Our Body Systems

2012

System
A combination of parts or things put
together to form a whole

Circulatory System
Circulate- To move in a circle
The Circulatory System consists of
the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Blood brings food and oxygen to the
cells and carries wastes away.
The Circulatory System
also helps keep you warm,
fight germs, and close
wounds in skin.

 The heart is the hardest working

muscle in the body.
The heart beats 100,000 times a day or
about once every second!!

Three kinds of blood vessels:

Arteries- carry the blood from the heart
to the rest of the body.
Veins- transport blood back
to the heart.
Capillaries: link the arteries
& the veins.

 There are about 60,000 miles of

blood vessels in your body.
These vessels could reach 2 times
around the equator.

Respiratory System
Respire- to breathe
The respiratory system uses the
following organs for breathing:
Nose
Trachea (windpipe)
Lungs

 Air enters through the nose, and cilia

(tiny hair like structures), and mucus
filter dust and dirt from the air.
The respiratory system provides the
body with oxygen and gets rid of
carbon dioxide.
Oxygen is needed to break down the
food weve eaten and release its
energy.

 Carbon Dioxide is formed as a waste

product of breathing.
Breathing involves two main actions:
Inhaling: pulling the air into the lungs.
Exhaling: pushes the air out of the
lungs.

The lungs movement results from the

contractions of a large muscle
forming the floor of the chest cavity
called the diaphragm.

Nervous System
Nervous- connected to the nerves
The central nervous system is made
up of the brain and the spinal cord.
The nervous system tells you what is
happening inside and
outside your body.

 The nervous system controls actions,

sensations, emotions, thoughts, and
memories.
A nerve cell is called a neuron.

 Three jobs of nerve cells:

To receive information from your senses.
To carry messages from your nervous
system to other parts of the body.
To send messages between cells.

Larger animals usually have larger

brains, but it takes size
and complexity of
different areas to
determine
intelligence.

Muscular and Skeletal

The skeletonSystems
supports the body

and protects delicate organs.

Without our skeleton,
humans would be shapeless,
and limp like a jelly fish.
Bones protect the main organs,
store minerals, and produce
blood in the marrow.

 Bones and muscles work together to

enable the body to move.
Babies have about 300 bones, which
are softer than adult bones.
Adults end up with 206 bones.
Bones can be flat, long,
short, or irregular.

 Muscles are connected to bones by

tendons. Muscles pull the tendons to
move the bone.
The bodys muscles weigh more than
our bones. We have 656 separate
muscles!!
Voluntary muscles can
be controlled, while
involuntary muscles
work automatically.

Digestive System
Digest- to break down or condense
The Digestive system takes in food
and liquid, breaks it down and
distributes the results into the
body for nourishment.

Mouth

Teeth tear and grind food, making it

softer and breaking it into smaller
pieces.
Saliva moistens the food and makes it
easier to swallow.
The tongue pushes the
food to the back of
the mouth where it is
swallowed.

Esophagus
Is a tube that connects the mouth to
the stomach.
Food travels from
the mouth to the
stomach in 10
seconds.

Stomach
The stomach serves as a holding
tank for several hours. It can store
up to 3.5 pints of swallowed food.
It squeezes its contents to continue
the breakdown of food.
It produces many acidic juices
to help in the breakdown of food.

Small Intestine
Absorbs nutrients for the rest of the
body.

Large Intestine
Water and salt are removed from the
waste material.

Fun Facts
The stomachs digestive acids are strong enough
to dissolve zinc. Fortunately for us, the cells in the
stomach lining renew so quickly that the acids
dont have time to dissolve it.
The lungs contain over 300,000 million capillaries
(tiny blood vessels). If they were laid end to end,
they would stretch 2400km (1500 miles).
Human bone is as strong as granite in supporting
weight. A block of bone the size of a matchbox
can support 9 tons that is four times as much as
concrete can support.

 Each finger and toenail takes six months to grow from

base to tip.
The largest organ in the body is the skin. In an adult
man it covers about 1.9m2 (20sq ft). The skin
constantly flakes away in a lifetime each person
sheds around 18kg (40 lb) of skin.
When you sleep, you grow by about 8mm (0.3in). The
next day you shrink back to your former height. The
reason is that your cartilage discs are squeezed like
sponges by the force of gravity when you stand or sit.
The focusing muscles of the eyes move around
100,000 times a day. To give your leg muscles the
same workout, you would need to walk 80km (50
miles) every day.
Take from- http://listverse.com/2008/06/10/top-15-amazing-facts-about-the-human-body/