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F
I
F

fiar

rts1fr qE ffirq.t $ft {fr EEE freqq s-{F qtff-s GIrm c{'{r6i <Fr< q<(c(crcn ccBr{
qrsrwr cq'{t cq-<- s't< ftd Ee +fu-src< ryfl{ qlricf silir s6-{ .l\f rTft'rrs EKB qftS arqq s-fi(
q-{qfr icl[q r .rgB t{ s'rr c.rrriF-ir ,rcsq
tr{ rF-fl rrw r.rqB srfiqq Rq-dx r( g-{v- ,ao
<-crcq

fr-drql

+qt

<m r fr-q w"tFo ssfi ?<{R.s {fcd qc"rco tq-"rfcffi

et q-{q&-rs AIrq' El{rrs {0rS

qrt
{l6qfs, ffiq alqqfcq-rt eT{ es;t cI. mdrq $* {r$ w{s {ft ryo $o*u-< c({n=
.{dflrs ft crqq o-<s r ft"m s {osrsr
1k< +-ro ffiq, <q a q,<qu em.Isr Jt-.Bt o-rq fir$cq
C{

fa{Rs qtr{ "r<-{qrc {fl qcse 6 6 ffivzu Trtt fi-q{ S,:rqq <rilg qmc{
qt r eQ frnq q{R iF<rr{ q{:r S qttrqr sEfs frrs {:rm r <t(srcqr.kt qqnq qQ r{ A .iRcq-{
<l(qrcqcEr

emqq g'rg{nstrflsE< T'Gr qr{Cq

I
i

'lI

I
I
I

i
a

i.
I

i
i
I
t
i

frq_q1

F<r< q<<R tQ+'fr{r<

Widow and widower marriage

qrrcsT r<<-<t t<<rRr

K t{T wrnffi m<m rfirq rrnn<r<

<Ircq r YftK W< ffi
TL?rc{ cot-6{t fr<r{I {frflt R-{R Tn{c{ qr{E( qd
}rl${"ls qH <Tm {lft qm rRFflrl qaq {sr{-q-sG frQs fr{-{ nR-{tqt fr6r-{R $S eqq s"c<n I (q
evrE qmt fr<-{ IREIm qT{ q1ft ep't o-scs q{ c{ TIfr frms qf6 e+-{t< ft-{fq omqrryq q<(
rsrril qI c+,rrll r.Brc"t ,.s$r &R A A-i ft<{ Tt'rq s-{Rq r
fr< Nrs qs'si1 eI$ {JB fr'"f&T q{ I ql(qIcq'H-<r qrfei fr,fqfiq-{ qc{r<5t ,f{'{fr ft-{fq
s-GFr I ql{FqE q-$r{a{ q?KI EqsE q-dT{-q {m fu&s q1 iotrt Elr ffi'rq fr-fr{-{R ft rqq
<i(q[ccr.K

1trq{

qmre-+-\rrc< fiEscIRp

iryru

<zace r flrFF

qf{t

s-GFt

UE

${,fus rylmfretq

<Iqqfcr6-r{ lryryfcq 6EET<F q<< urr<f6<E

Levirate & Sororate in Society of Bangladesh.

<Iqxqrffi;ffi wrcq frrr-d qrrsr rcBr .{q qq 6Effi

ilevirate) q<( {rdk+E (sororate)
qffift? ,E1p ,aqrsr q& sr<
T\r- srfin frw ft* :rrwr ft-<n <affi qf<E{ E{ I ,{ q3?ffi( k{tq
,rwcq <tfrq vG' cq'{I ff{ r ctrflirq-s 6ot-q IREIF
Ufr ,rmf cltre qfr-q"
q
qaRI
ntq E{p <frr lrq& frl-<l
sr{ Tm-lr{ c$rm srrs fi.r,s c{rs qt etrcr c{
vo p-AfS< fr-<f<m'f CqtE v1t et;<rm EF {rs{ frcn-{ <F1xNI s-dl {r I

1*

,*} t*

rffi

p a< caB 6{Fns frcrd ft&e qmrcn< q,trrs <,-fl rE e afrFde {< {r,
ryf <wm <r+ sE{R, p fu Frt qsms- {-S frrs 1o S< *.*t c<Fr tqq

{r{rr{D EoIt{

Err-r qqrrst<
a-fl qr e<( Es{

ET.F

erm-{

rmfrF

c-ren<D

frrrq q--r{ q{

<r<qrc!?erir q-{t6q 'Brf,rqrdr q<(.

'

lsqfrq 6q1

@ffire{ RrR

Marriage trau
fr<r{,$

Ef6fs e<(

ql{fcE'T

mfffi

vll?<ll-e {E
"llEIE

sprfl{-g

"LEilEfE ot&-q e<( {1xFu-TTts

qqi351ot&-{

slqls s,R r<frq< vC<ift<n\n-{6fcffi {tqt fr<-q.r{ I qqfgt, rlTls_TTls

rglt mfr+a vrrle fr-qfq qT0" qerR $qI s.rr r{ I q {i-rfi
fr<Icqf, (szE EdI Bcmj <Frq s.6
qsF qq qrST-sR rret{to 6qtTq'nt sfl; qrcFrB qq
6q6-6- qdts,rqft frrq.crir rc$ ilrfi
EEl,t cG {iriTcfit q-qF[-qru-{t TK fu<R qf frcs freTrq? TC{I
.rrgf{cq-{
qB
il?rcs u;R r
cf,q-{Rtrrnrsm <rErcq mB<t e rrna fr<e flfr 6q6q 6fi
EfEfs <(

ctrrrql eturaF <r{Tl

rFrIrq fufq Sqwtl
qmsrcq

<t(Efmrfi

wfu

ffil

- -"

6qR Cm {.cqrE

ft-<rqqqfk+ratrsr
Rt wrq

Endogamous group <I

fiR'( r B4 wro-vr{ fr<n:rs<

q-&fq ffiefus cfr& r sc< or{s qa <lGo{
<Ec{rs fr<R

q< r

qr-<{

q&E

clt er{ {s

{q-s

'{

crIffi

frcr< fiiro qo,

\rctr{rq (endogamy) e<( <Rcfq (exqgqmy)

k<rq q6E qs <rfl
tttl l gw mror+t
"rm-trfr< vrEli ft-<n ;nsr r ch-rt, .e-Iql, qIG, crnfu, <"F-c+ng {{l {rs
mlfi cq-.{ EI r gr{ or{s,est v-HI, qsg cq.|, grg vnrFq e qrd-{TI&-S nffin<
ofs1rtrci,

'

Bride wealth
qBTHir

vm-rq

f-<Soe

{ctqq1

:qt<rirEqu-l< ysFf{fq q<< <Rffi<rR

ry

grfq6-Sey6rfrS-{,q-.e,-t

sfi

s{ird

<l<I

fr{

ag1

efirs ,t{ st qilq

T-{,leftfift"tft"

omfrmqsilr

6*

:{r<T <t

6rt

Mahr

.S

fr{n E{d
qcr(?Flit qt wr ffi.J
{fitu

c{ro r-{rl{ qPfr.d

qTIq\,-rl<.fr{
'Cf+-l

?il(sfml=t 1fr"{f<, fr'<t< E

utftrrord

b1

<IqqIffiH-dTNICqfrilT{iT ffi1
i

pr

rr{t'ffft {l

F
F

,qs k-{fq

T{& frqrq

frr<rlfr l&sftqtq

c6rffi/q.6. lrs,

F,

oBtilafqrTs'r&-T fr{rq

aq<Gs GtErFir[.
Marriage transaction
fr-<tqcs coE s'ct

I
I
L

lr

$eR-g-.s"rcfrs{

{l:fuq

Bfl-.rc's

qq qfl.rI {EI&-{

$rr-"nfr e<( sEq{

<r qfffu

t_.

qqrflfr ryn

ffi:qt e1 @ ffi

r'cq

q,r-{j"fis.rrcq 6<t<tlr{tir q,{,

E-q,

ffio

7
Ir

ErE ic<iq E"rq-F q-FF <io6l< c;f6q{

nElsrr<

il

{me

qcrrq q<( qre r FrG ,l

E6g

qffs

1 qQ

6ffimi-sq Trrffit

1ffim*

4-*t erfi cqfts rthtrriffiT( Trt qq

ryref

,IE[e|ltT
Bride wealth

rffrs qr{ erF q:t! Frrsa rm "rft{ <r[-Trr$ "nft< qql firffiS qqne Bto {q
furr<.frt'o w r frq-u qqft yqn ,s<( r_yd q,{rs qds 8o ? c.rme q{tfr ar oat ftcre
s1;t r-{Ifd <fil TTirrs qFrq {fE{ F{t <lrri <|F efrffiF srt'tiIg-{ $frt <RT.q{q qdcrqq fiftE;r
qra-clit

qEico qq <l rFIII'FI

ro.rrerrcrd

o'm

frtils

qcr Tiu qs r lrrlBl

"fffiH qq elql qrq \ffil cq![ rrls qI r <n(
effi.q.tl f<-rm
eFr{ qql) Tcfu ir{rrq m-{ cET rit )bbo
*,to

ftqr<

frm,f s-{E 6D& 6qs$

EIqfr <t

cEtsT-C

*-

&c

qcfcq r e

lr*fr6qlTfl

,fr+6fr-ue q-5qtD{I

$T{

*"

Frq3

Mahr

{trr fr{n YNB {Ifrn ryrrq ffis ryo1-{ q1opgffi qim Td e-E+ pqrm rcqR Trrq' q{
qci(Fiii <i q{i mr'{ frB-+q <r cqfurs trq{ <r cqq-6{r$
Rrqz< qqnft= ?FirI qs I cq-{-frRl ?tir
c{rs F-{Ilit ql"L .lsB qifu o?tt 1lfr{ qfi q-{T1ft ..{sE qft-s6 | Cq-{-frq-d
(t{d
"ffrpfl< Tiil
wII sl-qrflfj-$ | cq-{-mrqfl frca-* w qal6q qr$r$ q<(
g-c<
"rffiffcg lrytsFr {Rrn( F<t Ttfl q6-

bb

Bw qt$fi-$

wrqfrwr*

s'f wqlR "|fr'mq s<rcu q6{ | cnt-ffiR6 qs.qq \di-a'1r ft< r

ft* 1ry w+l mG csfCr6 S-a1
Cqq-dl{{oQ"t srfs e11.6< ll

slcq;r r-{Jrd

qqr

qflfi

et

qq

fr-{Ir:

{f55;1;

c{ qEIfi-{ crfcs-{ {< rrt f c$]T Trfrt ffr cnr-mf< lqft&

tfrr'ttq $G-{ r qfi-os.r c$@t ftfl $ft-ft{ Tq<r{rrs rs ql qr - qq'fl qql<,r 6?-{-c{r$ nR
'tfr-sm om rftm TTI S'C< 6q-q I qqTI T',rfi ql Tit-cq Erffirs ws.sR s.ljl-cq qq?fi q{, 6$tHI
F,lTcct fiT-mr{d cIR s-d (etrs friE qlro I qrs ft*t cq-{-c{|S
cEza <fus q{
<fg<

R{:

aqqrccr.H

.i

q
c{{r{q, iil

c{E 6oE:r5r

{r t{qo

:rrlrGiit srqilErrI{

;ffi

ErF {irFI r-ql ff{

qFl
"tfrqF sffi<rrcr

+q1=nrsru+{l.r--\e:'rqffr -EefCE-T{

Gift exchange at marriage

fr-+<rc co,E <ry< "fie-"fl& e<( ETfi-< fiTE u.te q{ \trnir <rFH< 6n*K q|Tft 6ffr-CE-{
qIcF-{
1qrfl&-<Fafin qqqsrcm clftrc w{qrq csrq etB"rqm E-"rfrs-{or c<Fr qR qrrs
.

EtRn+otrd
51&ryoffia

$.cir

ofl
{{q r{m q*

R<n esB

ft{

B"rrfts{ cffrcqqEr{

q$Tfr'$ qfrrt r 6OX

"r6cx frei q-{h-{m
etrtrF

6sE. s.Gr

ffi-s

Definition

E"rqn-

EIfu{:Dr6rutfu;

,fffr m{B tr*, }<tfto e6f{ qTqtft Esr

"rcsr:rqfu ?tfs;E *o*o*t qt {:1.s, frm-< p
q{&ftrd qE"i ttfr*-qffi \n-{6fn, ftrs{ frT qR,.frcfd
q-{em {rdl, ,11r..t <Rt-$ s
"r< ci-sts
qtls'e
qri{t
s{rtT,
nqK
"nft <r +r<{rs E"r+* Borrfisr{ qft-" <Tfi r ,rra? t{t_ql q<(
q;qi-ffi, a61-ffig qf;FF {:t{ B"rqr* q6fif e1H i

ifrr<ra

W<t

IMfrw
between
,i

I
qfur
TerdrsR ror<r rii
ql-frs-Tq{
sRmr q6'l

Errs{ esfr Fibr cerrs ,:K scr qH

<irc-d-ir ftffi {Nt, 6"1Hra-ffiqq, ,R{r-oEr, q&,

q<( Irtfiro-{-er qrff qtfr E<mTft, bq-q,,;q, qIT{R'rdr, n
fc qd.. ffi

E"rqrd-tr'rcfr<E-{ 6tr1-chq

qrt

?n-r$

Kin......'tl(

related to

others.'tl

1983:540)

nffi 1ffi

utGr'r6 pru r
$H iFTrE {qs ElBd
cl{Rqio fiu rf{ff

<6T{.6mgF Er+
wadwprm qrfost "t;ft< <Fil-{r "rp.rs frq U,rqr< rT1-aft fr6g qf{rqi
e<( fr'F {f{aq glilt tB? qq I E-r{ ql{f&ir crfe-{ qtqaffi erB
"tff[r qfrffi <t <mr vnFrcro
(demand) "lRqE qT I qms
q<(
frrs< "R trft< <R-ct rrCo qr+o c.Tfr-nft
"ttEt-e frrs{ TiR
E rqm ql{ft Etfr <r(ce- qrro r trft< <m-lt cvm frm ch-<r< qrs 6err<F q{R, T.rrfmErre prq
RrsnF
atfl qc{q {r(o-d ql {rq-errEt ffi "5rct <l<l qrer - qeRr fr'r,{T
nfr
s3na{
<c6l
"tT
"fR'6'.il(
qfrErfl( {cE{ r qem q'trrro-< t'csa q.-ry( ffi
qgr qm ed qI r q< vm ft< ser-?r 6{cq
T<q s<r
qrfi {m q{r{{ frfs-{ r ,{T{fr fi{T'slr{ fifsq or< ft< qlq c(qr{ <rrd
{rrs
qrK 668-{ T{ <tircs qirFl<r s-Crs <q< qIC'l (>tuo1
cfi-g-s fi6gfq qt{ fi"f scrqq I vr:q
qr
q1q
qrq
mc-r* vrq-fir"t
firt&-s {ruwrst 1R + ctm ,qQ qtt{ fi-urun< dd"$< q<f +Eq
q orscqQ qrtl6 qT,Q {qrftE EI{R qr r u6< qDIg fr+
6q dp-$ qEq qr{mn qqr,Q qffi fi-{E6t
qr-rt
q{Gr
rrr
srt {Er
1ry Efi-q ap6

Er

lqfr{ rrrlFrl
Biological ticr!

+.

ca*r c'rfl-Etft *
3
irqn
lqlg elti{Bra
il

fr
a

,l
t,A

i
I

1.

!a{Rra-s:

Ties of

'

6{rr{

merriry

6{k 6l

rma6-aqF{ Qgnfur

<trcqc.f ,{frrR,
L

iIFII

frslt

u,|furprf

Rt crrffi {r<Ia rqfurs re-m ffi-om ft1s m r q?, Rr crnq f;r"t_qlsl

r{ird friTlEr rFR $UI qlqrcrrs qr*+ E,Rr< clT.ft'(6s8il
e}rrs cfi-F-

<Rqrcm K

E|Ihir
{ICiFI

he

ffi

*O; fr*

6rB@E qH a'(s{

Rt

qqrr,q<

,{t

q*tIB

r{fr{ c{t(q q{erm{ <rcircq r e {rd.[F ,Icil"tR frs

Ts I T{e- 6<skrq, {tfr Ffstr wef{, nk{kq-<
o,frq-< gtttrs mq ft+raq| cfl,,qd_qfcn* stIq qfft
ryrGEt q4aC<Ercq qc{o cifl&-s nrygl&-$ onq
cilv-o orm ,tEro oM rr<ra r qw srir.t
T(
crF {Rl.cq Ee[ FItI e qllrfr{ JrrDENf
q.tfrd
cfig<r
\trc{r$?
no1B+-<rcv "n<re
anm
'tfrqi< s<K <F qr.rr stfi sTR

knt
t

ae

erc+prr6r rrqet e rra_erte

El&q.Drr{r

{$6t

Definition of Kinship
xqq re{H qffis-Ts-{, EIBC"nffr w','i q<o

qfit ffi qrffi .rC{, ,ft{stfr<'

qq
'rqqQ
ulGqq{rglB*lrm{qq1Wt,
'Ifufr ffi{ Tt{'sla Kinship and Marriageqrat {GFr, ,,Kinship isrsimply the relaiiorts

q{q ur&:rq{rorrs qrfrs-{s.{ <I w'r&srffi

T{rsrd :ror<ft+t cqnrrs
qrfr-{w sql *t&q6r{ TIRcrs
qtrnqir qqrq T:rrsi-n-{ErAo qq6 qKEq qr q<(
-TE{
Enm rrers *,B? rse rr-R( rrrg csnq r q q-{rQrqirbryqd
c<rq ffi qfr-w-{ur{ {{rsrd
>rqata .u*m TI r qrd ,s q*Q ut&rord< qftTsE
cc*rs rqt q*zq, ,,The state of being
related to others'" w{q w*r+raa* rrdrt
Terdrs qesrd q<qE EI&{er6 (Schaefer, sociologt
between Kin'....."

EEtGwqt'Fs utG-<"fir$nfof.ttr< | q{s {.q+t

<*sn_frrfi r e qdQ etfrryo16
<lFI <arcu Tq-s qtG-<Erla srfi{rst AFIm
I

cl(Rctu {m r+cl-< ur&-<-*qq-fre,rr {ru trrna wferyqd rrry

srb | frjFr_

F{,
h
h
h
F
I

I
i

ir
r

il
t

1-

+.

fl

!l,
il

rt
d)
6
a
p
d
_9

EI
I

ffi+qF{T<T6raqfuqq6

F$t

fi*-ffi

p*t o,sl? rycq Tgf*-c-$B{ q<!, qt&_o,silT <q.F[.Bfu{

<t fif_rrn ,k
I q< qlc3rfs {r!t Tg {effi-T qffis (Ulood
relations)

6qq

q.

r{{GTTi{q

Ties of marriage
6Eqq

{t aflinity

ffi{ ao ft6< qq-r-{q-{cq{ rym urB (a$r r q\,-rm tt<-"rItq, sEi-cq-{f,, Trqffi< :rpt r*16zo <rdl t+{tRs {efi \[tr g,rcqTcF <rfi q{ 6qIR_s Ef&

.llqs-TqF{

bo

Eo

q.ipEfrqqqfi

ct{,fr{

.'

Fictional ties
Te
TJ&(T

<T

iT{i-r{$

Role of-Kinshi

W m e:r{ <fiOm? rrpt qfirfl EItEir :fCsR rryf6r"t TR I qsf6r TtrrF

F{m <t qE$

qq-<rf;i

EFT qQ, qrtr

TEt T6t?s fia'sl qtanq ufrqm ElE1, q1q1, tr,r. {|Emr <Cq qr$sFr
qrq wmrcr rrm I

<fi

u,rftm

ETB-EITfi qREqriI

qr{q r q& c
riT;t rFGt; qrrm ufi
qrTill

r[. rfi[pfs pq-a

Customary ties
rilfts qg| frfta crm{r :r+s \TFKI frr.E fi'cql
C{:l'{: ffifg, fu1, Cq ffi
I

*6ryq-5

lrrnF rs{rcq'diEfi

@a

Tcgf

fu-n <*gg r-r{,rrrv yfr

ftffi

g. rfiurF iF{-{

u6{ ?tfr{
Elfrr-{ eft sd<r,tFt
yqs fu< qFrqrur

qfuA

Rrrr
qtH
rr{prrorrqe

Brr-i?

Ties of adoption

c{fffi qrri qtrIcF qEq{ qfrf qtEo ,{q, ,flT{r r{Jt Rcqr{ q'|Brs cR.t TGr{ cq( qtrrsDl
cl$r'tT l.f,ER qffr {iaH Tmd r r5ICriT rrrul c{ ut& <"+t'fcg A ffi1Q qqqtrs itrrFt
I

vm cnsq qIIa
ut&'ryq-{ffiBq5qa

crp1fr[6,

rrn{rt

fl

{Fmd
crmonnfitl

qrsrs {r6t,
qr$q

qra ft<ua *-Q

\{r*r wFrl FIriIrFL,

effiit {-rrsl

<fue qqhfuqrr:
?trqT(iI

qtu qe rfr
qETI R(c q {r{ Q
rut&

,t{q fitE1
fiff8 ,rfs q{s qf,
m rwB-roff5q q[
qr rElq(frwfryqq
ql

,H

<t(Effi?l ff<R, fr<R

t.

e,ut|W

bl

',
" i"i1'r';:: .;"""

.r:

Roleof

Kinship

rrGur-rd

qffiE

q(qr rTNt&<r

Er{-Er& e qfr-q1

$.

,F[i r urfurq?:\ilrrffilfr"fcq

qfr-qrfil {Rrr{rd qrs rqsrfifrs sGr } sr{EE" <lgrccrfir rr{Ei qFs qoeBe..-+ r st& TesE{
lllT{t \rF{nr r u.t& etl qlrtr6a-{ T{tqr+ qa {Tr+{ cqe& Crl Trd; {Efrs ye cr-r- EHfr-d
ffi
riFt :FGI; \r+r+ u'tG cqrro silftfs qW{, qqrslfuts qts rGT qtqim-R"rm'sffr'sffit qftr{
r
Erffi r qiriffi qi'.,-riqa e <ft Fr[<iqe Erfu? sfu <5!iu fliil's{ qre B"rcc.l cET
r

fr<q s'{r+ril coR qqt}r+q BXBr crro ul& qtt srrcil Tt <rtt ER rfivrp "ms
"rft{
qe
u.Ifu
+-6<l "rE{ oms ftra wfrs 6<Frm +6qi cqm {te"tl esfi {I{ qt q{8, EH{-{cifr
urq

yar frr{< qtqerc-d utfurorr6< ERI o{cTl'{t etstfrE qr r qag ure-qerr{< qq<I{qrd
Wrq{ qfi,rq Rrftq srq F[3 r E.tG qql s-fi{q{ft&

ldrrt

TTrE

qrfts

ydffi

ua .$Sq rlTrrq EI&

wt&Tqrfffirsrm
c.r$

qrq

ql

Arryr{ ?flq s.6r r q*&f T,fu TI cfia?

qqm cFGr .h

crqr$snr

s*nr ryircr

$ e*it'mtt

{E

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