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Chapter Opening Question
Metals are reective because they are good conductors of electricity. When an electromagnetic wave strikes a conductor, the electric
eld of the wave sets up currents on the conductor surface that
generate a reected wave. For a perfect conductor, this reected
wave is just as intense as the incident wave. Tarnished metals are
less shiny because their surface is oxidized and less conductive;
polishing the metal removes the oxide and exposes the conducting
metal.
Bridging Problem
Answer: 0.0368 V