
2/02
SECTION 5 - MAINTENANCE
General Introduction
The major components of the compressor are the rotor housing, discharge housing, rotors,
bearings, mechanical seal, slide valve, thrust balance piston, oil pump and hydraulic slide
valve control cylinder with slide valve position indicator (or slide valve control cylinder with
hand wheel). The mechanical seal, slide valve, slide valve spacers, slide valve position indicator, and oil pump and coupling may be replaced in the field.
NOTE: DO NOT OTHERWISE DISASSEMBLE THE INTERNALS OF THE COMPRESSOR. IF OTHER INTERNAL COMPONENTS NEED REPAIR, RETURN COMPRESSOR TO ARIEL FOR OVERHAUL OR EXCHANGE.
Absolute cleanliness, including the use of lint-free wiping cloths, is a necessity during any
maintenance on the compressor. When access covers have been removed, keep the compressor covered to protect the internal surfaces from debris except when actually working
within it. Any components that have been removed should be protected from falling objects
that might mar or chip machined surfaces.
Whenever the compressor is dismantled, o-rings at non-pressure positions are to be carefully inspected before reuse, if damaged they should be replaced. O-rings at pressure locations should be replaced. O-ring lubricants must be compatible with o-ring materials, lube oil
and process gas.
! CAUTION
TO PREVENT PERSONAL INJURY, ASSURE THAT COMPRESSOR ROTOR CANNOT BE TURNED BY THE DRIVER OR
GAS PRESSURE DURING MAINTENANCE: -- ON ENGINEDRIVEN COMPRESSORS, REMOVE THE CENTER COUPLING
OR LOCK THE FLYWHEEL. -- ON ELECTRIC MOTOR-DRIVEN
COMPRESSORS, IF IT IS INCONVENIENT TO DETACH THE
DRIVER FROM THE COMPRESSOR, THE DRIVER SWITCH
GEAR MUST BE LOCKED OUT DURING MAINTENANCE.
BEFORE STARTING ANY MAINTENANCE OR REMOVING
ANY COMPONENTS, RELIEVE ALL PRESSURE FROM THE
COMPRESSOR GAS AND OIL SYSTEMS. (SEE PACKAGERS
INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETELY VENTING THE SYSTEM.
2/02
PAGE 5 - 1
! CAUTION
AFTER PERFORMING ANY MAINTENANCE, THE ENTIRE
SYSTEM MUST BE PURGED WITH GAS PRIOR TO OPERATION, TO AVOID A POTENTIALLY EXPLOSIVE AIR/GAS MIXTURE.
Mechanical Seal
O-Ring
Stationary Carbon
Seal - Spring
Loaded Assembly
O-Ring
Seal Housing
Spacer Ring
Clamping
Spacer
Rotating
Seal - Inner
Ring
Shaft Seal
Lock Nut
O-Ring
Male Rotor
Drive End
Silicon Caulk Thread Protection
Anti-Rotation Pin
(AR166 & 208 Only)
Capscrew
Seal
Housing
Discharge
Cover
FIGURE 5-1: MECHANICAL SEAL TOP VIEW - TYPICAL

The mechanical seal prevents loss of internal process gas pressure, at the male rotor drive,
around the shaft to the compressor exterior. The seal consists of a rotating inner ring which
turns with the rotor and a spring loaded carbon seal assembly which is held stationary in the
seal housing cover. Sealing is generated by the spring force and the hydraulic force of the
lubricating oil pressure acting on the seal faces.
On compressor Models AR260 and AR260K, the mechanical seals stationary cartridge has
no anti-rotation pin.
PAGE 5 - 2
2/02
On compressor Models AR166 and AR208, the mechanical seals stationary cartridge has
an anti-rotation pin and can only be installed one way.
To install the rotating ring, pull it up against the shaft stop with clamping spacer. To install
stationary cartridge into housing, use special tool. To install the mechanical seal housing,
use a torque pattern to pull up square.
Thoroughly clean silicon thread caulk from the shaft. During reassembly, any caulk residue
will be sheared by the clamping spacer and gunk may be forced into the seals contact face.
Do not use the shaft seal locknut as a holding (reaction) point when removing the coupling
hubs collared retaining bolt. Excessive tightening will buckle the thin-walled clamping
spacer.
The mechanical seal must be kept free of oil and oily fingers. Oil attracts debris which can
score the surfaces resulting in leaks and reduced service life.
NOTE: MECHANICAL SEAL CRITICAL SURFACES SUCH AS SEAL FACES, O-RING
SEATS AND FITS MUST BE HANDLED WITH EXTREME CARE. REPLACEMENT SEAL COMPOMENTS MUST BE TRANSPORTED AND STORED IN THE
ORIGINAL UNOPENED PACKAGING. REPLACEMENT SEALS WHICH HAVE
BEEN SUBJECT TO IMPACT, SUCH AS BEING DROPPED, ARE NOT TO BE
USED. STORAGE MUST BE DRY, DUST FREE AND AT REASONABLE CONSTANT TEMPERATURE. SEALS STORED IN EXCESS OF THREE YEARS
SHOULD BE RE-INSPECTED BEFORE BEING USED. DO NOT DISSASSEMBLE THE SEAL - SPRING LOADED ASSEMBLY.
TABLE 5-1: SEAL AND SEAL HOUSING COVER APPROXIMATE WEIGHTS

MODEL
SEAL
COVER
LB
(kg)
LB
(kg)
AR166
(2)
15
(7)
AR208
(4)
25
(12)
AR260K, AR260
11
(5)
44
(20)
Replacing the Mechanical Seal

Remove thread protection caulking compound, located between the shaft seal lock nut and
coupling hub, being careful not to damage threads. Hold rotor from turning, with drive train
assembled coupling in place, and loosen the shaft seal locknut, using the special spanner
wrench provided in the tool box (see Table 7-1 on page 7-1). Heating lock nut to 200F maximum (93C) may be required to break Loctite seal. Disassemble the coupling center section
and remove the coupling hub half and retaining bolt from the male rotor. Remove the shaft
seal lock nut. Remove the 12 point cap screws that secure the seal housing cover to the discharge cover. Using the two jack bolts (M12 x 1.75 x 40mm or M16 x 2 x 55mm, class 12.9)
provided in the tool box, jack seal housing cover loose. Slide the seal housing cover and
clamping spacer off the rotor.
NOTE: BE CAREFUL TO PROTECT THE ROTOR THREADS FROM DAMAGE WHEN
REMOVING AND INSTALLING MECHANICAL SEAL.
2/02
PAGE 5 - 3
Remove the inner seal ring and o-ring from the rotor.
Disassemble the seal housing cover internal parts, removing the spacer ring, seal - spring
loaded assembly, both o-rings and jack bolts. Discard both mechanical seal elements, all
three o-rings and lock nut. Clean parts, being careful to remove Loctite residue from rotor
threads, external and internal, and coupling retaining bolt threads.
Reassemble using a new mechanical seal, three new o-rings and new lock nut. Lubricate orings with a high viscosity silicone fluid such as Parker Super-O-Lube or equal. Put o-ring
and inner seal ring in position on rotor. On the AR166 and AR208 compressors, the seal spring loaded assembly utilizes a dowel to help hold it stationary in the seal housing. This
dowel normally does not need to be replaced. Replace both o-rings on the seal housing.
Press seal - spring loaded assembly into seal housing. A cylindrical ring fixture to push
against the seal housing provided in the Ariel tool box is required. Do not push against seal
face or tap into place. Reassemble spacer ring and clamping spacer into seal housing.
Slide seal housing on to rotor, being careful to position leakage weep hole downward while
aligning bolting holes. Install cap screws and tighten to torque values in Table 1-3 on Page
1-10.
Apply Loctite grade 222 (purple) to the first two external rotor shaft threads and assemble
nut on to rotor, hand tight. Quickly, temporarily reassemble drive coupling hub and key, hand
tight. Hold coupling hub to keep rotor from turning and tighten the shaft seal locknut, using
the special wrench provided in the tool box to the proper torque value in Table 1-4 on Page
1-10. Working time for Loctite 222 is 10 minutes. Reassemble complete coupling to manufactures instructions. Apply a bead of silicone caulking compound at the shaft to seal lock
nut face covering all of the exposed shaft threads to help protect from impact damage and
thread corrosion.
NOTE: THE COUPLING RETAINING BOLT TORQUE IS BASED UPON COUPLING
DESIGN AND THE POWER TO BE TRANSMITTED. CONSULT PACKAGERS
INFORMATION FOR PROPER TORQUE VALUE.
Optional Collared Retaining Bolts

Ariel offers an optional Collared Retaining Bolt (CRB) for reduced torque compressor applications. The CRB replaces the standard bolt and washer retaining bolt design that was originally developed for high horsepower applications that require the use of a special coupling
hub design.
The CRB is a low profile design for use on AR Series rotary compressor drive coupling hubs.
It minimizes the coupling hub counterbore depth for selected coupling designs and allows
the use of the standard, semi-finished coupling hubs that are typical for reduced torque, natural gas applications.
Refer to Ariels Engineering Reference ER-41 Rotary Compressor - Coupling Hub Installation & Retention for details and application limitations for the use of CRBs.
Installation and removal of the CRB requires the use of an Ariel supplied torquing adapter
tool. This tool adapts to standard 1/2 and 3/4 drive torque wrenches and applies torque
PAGE 5 - 4
2/02
using dowel pins. (Refer to Figure 5-2: Collared Retaining Bolt Assembly and Figure 5-3:
Shaft Key
Mechanical
Seal Lock Nut
2
51
45
Collared
Retaining
Bolt
Male Rotor Shaft
Coupling Hub
FIGURE 5-2: COLLARED RETAINING BOLT ASSEMBLY

Collared Retaining Bolt and assembly Tool.)
Collared
Retaining
Bolt
Assembly
Opening
Sized for
3/4 Drive
Ratchet
Tool
FIGURE 5-3: COLLARED RETAINING BOLT AND ASSEMBLY TOOL
2/02
PAGE 5 - 5
Slide Valve Replacement - Internally Changeable Vi

The slide valve may be changed, to provide a different volume ratio (Vi) that is appropriate
for current operating conditions.
To replace the slide valve, move the slide valve to the full load (100%) position. The male
rotor must be rotated so that the shaft keyway is at the top (12 oclock position), which positions rotor mesh for ease of slide valve cylinder assembly removal and reinstallation. Be
sure that the compressor is properly vented and that the equipment is locked out so rotors
can not turn. Remove oil lines from slide valve cylinder, and rotor housing drain plug to drain
residual oil. Replace drain plug when oil stops running. Unbolt slide valve indicator or
remove electrical connection, as required, to allow for slide valve cylinder removal.
Axial Position
Indicator
Oil Pump
Axial Position
Indicator
Slide Valve
FIGURE 5-4: HYDRAULIC INTERNALLY CHANGEABLE SLIDE VALVE 25% AXIAL POSITION - TYPICAL
N VERSION
PAGE 5 - 6
2/02
TABLE 5-2: HYDRAULICALLY CONTROLLED SLIDE VALVE - APPROXIMATE WEIGHTS
MODEL
SLIDE VALVE ONLY

(INTERNALLY
CHANGEABLE)
SLIDE VALVE &

CONTROL POSITIONER
CYLINDER
SUCTION COVER WITH

CYLINDER & SLIDE
VALVE
LB
(kg)
LB
(kg)
LB
(kg)
AR166
24
(11)
105
(48)
195
(89)
AR208
46
(21)
175
(80)
310
(141)
AR260K
75
(34)
230
(105)
420
(191)
AR260
85
(39)
260
(118)
525
(239)
Compressors with Individual Cover Plates

If your compressor design does not have a single suction-end cover do not pull the dowel
pin, prior to disassembly. The slide valve cylinder with slide valve is removed using the jack
bolting provided. Slinging parts to an overhead crane may be useful to assist removal.
Remove control cylinder o-ring and discard.
Replacement
With the slide valve at the 80% axial position, hold positioner piston rod with a strap wrench
to prevent shearing the positioning dowel and remove the slide valve nut and lockwasher.
Remove slide valve from the piston rod. Clean parts, being careful to remove Loctite residue
from piston rod and nut threads.
Select a new slide valve with the proper volume ratio (V i) required. Reassemble slide valve
to piston rod with locating dowel properly aligned with the slide valve groove. Apply Loctite
222 (purple) to the first two piston rod threads and install lockwasher and nut. Hold the piston rod with a strap wrench and tighten nut to the proper torque value in Table 1-4 on Page
1-10. Install a new o-ring lubricated with a high viscosity silicone fluid such as Parker SuperO-Lube or equal. Remove jack bolts.
Slide Valve Cylinder Reassembly Into Compressor

Insert slide valve cylinder with attached slide valve into the compressor being careful to level
the assembly and lift to put the slide valve on slide guide. On compressors with individual
cover plate (N), reinstall the cylinder onto the dowel. Tighten capscrews to the proper
torque in Table 1-3 on page 1-10. Remove lifting tool as required and replace thread protection plugs or grease.
Reattach oil lines, thrust balance line and slide valve axial position indicator as required.
Stamp or vibra-etch the new volume ratio (Vi) and date on the volume ratio change plate.
See Figure 1-7: on page 1-8, top view for plate location.
2/02
PAGE 5 - 7
Using the pre-lube pump, move the slide valve to the 0% position. Check the yellow visual
position pointer for 0% indication. Calibrate if necessary.
NOTE: THE YELLOW POSITION POINTER IS A SLIDING FRICTION FIT ON THE INDICATOR SHAFT, TO ALLOW FOR CALIBRATION.
Yellow Position Pointer
Mounting Bolt
Precision Potentiometer
Cover
Bolt
Front View - Case Cover Removed
Double
Cam
Cross Section - Cover in Place
Do Not Use a Mounting Gasket between Case and Cylinder Cover
Single Cam
M16 or 3/8 NPT
FIGURE 5-5: SLIDE VALVE AXIAL POSITION INDICATOR TRANSDUCER
Slide Valve Axial Position Indicator Transducer

The slide valve axial position indicator transducer provides a visual indication dial (0 to
100%), 5 limit switches with adjustable cams and a precision potentiometer for monitoring
the axial position of the slide valve. Switches 1 and 2 (pins 10 and 9) are single cam and calibrated by Ariel to represent the 0 and 100% positions. Switches 3 thru 5 are provided so
that up to five additional slide valve positions can be calibrated and monitored electronically.
The position indicator transducer is also equipped with a precision wire wound potentiometer to monitor slide valve position. To calibrate the limit switch cams, use the adjustment
wrench provided inside the position transducer indicator case and held in place with a thumb
screw.
The visual position indicator (yellow pointer) is calibrated by rotating it about a shaft. Its position is held by friction from tightening a set screw and is pre-positioned by Ariel during
assembly. If the pointer indicates more than 100% at full load or less than minimum at startup, then it must be readjusted.
PAGE 5 - 8
2/02
If the potentiometer or cams are used to electronically stop slide valve travel, calibration is
very important at minimum and maximum travel. The last few percent of travel to the full load
position have a dramatic affect upon compressor flow and horsepower.
Cams
Cams
------ Factory Set -----0%

100%
------------ Adjustable by User ---------------
Precision
Potentiometer
3
2
10
CW
Electrical Connections
FIGURE 5-6: SLIDE VALVE AXIAL POSITION INDICATOR TRANSDUCER - WIRING DIAGRAM
1k
FIGURE 5-7: POSITION INDICATOR - PRECISION WIRE-WOUND POTENTIOMETER
2/02
PAGE 5 - 9
Hole for Thumbscrew to

Secure Wrench Inside of Case
Cam Adjustment Wrench Ariel Part Number 000550
Reverse Wrench to
Adjust Opposite Side
Double
Cam
Single
Cam
FIGURE 5-8: POSITION INDICATOR TRANSDUCER - CAM ADJUSTMENT

TABLE 5-3: POSITION INDICATOR - PRECISION WIRE-WOUND SINGLE TURN POTENTIOMETER
TECHNICAL DATA
S (0 TO 330)
Nominal Resistance
1k
Resistance Tolerance
+ 5%
Resolution
0.079%
Power Rating
5 W / 40C
Maximum Wiper Current in Malfunction
100 mA
Protection
IP 50
Full Load Position (Maximum Position)
100% = 330 = 1 k
Starting Position (Minimum Position - Externally Changeable)

Starting Position (Minimum Position - Internally Changeable)
S
20% = 114 = 344S
0% = 60 = 180 S
Externally Changeable Slide Valve

Slide Valve Volume Ratio (V i) Change - Externally Changeable Vi
The slide valve external spacer may be changed or eliminated to adjust for a different volume ratio (Vi) that is appropriate for current operating conditions. Refer to Table 5-4 on Page
1-11 for spacer thickness values.
PAGE 5 - 10
2/02
TABLE 5-4: SPACER THICKNESS - EXTERNALLY CHANGEABLE Vi Slide Valve

SPACER THICKNESS FOR ADJUSTING VOLUME RATIO (Vi)
COMPRESSOR
MODEL
4.8 Vi
INCHES
3.5 Vi
(cm)
(cm)
INCHES
(cm)
INCHES
(cm)
0.802
(2.04)
1.812
(4.60)
2.544
(6.46)
1.000
(2.54)
2.270
(5.77)
3.190
(8.10)
0.972
(2.47)
2.150
(5.46)
3.000
(7.62)
1.260
(3.20)
2.840
(7.21)
3.907
(9.92)
No Spacer Required
for 4.8 Vi
AR260K
AR260
Balance Oil
Connection
2.2 Vi
INCHES
AR166
AR208
2.6 Vi
Balance
Cylinder
Balance
Piston
Locating
Dowel
Lockwasher
& Nut
Crank
Handle
Hand
Wheel
Oil Drain
Plug
Cylinder
Mounting
Bolts
Vi
Spacer
Oil Drain
Plug
Slide
Valve
20% Position
Stop
FIGURE 5-9: HAND WHEEL EXTERNALLY CHANGEABLE SLIDE VALVE 100% POSITION - TYPICAL
Axial Positioner Hydraulic Oil Positioner

Indicator
Connection
Piston
Oil Drain
Plug
Cylinder
Mounting
Bolts
Hydraulic
Cylinder
Vi
Spacer
Locating
Dowel
Oil Drain
Plug
Lockwasher
& Nut
Slide
Valve
20% Position
Stop
FIGURE 5-10: HYDRAULIC EXTERNALLY CHANGEABLE SLIDE VALVE 100% POSITION - TYPICAL
2/02
PAGE 5 - 11
Vi Spacer Adjustments - Externally Changeable Vi

The slide valve volume ratio (Vi) can be varied, by changing or eliminating the spacer, bolts
and dowel pin, with the compressor stopped and depressurized. Determine the Vi required
and secure the appropriate items from the toolbox or rebuild kit components, including
spacer, mounting bolts, dowel pin, o-ring, along with required hand tools.
To replace the Vi spacer, be sure the compressor is properly vented and that the equipment
is locked out so rotors can not turn. On hand wheel controlled units, remove oil balance tubing and drain plug to bleed cylinder oil that restricts axial piston movement. On hydraulically
controlled units, open oil control valves and drain plug to bleed cylinder oil, if oil lines and
electrical conduit lines are not flexible they will have to be removed. Remove locating dowel
pin from cylinder mounting flange using threaded 10mm slide hammer adapter. Insert Ariel
supplied jackbolts, which supports Vi spacer, then loosen and remove cylinder mounting
bolts. Remove Vi spacer by moving cylinder axially with jackbolts, and backing them off.
Clean cylinder and compressor mating flanges and coat with Never Seez. Install or omit the
proper spacer to achieve the required Vi; support spacer and adjust opening space with jack
bolts. Install correct length mounting bolts and locate cylinder to compressor by installing
appropriate length dowel pin. Tighten capscrews to the proper torque value as shown in
Table 1-4 on page 1-10. Remove jacking bolts and lifting tools as required and replace
thread protection plugs or grease.
Reattach or re-tube oil lines and/or conduit, and re-install drain plugs as required.
Stamp or vibra-etch the new volume ratio (Vi) and date on the volume ratio change plate.
See Figure 1-7: on page 1-8 for plate location.
Move the slide valve through its entire range of travel. See Table 1-2 on page 1-7 for hand
wheel controlled slide valve travel distance details.
Slide Valve Inspection/Replacement - Externally Changeable Vi

The slide valve may be removed for inspection, but its removal is not required to change the
volume ratio (Vi). If the slide valve volume ratio (Vi) is also to be adjusted by changing or
eliminating the spacer, see Vi Spacer Adjustments - Externally Changeable Vi above for
details.
Removal
To remove the slide valve, position the slide valve to the 100% axial position. The male rotor
must be rotated so that the shaft keyway is at the top (12 oclock position), which positions
rotor mesh for ease of slide valve cylinder removal and installation. Be sure the compressor
is properly vented and that the equipment is locked out so rotors can not turn. Remove the
oil line(s) and/or drain plug from the slide valve cylinder, and remove rotor housing drain
plug to drain residual oil. Replace drain plugs when oil stops running. For hydraulically conPAGE 5 - 12
2/02
trolled units, also unbolt slide valve indicator or remove electrical connection, as required, to
allow for slide valve cylinder removal.
The slide valve cylinder is precision located to the compressor housing using a dowel pin.
Without removing the dowel pin, insert jack screws to support the V i spacer, if there is one
and remove cylinder mounting bolts (capscrews). The control cylinder with the slide valve is
removed using the jack bolts provided. Slinging parts to an overhead crane may be useful to
assist removal. See Table 5-5 and Table 5-6 for approximate weights of components.
Remove control cylinder o-ring and discard.
Inspect slide valve and replace as required.
Replacement
With the slide valve at an 80% axial position, hold piston rod with a strap wrench to prevent
shearing the positioning dowel and remove slide valve nut and lockwasher. Remove slide
valve from the piston rod. Clean parts, being careful to remove Loctite residue from piston
rod and nut threads.
Reassemble slide valve to piston rod with locating dowel properly aligned with the slide
valve groove. Apply Loctite 222 (purple) to the first two piston rod threads and install lockwasher and nut. Hold the piston rod with a strap wrench and tighten nut to the proper torque
value in Table 1-4 on page 1-10. Install new o-ring lubricated with a high viscosity silicone
fluid such as Parker Super-O-Lube or equal.
Slide Valve Cylinder Assembly Into Compressor

Insert slide valve cylinder with attached slide valve into the compressor, being careful to
level the assembly while lifting piston rod/slide valve to put the slide valve on slide guide.
With the Vi spacer supported on the jack bolts when applicable, reinstall the cylinder flange
onto the dowel. Insert and tighten capscrews to the proper torque in Table 1-4 on page 1-10.
Remove jack bolts and lifting tools as required; replace thread protection plugs or grease.
Reattach oil line(s), drain plug(s) and position indicator as required.
Move the slide valve through its entire range of travel. See Table 1-2 on page 1-7 for hand
wheel controlled slide valve travel distance details.
TABLE 5-5: HAND WHEEL CYLINDER CONTROLLED SLIDE VALVE - APPROXIMATE WEIGHTS
MODEL
2/02
SLIDE VALVE ONLY (EXTERNALLY

CHANGEABLE)
SLIDE VALVE, HAND WHEEL &

CYLINDER
LB
(kg)
LB
(kg)
AR166
19
(8.6)
80
(36)
AR208
40
(18)
160
(73)
AR260K
72
(33)
220
(100)
AR260
82
(37)
250
(114)
PAGE 5 - 13
TABLE 5-6: HYDRAULICALLY CONTROLLED SLIDE VALVE - APPROXIMATE WEIGHTS

MODEL
SLIDE VALVE ONLY

(EXTERNALLY CHANGEABLE)
SLIDE VALVE & CONTROL

POSITIONER CYLINDER
LB
(kg)
LB
(kg)
AR166
19
(8.6)
75
(34)
AR208
40
(18)
155
(70)
AR260K
72
(33)
215
(98)
AR260
82
(37)
245
(111)
Oil Pump and Geared Tooth Coupling

Oil Pump Replacement
To replace the oil pump, first mark the pump suction and discharge end connections, then
remove oil piping from the pump as required. To remove pump from compressor, remove
capscrews (or stud-nuts) and slide pump out, separating the coupling halves at the sleeve.
The coupling driven-half will come out attached to the pump shaft, while the coupling sleeve
is retained by the drive half of the coupling which is bolted and dowelled to the female rotor.
Remove o-ring and discard.
NOTE: ON THE AR166, WHERE THE ADAPTER COVER PLATE DOES NOT HAVE ITS
OWN BOLTING (i.e. HELD IN PLACE BY THE PUMP BOLTING), REMOVE THE
ADAPTER AND DISCARD O-RING.
Adapter cover plates which have separate bolting need not be removed. Loosen the key set
screw and remove gear coupling-half from the pump shaft with a two or three jaw gear
puller. Inspect the couplings geared teeth, if there is excessive wear, replace the entire coupling with a new assembly.
Replace the pump with a new part, correct for the compressor application. Install the coupling driven-half to the new pump shaft with key installed and firmly seated. There should be
a slight clearance of 0.005 in. (0.13mm) between the top of the key and the mating coupling.
Position the coupling-half on the pump shaft end so the axial spacing between the coupling
halves is 3/32 in. (2.5mm), then tighten set screw, see Figure 5-11: on Page 5-15.
NOTE: FOR THE AR166 & AR260 THE COUPLING DRIVEN-HALF SHOULD BE
APPROXIMATELY FLUSH WITH THE PUMP SHAFT END. FOR THE AR208,
THE COUPLING DRIVEN HALF EXTENDS BEYOND THE SHAFT END BY
ABOUT 13/32 IN. (10mm).
Replace o-ring(s) with new parts. Lubricate adapter cover plate bore and coupling sleeve
teeth with clean oil. Slide the pump into place, with shaft position rotated to properly engage
gear teeth. Be sure pump flow is in the correct direction. Replace fasteners and tighten to
the proper torque shown in Table 1-4 on Page 1-10. Pour a small quantity of oil into pump
intake and re-attach oil piping as required.
PAGE 5 - 14
2/02
Coupling Replacement
To replace the entire pump coupling, begin as described in first paragraph under Oil Pump
Replacement above. Remove the fasteners as required, adapter cover plate and o-ring. Discard the o-ring. Remove the drive coupling-half socket head cap screw. Remove the drive
coupling-half and sleeve assembly, being careful not to cock the coupling half and break the
hardened dowel pins. Replace coupling drive half and sleeve with new parts. Position coupling drive-half, with sleeve installed, over dowel pins and draw up by tightening the cap
screw to the proper torque shown in Table 1-3 on Page 1-10. Verify the sleeve is free to
pivot on the drive coupling-half gear teeth. Lubricate rotor housing bore with clean oil and
install adapter cover plate, with a new o-ring. Replace fasteners and tighten to proper torque
shown in Table 1-4 on Page 1-10. Position new coupling driven-half on the end of the pump
shaft and proceed with oil pump re-installation in Oil Pump Replacement above.
Coupling
Sleeve
Approximately
13/32 (10mm)
Male
Rotor
AR208 Only
Coupling
Drive Half
Set Screw &

Key
O-Ring
Female
Rotor
Oil
Pump
Coupling
Driven Half
Fasteners
Cover Plate Adapter
Dowel
Socket Head
Capscrew
A - B = 3/32 in. (2.5mm)
FIGURE 5-11: OIL PUMP AND COUPLING - TYPICAL
2/02
PAGE 5 - 15
Ethylene Glycol Contamination

Ethylene glycol contamination of a compressor can result from a water-cooled oil cooler
leak.
Ethylene glycol anti-freeze coolant mixture leaking into the oil can cause bearing damage
and rotor seizure due to lack of adequate lubrication. The oil should be changed as recommended in Section 6, while being routinely sampled and analyzed by a qualified laboratory
to verify suitability for continued use, including checking for ethylene glycol contamination.
If contamination is found, find and fix coolant leak. Even small quantities of ethylene glycol in
the oil can be detrimental. If contamination is less than 5%, drain oil, replace filters and flush
oil system, including all piping, with a 50-50 mixture of butoxyethanol (Dow Chemical Co.
Dowanol EB or equal) and 10W oil using a motor driven pump. Flushing should be done on
a warm compressor. Bearings should be continuously flushed for 1/2 hour while barring over
compressor. All surfaces that come in contact with the oil are to be flushed which includes
spraying all interior surfaces in the compressor and gas/oil separator/coalescing filter. Completely drain cleaning mixture, being sure to drain all components of the oil system. Repeat
flushing operating using a 60/40 mixture of 10W oil and kerosene or fuel oil. Completely
drain oil system, install new filters and fill with proper oil.
If sampling indicates that glycol contamination is greater than 5% or compressor has seized
due to contamination, the unit is to be returned to Ariel, torn down, cleaned with 100% butoxyethanol, flushed with kerosene or fuel oil and repaired as required. All surfaces that come
in contact with oil must be cleaned with butoxyethanol, including all passages and piping,
and then flushed with kerosene or fuel oil. Oil and filters must be changed. Coolant leak is to
be found and repaired.
Butoxyethanol presents health and safety hazards. Use proper eye and skin protection and
adequate ventilation. Do not use near open flame or sparks. See manufacturer's Material
Safety Data Sheet for complete details.
Ethylene glycol, butoxyethanol, contaminated oils and solvents must be properly disposed.
A chemical disposal service should be used.

Mineral deposit build-up can occur when liquids have not been completely removed from the
gas stream, particularly in low pressure natural gas applications. These minerals (such as
salt and calcium dissolved in water saturated process gas) plate out when water flashes off
due to pressure drop or heat. The minerals can build up on the suction strainer screen and
in the compressor. If mineral build-up is observed during maintenance, additional steps
should be taken for liquid removal from the gas stream prior to entering the compressor.
PAGE 5 - 16
2/02
SECTION 6 - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

Recommended Maintenance Intervals
Like all equipment, Ariel compressors do require maintenance. The frequency of maintenance is dictated by the environment in which the compressor is placed, the loads the user
imposes on the compressor and the cleanliness of the gas.
First and foremost on the preventative maintenance list is the completion and compliance
with the Ariel Corporation Packagers Standard and Compressor Start Up Check List. All
items must be adhered to, both before and after start up.
The following is a guide only and, as stated above, may vary due to operating conditions.
The time intervals start with the start up date of the unit. If your oil supplier's recommend oil
service changes are more frequent than the Ariel recommendations, the suppliers intervals
should be followed. Regular oil analysis is recommended. If problems develop the oil should
be changed immediately and the cause of the problem determined and corrected.
A log book should be kept with each unit. Every maintenance item can be entered with
exacting detail in order that records will be available for tracking maintenance costs per unit
and for trouble-shooting.
Operator logs should be reviewed by qualified personnel to determine trends in compressor
performance and/or maintenance.
Daily
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
2/02
Check oil pressures and temperature. Recommended compressor inlet oil temperature is 150F (65C).
Check gas/oil separator oil level when compressor is in operation. It should be in
mid-sight glass and, if not, determine and correct cause. Do not overfill.
Check seal vent for blowing or excessive leakage. If blowing or leaking, determine cause and, if necessary, replace mechanical seal parts.
Check and correct any gas leaks.
Check and correct any oil leaks.
Check operating pressure and temperatures. If not normal, determine cause of
abnormality. It is recommended that a daily log of operating temperatures and
pressure be kept for reference. See typical log sheet on page 3-6.
Check shutdown set points. High-low pressure shutdowns set as close as practical to current operating conditions.
Check for unusual noises or vibrations.
Check gas/oil separator scavenged oil flow indicator for oil and entrained gas
flow. Adjust as required.
PAGE 6 - 1

10.
11.
12.
13.
Check oil filters differential pressures.

Check slide valve position. Adjust as required.
Check counter thrust gas balance pressure. Adjust as required.
Check gas suction strainer differential pressure.
Monthly (in addition to Daily Requirements)

1.
2.
3.
4.
Check and confirm safety shutdown functions.

Adjust counter-thrust gas balance pressure for current operating conditions.
Review oil analysis to determine if good for continued use.
Inspect anchor bolts and shims for looseness. Tighten as required.
Every 6 Months or 4,000 Hours (plus Daily/Monthly)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Check oil viscosity requirements for current gas analysis and operating conditions.
Change oil filters or before differential pressure exceeds collapse pressure, or
as specified by the manufacturer or oil consultant.
Verify that oil is suitable for continued use. A more frequent oil change interval
may be required if operating in an extremely dirty environment or if the oil supplier recommends it or if an oil analysis dictates it. A less frequent oil change
interval may be required If the oil is replenished on a regular basis due to usage.
Clean strainers - oil and gas.
Re-tighten hold down stud-nuts to proper torque values and perform a soft foot
check. More than 0.002 inch (0.05 mm) pull down requires re-shimming.
Inspect coupling discs for cracking and/or axial distortion. Realign if necessary
to hold coupling alignment within 0.002 inches (0.05 mm) TIR.
Yearly or every 8,000 Hours (plus Daily/Monthly/6 Months)

1.
2.
3.
Inspect compressor mounting for twist or bending by checking shimming of compressor feet.
Check and re-calibrate all temperature and pressure gauges.
Change gas/oil separator filter element or before differential pressure exceeds
collapse pressure, or as specified by the manufacturer or oil consultant.
Trouble Shooting
Minor problems can be expected during the routine operation of an Ariel compressor. These
troubles are most often traced to liquid, dirt, improper alignment adjustment or to operating
personnel being unfamiliar with Ariel compressors. Difficulties of this type can usually be
corrected by cleaning, proper alignment adjustment, elimination of an adverse condition,
replacement of a relatively minor part or proper training of the operating personnel.
PAGE 6 - 2
2/02
Major problems can usually be traced to long periods of operation with unsuitable lubrication, improper counter-thrust gas balance pressure, careless operation, lack of routine maintenance or the use of the compressor for purposes for which it was not intended.
Recording of the pressures and temperatures is valuable because any variation, when operating at a given load point, indicates trouble.
While it would be impossible to compile a complete list of every possible problem, listed
below are some of the more common ones with their possible causes.
Problem
Possible Causes
Low Oil Pressure
Driven coupling-half loose on pump shaft (coupling disengaged).

Defective pressure gauge.
Oil regulating valves improperly adjusted for conditions.
Dirty or plugged oil strainer.
Dirty oil filter.
Improper low oil pressure switch setting.
Low oil viscosity.
Excessive leakage at seals or bearings.
Leaking oil pump check valve.
Oil pump wear.
Improper end clearance in oil pump.
High Oil Pressure
Cold oil.
Oil regulating valves improperly adjusted for conditions.
High oil viscosity.
Oil temperature too low.
Low Oil Temperature
Thermostatic valve element defective.

Oil heater or thermostat defective.
High Oil Temperature
Thermostatic valve element defective.

Cooler fan not working.
Oil cooler dirty.
Low oil viscosity.
High Gas Discharge

Temperature
Inadequate rotor injection oil rate.

Plugged oil strainer.
High oil temperature
High suction temperature.
High suction or discharge pressure.
Excessive Vibration and/or

Noise in Compressor
Loose compressor hold down bolting.

Coupling not properly aligned.
Improper lube oil and/or insufficient lube rate.
Lubrication failure.
Liquids in gas.
Excessive rotor end play.
Loose or worn bearings.
2/02
PAGE 6 - 3

Problem
Possible Causes
High Oil Consumption
Oil system over filled.

Separator-scavenged oil line plugged or throttling valve closed.
Excessive oil dilution from process gas.
Collapsed coalescing filter element.
Oil/ gas separator coalescing filter gaskets not sealed or defective.
Improper coalescing filter element installed.
Oil Leakage at Slide Valve

Axial Position Indicator Case
Mounting
Position indicator drive rod seal damaged. Contact Ariel for replacement.
Excessive Leakage at
Mechanical Seal Weep Tube
Mechanical seal is not effective and should be replaced.
Axial Position Indicator Off at Yellow pointer friction loose; adjust pointer and tighten set screw.
0% (unloaded) and 100% (full Indicator case shaft improperly re-installed on the slide valve indicator rod
or shaft coupling setscrews inside of case are loose; remove case, position
load) positions
the slide valve and yellow pointer to the minimum unloaded position (0%
internally changeable or 20% externally changeable cylinders) and reinstall. If coupling is loose, contact your packager or Ariel.
Compressor Flow Does Not

Match Performance Prediction at Full Load
PAGE 6 - 4
Verify that the Vi used in calculations matches the Vi installed in compressor.

The axial position indicator may be improperly adjusted.
Slide valve not at 100% position; adjust or calibrate yellow pointer, cams or
potentiometer as required.
Performance calculation input data incorrect; verify accurate gas analysis,
rotating speed, suction pressure or temperature readings used. Performance prediction is based upon compressor suction and discharge flange
conditions.
Verify any compressor bypass valve(s) fully closed and not leaking.
Verify suction gas strainer clean and intact.
2/02
SECTION 7 - APPENDICES
Ariel Tools
Ariel Furnished Tools
Ariel provides one tool box with each unit with customized tools included in the box as listed
below (see Figure 7-1: and Figure 7-2: and Figure 7-3:).
TABLE 7-1: ARIEL FURNISHED TOOLS

PART NUMBER OR SIZE
TOOL DESCRIPTION
QTY
AR166
AR208
AR260K, AR260
Toolbox
A-0798
Spanner Wrench - Mechanical Seal Locknut
000531
000512
000012
Jack Bolt (12 Point Capscrew) - Removing

Mechanical Seal Housing, class 12.9
M12x1.75x40mm
M16x2
x50mm
M16x2
x50mm
Mechanical Seal Installation Tool
000608
000652
000653
Cam Adjusting Wrench - (Hydraulic Only) Slide

Valve Axial Position Indicator Transducer
Allen Wrench - Axial Position Indicator Bolts
000550
4mm
3/4-10x
2
3/4-10x
2
3/4-10x
2
Jack Bolt (12 Point Capscrew) - Removing

Slide Valve Control Cylinder, class 12.9
M12x1.75x60mm
M12x1.75x60mm
M16x2x
80mm
Socket Head Capscrew - Replacement Bolt for

Axial Position Indicator, class 12.9
Bolting - Tightening Torque Charts
Forged Steel Eye Bolt - Lifting Compressor
Spacers for Externally Changeable Slide Valve

1
Only (with cylinder mounting bolts, dowel pin,
each
label and label screws for each Vi setting)
M5 x 0.8 x 35mm
D-2159
3.5 Vi, 2.6 Vi & 2.2 Vib
See Figure 7-2:
a. See Table 1-1 on page 1-5 for compressor weights; and Figure 1-7: on page 1-8 for lifting location connections.
b. One spacer may be installed in compressor as ordered. The V i ratio is stamped on each shim-spacer. For 4.8 Vi, the
spacer is omitted. See Table 5-4 on page 5-11 for spacer thicknesses vs. compressor model and Vi.
Ariel provides these tools at no additional charge. Please contact your Distributor if you do
not have these tools.
These tools are specifically designed for use on Ariel units. Clean all tools before use.
Ensure that the tool and the part being removed or installed are fully engaged during the
process. If a tool is missing, worn or broken, please call your distributor for a replacement.
Do not use substitute, worn or broken tools.
2/02
PAGE 7 - 1
FIGURE 7-1: SPANNER WRENCH FOR MECHANICAL SEAL LOCKNUT - TYPICAL
FIGURE 7-2: Vi SPACER FOR EXTERNALLY CHANGEABLE SLIDE VALVE ONLY - TYPICAL
FIGURE 7-3: MECHANICAL SEAL CARTRIDGE INSTALLATION TOOL
PAGE 7 - 2
2/02
Minimum Hand Tools Required

The following hand tools are normally all that is required to work on Ariel compressors.
These are in addition to the Ariel furnished tools listed in Table 7-1. Please contact Ariel if
you have questions about tools on Ariel units.
2/02
1/2" Square Drive Ratchet Wrench

2" and 6" Extensions for above Ratchet
1/2" Square Drive Breaker Bar
1/2" Drive Speed Wrench
1/2" Female x 3/4" Male Adaptors
1/2" Square Drive Universal Joint
3/8" Square Drive Torque Wrenches (10 LB-IN to 250 LB-IN)
1/2" Square Drive Torque Wrenches (15 LB-FT to 250 LB-FT)
3/4" Square Drive Torque Wrench (to 1590 LB-FT)
7/16", 1/2", 9/16", 3/4", and 15/16" Sockets for a 1/2" Square Drive Ratchet Wrench
1/2" Hex Key and 1/4" Hex Key (Allen) Sockets for a Square Drive Ratchet Wrench
5/16" - 12 Point Box Wrench
1/2" x 9/16" Open End Wrench
2 - Medium Size Screw Drivers
Slugging Hammer
Set of 3/8" Drive, 12 Point Sockets
Set of Inch 1/2" Drive, 12 Point Sockets
Set of Metric 1/2" Drive, 12 Point Sockets
7/8", 1", 1-1/8", 1-3/8", M20, M24 and M27, 3/4" Drive, 12 Point Sockets
1-5/16" and 1-1/2", 3/4" Drive, Sockets
3/4" Female to 1" Male Adaptor
Strap Wrench
Slide Hammer (to remove dowel pins)
PAGE 7 - 3
Terms, Abbreviations1 and Conversion to SI Metric2

Area
in2 or square inch x 0.00064516 = meter 2, or m2
in2 or square inch x 6.4516 = centimeter2, or cm2
Flow - Gas3
MMSCFD or million standard cubic feet per day x 0.310 = normal meter3/second, or m3/sn
SCFM or standard cubic feet per minute x 1.607 = normal meter3/hour, or m3/hn
Flow - Liquid
GPM or US gallons per minute x 0.0630902 = liter/second, or L/s = dm 3/s
GPM or US gallons per minute x 0.227125 = meter3/hour, or m3/h
Force
lbf or pound (force) x 4.44822 = Newton, or N
Heat
BTU or British Thermal Units x 1.05506 = kilojoule, or kJ
Length
in. or " or inches x 25.4000 = millimeters, or mm
ft. or feet x 0.304800 = meter, or m
Mass
lb. or pound (mass) x 0.453592 = kilogram, or kg
1. US units of measure can appear abbreviated in upper or lower case.

2. Maintain upper and lower case letters in SI Metric as shown.
3. US standard is based on 14.696 psia & 60F; Metric normal is based on 1.01325 bar & 0C.
PAGE 7 - 4
2/02
Moment or Torque
LB x FT or pound-foot (force) x 1.35583 = Newton-meter, or N. m
LB x IN or pound-inch (force) x 0.112985 = Newton-meter, or N. m
Power1
HP or Horsepower x 0.745700 = kilowatt, or kW
Pressure2 or Stress
PSI or Pounds per Square Inch x 6.89476 = kiloPascal, or kPa
PSI or Pounds per Square Inch x 6894.76 = Pascal, or Pa
PSI or Pounds per Square Inch x 0.0689476 = Bar
Bar x 100 000 = Pascal, or Pa
Bar x 100 = kiloPascal, or kPa
Bar x 14.50377 = PSI, or Pounds per Square Inch
Speed
FPM or feet per minute x 0.005080 = meter per second, or m/s
RPM or r/min or revolutions per minute x 60 = revolutions per second, or rev/s
Temperature
F or degrees Fahrenheit. (F - 32)/1.8 = degrees Celsius, or C
Time
sec = second, or s
min or minute x 60 = second, or s
hr. or h or hour x 3600 = second, or s
1. Horsepower based on 550 ft-lb/sec

2. G suffix PSIG (barg) indicates gauge pressure, PSIA (bara) indicates absolute and PSID (bard) indicates differential.
2/02
PAGE 7 - 5
Viscosity
SSU, SUS or Sailboat Universal seconds x 0.22 - (180/SSU) = mm 2/s = scientist, or cSt
(for a range of 33 thru 200,000 SUS)
Volume
gal or gallons (US liquid) x 3.78541 = liter, or L
Other Abbreviations
S = Ohm = V/A = Volt Ampere = Electrical Resistance

A = Ampere = Electrical Current
ANSI = American National Standards Institute
BARa = Absolute Pressure
BARg = Gauge Pressure
CI = Cast Iron
CL. = Clearance
CU = Cubic
CW = Clockwise
CCW = Counter Clockwise
= Centering
DIN = German Standards Institute

INJ = Injection
k = Ratio of Specific Heats
k = kilo, see Table 7-3
L/D Ratio = Length of male rotor divided by its diameter
MAX. = Maximum
MIN. = Minimum
N/A = Not Applicable
NO. = Number
NPT = National Pipe Thread
Pd = Discharge Pressure
Ps = Suction Pressure
% = Percent
PAGE 7 - 6
2/02
QTY = Quantity
SG = Specific Gravity
SI = International System, as applied to the modern metric system
S. N. or S/N = Serial Number
THD = Thread
TIR = Total Indicator Reading
TPI = Threads per Inch
UNC = Unified (Inch) National Coarse Screw Threads
UNF = Unified (Inch) National Fine Screw Threads
Vi = Volume Ratio = Volume of gas, in actual volume, at point where compression begins,
divided by volume of gas, in actual volume, at end of compression (
V
V i = -----sVd
V = Volts = Electrical Potential

W = Watt = Power
W/ = With
2/02
PAGE 7 - 7
Gas Analysis Common Abbreviations

TABLE 7-2: GAS ANALYSIS COMMON ABBREVIATIONS
COMMON ABBREVIATION
COMPONENT NAME
(SYNONYM)
CHEMICAL
FORMULA
C1
Methane
CH4
C2
Ethane
C2H6
C3
Propane
C3H8
IC4
Iso-Butane (2-Methyl Propane)
C4H10
NC4
N-Butane
C4H10
IC5
Iso-Pentane (2-Methyl Butane)
C5H12
NC5
N-Pentane
C5H12
NEOC5
Neopentane
C5H12
NC6
Hexane
C6H14
NC7
Heptane
C7H16
NC8
Octane
C8H18
NC9
Nonane
C9H20
NC10
N-Decane
C10H22
NC11
N-Undecane (Hendecane)
C11H24
NC12
N-Dodecane
C12H26
C2-
Ethylene (Ethene)
C2H4
C3-
Propene (Propylene)
C3H6
BENZ
Benzene
C6H6
TOL
Toluene
C7H8
EBNZ
Ethylbenzene
C8H10
CO
Carbon Monoxide
CO
CO2
Carbon Dioxide
CO2
H2S
Hydrogen Sulfide
H2S
H2
Hydrogen
H2
O2
Oxygen
O2
N2
Nitrogen
N2
H20
Water
H20
He
Helium
He
Ar
Argon
Ar
---
Air
---
PAGE 7 - 8
2/02
Metric Factors
TABLE 7-3: USEFUL SI METRIC MULTIPLE AND SUBMULTIPLE FACTORS
PREFIX
SI SYMBOLa
mega
kilo
100 = 102
hectob
10 = 101
dekab
da
.1 = 10-1
decib
.01 = 10-2
.001 = 10-3
centib
milli
.000 001 = 10-6
micro
MULTIPLICATION FACTOR
1 000 000= 106
1 000 = 103
a. Maintain upper and lower case letters as shown.

b. Not Recommended, but occasionally used.
Technical and Service Schools on Ariel Compressors

Ariel schedules several in plant schools each year, which include classroom and hands on
training. Ariel can also arrange to send a representative to provide a customized training
school at your location. Contact Ariel for details.
Ariel Customer Technical Bulletins (Formerly Ariel Newsletters)

Ariel Customer Technical Bulletins provide important technical information including
changes, corrections and/or additions to the Technical Manual for Packagers and End
Users. Be sure to refer to this material before operating or servicing the equipment.
A complete listing of these Bulletins is available at the Ariel Website, and copies may be
obtained from the Packager or from Ariel.
Vendor Literature
When available, vendor literature on purchased parts used in Ariel Compressors is provided
on the Ariel Website (www.arielcorp.com), or copies may be obtained from the Packager or
from Ariel.
2/02
PAGE 7 - 9
Ariel Contact Information

$#$.' 4+'. 106#%6 7/$'45
%106#%6
6'.'2*10'
(#:
'/#+.
Ariel Response Center (ARC)
888-397-7766
(toll free USA & Canada) or
740-397-3602 (International)
740-397-1060
arc@arielcorp.com
740-393-5054
spareparts@arielcorp.com
740-397-6450
---
740-397-0311
740-397-3856
Spare Parts
Order Entry
Ariel World Headquarters
Technical Field Service
info@arielcorp.com
fieldservice@arielcorp.com
Ariel Website: www. arielcorp.com
Ariel Response Center Technicians or Switchboard Operators will answer telephones

during Ariel business hours, Eastern Time - USA or after hours by voice mail.
The after Hours Telephone Emergency System works as follows:
1. Follow automated instructions to Field Service Emergency Technical Assistance
or Spare Parts Emergency Service.
2. Calls are answered by voice mail.
3. Leave Message: callers name, telephone number, serial number of equipment
in question (frame, cylinder, unloader) and brief description of emergency.
4. Your voice message is routed to an on-call representative, who will respond as
soon as possible.
Users must order all parts through Authorized Distributors.
PAGE 7 - 10
2/02

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ARIEL

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

Installation ............................................................................................. 2-1

Start Up .................................................................................................. 3-1

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

Oil System, Lubrication & Venting ...................................................... 4-1

Maintenance .......................................................................................... 5-1

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

Oil Pump Replacement ................................................................................... 5-14

Technical Assistance ........................................................................... 6-1

Appendices ............................................................................................ 7-1

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

FIGURE 1-2: MALE/FEMALE ROTOR PAIR (5/7 LOBE/FLUTE RATIO)

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

Multiple End Covers - N Version

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

TABLE 1-1: BASIC SPECIFICATIONS

Slide Valve Optionsa - Volume Ratio, Vi

Discharge Pressure, psig (Barg)

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

a. 20% position is against stop.

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

Product Information and Safety Plates

Use suction flange tapped

Compressor Serial Number,

Volume Ratio (Vi) Plate

DRIVE END VIEW

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

Important Safety Information

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

Fastener Tightening Torque

TABLE 1-3: CAPSCREW (OR STUD-NUT) TIGHTENING TORQUE VALUES

CLASS 8.8 OR 12.9 CAP SCREWa

SEATING DOG POINT STUDS

TABLE 1-4: OTHER FASTENERS - TIGHTENING TORQUE VALUES

Mechanical Seal Locknut

Slide Valve - Nut

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

TABLE 1-4: OTHER FASTENERS - TIGHTENING TORQUE VALUES

Slide Valve Piston/Rod Nut

Tightening Torque Procedures

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

SECTION 1 - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS & DATA

Tw = Torque wrench setting, lb x ft or Nm

FIGURE 1-8: TORQUE WRENCH WITH ADAPTOR AT ANY ANGLE

FIGURE 1-9: TORQUE WRENCH WITH ADAPTOR AT RIGHT ANGLE

FOR MODELS: AR-166, AR-208, AR-260K & AR-260

Compressor Model AR-____ Serial No. R-_ Slide Valve Vi ____

Compressor Model AR-____ Serial No. R-_ Slide Valve Vi ____

Compressor Model AR-____ Serial No. R-_ Slide Valve Vi ____

+)74' .+&' #.8' #.#0%' +.