Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

MOT V DU S DUNG SAP2000 TNH MONG BANG TREN NEN

WINKLER
Giai oan 1: Chuan b d lieu:
Mong bang cua mot chung c 4 tang hanh lang gia co chieu dai
L= 19,6m, con tiet dien, kch thc mong bang va tai trong cu the nh hnh
sau.

200 300 200

300

1500

TIET DIEN MONG BANG KHUNG 4 TANG

140 T
9 Tm

122 T

7200
1300

124 T

9 Tm

2600

150 T

5 Tm

13 Tm

7200

1300

Mong bang nay c tnh toan vi quan niem dam tren nen an hoi Winkler
va gia s co trc he so nen K = 540 T/m3.

9800
1300

7200

1300

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1112 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33

0.325 0.325 0.3

Moi oan 0.3 t nut so 5 ti nut so 29

0.3 0.325 0.325

BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

Bc 1: Chon so lng lo xo, va tnh o cng cua cac lo xo:

Bai toan mo phong nen an hoi vi 65 lo xo va mong c chia thanh 64
phan t (oan) nh hnh ve tren: (Hnh ve ch ve mot na mong, v ay la
mong oi xng)
e quy oi he so nen K0 = 540 T/m3 ve o cng cua cac lo xo ta tnh toan
nh sau:
Hnh ve di ay the hien mat at tai be mat ay cua mong bang :
0.1625

0.325

0.325

5
1.

T o ta quan niem rang:

+ Lo xo so 1 ai dien cho vung at co dien tch A1 = 1.5 x 0.1625
+ Lo xo so 2 ai dien cho vung at A2 = 1.5 x 0.325
+ Tng t cho cac lo xo so 3 va so 4 v..v
Nh vay o cng cua cac lo xo se la:
K1= K65 = K0 x A1= 540 x (1.5 x 0.1625) 132 T/m
K2 = K3 = K4 = K30 = K31 = K32 = K33 = 540 x(1.5 x 0.325) 264 T/m
K5 = K29 = K0 x A5 = 540 x[1.5 x (0.325/2+0.3/2)] 253 T/m
K6 = K7 = K8==K28= 540 x (1.5 x 0.3) = 243 T/m
Do tnh oi xng nen o cng cac lo xo cua mot na mong bang con lai tnh
tng t.
Bc 2: Quy oi moment quan tnh tiet dien mong bang ve tiet dien ch
nhat:
au tien tm trong tam theo nguyen tac can bang moment tnh:

200 300 200

300

1500

BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

Moment tnh cua cac tiet dien nho lay oi vi truc nam ay mong bang :
S1= 300 x 700 x 700/2 = 735x105 mm3
S2 = [(600 x 300)/2]x (200 + 300/3) = 270x105 mm3
S3 = 600 x 200 x 200/2 = 120x105 mm3
Nh vay moment tnh cua tiet dien mong bang nay la:
S = S1 + 2S2 + 2S3 = 1515x105 mm3
Dien tch cua tiet dien mong bang:
A= 300x700 + 2x600x200 + 2x(600x300/2) = 6.3x105 mm2
Vay chieu cao trong tam tnh t ay cua mong bang la:
y = S/A = 1545/6.3 240.5 mm 24 cm
T ay moment quan tnh cua tiet dien mong bang se la:
Moment quan tnh cua tiet dien so 1 oi vi truc i qua trong tam mong:
J1 = J01 + (yc1)2. F1 = 30x 703/12 + (70/2 - 24.5)2x30x70 = 1089025 cm4.
Tng t:
J2 = J02 + (yc2)2. F2 = 60x303/36 + (30 - 24.5)2x60x30/2 = 72225 cm4.
J3 = J03 + (yc3)2. F3 = 60x203/12 + (10 - 24.5)2x60x20 = 292300 cm4.
J = J1 +2J2 + 2.J3 =1089025 + 2x72225 + 2x292300 = 1818075 cm4.
Quy oi ve tiet dien hnh ch nhat co cung moment quan tnh:
Hnh ch nhat lay chieu cao H = 0.7 m (cung chieu cao mong)
b = 12x1818075/(70)3 =63.6 cm 64 cm
Giai oan hai: Nhap d lieu vao Sap2000:

BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

Khi chay chng trnh Sap2000:

Giao dien chng trnh: (Nen chng trnh co mau en, e giam hao mc
trong in an nen trong hnh di, nen chng trnh a c chuyen qua mau
trang, khi thc hanh sinh vien van gi nguyen giao dien en bnh thng)

B1: Chon he thong n v:

Chon Ton-m.

B2: Len: File>New Model from Template

Sau o se xuat hien bang:

Kch chuot vao bieu tng nay
xuat hien bang di ay

Kch chuot vao ay e bo dau

check nay. Tc la ta khong gan
ieu kien bien tai cac nut.

Number of Spans (So lng nhp): 5

Span Length: nhap vao 2.6

BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

Xuat hien:
Kch vao bieu tng
Maximize. e phong to man
hnh ben phai.

e thay ro toan bo he
dam, kch vao phm nay.

Sau o:

B3: Tien hanh

lu file:
Kch vao. Xuat
hien hnh ben
phai.

Chon th muc pha tren : Save in,

roi at ten file. Sau o kch vao
phm Save
B4: Hieu chnh lai ng li: Len Draw>Edit Grid

Kch vao Edit Grid se xuat hien:

Sa trong o X Location:
-6.5 thanh -9.8 roi kch Move Grid Line
6.5 -> 9.8 roi kch Move Grid Line
BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

tng t cho cac gia tr sau ay:-3.9 -> -8.5 ; 3.9 -> 8.5. Sau o check vao
Glue Joints to Grid Lines roi nhan phm OK.
Xuat hien:

Ta thay he nut va phan t a giong nh kch thc cua mong bang ban au.
Bc 5: Chia nho cac phan t frame
au tien ta chon hai phan t hai bien theo kieu chon ca so Window giong
nh trong Window Explorer van thng lam. Sau khi cac phan t nay c
chon, chung chuyen sang dang net t nh hnh sau:
Sau o chung ta len Edit>Divide Frames xuat hien bang:
Nhap vao 4, tc la chung ta se
chia moi phan t va chon
thanh 4 phan eu nhau.
Sau o nhan OK
Tr lai man hnh trc o, chung ta tien hanh
chon hai phan t ln nhat oi xng, roi vao lai Edit>Divide Frames chia
thanh 24 phan t eu nhau. Tng t cho phan t gia chia thanh 8 phan t
nho. Cuoi cung ta co nh hnh sau:
Tien hanh anh lai so th t nut va phan t:
Ta chon toan bo cac phan t theo kieu Window, sau o len:
Edit>Change Labels xuat hien:
Xoa 66 thay bang 1
Xoa 70 di thay
bang 1.
Sau o nhan OK

BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

Cuoi cung so th t phan t va nut se hien th ung th t t nho en ln theo

chieu t trai sang phai.
Bc 6: Khai bao ac tnh vat lieu va tiet dien:
Len Define>Materials xuat hien bang di: Kch vao Add new Material se
xuat hien hnh ben phai:

Trong o Material Name go: BETONG

Trong khung Analysis Property Data: Xoa het cac o va go lai 0. Rieng hai
o: Modulus of Elasticity ta nhap: 2900000
Poisson's ratio: 0.2
( ay chung ta dung BT mac 300)
Sau o nhan OK, thoat ra bang Define Materials nhan OK lan na.
Khai bao tiet dien: Len Define>Frame Sections xuat hien bang di

Kch vao Modify/Show Section, xuat hien bang ben phai

Trong khung Section Name go: 70x64
Trong o Material kch vao phm tam giac keo xuong chon BETONG
Trong khung Dimensions: Depth go 0.7 ; Width go 0.636
Roi nhan OK, ra bang Define Frame Sections nhan OK lan na
Bc 7: Khai bao tai trong: Define>Static Load Case
Xuat hien bang (trang ben)
BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

Trong o Load go: TTTT (Tai trong tnh toan). Xong an Change Load. Roi an
OK.
Gia s ta chon o sau chon
mong la 1.5m. Chon tb =2.2
T/m3.
Nh vay ap lc phan bo do
trong lng ban than mong va
lp at nam tren mong la:
p = 2.2 x 1.5 = 3.3 T/m2
Nhan cho be rong mong ta co
tai phan bo tren mot n vi chieu dai: q = 3.3 x 1.5 = 4.95 T/m
Gan tai trong phan bo: phm all
au tien an phm all
e chon tat ca cac phan t.
Sau o len Assign>Frame Static Load >Point and Uniforms xuat hien
bang sau:
Trong o Uniform Load nhap:
- 4.95.
Quay tr lai man hnh ta se thay,
tai phan bo doc theo than mong.
e tat che o hien th tai
phan bo nay (chung che
khuat so th t nut). Ta kch
Nhap tai trong tap trung tai
vao nut tron

Nhap tai tap trung tai cac nut di chan cot:

au tien ta chon nut so 5 bang cach dung chuot kch thang vao nut o , khi
nut c chon ta se thay xuat hien hai gach cheo tai nut o.
Sau o len: Assign>Joint Static Loads>Forces xuat hien:
Nhap trong cac o:
Force Global Z: -140
(Dau tr la do ngc chieu truc Z)
Moment Global YY: 9
(Neu moment cua o an cac ban
ngc lai so vi chieu cua v du
nay th ta nhap -9)
Sau o ta nhan OK.
Sau khi thoat ra, neu l nhap
nham, ta lap lai tng bc tren,
BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong 8

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

nhng sau khi nhap xong nh kch vao che o Replace existing loads tai
khung Options roi nhan phm OK.
Ta tien hanh nhap tai trong tai nut lan lt cho cac nut 29, 37, 61.
Ghi chu la ta co the thay the bc Assign>Joint Static Loads>Forces bang
mot cach n gian hn la sau khi chon nut xong ta: kch vao phm nhap
Bc 8: Gan lo xo cho cac nut
tai trong nut.
Chon nut 1, 65 sau o len:
Assign>Joint>Springs xuat hien bang di:
Nhap trong o Translation 3: 132
Sau o nhan OK
Tng t cho cac nut con lai:
Nhng nut co cung o cng lo xo ta co the
chon theo kieu Window cho nhanh
K2 = K3 = K4 = K30 = K31 = K32 = K33 = K34 =
K35 = K36 = K62 = K63 = K64 264
K5 = K29 = K37 = K61 253
K6 = K7 = K8==K28 = K38 = K39==K60 = 243

Bc 9: Rang buoc cac ieu kien ve bac t do

Len Analyze>Set Option xuat hien bang sau:
Kch vao ay, ta chon
bai toan khung phang.

Sau o nhan phm OK

BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

Bc 10: Rang buoc ieu kien bien (chuyen v)

au tien an phm all
phm all
e chon tat ca cac phan t.
Sau o an
phm
Xuat hien: Ta chon dau check giong bang di. ieu nay co ngha la:
Khong cho dch chuyen theo phng Ox, Oy
Khong cho xoan quanh truc Ox.
Khong cho dam quay quanh truc Oz (Quay
ngoai mat phang)

Bc 11: Chon so mat cat xuat ket qua

noi lc.
Chon tat ca cac phan t bang phm All sau
o len:
Assign>Frame>Output segments xuat
hien bang ben phai:
Ta chon Number of Segment bang 1
Bc 12: Cho may chay bai toan.

An phm nay e chay

Bc 13: Xem bieu o noi lc

Kch vao phm F ta co bang ben phai:
Ta chon cac gia tr giong bang ben.
Moment 3-3 chnh la gia tr moment uon trong
mat phang dam (Oxz). Xong kch OK. Ra
ngoai ta se xem c bieu o moment trong
mong bang.
Lai nhan phm F quay tr lai ta chon:
Shear 2-2
BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

10

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

roi nhan OK ta se xem c bieu o lc cat.

Bc 14: Xuat ket qua ra di dang file.txt
e khong hien th cac bieu o noi lc na, ta an phm tron. Sau o an phm
ALL e chon tat ca cac phan t.
Tiep o len File>Print Output Table xuat hien bang ben:
Chon Print to File,
Spreadsheet Format e
ket qua xuat ra tien cho
Excel x ly.
Nh chon Frame Forces

Bc 15: Dung Excel bat ket qua file.txt.

Khi bat nh chon uoi file la .txt nh hnh di.
Sau o xuat hien, bang di, kch
Finish th Excel bat bang ket qua bnh
thng.

Sau o ta co ket qua nh trang sau:

BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

11

Bo mon a c - Nen Mong

ai hoc Bach Khoa TP. HCM

Trong cot M3 ta chu y, n v cua moment la T.m, nhn sang cot FRAME ta
thay, phan t 1 xuat noi lc tai hai mat cat au va cuoi phan t.
Cot LOC viet tat cua ch Location (v tr)
Cot V2 chnh la gia tr lc cat theo truc toa o a phng th 2 (v Ton)
hay gia tr lc cat theo truc Oz.
T ay ta co ket qua noi lc e tnh thep cho mong bang.

BSoan: Tran Tuan Anh - Phuc vu cho SV lam o an nen mong

12