Syllogism....

Some basic concepts..

Ayan Sanyal

Some A are B.

All A are B

Some A are not B

No A are B

*****When there is a +ve statement we cannot conclude -ve.

Ex.1
St. Some A are B.
A

Con: 1. Some B are A.

2. All B are A.
3. Some B are not A.
4. Some A are not B.
Ans. 1-TRUE
2- FALSE
3- FALSE
4- FALSE

EX.2
St. No A are B
A

Con: 1. Some B are not A.

2. Some A are not B.
3. Some B are A.
4. Some A are B.
Ans. 1-TRUE
2- TRUE
3- FALSE
4- FALSE

Ayan Sanyal

Ex.3
St. Some A are B.
Some B are C.
A

Con.
1. Some B are A.
2. Some B are not A.
3. Some C are A.
4. Some C are not A.
5. Some C are B.
6. Some C are not B.
7. All A are B.
8. No A are B.

Ans.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE
6. FALSE
7. FALSE
8. FALSE

Either...or

Rules of Either...OR.
a) Both conclusion must be wrong.
b) Subject-predicate of both conclusion must be same.
c) one conclusion is +ve, other must be -ve.(Exception: 'All' with 'No' invalid)

Ayan Sanyal