AP Lang Summer Reading Test

Can you answer these questions?

o What is the basic definition for argument?
o What is the Rogerian model for argument?
o What is the Invitational model for argument?
o How are these concepts similar and different?
o What is an argument to inform?
o What is an argument to convince?
o What is an argument to make decisions?
o What is an argument to meditate?
o What is an argument to explore?
o What is an argument to persuade? How does this purpose differ from the others?
o Who was Aristotle and why do we care?
o What is stasis theory and which kinds of argument are used in stasis theory?
o Can you define arguments of fact, definition, causation/evaluation and proposal?
o What is kairos?
o What is exigency and how does this impact an arguments content and development?
o What is the rhetorical situation as it applies to an argument?
o What is context? What are the different kinds of context that affect an argument?
o What are the elements that make up context in the rhetorical situation?
o What is occasion?
o How many types of occasion are there? What do these types signify?
o Who is the intended audience?
o Who is the invoked audience?
o Who is the real audience?
o How do intended, invoked, and real audiences compare to one another?
o Which type of audience should the writer be most concerned with when writing an essay?
o What is the rhetorical triangle?
o What is pathos? Can you distinguish when a speaker is appealing to pathos?
o What is ethos? Can you distinguish when a speaker is appealing to ethos?
o What is logos? Can you distinguish when a speaker is appealing to pathos?
o What is the rhetorical triangle? Which part of the rhetorical triangle is connected to the audience?
Which is connected to the writer or speaker? Which is connected to the text itself?
o What is the central or primary claim in The Overachievers: The Secret Lives of Driven Kids?
o Who is the author of this book?
o What are the important secondary claims connected to this book? How do these claims support the
central or primary claim?
o What is phrase? How is this different from a clause?
o What are similarities and differences between the following types of phrases: gerund, prepositional,
appositive, participial, and infinitive? (Consider how they function within a sentence.)
o What are dependent clauses?
o What are independent clauses?
o What are the four grammatical sentence types?
o How do you correctly punctuate the four grammatical sentence types?

Fill in the blank: The Rhetorical Situation ***Words may be used more than once.
Aristotle

intended

context

evaluation

rhetorical

purpose exigency audience

Effective arguments are based on _______________s classic model for rhetoric. This model relies on an
arguments ____________________ situation, or the relationship between the topic, author, ________, and
overall context. To analyze an argument we must determine an authors __________________. (For
example, does the writer wish to convince or explore?) Once we understand the writers ___________, then
we examine his or her __________________ audience. It is important to keep in mind that audience,
occasion, ______________ (the sense of urgency), and the ____________ triangle are all important parts
of an arguments _____________or environment. These elements affect an arguments development,
especially in regards to the kinds of arguments used; specifically, fact, definition, _________, and proposal.

**In general, you should revisit the first chapter of Everythings an Argument, The Overacheivers,
and the grammar slides on the class Weebly. http://nfhsapenglish.weebly.com/ap-lang.html Also,
feel free to study the quizlet link that was provided with you summer reading assignment. If you
dont have a copy, refer to the Weebly.