GRADE 9-10 CONTENT STANDARD #6, 9

EXTENDED LESSON C

SINE COSINE INVESTIGATION Part A

Class Activity #2:
Sine is the function that relates any angle to the y-value of the corresponding point on the unit circle.
Find sine for each of the given angles and then sketch a graph on the attached graph paper.

X (angle measure in radians)

Y (y = sinx)

-2
-3
2
-
-
2
0

3
2
2
-
3
-
3
-
4
-
6

[Created by Nicole Leone, Newtown High School]

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SINE COSINE INVESTIGATION Part B:

Homework/Prework
Pre-work #1:

When we learned about graphing parabolas, we started with the standard graph y = x2.
Then we changed the graph by changing the equation. For each of the following,
recall how the change in the equation changed the graph.
1. y = 2x2
4. y = (x + 2)2

2. y = 1/2x2

3. y = -x2

5. y = (x 2)2

6. y = x2 + 2

7. y = x2 2

Now graph y = sinx. How do you think that graph will change with each of the
following changes in the equation?
1. y = 2sinx

4. y = sin(x+2)

2. y = 1/2sinx

5. y = sin(x-2)

3. y = -sinx

6. y = sinx + 2)

7. y = sinx 2

How do you think that the graph of y = sinx would change with each of the following
changes in the equation?
8. y = sin(2x)

9. y = sin(1/2x)

Are there any examples in graphing parabolas that correspond to that type of
change?
A function is called periodic if its graph has a repeating pattern. The period of a
periodic function is the length (in the x-direction) of the piece of the graph that keeps
repeating. In other words, it is the distance from the beginning of one cycle of the graph
to the beginning of the next.
1. Is y = sinx a periodic function? If so
2. What is the period of y = sinx?
3. Do any of the above equations (#1-9) change the period of the sine function, which
ones?
4. What is the period of each?

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In a periodic function amplitude is used to describe graphs that have a highest and a
lowest point. The amplitude of a graph is defined to be half of the distance (in the ydirection) between the highest point and the lowest point.
1. Does the term amplitude apply to y = sinx? If so
2. What is the amplitude of y = sinx?
3. Do any of the above equations (#1-9) change the amplitude of the sine function,
which ones?
4. What is the amplitude of each?
When periodic graphs are translated horizontally it is called a phase shift. The phase
shift is defined to be the distance the graph was shifted. A shift to the right is
positive, a shift to the left is negative.
1. Which of the above equations (#1-9) represent a phase shift of the graph of y = sinx?
2. What is the phase shift for each?
Vertical displacement is defined to be the distance that the graph was translated
vertically. A move up is positive and down is negative.
1. Which of the above equations (#1-9) represent a phase shift of the graph of y = sinx?
2. What is the vertical displacement for each?

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SINE COSINE INVESTIGATION Part C:

Homework/Prework
Pre-work #2:
Cosine is the function that relates any angle to the x-value of the corresponding point on the unit
circle. Find cosine for each of the given angles and then sketch a graph on the attached graph
paper.

X (angle measure in radians)

Y (y = cosx)

-2
-3
2
-
-
2
0

3
2
2
-
3
-
3
-
4
-
6

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SINE COSINE INVESTIGATION Part D:

Class Activity #3:

When we learned about graphing parabolas, we started with the standard graph y = x2.
Then we changed the graph by changing the equation. For each of the following,
recall how the change in the equation changed the graph.
1. y = 2x2
4. y = (x + 2)2

2. y = 1/2x2

3. y = -x2

5. y = (x 2)2

6. y = x2 + 2

7. y = x2 2

Now graph y = cosx. How do you think that graph will change with each of the
following changes in the equation?
1. y = 2cosx

4. y = cos(x+2)

2. y = 1/2cosx

5. y = cos(x-2)

3. y = -cosx

6. y = cosx + 2)

7. y = cosx 2

How do you think that the graph of y = cosx would change with each of the following
changes in the equation?
8. y = cos(2x)

9. y = cos(1/2x)

Are there any examples in graphing parabolas that correspond to that type of
change?
A function is called periodic if its graph has a repeating pattern. The period of a
periodic function is the length (in the x-direction) of the piece of the graph that keeps
repeating. In other words, it is the distance from the beginning of one cycle of the graph
to the beginning of the next.
5. Is y = cosx a periodic function? If so
6. What is the period of y = cosx?
7. Do any of the above equations (#1-9) change the period of the sine function, which
ones?
8. What is the period of each?

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 In a periodic function amplitude is used to describe graphs that have a highest and a
lowest point. The amplitude of a graph is defined to be half of the distance (in the ydirection) between the highest point and the lowest point.
5. Does the term amplitude apply to y = cosx? If so
6. What is the amplitude of y = cosx?
7. Do any of the above equations (#1-9) change the amplitude of the sine function,
which ones?
8. What is the amplitude of each?
When periodic graphs are translated horizontally it is called a phase shift. The phase
shift is defined to be the distance the graph was shifted. A shift to the right is
positive, a shift to the left is negative.
3. Which of the above equations (#1-9) represent a phase shift of the graph of y = cosx?
4. What is the phase shift for each?
Vertical displacement is defined to be the distance that the graph was translated
vertically. A move up is positive and down is negative.
3. Which of the above equations (#1-9) represent a phase shift of the graph of y = cosx?
4. What is the vertical displacement for each?

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