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11Maths_1ATAR
Sine rule
Cosine rule
By Mr. F. Li
Thursday 19th Feb 15
ST1W3
Learning Objectives
Review
Sine rule
Cosine rule
Bearing
Review
Trigonometric Functions are the
DefN Sin =
Opposite
y
Hypotenuse = r = y
DefN Cos =
Adjacent
x
Hypotenuse = r = x
Def N Tan =
Tan =
Opposite y
=
x
Adjacent
Sin
Cos
Sin2 + Cos 2 = 1
For supplement angles ( + = 180):
Sin (180- ) = Sin
Cos (180- ) = - Cos
Tan (180- ) = - Tan
Sine rule
For any ABC, a is the opposite side length of the angle A vice versa, we have below equations
hold true:
a
Sin A
= Sinb B = Sinc C
h1
b
h1 = b Sin A ---------- 1
h1
a
h1 = a Sin B ---------- 2
In right ACD,
b Sin A
(Sin A Sin B)
b
= a
Sin B Sin A
B
= (SinaASin
Sin B)
------------------------ 3
h2
c
h2 = c Sin B ------ 4
h2
b
h2 = b Sin C ----- 5
In right AEC,
b Sin C
(Sin B Sin C)
b
c
=
Sin B Sin C
B
= (SincBSin
Sin C)
------------------------ 6
Equation 4 = Equation 5
a
b
c
=
=
, Proved.
Sin A Sin B Sin C
Eg 3. C = 120, b = 3.4 mm, a = 1.2 mm, solve the triangle? Can you use the sine rule?
Cosine rule
Cosine Rule states that for any triangle:
c2 = a2+ b2 - 2 Abe Cos C
a2 = b2+ c2 - 2 BC Cos A
b2 = a2+ c2 - 2 AC Cos B
Prove Cosine Rule in an acute triangle
C
a
Prove:
h
A
h
b
h = b Sin A ------------------------ 1
Cos A =
AD
b
AD = b Cos A
DB = AB - AD = c - b Cos A ----------------------------------------------- 2
In right CDB,
Summary
Sine rule states For any ABC,
a
Sin A
= Sinb B = Sinc C