THE MARKET

REVOLUTION
Chapter 9, Section 1 (pgs. 274-279)

L3 HW Review Questions
Identify & Example (2 sentences)
1) entrepreneur 2) hazard 3) interdependent
Main Idea (3-5 sentences)
What was the effect of the Market Revolution?
Why were farmers able to increase their harvests?
Summarize (6 sentences)
How Capitalism Works (Merit Option) Website:
http://www.howstuffworks.com/capitalism.htm
Critical Thinking (5-7 sentences)
Did improvements in transportation contribute to
nationalism or regionalism? Explain your reasoning.

U.S. Markets Expand

Higher/better wages =

spending power
Farmers focus on
specialization: raise
one or two cash crops
Farmers started to use

machines = more harvests

= more profits
Market Revolution: buy

& sell
No more cottage industry

Capitalism: economic

system in which private

businesses & individuals
control production (free
market = no govnt)
Entrepreneurs: or

businessmen, invest money

in new industries
Technology = less

expensive manufactured
goods

The Economic Revolution:

Communication Improves
Samuel F.B. Morse

invented the telegraph:

could send messages
by wire in a few
seconds
Good for business:

transmit orders, up-todate info on prices & sales

Railroads = scheduled &
warn of safety hazards
1854: 23,000 miles of
telegraph wire

The Economic Revolution:

Transportation Improves
Steamboats: river

travel = quicker &

cheaper
Erie Canal cut cost of

shipping goods
Railroads: moved

goods faster
1850: 10,000 miles of

railroad track
1859: carried 2 billion
tons of freight

U.S. Railroad tracks by 1870

New Markets Link Regions

Improved

transportation =
regions
interdependent
South exported cotton,

tobacco, rice to England

& New England
East manufactured
textiles & machinery
(mass production)

West sent grain & livestock

to East
Midwest inventions
Steel plow: helped prepare

land for farming

Mechanical reaper = better
harvests; farmer productivity
increased by 5

MANIFEST DESTINY
Chapter 9, Section 2 (pgs. 280-285)

L4 HW Review Questions
Identify & Example (2 sentences)
1) frontier 2) dishonor 3) refugee 4) genocide 5) holocaust
Main Idea (3-5 sentences)
What does the term Manifest Destiny mean?
Summarize (6 sentences)
What pull factors attracted settlers to the West? (Merit
Option)
Critical Thinking (5-7 sentences)
Did the U.S. govnt act honor or dishonor the Treaty of Fort
Laramie?
Many Natives Americans today are calling for reparations, or
compensation for the suffering of their people? Do you agree
or disagree with their argument? Explain your reasoning.

Into the Frontier

Manifest Destiny:

the belief that god

wanted the United
States to expand
across North
America (Atlantic
to Pacific)
Pull factors:
Cheap land
Trade with Asia
Panic of 1837 =

fresh start on the

frontier

Immigrants vs. Natives

1830s: Chief Black

Hawk & members of

Sauk & Fox tribes led
rebellion against settlers
in Illinois & Wisconsin
Territories
Illinois militia defeated
rebellion
Effect: tribes forced to

move west of Mississippi

River

(Dis)Honor
1851: U.S. signed Treaty

of Fort Laramie with

Native groups
Natives get Great Plains

Natives agree not to attack

settlers
Natives agreed to let govnt
build forts & roads
U.S. promised to (but did
not honor their promise) to
stay out of Native lands

A Native American Holocaust

According to U.S. data:
When Europeans came,
there were around 18-19
million Natives in
America
1910: 400,000 Natives
Manifest Destiny

displaced most Natives

from their land
Natives were are and

are refugees in their

own country

Words to Know:
Genocide: the systematic
extermination of all or a
part of a cultural, racial or
ethnic group
Holocaust: any mass
slaughter or destruction of
life
The estimated cost of

Columbus discovery of
the Americas is the death
of 100 million Natives
over five centuries