O LNG IU KHIN BNG

MY TNH

Ging vin: Nguyn Ngc Sn

Email:son.nguyen.fet@gmail.com

nh Gi Mn Hc
Tiu lun
Hnh thc : Bo co theo nhm
Trng s : 20%

Thi gia k
Hnh thc: ?
Trng s: 20%

Kt thc mn hc
Hnh thc: Trc nghim
Trng s : 60%

Ni Dung Mn Hc
Chng 1: Tng Quan
Chng 2: Giao tip qua cng ni tip
Chng 3: Lp trnh giao tip ni tip
Chng 4: Card thu thp d liu v iu khin.
Chng 5: Giao tip qua rnh cm my tnh.
Chng 6: Giao tip qua cng song song

Chng 2: Giao tip qua cng ni tip

1. Cng COM
2. Mng 485
3. Modem
4. ISDN v DSL
5. Cng USB
6. Cng hng ngoi
7. Mng

1. Cng COM
nh ngha: Cng ni tip trn my tnh thng gi l
cng COM, c s dng truyn d liu hai chiu
gia my tnh v ngoi vi.
u im:
Khong cch truyn di hn so vi cng song
song. Cng ni tip truyn mc 1 t -3V n -25V
v mc 0 t +3V n +25V nn tnh chng nhiu
cao hn, cho php khong cch truyn xa hn.
S dy kt ni t.
C th truyn khng dy dng tia hng ngoi.
Ghp ni d dng vi vi iu khin hay PLC.
Cho php ni mng.

1. Cng COM
Phn loi: cc thit b ghp ni ni tip chia lm hai
loi:
DTE Data Terminal Equipment : l cc thit b
nh my tnh, vi iu khin,PLC l ngun to ra
d liu hay tip nhn d liu x l
DCE Data Communication Equipment: l cc
thit b trung gian nh Modem.
Ghp ni: DTE c th ghp ni vi DTE hoc DCE.
DCE c th ghp ni vi DCE hoc DTE.
Tn hiu: Tn hiu truyn ni tip theo dng xung chun
RS232 ca EIA (Electronic Industry Association). mc
1 hay mark t -3V n -25V v mc 0 hay space t +3V
n +25V

1. Cng COM
Truyn, nhn d liu:
DTE

DTE

DTE

DCE

TXD

TXD

TXD

TXD

RXD

RXD

RXD

RXD

GND

Khung truyn:

GND

1. Cng COM
Hot ng:

Khi khng truyn ng dy s trng

thi mark.
Khi bt u truyn, xung start c
truyn(+10V)
Sau l 8 bit d liu, bit D0 c truyn
trc, nu bit d liu logic 0 th in p
ng dy tng ng l +10V.
Sau cc bit d liu l bit kim tra chn l.
Cui cng l bit stop logic 1(-10V).

1. Cng COM
Mt s kt ni thng s dng:
Kt ni trc tip
DTE

DTE

Kt ni qua modem

DTE

DCE

Tng
i

DCE

DTE

1. Cng COM
u ni: Cng COM c hai dng u ni c
D-25 v D-9:

1. Cng COM

Mt s nh ngha:
Tn hiu truyn theo tng bit.
Baud: s bit trong 1 giy. Vn
tc truyn thng dng l: 300,
600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,
19200 baud.
Cc cng ni tip c nh s
COM 1, COM 2, COM 3, COM 4.

1. Cng COM

Mch chuyn mc:

Khi ghp ni cng COM my
tnh vi vi iu khin phi c
mch chuyn mc TTL 232
v ngc li.
Cc vi mch thng dng l:
MC1488 MC1489, SN75150SN75154, MAX232

1. Cng COM
Mch chuyn mc dng MAX232:
U9
1
6
2
7
3
8
4
9
5
COM9_0

VCC

11
10
1

C7
3
4

10U

5
C8
10U

16

R1OUT
R2OUT

T1IN
T2IN

T1OUT
T2OUT

12
9

RX

14
7

C1+
C1C2+
C2-

V+

GND

TX

R1IN
R2IN

V-

15

13
8

MAX232_4

VCC

U10

2
6
C5
C6
10U

10U

VCC

1. Cng COM
Nhc im: chun RS232 dng ng
truyn khng cn bng v cc tn hiu u
ly im chun l im mass chung do
:
B nh hng nhiu tc ng.
Tc truyn b gii hn
Khong cch truyn b gii hn

2. Mng 485
nh ngha: khi cn tng khong cch,
tc truyn, phng php truyn hai dy
vi sai tr nn hu hiu v hai dy c c
tnh ging nhau, tn hiu truyn i l hiu
s in p gia hai dy, do loi tr
c nhiu chung.
Hai chun thng dng l RS442 v
RS485. Tuy nhin RS485 c s dng
rng ri hn.

2. Mng 485
Chun RS422:

2. Mng 485
Chun RS422:
Dng 4 dy cho php truyn song cng, tc l thu pht cng
lc.
Tn hiu t my tnh theo chun RS232 c chuyn i
sang TTL dng max232, sau tn hiu c i sang tn
hiu vi sai dng vi mch MAX485(488,489,490,491).
in p vi sai phi ln hn 200mV. Nu V>200mV ta coi
nhu logic 1 c truyn, nu V<-200mV th tr logic 0 c
truyn.
Khng cho php c hn hai thit b truyn nhn tin trn
ng dy.

2. Mng 485
Chun RS485:

Khong cch ti a 1200m.

Vn tc truyn 10Mbit/s.
Hai in tr R = 120 c ni hai u xa nht
ca mng.
Dy dn l loi dy xon i 26AWG.
Vi mch li SN75176 hay h Maxim: MAX481,
483, 485, 487, 488, 489Tiu biu l vi mch
MAX 485

2. Mng 485
Vi mch 485:

2. Mng 485
Mng 485:
Mng 485 lm vic theo ch Master-Slave:

Master cho DE mc 1 truyn d liu,

cn cc slave c DE=0,/RE=0 ch nhn
d liu.
Khi master mun nhn d liu DE = 0,
/RE = 0 cn slave pht s c DE = 1, /RE
= 1.
iu khin cc ng DE, /RE bng tn
hiu RTS.

2. Mng 485
Mch chuyn i RS232 - 485:
Sinh vin tham kho trn datasheet MAX485.

3. MODEM
Modem l g?
Modem = (modulator + demodulator).
L thit b ngoi vi cho php ghp ni hai
DTE qua khong cch nh ng dy in
thoi.

3. MODEM
Chc nng modem
Truyn tn hiu s
Tn hiu s t DTE dng iu ch sng
mang ri truyn i, ni thu sng mang
c gii iu ch ri i li thnh tn s
a vo DTE.
Trao i thoi, fax, videophone

3. MODEM
phn loi modem: thnh 2 loi
Modem trong
Kt ni vi khe cm PCI.
a ch l COM3 hay COM4.
Vn tc truyn ti a 56kbps.
Modem ngoi
Kt ni vi my tnh qua ng cp 25
9; 9 9; hay 25 25.
Tn hiu truyn theo chun RS232
(12V).

3. MODEM
V d
Dy
in thoi

DTE
PC

Modem

Tng
i

Modem

DTE
PC

Modem

DTE
PLC

Modem

DTE
Vi x l

3. MODEM
Trao i d liu gia PC (DTE) v
modem (DCE):
Bt tay phn cng:

Nu DTE truyn d liu: RTS = H, ch

CTS tr li.
Nu DCE truyn d liu: DSR = H, ch
DTR.

Bt tay phn mm: dng hai k t XON

(transmiter ON) v XOFF (transmiter
OFF).

3. MODEM
Vn tc truyn d liu
ng dy in thoi cng cng c gii
hn truyn 3300Hz. V vy n hn ch
vn tc truyn d liu.
nng cao tc truyn, tin cy:
iu ch.
Nn tn hiu.
Sa sai.
Hin nay tc truyn ti a theo l
thuyt 56kbps.

3. MODEM
Cc phng php iu ch

iu bin AM (Amplitude Modulation):

mc 0 v mc 1 biu th hai in p khc
nhau ca sng mang.
iu tn FM (Frequency ):
Chiu truyn: dng hai tn s khc nhau,
1070Hz cho mc 0 v 1270Hz cho mc 1.
Chiu nhn: dng hai tn s khc nhau,
2025Hz cho logic 0 v 2225Hz cho logic 1.
Hoc thay i ngc li chiu truyn nhn.
Modem hot ng song cng trn hai dy (v
s dng hai di tn s khc nhau).

3. MODEM
Cc phng php iu ch

iu pha PM:
PM = Phase Modulation
Tn s sng mang c nh.
Mc logic c biu th bi pha 0 v pha
180o
iu ch TCM:
TCM: trellis coded modulation.
TCM = AM + PM

3. MODEM
Nn tn hiu
Phng php m huffman: k t thng
truyn c m ha t bit hn cc k t
khc
Phng php run length coding: thay
mt lot bit ging nhau bng bit v
s ln lp.

3. MODEM
Tiu chun
Cc t chc quc t v truyn thng nh ITU
(International TeleComunication Union ),
ISO (International Standard Organization)nh
ra cc chun v modem k hiu V.XX.
iu ch

Chun

Nm

Vn tc

QAM

V 32

1984

9600

TCM

V 32 bit

1991

14400

TCM

V 32 ter

TCM

V 34

1994

28800

TCM

V 90

1998

56000

19200

3. MODEM
Giao thc
XMODEM: chia tp tin thnh khi 128
byte.
YMODEM: dng khi 1024 byte.
ZMODEM: dng khi kch thc thay i
ty theo trng thi ng truyn.

3. MODEM
Hot ng
DTE gi lnh kim
tra n Modem xem
c lin lc c
khng?
Gi lnh quay s,
modem s quay s
in thoi ni cn kt
ni, nu c s bo
cho DTE truyn d
liu

u tin modem
truyn vi tc cao
nht.

Nu khng trao i
thng tin c n s
chuyn sang vn tc
thp
hn
hoc
chuyn sang giao
thc khc.

3. MODEM

3. MODEM

3. MODEM

3. Modem
Cc thanh ghi thng dng trn modem

3. Modem
Cc thanh ghi thng dng trn modem

3. Modem
Cc thanh ghi thng dng trn modem

3. Modem
Cc thng bo modem

4. ISDL v DSL

ISDL = Integrated Services Digital Network

DSL = Digital Subscriber Line

ISDL
Kt ni vi my tnh thng qua b giao tip
ISDL terminal adapter v router, ng dy in
thoi.
Tc truyn 128kbps.
Tch hp truyn tn hiu thoi tng t v tn
hiu s (my tnh, fax, video phone).
C th thc hin ng thi: in thoi, fax, ghp
ni my tnh

DSL

Kt ni DTE qua dy in thoi.

Vn tc truyn ln n 6.1Mbps.
C th ng thi s dng cc
dch v in thoi, internet, fax.

DSL
Phn loi
ADSL = Asymetric DSL : DSL bt i
xng c vn tc download 6.1Mbps v
vn tc upload 640kbps.
CDSL = consumer DSL : c vn tc
thp hn ADSL.
G.Line

DSL

5. CNG USB
nh ngha

nh ngha
USB (Universal Serial Bus) l mt chun kt
ni tun t trong my tnh.
USB s dng kt ni cc thit b ngoi vi
vi my tnh.
Chng thng c thit k di dng cc
u cm cho cc thit b tun theo chun
(plug-and-play).
Cm v ngt cc thit b khng cn phi khi
ng li h thng.
Vn tc truyn ln

Quy trnh lm vic USB

Khi mt my tnh c cp ngun, n truy vn tt
c thit b c kt ni vo ng truyn v gn
mi thit b mt a ch. Quy trnh ny c gi l
lit k nhng thit b c lit k khi kt ni vo
ng truyn. My tnh cng tm ra t mi thit b
cch truyn d liu no m n cn hot ng:
Ngt: Mt thit b nh chut hoc bn phm,
gi mt lng nh d liu, s chn ch
ngt.

Quy trnh lm vic USB

Hng lot - Mt thit b nh mt chic my in, nhn
d liu trong mt gi ln, s dng ch truyn
hng lot. Mt khi d liu c gi n my in
(mt khi 64 byte) v c kim tra chc chn n
chnh xc.
ng thi - Mt thit b truyn d liu theo chui
(ly v d nh loa) s dng ch ng thi. Nhng
dng d liu gia thit b v my trong thi gian
thc, v khng c s sa li y.

Cu trc USB

Pin
Number

Cable
Colour

Function

Red

5V

White

D-

Green

D+

Black

Ground

Chun A cm my
tnh.
Chun B cm thit
b ngoi vi

Nhng c trng ca USB

M rng ti 127 thit b c th kt ni cng vo mt
my tnh trn mt cng USB duy nht (bao gm cc hub
USB).

Nhng si cp USB ring l c th di ti 5 mt; vi

nhng hub, c th ko di ti 30 mt (6 si cp ni tip
nhau thng qua cc hub) tnh t u cm trn my tnh.

Vi USB 2.0 (tc cao), ng truyn t tc ti

a n 480 Mbps.

Nhng c trng ca USB

Cp USB gm hai si ngun (+5V v dy chung GND) cng
mt cp gm hai si dy xon mang d liu.
Trn si ngun, my tnh c th cp ngun ln ti 500mA
in p 5V mt chiu (DC).
Nhng thit b USB c c tnh cm nng, iu ny c ngha
cc thit b c th c kt ni (cm vo) hoc ngt kt ni
(rt ra) trong mi thi im m ngi s dng cn m khng
cn phi khi ng li h thng.
Nhiu thit b USB c th c chuyn v trng thi tm
ngng hot ng khi my tnh chuyn sang ch tit kim
in.

Nhng c trng ca USB

Nhng thit b tiu th cng sut thp (v d: chut, bn
phm, loa my tnh cng sut thp...) c cung cp in
nng cho hot ng trc tip t cc cng USB m khng cn
c s cung cp ngun ring (thm ch cc thit b gii tr s
nh SmartPhone s dng cc cng USB xc pin).
Vi cc thit b cn s dng ngun cng sut ln (nh my in
...) khng s dng ngun in t ng truyn USB nh
ngun chnh ca chng, lc ny ng truyn ngun ch c
tc dng nh mt s so snh mc in th ca tn hiu.

USB 2.0
Chun USB phin bn 2.0 c a ra vo
thng t nm 2000 v xem nh bn nng cp
ca USB 1.1.
USB 2.0 m rng bng thng cho ng dng a
truyn thng v truyn vi tc nhanh hn 40
ln so vi USB 1.1.
c s chuyn tip cc thit b mi v c,
USB 2.0 c y kh nng tng thch ngc
vi nhng thit b USB trc v cng hot
ng tt vi nhng si cp, u cm dnh cho
cng USB trc .

USB 2.0
H tr ba ch tc (1,5 Mbps; 12 Mbps
v 480 Mbps).
USB 2.0 h tr nhng thit b ch cn bng
thng thp nh bn phm v chut, cng nh
thit b cn bng thng ln nh Webcam,
my qut, my in, my quay v nhng h
thng lu tr ln.

Hub USB
Cc hub ny c th m rng ra rt
nhiu cng v nu chng c cung
cp ngun in t bn ngoi (s dng
cc b adapter cp ngun ring) s
cho php cc thit b USB s dng
nng lng t hub m khng b hn
ch bi cng sut gii hn trn cng Hub USB 2.0 s
dng ngun ngoi
USB trn my tnh.

USB
Ngy nay mt s my tnh khng trang b
cng COM, vy s dng cng COM ta
c th chuyn i t USB sang COM.

Cng hng ngoi

IrDA = Infrared data association.
Cng hng ngoi thng c trang b
trn laptop kt ni vi cc thit b s
nh my tnh , in thoi di ng, camera
s.
S dng sng tn s 875nm.
Chun IrDA 1.0 c vn tc truyn 2400
115.200Kb/s.
Chun IrDA 1.1 c ba vn tc truyn
0.576; 1.152 v 4Mb/s.

Cng hng ngoi

OBEX = Object Exchange l giao thc
trao i d liu gia cc thit b dng
cng hng ngoi c hip hi IrDA a
ra ln u tin nm 1997.
Trong chuyn nghnh iu khin t ng ,
thng s dng phng php thu pht
hng ngoi iu khin t xa.

Mng
Trong cng nghip
c cc loi mng
khc nhau nh:

Devicenet
Modbus

Profibus: Process

ASI

field bus

Ethernet cng

CAN: Controller

nghip

area network

DH485

Mng
Trong cng nghip c cc loi mng khc
nhau nh:
Profibus: Process field bus
CAN: Controller area network
Devicenet
Modbus
ASI