Precipitation Titration

Precipitation Titration: Precipitation titration are based upon reactions that yield ionic
compounds of limited solubility. The most important precipitating reagent is AgNO 3. And
precipitation means formation of precipitate.

AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO3

Principle of precipitation titration: The main principle of the precipitation titration is that
the quantity of the added precipitating reagent or precipitant is equivalent to the
substance being precipitated.
Classification of Precipitation titration: Precipitation titration is two types.
i. Direct titration method or Mohrs method
ii. Indirect titration method or Back titration or Volhards method
Direct Titration: The substance in solution is directly titrated with a titrant or precipitant
and the end point in the precipitation is detrmined by the use of internal indicator. E.g.
assay of NaCl.
NaCl + H2O K2Cr O4 [potassium chromate (indicator)]
Titrate against 0.1 AgNO3 till brick
Red color is obtained

Indirect Titration: The excess of AgNO3 is added to the solution of halide acidified with
nitric acid. The unreacted AgNO3 is treated against standard NH4CNS solution using
ferric salt as an indicator, e.g. assay of NH 4Cl.
NH4Cl + H2O + nitric acid + nitrobenzene + AgNO3 (excess)

Shake frankly for 1 minute and add ferric salt indicator

Titrate with 0.1N NH4CNS till reddish brown color.

MD. ASIF HASAN NILOY | Pharmacy 24 Batch (3rd Semester)