I HC QUC GIA THNH PH H CH MINH

TRNG I HC KHOA HC T NHIN

KHOA: IN T VIN THNG
B MN: MY TNH - H THNG NHNG

BI TP MN HC THIT K VLSI
TUN 2

GVGD: Nguyn c Phc

Thnh vin nhm (nhm 4):
1220116 - Lu Trung Tn
1220028 - Trn Hng c
1220089 - Nguyn Tin Phng
1020103 - Nguyn Vn Linh
1220092 - on Minh Qun
1220289 - Giang Thanh Phc

CU 1: VLSI DESIGN FLOW

1/System Ideas:
- Mc ch s dng ca h thng.
- Cu hnh ca h thng.
- S c check li trong phn verification.
2/System-level Verification:
- Do IC v cng phc tp nn ch cn mt b phn gp vn , ton b IC c th s khng
hot ng.
- System-level Verification c s dng kim tra li nhng thnh phn mang tm vc
h thng pht hin v sa cha nhng li c th c.
- C board mch s khng c kim tra, thay vo nhng tng v thit k ch c
kim tra thng qua kh nng thc hin chc nng tm h thng.
- C kh nhiu cng c h tr cho vn ny nh: LVS, DRC, ERC
3/Identifying Sub-blocks:
- L s chia nh qu trnh thc hin chip thnh nhiu khi nh.
- c thc hin nhm sp xp cc b phn c cng mc ch vo cng mt khi d
qun l, ng thi i dy d dng hn.
- Tt c cc khi c kt ni bng TOP LEVEL module.

BOTTOM-UP (FULL CUSTOM)

TOP-DOWN (STANDARD CELL)

4/Sub-block schematic: v schematic ch gm 4/+RTL Code: l mt loi intermediate

ton transistor bng phn mm Schematic representation rt gn vi ngn ng
Editor.
assembly, c dng trong cc trnh bin
dch.
+Structural Code: l code dng m t cc
kt cu cp cng.
5/Transistor level simulation: m phng
mch xem tha mn yu cu ca project
hay cha.

5/Logic Synthesis & Target Library Mapping:

s dng nhng thng tin bn trong Target
Library kt hp vi RTL v Structural Code
to thnh cc din dch cp cng logic
cho cc thnh phn ca mch.
+ Target Library: l cc tp hp cc cu lnh
c s dng khi vit code.

1|Page

Ex: Std. cell library, Embedded memory

compilers (memory libraries), Basic I/O
(general purpose), Speciality I/O.
6/Layout: to mask-layout bng cng c
Layout Editor.

6/Gate-level netlist : V c bn l mt mch

thc hin m t cc thit k ca cc thnh
phn c sn trong th vin (c mch t hp v
tun t) v mi lin kt ca chng. Cc netlist
ny c to ra bi cc cng c tng hp theo
cc rng buc c thit lp bi cc nh thit
k.
+ Schematic Capture: c s dng thay th
cc HDL code nhm to ra cc gin hoc
mch nguyn l ca h thng.

7/Extraction: kch thc linh kin cng nh

parasitic paremeters c tnh ton da vo
mask-layout.

7/Digital simulation: l vic s dng cc

phn mm m phng d on hnh vi
ca cc mch k thut s v Hardware
description language . M phng c th c
thc hin mc khc, chng hn nh
cp transitor, mc cng, Register
Transition Level (RTL), Electronics systemlevel (ESL) hoc mc hnh vi.

8/Layout vs schematic check (LVS): bc ny

nhm kim tra tin cy ca mt n. Sau khi
thit k xong mt n, thit k phi c
kim tra vi s mch ban u xem c
thc s chnh xc vi b tr mch ban
u.Nu c bt k li g(thiu hoc tha kt
ni ) th phi c sa cha ngay.

8/Placement and routing (standard cell):

l mt giai on trong vic thit k cc bng
mch in , mch tch hp. N bao gm hai
bc, placement v routing :
_ Bc u tin, placement, bao gm vic
quyt nh ni t tt c cc linh kin
in t , mch in , v logic ca cc yu t
trong mt s lng gii hn ca khng gian
chung.
_ Tip theo l routing, n quyt nh vic
thit k chnh xc ca tt c cc dy cn thit
kt ni cc thnh phn c t. Bc
ny phi thc hin tt c cc kt ni mong
mun trong khi theo cc quy tc v hn ch
ca qu trnh sn xut.

2|Page

9/Post-layout simulation: trch xut t netlist ra nhng mch nh c nhim v nht

nh hoc mt h thng, mc ch l kim
tra nh gi v tc mch, nh hng ca
t k sinh v cc trc trc xy ra do tn hiu b
sai lch do tr.

9/Post Layout Simulation: l bc m t cc

bc cn thit chy mt m phng trn
bn thit k. Cc bc ca m phng trn
bn thit k gm:
- Chit xut t Layout
- Chit xut t Cell xem
- M phng s Layout
- Tm tt cc Cell c
- M phng cc Cell xem

10/Placement & routing

Sp linh kin vo trong mt vng xp sn ri map cc chn li vi nhau.
11/Verification
Kim tra li, timing, chc nng mch. Nu khng ng yu cu th phi map li.
12/Tape-out:
a photomask cho fab.
13/Prototyping
Lm bn mu th.
14/Test:
Kim tra bn mu.
15/Fabrication:
Sau khi kim tra, chnh li, th em sn xut s lng ln.
CU 2: SO SNH THIT K THEO BOTTOM-UP V TOP-DOWN
- Bottom-up:
+ Thit k cc thnh phn t thp nht(t cc cng logic) cu thnh nn cc b
phn phc tp hn cho n khi hon chnh h thng.
+ u im: c th ti u ha.
+ Nhc im: Nu mun thay i th phi thay i t nhng thit k cn bn nht.
+ c s dng cho nhng thit b c thit k sn, c cc thnh phn c sn,
hoc nhng thnh phn tiu chun nh phn cng, motor.
3|Page

- Top-down:
+ c thc hin t trn xung, s dng nhng thnh phn c thit k sn v i
dy li.
+ u im: rt t cng vic phi thc hin li khi c thay i.
+ Nhc im: khng th ti u ha.
+ c s dng rng ri thit k mt phn hay ton b h thng khi yu t thi
gian thit k qu ngn.

4|Page