REPORTED SPEECH STATEMENTS

REPORTED VERB + (THAT) + S + V ONE TENSE BACK

DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

SIMPLE PRESENT
HE SAID, I GO TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY.

SIMPLE PAST
HE SAID (THAT) HE WENT TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY.

SIMPLE PAST
HE SAID, I WENT TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY.

PAST PERFECT
HE SAID (THAT) HE HAD GONE TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY.

PRESENT PERFECT
HE SAID, I HAVE GONE TO SCHOOL EVERY
DAY.

PAST PERFECT
HE SAID (THAT) HE HAD GONE TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY.

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
HE SAID, I AM GOING TO SCHOOL EVERY
DAY.

PAST PROGRESSIVE
HE SAID (THAT) HE WAS GOING TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY.

PAST PROGRESSIVE
HE SAID, I WAS GOING TO SCHOOL EVERY
DAY.

PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
HE SAID (THAT) HE HAD BEEN GOING TO SCHOOL
EVERY DAY,

FUTURE (WILL)
HE SAID, I WILL GO TO SCHOOL EVERY
DAY.

WOULD + VERB
HE SAID (THAT) HE WOULD GO TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY.

FUTURE (GOING TO)

HE SAID, I AM GOING TO SCHOOL EVERY
DAY.

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
HE SAID (THAT) HE IS GOING TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY.
PAST PROGRESSIVE

HE SAID (THAT) HE WAS GOING TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY

DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

CAN
HE SAID, I CAN GO TO SCHOOL EVERY
DAY.

COULD
HE SAID (THAT) HE COULD GO TO SCHOOL
EVERY DAY.

MAY
HE SAID, I MAY GO TO SCHOOL EVERY
DAY.

MIGHT
HE SAID (THAT) HE MIGHT GO TO SCHOOL
EVERY DAY.

MIGHT
HE SAID, I MIGHT GO TO SCHOOL EVERY
DAY.
MUST
HE SAID, I MUST GO TO SCHOOL EVERY
DAY.

HAD TO
HE SAID (THAT) HE HAD TO GO TO SCHOOL
EVERY DAY.

HAVE TO
HE SAID, I HAVE TO GO TO SCHOOL
EVERY DAY.
SHOULD
HE SAID, I SHOULD GO TO SCHOOL
EVERY DAY.

SHOULD
HE SAID (THAT) HE SHOULD GO TO SCHOOL
EVERY DAY.

OUGHT TO

OUGHT TO

HE SAID, I OUGHT TO GO TO SCHOOL

EVERY DAY.

HE SAID (THAT) HE OUGHT TO GO TO SCHOOL

EVERY DAY.

REPORTED SPEECH

VERB OF
SAYING
IN THE PAST
STATING

CONNECTION
THAT......
WHETHER...... IF.....
WHO (SUBJECT).......
WHAT (SUBJECT).....

ASKING

EXAMPLE
HE STATED THAT TOM
HAD GONE.
HE ASKED WHETHER, IF
HE WANTED TO KNOW
WHO WENT HOME.
WHAT WENT WRONG

WHO,WHAT(OBJECT)
.......
THEY INQUIRED HIM
WHERE, WHEN, WHY, WHAT HE WOULD DO.
WHOSE, HOW...

ORDERING, (NOT ) TO +
REQUESTING INFINITIVE

HE,
SHE
YOU HE,
SHE,
THEY
WE
THEY
THEY THEY
HE,
HE,
SHE SHE,

WE TOLD HIM TO GO TO
BED.

PERSONAL PRONOUNS POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

PLACES

MY

HIS,
HER,
MY
YOUR HIS,
HER,
MY
HIS, HIS,
HER HER
THEIR THEIR
OUR, THEIR

HERE THERE
THIS THAT
THESE THOSE
HERE, AT THE
THERE GEORGE
HOTEL,
AT
SCHOOL

TIME EXPRESSIONS
LAST YEAR/ MONTH/ THE YEAR/ MONTH/
WEEK
WEEK BEFORE
YESTERDAY,
THE DAY BEFORE
YESTERDAY

THE DAY BEFORE,

TWO DAYS BEFORE

TODAY

THAT DAY, YESTERDAY,

THE DAY BEFORE

TOMORROW

THE NEXT DAY

THE DAY AFTER

TOMORROW

IN TWO DAYS

NEXT
THE FOLLOWING
WEEK/MONTH/YEAR WEEK/MONTH/YEAR
ON MONDAY

ON MONDAY, 11TH
DECEMBER

THIS MORNING /
AFTERNOON /
EVENING/NIGHT

THAT MORNING /
AFTERNOON / EVENING/
NIGHT

LAST WEEK,
MONTH, YEAR

THE PREVIOUS WEEK,

MONTH, YEAR

THREE DAYS,
WEEKS,
MONTHS, ...YEARS
AGO

THREE DAYS, WEEKS,

MONTHS, .....YEARS
BEFORE

QUESTIONS
REPORTED VERB + WH WORD + S + V ONE TENSE BACK
DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

AUXILIARY + VERB

SIMPLE PAST

HE SAID, DO YOU GO TO
SCHOOL EVERY DAY?
HE SAID, WHERE DO YOU
GO TO SCHOOL?

HE ASKED ME IF I WENT TO
SCHOOL EVERY DAY.*
HE ASKED ME WHERE I
WENT TO SCHOOL.

REQUESTS
REPORTED VERB + (NOT) TO DO STH
DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

IMPERATIVE

INFINITIVE

HE SAID, GO TO SCHOOL

HE TOLD ME TO GO TO

EVERY DAY.

SCHOOL EVERY DAY.

TENSES
NO BACKSHIFT
HE SAYS, I SPEAK ENGLISH.
HE SAYS THAT HE SPEAKS
ENGLISH.

BACKSHIFT
HE SAID, I AM HAPPY.
HE SAID THAT HE WAS HAPPY.
DIRECT SPEECH
PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
SIMPLE PAST
PRESENT PERFECT
PAST PERFECT
PAST PROGRESSIVE
PRESENT PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE

REPORTED SPEECH
PAST SIMPLE
PAST PROGRESSIVE
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

FUTURE (GOING TO)
FUTURE (WILL)

PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

WAS / WERE GOING TO
WOULD

COULD, SHOULD, WOULD, MIGHT, MUST, NEEDNT, OUGHT TO, USED TO DO NOT
CHANGE.
HE SAID, SHE MIGHT BE RIGHT. HE SAID THAT SHE MIGHT BE RIGHT.