Productivity Rates-Downloaded From Planning Planet

Page 1 of 100
Published on Planning Planet (http://www.planningplanet.com)

Home > Rates, Norms & Durations
By PP Wiki
Created 5 Feb 2009 - 05:54
Rates, Norms & Durations

What is needed to come up with a production rate?
A duration of time, the manhours involved, and an amount of work produced?
This section is here to document this. What information do you have that you can share?
Automotive
Automotive Production Rates & Build Times:
Bridges
Bridges Production Rates & Buld Times:
Bridge Decking
Traffic Decking
Installation of temporary traffic decking, consisting of steel beam decking and concrete panels.
A typical rate of = 1.6 m2/hr.
Cable Stringing
Covered Steel Footbridge
Simple universal beam steel bridge in modular sections, welded on site. 16 truss sections each 15 m in length, supported
on H-frame vertical columns / supports.
Support Steelwork Fabrication (4 bays) = 25 days

Support Steelwork Erection (4 bays) = 30 days
Truss erections (4 bays) = 18 days
Paintwork To Steel (16 bays) = 35 days
Bridge Deck Concrete Works (16 bays) = 60 days (staggered)
Bridge Lighting, Roof etc (16 bays) = 40 days
Bridge Finishing, Handrails and Grano = 14 days
Structural Steelwork...
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Simple Universal Beam Steel Bridge, erect support steel H frames
1.2
days/no
Simple Universal Beam Steel Bridge, erect 15m truss
3.3
m/day
Design
Final Finishes
http://www.planningplanet.com/print/book/export/html/422384
11/3/2014
Page 2 of 100
Formwork & Bases

Paintwork
Structural Steelwork
Steel Frames
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
3.4
4.6
Tons/day
Wall Frame, Bow String Truss and Frame
1.6
Tons/day
Roof Frame, Curved Truss and Frame
5.2
Tons/day
Wall Frame, Glazed Frame and Atrium
0.3
Tons/day
Steel Frame and Roof Members
Units
Building & Construction

Building & Construction Production Rates & Build Times:
Blockwork
Blockwork
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Thermalite Blockwork, under 100mm thick
1.8
2.5
3.2
m2/hr
Thermalite Blockwork, under 100-150mm thick
1.4
1.9
2.5
m2/hr
Thermalite Blockwork, over 150mm thick
1.2
1.6
2.1
m2/hr
Lightweight Concrete Blockwork, under 100mm thick
1.5
2.2
2.9
m2/hr
Lightweight Concrete Blockwork, under 100-150mm thick
1.4
1.9
2.1
m2/hr
Lightweight Concrete Blockwork, over 150mm thick
1.2
1.6
2.0
m2/hr
Heavyweight Concrete Blockwork, under 100mm thick
1.4
2.1
2.9
m2/hr
Heavyweight Concrete Blockwork, under 100-150mm thick
1.2
1.6
2.1
m2/hr
Heavyweight Concrete Blockwork, over 150mm thick
1.1
1.4
1.8
m2/hr
Face Finish, Raked Out
71.4
m2/hr
Face Finish, Bag Rubbed
29.4
m2/hr
Face Finish, Flush Pointing
17.6
m2/hr
Building Frameworks
Curtain Walling
Curtain Walling rate
Assume 30m2 per week for general curtain walling
Slow
Ave
Fast
Vertical Glazed Lights, 6m x 2.5m
Task / Description
14.5
m2/day
Vertical Glazed Walls, large scale
70.0
m2/day
Clerestory Frame/Glazing, 3m x 4m
28.0
m2/day
Oriel Window Frame/Glazing, 4m x 2m
35.0
m2/day
Glazed Curtain Wall, First Fix
1.2
m2/hr
Units
11/3/2014
Page 3 of 100
Glazed Curtain Wall, Second Fix
1.1
m2/hr
High Quality Glazed Curtain Walling
25.0
m2/day
Holding Down Bolts Stanchion Bases

stanchion.
Bolt
4 No
Numbers
-->
6 No
8 No
Make
Softwood
Framework
0.50
0.70
0.93
Fix Bolts /
Framework
1.32
1.54
1.73
Strike
Framework
0.38
0.44
0.49
Item
Metal Frameworks
Roof Structure
Structural Steel Structures
For medium sized applications with a single crane and fixing gang.
A typical rate
3.4 - 4.6 tonnes/day.
Structural steel for glazed wall, made of 18 no "bow string" strusses 25 m tall, cross braced and wired together,
consisting of 69 tonnes of steelwork. Erection in 6 weeks.
Erection Rate
1.65 tonnes/day
Strucural steelwork for curved building roof, 18 number curved complex trussess and cross pearlins etc. Consisting of
500 tonnes of steel. Initially programmed for 14 weeks site installation period.
All Rates in Weeks...
GA drawings
0- 6
Shop Drawings
4 - 13
Buildings Dept Approval
14 - 17
Shop Fabrication
18 - 30
11/3/2014
Page 4 of 100
Corrosion Protection
22 - 32
Site Pre-Assembly
32 - 34
Erection Time
35 - 38 (24 hr working)
Erection Rate
8.95 tonnes/day
Structural steelwork for glazed wall and atria over, 4 number bow string trussess in wall and in roof. Consisting of 7.5
tonnes of steelwork. Erection in 6.5 weeks.
Erection Rate
0.23 tones/day
Timber Frameworks
Roof Structure
Usually carried out with a minimum of a 2 man gang, sometimes with an additional labourer.
For a typical semi-detached house structure or similar...
Roof Trusses 1.28 no/hr
Wall Plates
2.76 m/hr
Rafters
1.17 m/hr
Ceiling Joists 32.10 m/hr
Timber frame superstructure

Timber framing rates for hospital of 3173m2 GIFA
Assuming that the labour is a 4 man squad working an 8 hour day as this would be normal practice
Wall panels up to 3m in hieght including both external and internal panels ; 30 panels per day (average panel 3.5m
long)
Wall panels over 3m in height including both internal and external panels ; 20 panels per day (average panel 2.5m
long)
Loose floor joists position and fix 175m sq per day
Loose floor joists position, fix & position and fix floor decking 125m sq per day
Floor/roof cassette assumed simple 12 X 2.4m 300m sq per day
Floor/roof cassette complex shape 150 200 m sq per day
Trussed roof erect, brace,sark and felt 100m sq per day (up to 8m span measured at horizantial)
Trussed roof erect, brace,sark and felt 80m sq per day (up to 12m span measured at horizantial)
11/3/2014
Page 5 of 100
Hip or valley up to 12m long 1 man a day

Medium dormer window (2.4m wide) 1 man a day
I hope this helps , but please bare in mind that the more complex projects will take longer.
Timber Frames...
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Roof Trusses
1.3
no/hr
Wall Plates
2.7
m/hr
Roof Rafters
1.2
m/hr
Ceiling Joists
32.1
m/hr
Roof Carcass, Common Rafters, under 3m
18.2
20.0
21.7
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Common Rafters, 3-6mm
13.3
16.6
18.2
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Common Rafters, over 6m
14.1
15.6
16.1
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Jack Rafters, under 3m
18.8
20.1
21.7
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Jack Rafters, 3-6mm
10.4
16.1
16.6
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Purlins, under 3m
5.1
5.4
5.8
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Purlins, 3-6mm
4.3
4.8
5.1
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Purlins, over 6m
3.5
4.3
4.6
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Binders, under 3m
5.7
6.6
7.6
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Binders, 3-6mm
2.1
2.3
2.5
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Binders, over 6m
1.3
1.5
1.6
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Hangers, under 3m
8.2
9.0
9.6
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Collars under 3m
7.6
8.0
9.1
no/hr
Roof Carcass, Collars 3-m
6.5
7.4
8.3
no/hr
12.0
13.1
15.3
no/hr
142.0
166.0
175.0
no/hr
Roof Soffits, Softwood, nailed
9.2
m/hr
Roof Soffits, Softwood, screwed
3.9
m/hr
Roof Soffits Asbestos, under 300mm nailed
9.1
m/hr
Roof Soffits Asbestos, under 300mm screwed
3.8
m/hr
Roof Soffits, Asbestos, over 300mm nailed
3.5
m/hr
Roof Soffits, Asbestos, over 300mm screwed
1.3
m/hr
Roof Facia Panels, Softwood
5.1
7.2
9.3
m/hr
Roof Facia Panels, Asbestos
1.3
2.5
3.9
m/hr
Roof Facia Panel Studding, nailed
7.3
8.1
9.0
m/hr
Roof Facia Panel Studding, screwed
4.6
5.2
5.8
m/hr
Roof Facia Panel Studding, bolted to beams
5.4
5.9
6.6
m/hr
Roof Works, Fix Herringbone Strutting
5.1
m/hr
Roof Works, Fix Firing Strips
25.0
m/hr
Roof Works, Fix Drip/Tilt Filleting
20.5
m/hr
Roof Carcass, Ridge Boards under 3m

Roof Carcass, Cut Rafter Feet to line
Chases
Chases
Cutting Chases In Brickwork

In Brickwork (m/hr)
11/3/2014
Page 6 of 100
By Hand
Chase depth
-->
0-25mm
25-37mm
37-50mm
Ne 25 mm
wide
4.17
2.78
2.08
25-50 mm
wide
3.45
2.27
1.69
50-75 mm
wide
2.86
1.92
1.45
75-100 mm
wide
2.50
1.67
1.23
Ne 25 mm
wide
11.1
5.56
4.17
25-50 mm
wide
6.67
4.55
3.33
50-75 mm
wide
6.67
4.55
3.33
75-100 mm
wide
5.00
3.33
2.50
Machine
Cutting Chases In Concrete

In Concrete (m/hr)
By Hand
Chase depth
-->
0-25mm
25-37mm
37-50mm
Ne 25 mm
wide
3.03
2.04
1.54
25-50 mm
wide
2.50
1.67
1.25
50-75 mm
wide
2.13
1.41
1.05
75-100 mm
wide
1.82
1.22
0.92
Chase depth
-->
0-25mm
25-37mm
37-50mm
Ne 25 mm
wide
5.88
4.00
3.03
25-50 mm
wide
5.00
3.33
2.50
50-75 mm
wide
4.17
2.86
2.13
75-100 mm
wide
3.70
2.44
1.81
Machine
11/3/2014
Page 7 of 100
Cutting Chases In Heavyweight Blockwork

In Heavyweight Blockwork (m/hr)
By Hand
Chase
depth -->
0-25mm
25-37mm
37-50mm
Ne 25 mm
wide
3.85
2.63
1.96
25-50 mm
wide
3.23
2.17
1.64
50-75 mm
wide
2.70
1.82
1.36
75-100 mm
wide
2.33
1.56
1.18
Machine
Ne 25 mm
wide
7.69
5.00
3.85
25-50 mm
wide
6.25
4.17
3.13
50-75 mm
wide
5.26
3.57
2.70
75-100 mm
wide
4.55
3.13
2.33
Cutting Chases In Lightweight Blockwork

In Lightweight Blockwork (m/hr)
By Hand
Chase depth
-->
0-25mm
25-37mm
37-50mm
Ne 25 mm
wide
7.69
5.00
3.85
25-50 mm
wide
6.25
4.17
3.13
50-75 mm
wide
5.26
3.45
2.63
75-100 mm
wide
4.55
3.03
2.27
Chase depth
-->
0-25mm
25-37mm
37-50mm
Ne 25 mm
wide
14.2
10.0
7.69
25-50 mm
wide
11.1
7.69
5.88
50-75 mm
wide
10.0
7.14
5.26
Machine
11/3/2014
Page 8 of 100
75-100 mm
wide
9.09
6.25
4.76
Cutting Switch Boxes

Cutting Switch Boxes etc (No/hr)
Box Type
-->
Small
Large
Hand
7.14
3.57
Machine
12.5
5.56
Hand
6.67
4.17
Machine
12.5
6.25
Lightweight
Blockwork
Hand
Hand
Machine
20.0 25.0
10.0 14.3
Heavyweight
Blockwork
Hand
Hand
Machine
7.69 12.5
3.85 5.88
Concrete
Brickwork
Computer Room / Raised Floors

Typically installed by a 2 man gang
Medium sized room incl cutting 2.67 m2/hr
Concrete Related Works

Formwork
Beam Falsework Formwork
Rates include for making, fixing, cleaning and minor repair works etc, rates in m2/hr.
Soffits - On runners and props, including erection of props etc.
Hight of
Beam
Soffit--->
Width
0 - 3.5 m
Fix
3.5 - 5.0 m
Strike
Fix
Strike
100 0.70
200 mm
1.23
0.58
1.02
200 0.81
300 mm
1.39
0.68
1.15
300 0.93
500 mm
1.54
0.78
1.28
500 1.16
750 mm
1.85
0.96
1.54
1.23
2.17
1.03
1.82
11/3/2014
Page 9 of 100
exc 750
mm
Soffits - On runners and props, on previously erected props etc.
Hight of 0 - 3.5 m
Beam
Soffit--->
3.5 - 5.0 m
Width
Strike
Fix
Strike
100 0.96
200 mm
1.69
0.91
1.67
200 1.11
300 mm
1.92
1.05
1.82
300 1.27
500 mm
2.08
1.20
2.00
500 1.56
750 mm
2.50
1.49
2.44
exc 750 1.64

mm
2.86
1.39
2.70
Fix
Sides - Strutted from soffit bearers etc.
Hight of 0 - 3.5 m
Beam
Soffit--->
3.5 - 5.0 m
Depth
Strike
Fix
Strike
100 0.78
200 mm
1.23
0.74
1.18
200 0.93
300 mm
1.39
0.88
1.32
300 1.06
500 mm
1.54
1.02
1.47
500 1.47
750 mm
2.08
1.39
2.00
exc 750 1.54

mm
2.33
1.47
2.33
Fix
Sides - Using clamps and struts etc.

Hight of 0 - 3.5 m
Beam
Soffit--->
3.5 - 5.0 m
Depth
Strike
Fix
Strike
100 0.91
200 mm
1.47
0.87
1.39
200 1.09
300 mm
1.64
1.04
1.56
300 1.27
500 mm
1.82
1.20
1.72
Fix
11/3/2014
Page 10 of 100
Columns Formwork
Rates include for fixing, cleaning and minor repair works etc, rates in m2/hr unless otherwise stated.
Cross
Sectional
Area-->
Ne 0.2 m2
Exc 0.2 m2
Item
Fix
Strike
Fix
Strike
KickersDirect to
slab (no/hr)
4.00
12.50
2.63
8.33
KickersSuspended
(no/hr)
2.08
12.50
1.39
8.33
Square Sides-Timber Clamped and Propped

Column
Height-->
Item
Cross
Section
2-3m
Fix
3-4m
Strike
Fix
Strike
0.00 1.35
0.05 m2
2.70
1.67
3.57
1.69
0.05 0.10 m2
3.45
1.82
3.85
0.10 1.82
0.20 m2
4.00
2.33
4.55
2.04
0.20 0.40 m2
4.55
2.44
5.00
exc
2.33
0.40 m2
5.26
2.50
5.88
Footing formwork
Activity
Labor (L) Helper

(Mandays)
Material (M)
Material
(M)
Material (M)
Sqm
0.8
Mandays/10Sqm
1.5
Mandays/10Sqm
MS Wall Form
Panel - 1250 x
500 :
16Nos/10Sqm
Props 2m to 3m
Long : 2
Nos/Rm
Shuttering
Oil :
4Ltr/10Sqm
Footing Deshuttering & Sqm

insitu Stacking
0.48
Mandays/10Sqm
0.9
Mandays/10Sqm
TASKS
Footing Footing
Shuttering &
formwork Providing
Support
Task Labor (L) Carpenter

UOM (Mandays)
Formwork & Falsework - Ground Foundation Formwork

FORMWORK & FALSEWORK
Ground Foundation Formwork All formwork rates in m2/hr.
11/3/2014
Page 11 of 100
Item
Shutter size
Fix
Strike
1.64
3.85
1.82
4.55
1.50 - 2.25 m2 2.00
5.00
2.25 - 3.00 m2 2.22
5.56
exc 3.00 m2
2.50
7.14
1.72
4.55
0.75 - 1.50 m2 1.82
4.55
1.50 - 3.00 m2 2.50
6.25
3.00 - 5.00 m2 2.63
6.67
To Pilecaps 0.75 m
0.75 - 1.50 m
To
0.75 m2
Foundations
To Ground
Beams
1.82
4.55
1.50 - 3.00 m2 2.63
6.67
3.00 - 5.00 m2 2.70
7.14
1.50 m
Formwork
Formwork
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Pilecaps, < 0.7m2
0.9
1.6
2.0
m2/hr
Pilecaps, 0.7-2.5m2
1.6
2.0
2.3
m2/hr
Pilecaps, 2.5-3.0m2
2.0
2.3
2.5
m2/hr
Pilecaps, > 3.0m2
2.3
2.5
3.1
m2/hr
Ground Beams, < 0.7m2
1.1
1.7
1.8
m2/hr
Ground Beams, 0.7-1.5m2
1.7
1.8
2.5
m2/hr
1.8
2.5
2.6
m2/hr
2.5
2.6
3.5
m2/hr
Elevated Plain Slab Soffit
0.6
0.8
1.2
m2/hr
Beams, on erected falsework, width 100-200mm
0.9
1.0
1.1
m2/hr
1.0
1.1
1.3
m2/hr
1.2
1.3
1.5
m2/hr
1.5
1.6
1.8
m2/hr
Beams, on erected falsework, width over 750mm
1.4
1.5
1.7
m2/hr
Walls, Construct Kickers
5.3
7.1
10.0
m2/hr
Walls, Fully Framed Formwork/Struts, 1.0-2.0m2
0.9
1.8
1.9
m2/hr
Walls, Fully Framed Formwork/Struts, 2.0-5.0m2
1.0
2.2
2.5
m2/hr
Walls, Fully Framed Formwork/Struts, over 5.0m2
1.2
2.5
2.9
m2/hr
Walls, StoriForm Shutters, 1.0-3.0m2
1.0
1.4
2.0
m2/hr
1.9
2.3
3.3
m2/hr
2.3
2.8
3.5
m2/hr
3.2
4.5
4.0
m2/hr
Walls, StoriForm Shutters, over 15.0m2
3.8
4.8
5.4
m2/hr
Ground Slabs
1.0
1.5
1.8
m2/hr
Columns, Construct Kickers, direct to slab
3.2
4.1
5.4
no/hr
11/3/2014
Page 12 of 100
Columns, Construct Kickers, suspended from soffit slab
1.2
2.8
3.2
no/hr
Columns, Square Sides, Timber Clamp/Prop, csa < 0.1m2
1.3
1.6
1.8
m2/hr
Columns, Square Sides, Timber Clamp/Prop, csa 0.1-0.4m2
1.8
2.1
2.4
m2/hr
Columns, Square Sides, Timber Clamp/Prop, csa over 0.4m2
2.0
2.3
2.5
m2/hr
Columns, Square Sides, Steel Forms, 1.5 x 1.5 x 9.0m high
7.9
9.5
10.3
m2/hr
6.9
7.5
8.3
m2/hr
8.5
10.2
12.0
m2/hr
Columns, Round Sides, Sacrificial Plastic Mould, 3.0-4.0m dia
3.5
4.5
6.0
m2/hr
Columns, Round Sides, Steel Mould, 3.0-4.0m dia
5.2
6.5
7.5
m2/hr
Columns, Sloping Column Heads, extra over rate
2.5
3.5
hrs/no
Staircases, Stair Soffit, Sloping
0.7
0.8
1.0
m2/hr
Staircases, Stair Soffit, Flat Landing
0.8
0.9
1.2
m2/hr
Staircases, Wall Strings
0.4
0.6
m2/hr
Staircases, Open Strings
0.7
0.8
m2/hr
Staircases, Riser Boards fixed to strings
2.5
2.8
m2/hr
Staircases, Risers fixed to Strings
2.3
2.6
m2/hr
1.1
1.4
1.8
m2/hr
300.0
500.0
mm/hr
Table Form, Aluminum System, 400m2 bays
2.1
3.2
3.8
m2/hr
Table Form, H-Frame Steel Falsework, 400m2 bays
1.9
3.0
3.5
m2/hr
Tunnel Forms, Wall and Slab poured as one
15.6
17.5
m2/hr
Hollorib Decking, lay deck
43.5
47.5
m2/hr
Hollorib Decking, shear connecting studs
29.3
31.2
m2/hr
Stop Ends, no perforations
2.8
3.5
4.2
m2/hr
Stop Ends, minor perforations
1.2
1.5
1.9
m2/hr
Stop Ends, dense perforations
0.9
1.1
1.4
m2/hr
Box Outs, 0.01-0.05m2
7.6
8.2
9.1
no/hr
Box Outs, over 0.05m2
3.1
3.9
4.5
no/hr
Dummy Frames, under 3.0m2
4.5
6.2
7.1
no/hr
Dummy Frames, over 3.0m2
3.1
3.7
4.5
no/hr
Waffle Flooring, 2.4m grid

Shaft Slip Forming
Formwork Re-Use
Typical rate for number of formwork uses before shutter remake. NOTE: This varies significantly depending on care
taken with shutters and programme time available etc.
Walls = 20 uses
Slab Soffits = 10 - 15 uses
Beam & Column Boxes = 30 uses
Hollorib Decking
Hollorib Decking
Lay decking = 350 m2/day
Shear Connecting Studs 235 m2 studded per day per gun (4,000 studs/week)
Concrete topping = 4,000 m2/week or 2,000 m2/week incl power floating
Raft formwork
11/3/2014
Page 13 of 100
Activity

UOM (Mandays)
Labor (L) Helper

(Mandays)
Material (M)
Material
(M)
Material (M)
Sqm
0.71
Mandays/10Sqm
1.41
Mandays/10Sqm
MS Wall Form
Panel - 1250 x
500 :
16Nos/10Sqm
Props 2m to 3m
Long : 2
Nos/Rm
Shuttering
Oil :
4Ltr/10Sqm
Raft Deshuttering & Sqm

insitu Stacking
0.42
Mandays/10Sqm
0.84
Mandays/10Sqm
TASKS
Raft Raft
Shuttering &
formwork Providing
Support
Ramp formwork
Activity
Ramp
formwork
TASKS
Task - UOM
Ramp Shuttering
&
Sqm
Providing
Support
Ramp Deshuttering
& Stacking
Sqm
Appropriately
at Same
Location
Labor (L) Carpenter

(Mandays)
Labor (L) Helper

(Mandays)
Material (M)
Material (M)
Material
(M)
Adjustable
Props 2.02m to
MS Floor Form MS Floor
3.75 m :
0.22
0.44
Panel - 750 x
Form Panel 2Nos/Sqm
Mandays/Sqm Mandays/Sqm 600 1250 x 500 :
and
13.3Nos/10Sqm 6.4Nos/10Sqm
Shuttering
Oil :
5Ltr/10Sqm
0.13
0.26
Mandays/Sqm Mandays/Sqm
Shades Formwork
Activity
TASKS
Shades
Formwork
Weather
Shade,
Chajjas,
Corbels
Shuttering
(Including
Propping)
Task - UOM
Labor (L) Carpenter

(Mandays)
Labor (L) Helper

(Mandays)
Sqm
Adjustable
MS Floor
Props 0.12
0.14
Form Panel 2.02m to
Mandays/Sqm Mandays/Sqm 750 x 600 3.75 m :
2.2Nos/Sqm
2Nos/Sqm
Material (M)
Material
(M)
Material
(M)
Shuttering
Oil :
0.3Ltr/Sqm
11/3/2014
Page 14 of 100
Weather
Sqm
Shade,
Chajjas,
Corbels Deshuttering &
Stacking
Appropriately
at Same
Location
0.07
0.08
Mandays/Sqm Mandays/Sqm
Staircase formwork
UOM (Mandays)
Activity
TASKS
Staircase
formwork
Staircase
(Excluding Spiral
Staircase) Shuttering &
Providing Support
Sqm
Staircase
(Excluding Spiral
Staircase) Deshuttering &
Stacking
Appropriately at
Same Location
Sqm
Labor (L) Helper

(Mandays)
Material (M)
0.23
Mandays/Sqm
0.46
Mandays/Sqm
Adjustable
MS Floor Form
Props Panel - 750 x
2.02m to
600 3.75 m :
2.2Nos/Sqm
2Nos/Sqm
0.14
Mandays/Sqm
0.28
Mandays/Sqm
Material (M)
Material (M)
Shuttering
Oil :
5Ltr/10Sqm
Tunnel Forms
Concrete - Tunnel Forms A system of forms which enables walls and slabs to be cast in the same pour. suited to
buildings with large number of identically sized rooms, such as hotels or flats. Used in conjunction with high speed
concrete pumps, pre-formed reinforced cages.
Rates
Setup
14 days
Slab & Walls 125 m2/day (equals 3.5 rooms)

Dismantle
7 days
Waffle Flooring
Rate includes for erection of decking and infill beams, cut position & nail plywood ribs, transport position and fix 800 mm
x 800 mm waffle forms, clean and oil plywood and adjust to levels (m2/hr). Conservative Erection Rate...
2.4 m grid, ne 3.5 m high soffit = 1.42 m2/hr
3.5 - 5.5 m high soffit = 1.13 m2.hr
Typical composite rate of 18.5 m2/day per 4 man gang. Rate includes decking, waffles and reinforcement fixing.
Walls formwork
11/3/2014
Page 15 of 100
Activity
TASKS

UOM (Mandays)
Walls (Any
Thickness),
Including
Walls
Buttresses formwork Shuttering &
Providing
Support - Up to
3.5m Height
Walls Deshuttering &

insitu Stacking
Labor (L) Helper

(Mandays)
Sqm
2.22
Mandays/10Sqm
(Including Both
Sides)
2.64
Mandays/10Sqm
(Including Both
Sides)
Sqm
1.32
Mandays/10Sqm
(Including Both
Sides)
1.76
Mandays/10Sqm
(Including Both
Sides)
Material (M)
Material
(M)
MS Wall Form
Panel - 1250 x
500 - 32
Nos/10Sqm
(Including
Both Sides)
Props - 2m
to 3m
Long :
4Nos/Rm
(Including
Both Sides)
Material (M)
Shuttering
Oil :
5Ltr/10Sqm
(On One
Side)
Making Good Concrete

Rates including blowing out, preparations, clean and shutter joints and making a fair faced
finish.
By
Hand
With
Mechanical
Sander
Walls
5.56
m2/hr
8.62 m2/hr
Columns
2.80
m2/hr
6.99 m2/hr
Sides and
Soffits of
Beams
2.80
m2/hr
6.99 m2/hr
Soffits of
Slabs
4.21
m2/hr
7.58 m2/hr
Vertical Bolt
Holes
16.67
no/hr
Horizontal
Bolt Holes
14.49
no/hr
Vertical
28.57
Shutter Joints m/hr
Horizontal
25.00
Shutter Joints m/hr
Rub Down
Precast
Concrete
16.95
m2/hr
Scabble
Single
head
brush
hammer
0 - 4 mm 30.74
hrs/m2
Three
head
brush
hammer
0 - 4 mm 37.14
hrs/m2
0 - 8 mm 59.14
hrs/m2
0 - 8 mm
11/3/2014
Page 16 of 100
71.12
hrs/m2
Mixing Concrete
Mixing By Hand
A typical rate of 0.32 m3/hr of concrete. Compulsory Paddle Mixer Generally with one or two 3.5m3 drums, giving a cycle
time of 60 to 80 seconds (m3/Hr).
Mix Time -->
60 secs
80 secs
Single drum
plant
210
158
Double drum 420

plant
315
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Concrete Weight, 1m3
2.4
Tonnes
Readymix Lorry, Length
8.3
Readymix Lorry, Width
2.5
Readymix Lorry, Height
3.7
Readymix Lorry, Length
24.4
Tonnes
Readymix Lorry, Turning Circle
16.4
Readymix Lorry, Allowable Access Ramp Gradient
17.0
20.0
Mixing Concrete, By Hand
0.3
m3/hr
Mixing Concrete, Single Drum Paddle Mixer
158.0
180.0
210.0
m3/hr
Mixing Concrete, Double Drum Paddle Mixer
315.0
370.0
420.0
m3/hr
Mixing Concrete, Single Drum Plant Pan Mixer
120.0
m3/hr
Mixing Concrete, Dry Mix Plant
90.0
m3/hr
degrees
CONCRETING
Properties
1 m3 of concrete weights 2.4 tonnes Skip Capacities Dual Flow Skips
Skip
Size
Qty Per
Lift
Laiden
Weight
0.50 m3
0.44 m3
1,261 kg
0.75 m3
0.68 m3
1,850 kg
2,585 kg
1.00 m
0.94 m
Rollover Skips, Front discharge

Skip
Size
Qty Per
Lift
Laiden
Weight
0.50 m3
0.44 m3
1,361 kg
0.75 m3
0.68 m3
2,057 kg
Readymix
Lorries
- Length
8.23 m
- Width
2.43 m
- Height
3.66 m
11/3/2014
Page 17 of 100
- Weight
24.38
tonnes
- Turning
Circle
16.36 m
Dry Lean Concrete

From readymix truck and spade finish (m3/hr).
Roads and
Runway
Areas
1.39
Paths
0.57
Drains,
tipped
direct
0.85
Drains,
thrown in
0.68
Placement & Finishing

Concrete Cycle Times
Blinding Concrete
Placing blinding direct from ready mix truck, rate of 4-5 m2/hr or 0.2-0.3 m3/hr.
Base / Floor Slabs
Concourse slab concrete pour, 36 m x 18 m, concrete volume of 1,500 m3 and 290 tonnes of reinforcement. Blind 1 day,
formwork 2 days, reinforcement 5 days and concrete on day 8. Adit base slabs, concrete volume of 140 m3. Steelfixing
for 4 days and concrete on the 5th day.
Tunnel Sections
Simple cooling watermain tunnels, a typical cycle time of 5 days per 8 m sections, or a rate of 0.16 m/hr.
Track Slab
Track slab concrete pour, 36 m x 28 m, concrete volume of 1,050 m3 and 360 tonnes of reinforcement. Excavate 6 m
from one edge 7 days, strut 9 days, final excavation 3 days, pile chipping 5 days, blind 4 days, reinforcement 5 days and
concrete on day 32. On simple pours, with little formwork, 24 m x 28 m, concrete volume of 1,200 m3 and 220 tonnes of
reinforcement. Blind 3 days, reinforcement 3 days and concrete on day 8.
Wall Slabs
Adit wall construction, concrete volume of 80 m3. Steelfixing for 3 days and concrete on 4th day.
Roof Slabs
Adit roof slab construction, concrete volume of 80 m3. Steelfixing for 4 - 5 days and concrete on the 6th day.
Staircases
Standard staircase, concrete volume of 60 - 80 m3. Steelfixing for 4 days, formwork for 3 days and concrete on the 7 th
day. Simple staircase from track slab up to platform edge, a rise of 1.2 m, a typical cycle time of 3 days per flight.
Slip Forming
Concrete - Slip Forming
A typical period of 10 - 14 days is required to setup the shutter on the ground and cast the platform.
Rate of climb of formwork = 200 - 300 mm/hr.
11/3/2014
Page 18 of 100
Table Forms
Concrete - Table Forms
Fast method of forming walls/slabs with movable shutter. This rate is inclusive of walls and columns etc.
Rate of 100 - 150 m2/day
Concrete Finishing
Concrete Finishing
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Surface Finishing, Steel Float By Hand
9.2
13.9
25.0
m2/hr
Surface Finishing, Wood Float By Hand
11.7
17.2
29.4
m2/hr
Surface Finishing, Power Float
13.9
20.8
37.0
m2/hr
Surface Finishing, Light Brush on Trowel
55.8
90.1
170.0
m2/hr
Surface Finishing, Brush on Trowel Margin
28.8
48.5
85.0
m2/hr
Surface Finishing, Sprayed By Pump, expose aggregate
65.0
95.0
145.0
m2/hr
Surface Finishing, Wire Brush, expose aggregate
15.0
25.0
30.0
m2/hr
Making Good Walls, prepare, shutter, pour
5.5
8.6
m2/hr
Making Good Columns, prepare, shutter, pour
2.8
6.9
m2/hr
Making Good Sides of Beams, prepare, shutter, pour
2.8
7.0
m2/hr
Making Good Slab Soffits, prepare, shutter, pour
4.2
5.5
m2/hr
14.8
16.8
25.8
no/hr
18.0
m2/hr
30.7
59.5
73.8
Making Good Bolt Holes, prepare, shutter, pour

Making Good Rubdown Precast Concrete, prepare, shutter, pour
Making Good Scabble 3 head brush hammer, prepare, shutter, pour
hrs/m2
Concrete Finishes (m2/hr).

Area
Finished
-->
0-40 m2
40-200 m2
exc 200 m2
Steel Float
by Hand
9.26
13.89
25.00
Wood Float 11.76

by Hand
17.24
29.41
Power
Float
13.89
20.83
37.04
Light Brush 55.56

on Trowel
90.91
166.67
Brush on
Trowel
Margin
27.78
45.45
83.33
Sprayed
55.56
using hand
pump
90.91
142.86
Wire
6.99
Brush,
expose agg
11.76
20.83
11/3/2014
Page 19 of 100
Concrete Pumping
Large Concrete Pours, lorry pump.
Simple Rule Of Thumb, concretors 0.5 - 1.0 hrs/m3 of concrete, depending on access, pour size and concrete
availability.
Base Slabs etc, 1,200m3 equalling 25 - 35m3/hr per pump, with 3 No pumps and 12 men for 2 shifts of 12 hrs.
OFC Laying
OFC Laying
By Using Concrete/Road Cutter Equipment
Resources
Survey Team of 4 (1 Suveyor , 3 Assistants)

Equipment with Operator and Helper
Cutting Line Marking team ( 2-3 Persons)
OFC cable laying team ( 4 Persons)
Splicing team (2 technicians )
Productivity
if everything is planned properly with adequate overlap of 3-4 days. 400-500m/day can be achieved.
By using trenching machine
Equipment with Operator and helper

Mini Dozer with operator
OFC Laying laying team (6-8 persons)
Rest resources as per above
Productivity
If everything has planned properly with adequate overlap of 2-3 days. 250-300m/day can be achieved.
Place Concrete
Barrowing Concrete (m3/hr).
Receive concrete from mixer/lorry direct to barrow, wheel to placing position, tip and return.
Distance
0 - 10 m
2.32
10 - 20 m
1.81
20 - 50 m
1.08
As above but including load concrete from deck/tray.

Distance
0 - 10 m
0.99
10 - 20 m
0.87
20 - 50 m
0.66
Extra over to place direct, for dump and shovel in from side, a typical rate of 0.26 hrs/m3.Direct From Ready Mix Lorry
(m3/hr).
Type
Ready
Mix
Via
Dumper
Via
Dumper
Tip
Direct
Tip Direct
Thrown
In
Mass Fill
3.12
2.56
1.49
50mm
Blinding
1.27
1.06
0.82
Ground
Beams ne
0.1 m2 SA
1.52
1.30
1.00
11/3/2014
Page 20 of 100
Ground
Beams ex
0.1 m2 SA
1.69
1.49
1.16
Pile Caps
ne 0.1 m2
SA
1.16
1.06
0.79
Pile Caps
ex 0.1 m2
SA
2.56
2.13
7.69
Duct Walls
0.78
0.71
0.52
Stub
Columns
0.43
0.39
0.29
Ground
Slab ne
155 mm
2.13
1.82
1.22
Ground
Slab 150300 mm
2.33
1.96
1.27
Ground
Slab 300500 mm
2.56
2.13
1.35
Drains, Bed 0.91

& Cover
0.85
0.73
By Lorry Mounted Concrete Pump (m3/hr).

Thickness 13.5 m3/hr
-->
18
m3/hr
ne 100
mm
2.17
2.63
100 - 150 2.44

mm
2.94
150 - 200 2.63

mm
3.23
200 - 300 2.86

mm
3.45
300 - 500 3.23

mm
3.85
1.64
1.82
0.5 - 0.10 1.59

m2
1.59
exc 0.10
m2
1.82
1.82
ne 150
mm
1.61
1.89
150 - 225 1.89

mm
2.33
exc 225
mm
2.56
3.23
Independent
Beams
1.54
1.54
Stairs and
Landings
1.27
1.89
Solid Slabs
Coffered Slabs
Columns
Wall
By Dumper, From Ready Mix Lorry To Position (m3/hr).

Dumper 0.6 m3
Capacity
-->
0.8 m3
1.2 m3
1.5 m3
2.3 m3
0 - 20 m
14.08
18.82
25.00
33.33
10.41
11/3/2014
Page 21 of 100
20 - 50
m
9.09
12.36
16.39
22.22
29.41
50 - 100
m
7.29
10.41
13.88
18.86
25.00
100 250 m
5.78
7.87
10.00
13.51
18.18
250 500 m
3.65
4.95
8.33
8.95
12.35
500 750 m
2.16
2.92
4.27
5.43
7.87
750 1,000 m
3.97
5.78
By Tower/Mobile Crane (m3/hr).

0.4 m 0.6
Skip m
Skip
0.8 m
Skip
Pile Caps
SA ne 2 1.19
m2
1.39
1.61
Mass Fill
Pours
SA 2-5
m3
1.75
2.04
2.33
ne 10
m3
3.70
4.17
4.76
10-25
m3
4.00
4.55
0.84
exc 25
m3
4.35
5.00
5.86
ne 100
mm
0.90
1.09
1.21
100-150 1.09
mm
1.31
1.47
150-200 1.26
mm
1.53
1.69
200-300 1.26
mm
1.53
1.69
Exc 300 1.38

mm
1.66
1.85
Trough &
Coffered
Slabs
0.95
1.09
1.21
Structural
Topping
ne 100
mm
0.90
1.09
1.25
Stairs &
Landings
0.64
0.64
0.64
Slabs
Blinding
ne 150
mm
0.88
1.00
1.10
Beams
SA
0-0.05
m
0.52
0.58
0.69
SA
0.58
0.05-0.1
m
0.65
0.78
SA ex
0.1 m
0.76
0.85
1.02
ne 100
mm
0.64
0.76
0.88
Walls
11/3/2014
Page 22 of 100
Columns
100-150 0.76
mm
0.92
1.05
150-300 0.95
mm
1.11
1.28
exc 300
mm
1.10
1.28
1.47
SA ne
0.05 m2
0.43
0.45
0.48
0.48
SA
0.05-0.1
m2
0.50
0.54
SA ex
0.1 m2
0.53
0.57
0.51
Concrete Placement
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Placing concrete, lorry based pump
30.0
40.0
50.0
m3/hr
Hollorib Decking, concrete topping
85.0
100.0
120.0
m2/hr
Hollorib Decking, concrete topping, incl PowerFloat
40.0
50.0
70.0
m2/hr
Placing Concrete, By Wheelbarrow over 1-10m
2.1
2.3
2.5
m3/hr
1.5
1.8
2.1
m3/hr
0.8
1.1
1.5
m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Mass Fill
2.8
3.1
3.3
m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, 50mm Blinding
1.3
1.6
m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Ground Beams
1.5
1.7
m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Pile Caps
1.0
1.5
2.3
m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Duct Walls
0.8
1.1
m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Stub Columns
0.4
0.6
m3/hr
2.1
2.3
2.6
m3/hr
0.9
1.0
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Pile Caps
1.2
1.4
1.6
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Mass Fill
4.0
4.5
5.5
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Slabs under 150mm thick
0.9
1.3
1.7
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Slabs over 150mm thick
1.2
1.5
1.8
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Trough/Coffered Slabs
0.9
1.1
1.2
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Stairs and Landings
0.6
0.7
0.9
m3/hr
Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry, Ground Slab

Placing Direct From Readymix Lorry,Drains Bed and Cover
Placing From Tower Crane, Blinding
0.8
1.0
1.1
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Beams under 150mm thick
0.5
0.6
0.8
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Beams over 150mm thick
0.6
0.8
1.0
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Walls
0.6
1.1
1.5
m3/hr
Placing From Tower Crane, Columns
0.4
0.5
0.6
m3/hr
Post Tensioning Works

Post Tensioning
Concrete - Post Tensioning Sequence:
Concrete poured 1st Bay.
After 48 hrs concrete is stressed to initial strength (15 kN takes 1 day).
5 days after initial stressing, concrete is stressed to final strength (30 kN takes 1 day).
11/3/2014
Page 23 of 100
Formwork may now be struck and adjacent bay poured.

Post Tensioning
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Lag for Initial Stress Tensioning after 1st bay cast
48.0
hrs
Lag for Final Stress Tensioning after Initial Stress
120.0
hrs
Pre-Cast Works
PRECAST CONCRETE FLOOR SYSTEMS
Plank Elements (crane handled)
Rates given in hours/plank.
Plank
ne 3m
Lengths
3-6m
ex 6m
Unload/stack at
ground level
0.016
0.019
0.022
Unload/stack
upper levels
0.021
0.024
0.028
Sling from
ground to levels
0.019
0.021
0.025
Place in position
from stack
0.120
0.150
0.180
Activity
Block Elements Rates given in hours/thousand blocks.
Block
75125ex
Thickness 125mm 200mm 200mm
Activity
Unload
By
pallets/stack forklift
on ground
By
Crane
0.90
1.02
1.20
1.20
1.26
1.38
Unload
By
pallets/stack forklift
at upper
By
levels
Crane
1.50
1.62
1.80
2.34
2.40
2.70
Sling from
ground to
levels
By
forklift
1.44
1.56
1.74
By
Crane
1.56
1.62
1.80
12.00
13.80
15.00
Place in
position from
stacks
Reinforcement
Footing Reinforcement
11/3/2014
Page 24 of 100
Activity
Task L Barbender/Fitter
UOM (Mandays)
TASKS
Foot Rein - Placing

in Position &
Footing
Binding - Using
Mt
Reinforcement
TMT Bars, Mild
Steel, Tor Steel
L - Helper
(Mandays)
0.28
Mandays/0.1Mt
Bars 0.38
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
Bars 0.28
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
Bars 0.32
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
Foot Rein Straightening,

Cutting (With
Machine Cutting),
bending - Using
TMT Bars, Mild
Steel, Tor Steel
Mt
0.2
Mandays/0.1Mt
Foot Rein Straightening,

Cutting (With
Manual Cutting),
bending - Using
TMT Bars, Mild
Steel, Tor Steel
Mt
0.29
Mandays/0.1Mt
Binding
Wire :
5 kg/0.1Mt
Cover
Blocks 10No/0.1Mt
Reinforcement
Mesh reinforcement - to slabs = 10.5 m2/hr
Mesh reinformcement - to beams/columns = 2.5 m2/hr
Reinforcement
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Slabs/Foundations, steelfixing, 6mm
40.3
38.4
36.5
hrs/tonne
28.2
26.9
25.8
hrs/tonne
22.5
20.6
20.1
hrs/tonne
16.9
16.3
15.4
hrs/tonne
12.0
11.5
10.9
hrs/tonne
9.2
8.6
8.2
hrs/tonne
6.9
6.7
6.5
hrs/tonne
5.7
5.5
5.2
hrs/tonne
5.3
5.1
4.9
hrs/tonne
5.2
4.9
4.6
hrs/tonne
Beams/Columns, steelfixing, 6mm
55.4
52.8
50.6
hrs/tonne
38.8
37.0
35.1
hrs/tonne
29.5
28.4
26.9
hrs/tonne
23.4
22.4
21.9
hrs/tonne
16.6
15.8
15.1
hrs/tonne
12.4
11.9
11.3
hrs/tonne
9.9
9.2
8.7
hrs/tonne
6.8
6.6
6.2
hrs/tonne
11/3/2014
Page 25 of 100
6.1
5.9
5.6
hrs/tonne
6.1
5.9
5.6
hrs/tonne
Walls, steelfixing, 6mm
41.2
40.8
39.1
hrs/tonne
29.2
28.6
27.4
hrs/tonne
22.7
22.0
21.2
hrs/tonne
17.6
17.3
16.9
hrs/tonne
12.4
12.2
11.8
hrs/tonne
9.4
9.2
8.7
hrs/tonne
7.4
7.2
7.0
hrs/tonne
7.0
6.8
6.4
hrs/tonne
6.4
6.1
5.9
hrs/tonne
5.3
5.1
4.8
hrs/tonne
Staircases, steelfixing, 6mm
48.9
48.0
45.5
hrs/tonne
34.4
33.6
31.9
hrs/tonne
26.6
25.8
24.3
hrs/tonne
20.9
20.4
19.5
hrs/tonne
14.6
14.4
13.8
hrs/tonne
11.3
10.8
10.5
hrs/tonne
8.6
8.4
8.2
hrs/tonne
Reinforcement Ratios
Reinforcement Ratios
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Pile Cap, Concrete m3 x Ratio = Rebar Tonnes
14.8
%
ratio
Base Slab, Concrete m3 x Ratio = Rebar Tonnes
13.2
14.1
%
ratio
Suspended Slab, Concrete m3 x Ratio = Rebar Tonnes
20.6
25.6
%
ratio
Platform Slab, Concrete m3 x Ratio = Rebar Tonnes
15.6
%
ratio
Columns, Concrete m3 x Ratio = Rebar Tonnes
15.8
18.7
28.7
%
ratio
Walls, Concrete m3 x Ratio = Rebar Tonnes
14.7
15.0
%
ratio
Binding
Wire :
5 kg/0.1Mt
Cover
Blocks 10No/0.1Mt
Staircase Reinforcement
Activity
TASKS
Staircase Rein Placing in Position

Staircase
& Binding - Using
Reinforcement
TMT Bars, Mild
Steel, Tor Steel
UOM (Mandays)
Mt
0.32
Mandays/0.1Mt
L - Helper
(Mandays)
Bars 0.34
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
11/3/2014
Page 26 of 100
Staircase Rein Straightening,

Cutting (With
Machine Cutting),
bending - Using
TMT Bars, Mild
Steel, Tor Steel.
Staircase ReinStraightening,
Cutting (With
Manual Cutting),
bending - Using
TMT Bars, Mild
Steel, Tor Steel.
Mt
Mt
0.2
Mandays/0.1Mt
0.29
Mandays/0.1Mt
0.28
Bars Mandays/0.1Mt Include
5%
Wastage
Bars 0.32
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
Walls Reinforcement
Activity
TASKS
Walls Rein Placing in Position

Walls
& Binding - Using
Reinforcement
TMT Bars, Mild
Steel, Tor Steel
UOM (Mandays)
L - Helper
(Mandays)
Mt
0.41
Mandays/0.1Mt
Bars 0.45
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
Walls Rein Straightening,

Cutting (With
Machine Cutting),
bending - Using
TMT Bars, Mild
Steel, Tor Steel.
Mt
0.2
Mandays/0.1Mt
Bars 0.28
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
Walls Rein Straightening,

Cutting (With
Manual Cutting),
bending - Using
TMT Bars, Mild
Steel, Tor Steel.
Mt
0.39
Mandays/0.1Mt
Bars 0.43
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
Mt
0.47
Mandays/0.1Mt
Bars 0.5
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
Mt
0.55
Mandays/0.1Mt
Bars 0.57
Include
Mandays/0.1Mt 5%
Wastage
Walls Rein Stirrups Cutting

and Bending
Walls Rein Stirrups Teing
Binding
Wire :
5 kg/0.1Mt
Cover
Blocks 10No/0.1Mt
Decking
11/3/2014
Page 27 of 100
Decking
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
7.1
Simple Universal Beam Steel Bridge, concrete bridge deck, grano

cover
Units
m/day
Demolition & Break Out

Breaking Out & Openings
Breaking Out
Concrete And Remove (hrs/m3)
Slabs - unreinforced
Slabs - reinforced
Walls - unreinforced
Depth
Hand Machine
Ne 50 mm
2.35
1.96
50 - 100 mm
3.15
2.46
100 - 200 mm 3.75
3.94
200 - 300 mm 4.12
5.55
Ne 50 mm
4.71
3.92
50 - 100 mm
5.52
4.32
100 - 200 mm 5.88
4.71
200 - 300 mm 6.12
9.09
all walls
3.04
4.71
Walls - reinforced
all walls
5.52
3.92
Beams - reinforced
all sizes
7.50
5.89
Columns - reinforced
all sizes
9.20
7.30
Foundations - unreinforced all sizes
3.60
3.00
Foundations - reinforced
5.40
4.80
all sizes
Breaking Out Tarmac

Rates include for breaking out and removal of rubble (hrs/m3).
Pavings
Depth
Hand Machine
Ne 50 mm
1.96
1.56
50-100 mm
2.08
1.64
100-150 mm 2.17
1.75
Roadways upto 150 mm
3.57
Breaking Out Brickwork

Rates include for breaking out and removal of rubble (hrs/m3).
Depth
Hand Machine
Walls/columns Ne 100 mm 2.40
1.38
exc 100 mm 2.75
1.57
all sizes
1.57
Foundation
2.75
Breaking Diaphragm Wall
11/3/2014
Page 28 of 100
Breaking Openings using coring machine 0.2m3/hour

Breaking out to expose couplers using hand held braker 1.75m2/day ot 2.5m run/day (0.7m slab)
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Concrete Slabs, unreinforced 50-150mm
3.2
1.9
hrs/m3
Concrete Slabs, unreinforced 150-300mm
5.5
4.1
3.7
hrs/m3
Concrete Slabs, reinforced 50-150mm
5.2
3.9
hrs/m3
Concrete Slabs, reinforced 150-300mm
9.1
6.2
4.7
hrs/m3
Concrete Walls, unreinforced
4.7
3.9
3.1
hrs/m3
Concrete Walls, reinforced
5.6
4.7
3.9
hrs/m3
Concrete Foundations, unreinforced
3.6
3.3
3.0
hrs/m3
Concrete Foundations, reinforced
5.4
5.1
4.8
hrs/m3
Concrete Beams
7.5
6.5
5.6
hrs/m3
Concrete Columns
9.2
8.2
7.3
hrs/m3
Tarmac paving 20-50mm thick
1.9
1.7
1.5
hrs/m3
2.1
1.6
hrs/m3
2.1
1.7
hrs/m3
Tarmac roadway 150mm thick
3.6
hrs/m3
Brickwork, walls and columns
2.4
1.8
1.3
hrs/m3
Brickwork, foundations
2.7
2.1
1.5
hrs/m3
Cutting Holes
Cutting Holes in concrete by Hand (no/hr
Hole depth (mm) --> 0-75 75-125 125-250 250-375 375-500
Ne 50 cm2
2.94 1.85
1.75
50-100 cm2
2.22 1.39
1.32
100-150 cm2
1.67 1.11
1.05
250-500 cm2
1.28 0.88
0.83
Cutting Holes in concrete by Machine (no/hr)
Hole depth (mm) --> 0-75 75-125 125-250 250-375 375-500
Ne 50 cm2
5.88
5.00
4.55
50-100 cm2
4.00
3.45
3.03
100-150 cm2
2.50
2.17
1.92
11/3/2014
Page 29 of 100
150-250 cm2
1.67
1.45
1.28
250-500 cm2
Common Brickwork
Common Brickwork, by Machine (no/hr)
Hole depth (mm) --> 0-75 75-125 125-250 250-375 375-500
Ne 100 cm2
16.6
7.69
5.26
4.00
100-250 cm2
12.5
5.88
4.00
2.94
250-500 cm2
10.0
5.00
3.33
2.50
500-100 cm2
8.33
4.17
2.78
2.08
Common Brickwork, by Hand (no/hr)

Hole depth (mm) --> 0-75 75-125 125-250 250-375 375-500
Ne 100 cm2
11.1 8.33
5.56
3.85
100-250 cm2
9.09 7.14
4.55
3.23
250-500 cm2
7.69 5.88
3.85
2.70
500-100 cm2
6.67 4.76
3.23
2.27
Cutting Back
Cutting Back Concrete
Cutting Piles For Pile Caps, Using Breaker & Air Tools
Providing A Rough Finish (hrs/pile)
Pile Diameter-->
0.35m 0.5m 0.6m 0.79m 0.94m 1.1m 2.2m
0 - 100mm high
0.32
0.44 0.63 0.93
1.38
1.74
8.10
100-200mm high
0.39
0.56 0.81 1.22
1.83
2.16
8.58
200-300mm high
0.44
0.64 0.94 1.45
1.92
2.34
9.00
300-500mm high
0.49
0.72 1.07 1.65
2.10
2.50
9.50
500-750mm high
0.68
1.02 1.54 2.16
2.55
2.55 10.01
750-1000mm high 0.83
1.32 1.78 2.36
3.37
4.20 10.52
Providing A Neat Finish (hrs/pile)
Pile Diameter-->
0.35m 0.5m 0.6m 0.79m 0.94m 1.1m 2.2m
11/3/2014
Page 30 of 100
0 - 100 mm high
0.63 0.90 1.32
1.93
2.25
9.72
100-200 mm high
0.76 1.11 1.65
2.39
2.81 10.29
200-300 mm high
0.85 1.25 1.93
2.49
3.04 10.85
300-500 mm high
1.05 1.59 2.38
2.73
3.25 11.40
500-750 mm high
1.41 2.13 2.97
3.45
4.30 12.01
750-1000mm high -
2.07 2.79 3.72
4.38
5.43 12.62
Cut Concrete Slabs

Using Trolley Type Clipper Saw (m/hr)
Ne 25 mm deep 15.2
25-50 mm deep 11.5
50-75 mm deep 6.67
Cutting Back
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Concrete Pile Caps, 50-300mm deep and 0.6m dia
0.6
0.3
hrs/no
1.5
0.4
hrs/no
Concrete Pile Caps, > 750mm deep and 0.6m dia
1.8
0.8
hrs/no
1.9
0.8
hrs/no
2.5
1.1
hrs/no
4.2
2.3
hrs/no
9.2
8.2
hrs/no
10.1
9.5
hrs/no
11.5
10.2
hrs/no
Concrete, Cutting Slabs, 5-25m deep
15.2
m/hr
11.5
m/hr
6.7
m/hr
Concrete, Cutting Holes, coring machine
0.2
m3/hr
Concrete, Cutting Back to expose couplers 0.7m slab
2.5
m/day
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Concrete, cutting by hand, < 25mm wide
1.5
2.1
3.1
m/hr
Concrete, cutting by hand, 25-50mm wide
1.2
1.6
2.5
m/hr
Cutting Chases
Cutting Chases
Task / Description
11/3/2014
Page 31 of 100
1.0
1.4
2.1
m/hr
0.9
1.2
1.8
m/hr
Concrete, cutting by machine, < 25mm wide
3.1
4.0
5.8
m/hr
Concrete, cutting by machine, 25-50mm wide
2.5
3.3
5.0
m/hr
2.1
2.9
4.2
m/hr
1.8
2.4
3.7
m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by hand, < 25mm wide
2.1
2.7
4.1
m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by hand, 25-50mm wide
1.6
2.3
3.5
m/hr
1.4
1.9
2.8
m/hr
1.2
1.6
2.5
m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by machine, < 25mm wide
4.2
5.5
11.1
m/hr
Brickwork, cutting by machine, 25-50mm wide
3.3
4.5
6.7
m/hr
3.3
4.5
6.7
m/hr
2.5
3.3
5.0
m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by hand, < 25mm wide
3.8
5.0
7.7
m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by hand, 25-50mm wide
3.2
4.2
6.3
m/hr
2.6
3.4
5.3
m/hr
2.3
3.1
4.5
m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by machine, < 25mm wide
7.7
10.0
14.2
m/hr
Light Blockwork, cutting by machine, 25-50mm wide
5.9
7.7
11.1
m/hr
5.2
7.2
10.0
m/hr
4.7
6.3
9.1
m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by hand, < 25mm wide
1.9
2.6
3.8
m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by hand, 25-50mm wide
1.6
2.1
3.2
m/hr
1.3
1.8
2.7
m/hr
1.2
1.5
2.3
m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by machine, < 25mm wide
3.8
5.0
7.7
m/hr
Heavy Blockwork, cutting by machine, 25-50mm wide
3.2
4.2
6.2
m/hr
2.7
3.6
5.2
m/hr
2.3
3.1
4.5
m/hr
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Cutting in Concrete, small box
7.1
9.5
12.5
no/hr
Cutting in Concrete, large box
3.6
4.5
5.6
no/hr
Cutting in Brickwork, small box
6.6
9.5
12.5
no/hr
Cutting in Brickwork, large box
4.2
5.3
6.3
no/hr
Cutting in Lightweight Blockwork, small box
20.0
23.0
25.0
no/hr
Cutting in Lightweight Blockwork, large box
10.0
12.5
14.3
no/hr
Cutting in Heavyweight Blockwork, small box
7.7
10.0
12.5
no/hr
Cutting in Heavyweight Blockwork, large box
3.8
4.8
5.9
no/hr
Cutting Switchboxes
Cutting Switchboxes
Task / Description
Housing Demolitions
Demolition
11/3/2014
Page 32 of 100
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
2.5
Remove & Cart away, Ceramic Wall Tiles
2.0
2.5
3.4
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Wallpaper, 1 layer
8.7
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Wallpaper, 2 layers
7.1
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Wallpaper, 3 layers
5.7
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Lathe and Plaster Ceilings
3.2
4.6
5.0
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Plaster to Walls
2.1
3.1
5.9
m2/hr
Weight, Structural Steel
Units
Tonnes/m3
Remove & Cart away, External Render
3.9
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Floor Screed
3.2
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Concrete Paving
4.0
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Brickwork Walls, 1.0 brick thick
1.3
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Brickwork Walls, 0.5 brick thick
2.6
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Brickwork Walls, Sand/Lime Mortar
1.8
hrs/100
Remove & Cart away, Fireplace and Hearth
1.9
hrs/no
Remove & Cart away, Floor Boards
6.2
m2/hr
Remove & Cart away, Skirting, Architrave, Dado rail etc
16.5
m/hr
Remove & Cart away, Staircase
7.3
hrs/no
Remove & Cart away, Windows, 0-1m2
0.6
hrs/no
Remove & Cart away, Windows 1-2m2
0.8
hrs/no
Remove & Cart away, Windows 2-3m2
0.9
hrs/no
Remove & Cart away, Doors
0.3
hrs/on
Remove & Cart away, Door Frame
0.1
hrs/no
Remove & Cart away, Floor and Ceiling Joists
1.1
hrs/m
Remove & Cart away, Wall Plates
3.9
hrs/m
Remove & Cart away, Iron Bath
1.4
/hrs/no
Remove & Cart away, Wash Basin/Sink
0.8
/hrs/no
Remove & Cart away, Pipework including brackets etc
6.1
m/hr
Removal of Housing Finishes

HACKING OFF/ REMOVE MATERIALS
Removal of Housing Finishes
Ceramic wall
tiles
Wallpaper
All rates in m2/hr, unless otherwise indicated. Remove and cart away.
2.50
-1 layer
8.70
-2 layers
7.05
-3 layers
5.75
Lathe &
Plaster
ceilings
4.55
Plaster to
walls
3.05
External
render
3.90
Floor screed
3.05
11/3/2014
Page 33 of 100
Concrete
paving
Brickwalls London
Stocks
4.00
x 1 brick
1.35
- Londond
Stocks x
0.5 bricks
2.65
Sand/Lime
mortar
1.80 hrs/100
Fireplace and
metal hearth
1.90 hrs/no
Floor Boards
6.20
Architrave,
dado, skirting
etc
16.50 m/hr
Staircase
Windows
7.35 hrs/no
2
0.65 hrs/no
1 - 2 m2
0.80 hrs/no
2 - 3 m2
0.91 hrs/no
0-1m
Doors
0.25 hrs/no
Door frame
0.10 hrs/no
Floor &
Ceiling Joists
1.09 hrs/m
Wall plate
3.90 hrs/m
Bath
1.45 hrs/no
Basin
0.85 hrs/no
Pipework, incl
brackets etc
6.15 m/hr
Drainage, Manholes and Gulleys

Manholes and Gulleys
Slow
Ave
Fast
Concrete Pre-Cast Manhole Units, 610 x 455 x 51 mm
Task / Description
1.2
hrs/no
Concrete Pre-Cast Manhole Units, 990 x 610 x 64 mm
1.6
hrs/no
Brickwork Manhole, 1.0 brick engineering
0.3
m2/hr
0.2
m2/hr
0.2
m2/hr
Benching to Manhole, under 0.5m2
0.9
hrs/no
Benching to Manhole, 0.5-0.75m2
1.2
hrs/no
Benching to Manhole, 0.75-1.0m2
1.8
hrs/no
Brickwork Manhole, build in pipes, under 150mm dia
0.1
hrs/no
Brickwork Manhole, build in pipes, 150-225mm dia
0.2
hrs/no
Brickwork Manhole, build in pipes, over 225mm dia
0.3
hrs/no
0.3
0.6
1.2
hrs/no
Yard Gulleys, 75-150mm dia pipes, bed and level
2.2
no/hr
1.8
no/hr
1.5
no/hr
Brickwork Manhole, build in cast iron covers
Units
11/3/2014
Page 34 of 100
Road Gulleys, 600mm deep, bed and level
1.2
no/hr
0.8
no/hr
0.4
no/hr
Road Gulleys, 1,200mm deep, bed and level
0.3
no/hr
Road Gulleys, install gratings
5.0
no/hr
PVC Manhole
15.0
mins/no
Land Drains
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Land Drains, Concrete, butt jointed, under 150mm dia, 0-5m run
11.6
m/hr
Land Drains, Concrete, butt jointed, under 150mm dia, 5-30m run
14.1
m/hr
Land Drains, Concrete, butt jointed, under 150mm dia, over 30m run
18.8
m/hr
Land Drains, Concrete, butt jointed, 150-225mm dia, 0-5m run
8.4
m/hr
10.2
m/hr
Land Drains, Concrete, butt jointed, 150-225mm dia, over 30m run
11.9
m/hr
5.4
m/hr
6.5
m/hr
Land Drains, Concrete, butt jointed, 225-300mm dia, over 30m run
7.9
m/hr
Drainage
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
PVC Drainage, 1m pipes, 100-150mm dia, 0-5m run
5.7
m/hr
8.1
m/hr
PVC Drainage, 1m pipes, 100-150mm dia, over 30m run
9.5
m/hr
12.2
m/hr
15.2
m/hr
18.2
m/hr
22.2
m/hr
27.7
m/hr
33.3
m/hr
10.6
m/hr
12.8
m/hr
21.2
m/hr
25.6
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Cement/Sand Joints, 75mm dia, 0-5m run
4.7
m/hr
5.5
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Cement/Sand Joints, 75mm dia, over 30m run
6.6
m/hr
4.4
m/hr
5.0
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Cement/Sand Joints, 100mm dia, over 30m

run
6.2
m/hr
3.2
m/hr
3.8
m/hr

run
4.5
m/hr
2.1
m/hr
2.6
m/hr
11/3/2014
Page 35 of 100

run
3.1
m/hr
1.4
m/hr
1.7
m/hr

run
2.4
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Cement/Sand Joints, over 375mm dia, 0-5m

run
1.1
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Cement/Sand Joints, over 375mm dia, 5-30m

run
1.3
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Cement/Sand Joints, over 375mm dia, over

30m run
1.6
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Flexible Joints, 75mm dia, 0-5m run
8.3
m/hr
10.0
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Flexible Joints, 75mm dia, over 30m run
12.5
m/hr
7.7
m/hr
9.1
m/hr
10.0
m/hr
5.2
m/hr
6.2
m/hr
7.7
m/hr
2.7
m/hr
3.3
m/hr
4.0
m/hr
1.7
m/hr
2.1
m/hr
2.5
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Flexible Joints, over 375mm dia, 0-5m run
1.4
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Flexible Joints, over 375mm dia, 5-30m run
1.6
m/hr
Stoneware Drainage, Flexible Joints, over 375mm dia, over 30m

run
2.1
m/hr
PVC, Stoneware, Pitch Fibre & Concrete Joints
2.4
mins/no
Pitch Fibre Pipes, 75mm dia, 0-5m run
9.1
m/hr
16.6
m/hr
Pitch Fibre Pipes, 75mm dia, over 30m run
20.0
m/hr
9.1
m/hr
16.6
m/hr
20.0
m/hr
6.6
m/hr
12.5
m/hr
14.3
m/hr
6.2
m/hr
11.1
m/hr
12.5
m/hr
5.8
m/hr
10.0
m/hr
12.1
m/hr
Hepsleve Rubber Joint System, 75mm dia, 0-5m run
12.5
m/hr
11/3/2014
Page 36 of 100
14.3
m/hr
11.2
16.6
30.1
m/hr
10.0
m/hr
12.5
m/hr
Hepsleve Rubber Joint System, 100mm dia, over 30m run
14.3
m/hr
7.1
m/hr
9.1
m/hr
8.3
10.0
13.8
m/hr
6.8
m/hr
4.5
m/hr
5.5
m/hr
2.5
m/hr
2.9
m/hr
3.7
m/hr
Hepsleve Rubber Joint System, over 375mm dia, 0-5m run
1.9
m/hr
Hepsleve Rubber Joint System, over 375mm dia, 5-30m run
2.3
m/hr
Hepsleve Rubber Joint System, over 375mm dia, over 30m run
2.7
m/hr
Concrete Pipes, 1.5m pipes, 375mm dia, 0-5m run
2.8
m/hr
3.4
m/hr
Concrete Pipes, 1.5m pipes, 375mm dia, over 30m run
3.8
m/hr
2.7
m/hr
3.2
m/hr
3.6
m/hr
2.5
m/hr
2.9
m/hr
3.4
m/hr
2.4
m/hr
2.7
m/hr
3.3
m/hr
2.2
m/hr
2.6
m/hr
2.9
m/hr
1.1
m/hr
2.4
m/hr
2.5
m/hr
Concrete Pipes, 1.5m pipes, 1,050mm dia
2.9
4.2
m/day
2.5
3.8
m/day
2.1
2.6
m/day
3.6
m/hr
4.3
m/hr
5.0
8.0
m/hr
3.4
m/hr
4.1
m/hr
4.5
9.0
m/hr
3.3
m/hr
3.8
m/hr
11/3/2014
Page 37 of 100
4.1
m/hr
3.0
m/hr
3.5
m/hr
4.0
m/hr
2.8
m/hr
3.3
m/hr
3.7
m/hr
2.6
m/hr
3.1
m/hr
3.6
m/hr
Lay Shingle Around Pipework, under 150mm dia
7.0
m/hr
Lay Shingle Around Pipework, over 150mm dia
4.0
5.5
9.0
m/hr
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Hydraulic Excavator, 0.3m3 bucket, Sand/Soil - Basement Works
6.4
8.0
9.4
m3/hr
Hydraulic Excavator, 0.3m3 bucket, Gravel Beds - Basement Works
5.5
6.9
8.1
m3/hr
Hydraulic Excavator, 0.3m3 bucket, Clay/Chalk - Basement Works
5.2
6.5
7.9
m3/hr
Hydraulic Excavator, 0.3m3 bucket, Hard Ground - Basement Works
4.7
5.9
8.2
m3/hr
12.6
15.4
18.9
m3/hr
11.7
14.3
16.7
m3/hr
10.9
13.3
15.6
m3/hr
9.7
11.8
14.0
m3/hr
18.2
20.0
23.0
m3/hr
16.5
18.1
20.0
m3/hr
15.4
16.7
19.3
m3/hr
13.3
15.4
17.7
m3/hr
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 0.6m3 bucket, Sand/Soil
14.5
20.0
25.6
m3/hr
Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 0.6m3 bucket, Gravel Beds
15.2
20.4
25.6
m3/hr
Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 0.6m3 bucket, Clay/Chalk
12.3
18.5
23.2
m3/hr
Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 0.6m3 bucket, Boulder Clay
11.2
16.9
21.3
m3/hr
Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 1.1m3 bucket, Sand/Soil
25.4
30.3
35.7
m3/hr
Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 1.1m3 bucket, Gravel Beds
25.6
31.3
37.0
m3/hr
Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 1.1m3 bucket, Clay/Chalk
22.5
27.8
33.3
m3/hr
Earthworks & Excavation

Basement Excavations
Basement Excavation
Basement Excavation
Task / Description
Excavate and Remove

Excavate and Remove
Task / Description
11/3/2014
Page 38 of 100
Excavate Spoil Heaps to Transport, 1.1m3 bucket, Boulder Clay
18.9
24.4
30.3
m3/hr
Load Spoil to Barge, capacity 2,000m3
8.0
hrs
6.5
hrs
5.5
hrs
Spoil conveyor, 600mm belt, 150m/min
260.0
m3/hr
Bell Ground Anchors

Bell Ground Anchors
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Uncased Anchors, 10m long
2.0
no/day
Top Cased Anchors, 15m long
1.0
no/day
Anchors stressing
2.2
no/day
Bored Piling
Bored Piling
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Cycle Time, 5-20m deep
8.0
4.0
4.0
days/no
10.0
8.0
days/no
25.0
10.0
days/no
45.0
25.0
days/no
60.0
45.0
days/no
Move piling setup to next location
2.0
hrs
Excave shaft by grab, general fill/uppr levels
3.5
m/hr
Excave shaft by grab, sand/minor rubble
2.1
m/hr
Excave shaft by grab, marinve/aluvium
2.5
m/hr
Excave shaft by grab/RCD, CDT
0.5
m/hr
Excave shaft by grab/RCD, CDG <150
1.5
m/hr
Excave shaft by RCD, CDG 150-200
1.0
m/hr
Excave shaft by RCD, CDG >200/gravel
0.5
m/hr
Excave shaft by RCD/Chisel, corestones
0.5
m/hr
Excave Rock Socket by RCD, grade IV/V rock
0.2
0.3
m/hr
Excave Rock Socket by RCD, grade II/III rock
0.1
0.2
m/hr
Excave Rock Socket by RCD, tendering rate
0.1
m/hr
Add/remove RCD plant
2.0
hrs
Add/remove RCD drill string/drill bit
5.0
hrs
Remove Obstruction, above water hand hammers
0.8
m/hr
Remove Obstruction, below water heavy chisel
0.5
m/hr
60.0
53.0
50.0
hrs
Install air lift tremmie tube
5.0
hrs
Fabricate reinforcement cages
2.5
hs/cage
Install reinforcement cages
2.0
hrs/no
Shaft cleaning, air lifting after excavation
8.0
hrs
Shaft cleaning, air lifting after cage installed
2.0
hrs
Concrete Plug, RCD off/tremmie/concrete/cure/RCD on
Units
11/3/2014
Page 39 of 100
Shaft concreting/extract casing 5-70m deep
12.0
hrs
14.0
hrs
48.0
hrs
Concrete curing prior to remove telescopic casing
72.0
hrs
Concrete Testing, Coring Test
3.2
2.2
Concrete Testing, Sonic Logging Test
2.5
hrs/no
Concrete Testing, Vibration Test
6.5
hrs/no
m/hr
Bulk Excavation
Bulk Excavation
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Excavation Bulking Factor, Sand/Soil
15.0
20.0
Excavation Bulking Factor, Gravel
33.0
Excavation Bulking Factor, Clay/Chalk
40.0
Excavation Bulking Factor, Boulder Clay
45.0
Excavation Bulking Factor, Rock
60.0
Spoil Weight, Rock
2.5
Tonnes/m3
Spoil Weight, Concrete
2.4
Tonnes/m3
Spoil Weight, Landfill/CDG
1.9
Tonnes/m3
Spoil Weight, Sand
1.8
Tonnes/m3
Rail Mounted Grab, 2.0m3 bucket 2.4min lift cycle
30.0
48.0
59.0
m3/hr
Crane Mounted Clamshell Grab, 2.0m3 bucket 2.9min lift cycle
25.0
33.0
41.0
m3/hr
Crane Mounted Clamshell Grab, 2.5m3 bucket 2.9min lift cycle
34.0
42.0
52.0
m3/hr
Hydraulic Excavator, 0.3m3 bucket, Sand/Soil
6.9
8.7
10.2
m3/hr
23.4
28.6
33.4
m3/hr
45.5
50.0
58.0
m3/hr
Hydraulic Excavator, 0.3m3 bucket, Gravel Beds
5.6
7.1
8.2
m3/hr
20.5
25.0
29.0
m3/hr
36.8
40.0
46.0
m3/hr
Hydraulic Excavator, 0.3m3 bucket, Clay/Chalk
5.6
7.1
8.3
m3/hr
20.5
25.0
28.7
m3/hr
37.0
40.0
46.0
m3/hr
Hydraulic Excavator, 0.3m3 bucket, Hard Ground
4.5
6.1
7.2
m3/hr
17.9
22.2
25.0
m3/hr
25.7
28.6
32.9
m3/hr
Dewatering
Cofferdam Works
Soil Mix Wall Three auger machine drilling and mixing cement into three cores. H-piles dropped into two, then machine
moves along by two holes.
An average output was 4 - 5 m/day.
Dewatering
11/3/2014
Page 40 of 100
To setup a cofferdam dewatering system, including boring, pump installation and outflow pipework and drainage tanks
etc, typical rates are...
Small 2 hole system, for an overrun tunnel, with a single drilling rig takes about 7 - 10 days to get up and running.
A larger system, with 10 - 15 holes, for a station type cofferdam will take in the region of 3 weeks with 2 rigs. This
can be speeded up with the use of more rigs to reduce the well boring times.
A typical rate of 2.5 days per pump installation can be used to calculate detailed pumping arrangements. The water level
can be dropped in a "closed cofferdam" within a 6 to 8 hour period for a 25,000 m2 cofferdam with a 2 m water level
reduction. For smaller closed areas it will take only a few hours at most to reduce the water level by 2.5 - 3 metres.
Recharge System - Average well depth of say 55 m deep, not into rock, 9 wells in 10 days or 1.11 days/no with an
additional 4 - 5 days to connect pipework and recharge backup tanks etc.
Dewatering
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
10.0
8.0
6.0
days
Setup large 15 hole system
21.0
days
Calculate system times per pump
2.5
days/pump
Setup Recharge System
3.5
days/pump
Setup small 2 hole system
Excavate & Reduce Levels

Excavate By Hand
Trenches (m3/hr)
Depth in
Metres->
Ne 1.5
1.5-3.0
3.0-4.5
Sand/Soil
lose
0.66
0.45
0.33
Sand/Soil firm 0.57
0.38
0.28
Gravel
0.45
0.31
0.23
Clay/Heavy
Soil
0.46
0.31
0.24
Boulder Clay
0.38
0.26
0.19
Pits or Bases Ne 2 m (m /hr)

Depth in
Metres->
Ne 1.5
1.5-3.0
3.0-4.5
Sand/Soil
lose
0.5
0.33
Sand/Soil firm 0.43
0.29
Gravel
0.34
0.23
Clay/Heavy
Soil
0.35
0.24
Boulder Clay
0.28
0.19
Hand Transportation of Spoil (m3/hr)

Wheel
0 - 10 m
6.25
10 - 20 m
3.23
20 - 50 m
2.13
Trim Excavation (m3/hr)

Ave Thickness
Sand
Gravel
Clay
Boulders
0 - 25 mm
20.00
16.67
20.00
14.29
11/3/2014
Page 41 of 100
25 - 50 mm
11.11
8.33
9.09
7.69
50 - 75 mm
7.69
5.88
6.25
5.00
75 - 125 mm
5.56
4.35
4.55
3.70
Excavate & Spread and Level

Small Scale Spread and Level By Hand
Including load and wheel an average of 20 m from tipped heap (m3/hr)
Layers ->
n.e.25mm 2575mm
75.200mm Exc.200mm
n.e. 200 m2
1.03
1.03
1.12
1.23
exc. 200 m2
1.37
1.37
1.49
1.64
n.e. 200 m2
0.86
0.93
1.03
exc. 200 m2
1.14
1.23
1.37
n.e. 200 m2
0.85
1.02
1.27
exc. 200 m2
1.02
1.27
1.69
Sand/Soil
Gravel/Shingle
Hardcore
Spread and Level By Crawler Shovel Rates in (m3/hr)

0.6m3
0.8m3
1.0m3
1.2m3
n.e. 200 m2
18.67
38.46
43.48
52.63
exc. 200 m2
24.39
50.00
55.56
66.67
n.e. 200 m2
18.87
38.46
43.48
52.63
exc. 200 m2
24.39
50.00
55.56
66.67
n.e. 200 m2
15.87
31.25
37.04
43.48
19.23
40.00
47.62
55.56
n.e. 200 m2
17.24
35.71
43.48
47.62
exc. 200 m2
22.22
45.45
55.56
62.50
Machine Bucket->
Sand/Soil
Gravel/Shingle
Hardcore
exc. 200 m
Clay
Note:
n.e means "not exceeding"
Excavation Works
Excavate & Load
Excavate Spoil Heaps and Load to Transport (m3/hr):
Material
0.6 m3
0.8 m3
1.0 m3
1.2 m3
Sand/Soil
20.0
25.6
30.3
35.7
Gravel
20.4
25.6
31.3
37.0
11/3/2014
Page 42 of 100
Clay/Chalk
18.5
23.2
27.8
33.3
Boulder Clay 16.9
21.3
24.4
30.3
Note:
0.6m3, 0.8m3, 1.0m3 and 1.2m3 are excavator bucket capacity.
20.0, 25.6, 30.3 and 35.7 etc are excavation rates in m3 / hr
Excavate By Crawler Shovel.

Including excavate and bank/stock pile (m3/hr)
Sand/Soil
Machine
Bucket ->
0.6m3
0.8m3
1.0m3
1.2m3
Pushed
n.e.20 m
20.00
25.00
30.30
35.71
Pushed 20 50 m
13.89
20.41
23.81
27.78
Pushed 50 125 m
7.63
12.66
16.67
20.41
20.40
25.64
31.25
37.04
Pushed 20 - 14.29
50 m
20.83
25.00
28.57
Pushed 50 100 m
12.82
17.24
21.28
18.52
23.26
27.78
33.33
Pushed 20 - 12.66
50 m
18.52
21.74
25.64
Pushed 50 100 m
11.63
15.15
18.87
16.95
21.28
24.39
30.30
Pushed 20 - 11.63
50 m
16.95
19.61
23.26
Pushed 50 100 m
10.42
13.70
17.54
Gravel
Pushed n.e.
20 m
7.69
Clay/Chalk/Heavy Soil
Pushed n.e.
20 m
6.99
Boulder Clay
Pushed n.e.
20 m
6.33
Including excavate and load to transport (m3/hr)

Machine
Bucket ->
0.6m3
0.8m3
1.0m3
1.2m3
Sand/Soil
17.86
23.26
27.03
30.30
Gravel
16.67
23.26
27.78
31.25
Chalk/Heavy
Soil
14.71
21.74
25.00
29.41
Boulder Clay
13.70
19.61
22.22
27.03
11/3/2014
Page 43 of 100
Ground Excavation
Ground Excavation Rates (m3/hr):
Ground Type
Bucket
Bulk Works
Basements
Trenches
Small & Deep
Sand/Soil
0.3m3
8.7
8.0
7.1
8.4>
0.4m3
28.5
15.4
25.0
10.0
0.5m3
50.0
20.0
28.6
13.3
0.3m3
7.1
6.9
6.1
4.5
0.4m3
25.9
14.3
22.2
8.7
0.5m3
40.0
18.1
28.6
11.1
0.3m3
7.1
6.5
6.1
4.1
Gravel
Clay/Chalk
V.Difficult
0.4m3
25.0
13.3
22.2
8.3
0.5m3
40.0
16.7
28.6
10.5
0.3m3
6.1
5.9
5.4
4.1
0.4m3
22.2
11.8
20.0
7.7
0.5m3
28.6
11.8
20.0
6.7
Small or Deep Excavations

Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
6.7
8.4
9.9
m3/hr
3.2
4.5
5.0
m3/hr
3.3
4.1
5.2
m3/hr
3.3
4.1
5.2
m3/hr
8.2
10.0
11.7
m3/hr
7.1
8.7
10.2
m3/hr
6.5
8.3
9.4
m3/hr
6.3
7.7
9.1
m3/hr
12.2
13.3
15.4
m3/hr
10.2
11.1
12.9
m3/hr
9.7
10.5
12.1
m3/hr
6.1
6.7
7.7
m3/hr
Material Weights
Wagon sizes and tonnage capacities vary and should be taken into consideration.
Rock = 2.5 T/m3

Concrete = 2.4 T/m3
Landfill / CDG = 1.9 T/m3
Sand = 1.8 T/m3
Spoil By Barge
Removal / Transportation Of Spoil By Barge:
The size, getting material to the facility, location and movement restrictions of the barge loading facilities are critical to
production. A 2,000 m3 flat bottom barge, could easily be loaded 1.5 times per day, with a planned allowance of 2 no
movements per day for example...
1,000 m3 barge, filled in 9.5 hrs = 2 movements/day
1,500 m3 barge, filled in 6.5 hrs = 3.5 movements/day
11/3/2014
Page 44 of 100
Spoil By Conveyor
Removal / Transportation Of Spoil By Conveyor: The size and location of the conveyor are critical to production and
should be sized according to the most critical peaks in excavation.
There are the following parameters to select...
Max excavation per hour
185 m3/hr
Assume belt size
600 mm
Assume conveyor trough angle 20 degrees

From the above you read off specific parameters from the suppliers table...
Recommended belt speed
150 m/min
Angle of repose for dry sand 35 degrees

Angle of surcharge
20 degrees
You must then read off, from the manufacturers tables the conveyor capacity...
Cross-sectional area of load
0.02979 m2
At a speed of 150 m/min gives 268 m3/hr

Assume a bulking factor for excavated sane = 15%, and assume 50 minutes work per hour to allow for blockages
and maintenance etc...
268 x 85% x 50/60 = 190 so therefore capacity of conveyor = 190 m3 per hour = OK.
Hong Kong Airport Express Station conveyor was capable of 11,500 m3/week.
Ground Compaction
Compact & Consolidate
Compact & Consolidate using Vibratory Roller or compactor.
Sand 31.25 m2/hr

Soil 58.82 m2/hr
Clay 55.56 m2/hr
Hardcore 38.46 m2/hr
Ash 57.85 m2/hr
Deep Compaction
Essentially required in order to reduce expected ground settlement and to protect underground utilities / structures etc.
Deep compaction by 350 mm dia Vibroflot, 3 m centres in sand.
Working on 12 hour basis, a vibroflot will achieve an output of 3-4,000 m3/shift (5,000 m3/day has been achieved in
an extended shift).
Ground Compaction
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
330.0
380.0
465.0
m3/hr
28.5
31.2
45.2
m2/hr
Vibro-Roller, Soil
58.8
m2/hr
Vibro-Roller, Clay
55.6
m2/hr
Vibro-Roller, Hardcore
38.4
m2/hr
Vibro-Roller, Ash
57.8
m2/hr
Deep Vibroflot, 3m centres

Vibro-Roller, Sand
11/3/2014
Page 45 of 100
Hand Fill & Compact

Loose from side of excavation, including compaction (m3/hr)...
Material
Ne 100m
100-200mm
200-300mm
exc 300m
Loose Sand/Soil
0.85
1.02
1.28
1.69
Clay/Heavy Chalk 0.77
0.92
1.16
1.56
Hoging
0.81
0.97
1.20
1.61
Hardcode
0.71
0.84
1.06
1.41
Ground Monitoring
Reclamation & Filling
Spread & Leveling
Spread and Level
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
13.9
20.4
25.0
m3/hr
7.6
9.5
12.6
m3/hr
14.2
20.4
25.6
m3/hr
7.6
10.2
12.8
m3/hr
12.7
18.4
23.2
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.8m3 bucket, Clay/Chalk, pushed 50-120m to

stockpile
6.9
8.9
11.6
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.8m3 bucket, Boulder Clay, pushed 5-50m to

stockpile
11.6
16.9
21.3
m3/hr
6.3
8.2
10.4
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, Sand/Soil, pushed 5-50m to stockpile
23.8
28.5
35.7
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, Sand/Soil, pushed 50-120m to

stockpile
16.7
18.5
20.4
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, Gravel, pushed 5-50m to stockpile
25.0
32.0
37.0
m3/hr
17.2
19.3
21.2
m3/hr

stockpile
21.7
27.5
33.3
m3/hr

stockpile
15.1
16.9
18.8
m3/hr

stockpile
19.6
24.5
30.3
m3/hr

stockpile
13.7
15.9
17.5
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.6m3 bucket, 50-200m2, Sand/Soil
18.6
28.5
38.5
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.6m3 bucket, over 200m2, Sand/Soil
24.4
37.2
50.0
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.6m3 bucket, 50-200m2, Gravel
18.9
28.6
38.4
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.6m3 bucket, over 200m2, Gravel
24.2
37.2
50.0
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.6m3 bucket, 50-200m2, Hardcore
15.8
23.5
31.2
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.6m3 bucket, over 200m2, Hardcore
19.2
29.6
40.0
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.8m3 bucket, Sand/Soil, pushed 5-50m to stockpile

Crawler Shovel, 0.8m3 bucket, Sand/Soil, pushed 50-120m to
stockpile
stockpile

stockpile
11/3/2014
Page 46 of 100
Crawler Shovel, 0.6m3 bucket, 50-200m2, Boulder Clay
17.2
26.4
35.7
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 0.6m3 bucket, over 200m2, Boulder Clay
22.2
33.8
45.4
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, 50-200m2, Sand/Soil
43.5
48.0
52.6
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, over 200m2, Sand/Soil
55.5
61.1
66.7
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, 50-200m2, Gravel
43.8
48.3
52.9
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, over 200m2, Gravel
55.5
61.1
66.7
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, 50-200m2, Hardcore
37.1
40.3
43.5
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, over 200m2, Hardcore
47.6
51.6
55.6
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, 50-200m2, Boulder Clay
43.8
45.7
47.6
m3/hr
Crawler Shovel, 1.2m3 bucket, over 200m2, Boulder Clay
55.6
59.1
62.5
m3/hr
Steel Strutting
Steel Strutting...
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Horizontal heavy duty strutting
2.0
days/no
Diagonal heavy duty strutting
6.0
days/no
Trench Excavations
Trench Excavation...
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Task / Description
5.6
7.1
8.2
m3/hr
4.8
6.1
7.3
m3/hr
4.8
6.1
7.1
m3/hr
9.7
5.4
6.4
m3/hr
20.5
25.0
29.2
m3/hr
18.2
22.2
26.0
m3/hr
18.2
22.2
26.0
m3/hr
17.0
20.0
23.4
m3/hr
26.0
28.6
33.1
m3/hr
26.3
28.6
33.2
m3/hr
26.3
28.6
33.2
m3/hr
22.7
25.0
28.8
m3/hr
Excavate and Board Trench, 0.5-1.5m deep, < 2.0m wide
3.3
4.5
6.8
m2/hr
3.0
4.2
6.5
m2/hr
2.7
4.0
6.0
m2/hr
Excavate and Board Trench, 0.5-1.5m deep, > 2.0m wide
6.6
7.1
8.8
m2/hr
6.2
6.7
9.2
m2/hr
5.8
6.2
10.5
m2/hr
Ground Trench Excavation Strut Rates

Ground Trench Excavation / Strut Rates (m2/hr)
Trench width not exceeding 2.0 m wide
11/3/2014
Page 47 of 100
Trench Depth
-->
Ne1.5m
1.5-3m
3-4.5m
Single horiz
boards
Fix Strike
16.7 33.3
--
--
Double horiz
boards
Fix Strike
7.7 16.7
7.7 14.3
--
Single strut
vert boards
Fix Strike
14.3 33.3
--
--
Close
Boards,with
whaling
Fix Strike
4.5 9.1
4.2 8.3
4.0 8.0
Trench width exceeding 2.0m wide
Trench
Depth
Ne1.5m
1.5-3m
3-4.5m
Single
horiz
boards
Fix Strike
5.6 11.1
5.3 10.0
--
Double
horiz
boards
Fix Strike
7.1 14.3
7.1 14.3
--
Single strut Fix Strike

vert boards
5.9 112.5
5.6 11.1
5.3 10.0
Close
Boards,
with
whaling
7.1 14.3
6.7 1.3
6.7 12.5
Fix Strike
Traditional mass fill foundations

Includes excavation and concrete pour.
Assumes 450mm wide, average of 1.5m deep, No earthwork support, reinforcement or claymaster.
35 linear metres per day per gang.
Fencing Works
Fencing Works
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Site Hoarding, timber posts, plywood nailed to horizontal rails
1.0
1.2
m/hr
Post Erection, Timber / Metal, dig, erect, fix
3.3
4.5
no/hr
Post Erection, Concrete, dig, erect, fix
3.2
4.0
no/hr
Fence Erection, Chainlink, posts at 1.5m
4.2
m/hr
4.4
m/hr
5.5
m/hr
Fence Erection, Chestnut Pailings, posts at 1.5m
23.8
m/hr
33.3
m/hr
41.6
m/hr
Fence Erection, Barbed Wire, posts at 1.5m
71.4
m/hr
100.0
m/hr
125.0
m/hr
11/3/2014
Page 48 of 100
Gate Erection, Chainlink on frame
4.1
no/hr
Foundation Works
Elements relating to substructures / foundations...
Barrette Piles
Barrette Piles
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
0.5
1.1
1.2
4.0
40.0
50.0
55.0
Trimming top of barrette panels
2.4
days/no
Concrete Testing, Coring Test
4.0
3.5
2.0
days/no
0.7
days/no
Rule of Thumb, overall rate by Mill

Fabricate reinforcement cages
Concreting barrette panels
Concrete Testing, Sonic Logging Test
Units
hrs/no
hrs/cage
m3/hr
Bored Piling
Pre-Drilling - Site Investigation
Pre-boring will be carried out at each location to ascertain the target founding level.
Rotary rig drilling operations incorporate the use of a steel core that is used when a core sample is required.
Another type of boreing is called Wash Bore or Percussive Bore which simply means that a bore is flushed out
and is used when no soil sample is required. Typical rates are...
Type of Strata
Plant Used
Rate (m/hr)
Top soft deposits of site fill Percussive / Rotary
10.00
Grade V/IV rock deposits
3.15
Wash Boring
Triple Tube Sampling 0.75

Grade III/II rock deposits
Rotary
0.50
Triple Tube Sampling 0.50
With a standard rig, working a 12 hour shift, a typical output rate of 66 hrs/hole/rig is possible.
As-Built Information. On Central Reclamation, Contract UA11/91, borehole drilling completed with the following
results...
1.
2.
3.
4.
Average depth of 61.15 m, total depth of 428 m

Average rock socket depth of 4.65 m
The durations ranged from 4 to 8 days
Average of 5.85 days, total duration of 41 days.
The Target Founding level

This is defined as the required socket into the bedrock, which is defined as moderately decomposed rock grade III
or better with a core recovery greater than 85% (allowable bearing capacity of 5 mPa). The continuity of the
founding rock is demonstrated by continuing the pre-bored hole a maximum of 5 metres or 3 times the pile
diameter, whichever is the greater.
The cores are logged, stored and photographed and submitted together with proposed founding levels for approval.
Setting Out
Before starting excavation at the pile position the following steps are taken:
11/3/2014
Page 49 of 100
Survey and record the existing ground level at the pile position
Setout the pile location from the reference points and in order to monitor the position of the steel casing, control
pins are usually established at two orthogonal positions, offset from the centre of the pile.
Pile Tolerances
In the case of out of position casings, adjustment can be made to keep the vertical alignment and plan position
within the limits of no more than 75 mm off-centre on plan position and not deviating by more than 1:75 from the
vertical axis.
Pile Excavation / Casings
The shaft of the pile is excavated within a temporary steel casing with an outside diameter of say approximately
200 - 300 mm greater than the pile diameter. The casing is used mainly in areas of unstable ground and are driven
using hydraulic casing oscillator attached to a crawler crane or a casing vibrator.
Shaft excavation is carried out using a single or double hammer grab supported by crawler crane. The steel casing
toe is kept in front of the excavation level until it is 0.5 metres above the pile cut-of level. The pile shaft is often
flooded with bentonite or water and excavation proceeds to the top of the CDG.
Excavation then proceeds by reverse circulation drilling (RCD) using large diameter drilling heads with special rock
cutters and flushing by air lift. Bentonite or water levels are always maintained above the ground water level to
ensure stability of the shaft.
Calculation Of Bored Pile Construction / Excavation Time
Piling times can be reduced by the use of service cranes for reinforcement and concreting activities.
An additional extended shift would often be required for certain piles, as would RCD down-time.
Forecast construction times can be derived by using output rates (hours per item)...
Operation
Element
Details
Hours
Add or Remove
Reverse Circluation Drill Plant (RCD)
incl drill bit
2 hrs
Add or Remove
RCD drill bit
(incl assembly of drill string) 5 hrs
RCD bell-out bit
(incl drill string & stabilisers) 5 hrs
Installation
Cleaning Time
Concreting
Airlift tremmie tube
5 hrs
Reinforcement cages
(time for joining each cage) 2 hrs
Initial airlift cleaning
(after finishing excavation)
8 hrs
Final airlift cleaning
(after fixing steel cage)
2 hrs
Incl extract casing
( < 70 m deep)
12 hrs
( > 70 and < 95 m deep)
14 hrs
( > 95 and < 135 m deep)
48 hrs
Curing Time
Only required prior to removal of telescopic casings
72 hrs
Cycle Time
Move piling setup to next location
2 hrs
11/3/2014
Page 50 of 100
Shaft Excavation Strata
Plant Used
Rate (m/hr)
General Fill (upper ground levels)
Grab
3.50 m/hr
Sand, Minor Rubble
Grab
2.10 m/hr
Marine / Alluvium Deposits
Grab
2.50 m/hr
CDG < 150
RCD/Grab
1.50 m/hr
CDG > 150 < 200
RCD
1.00 m/hr
CDG > 200, Compacted Gravel
RCD
0.50 m/hr
CDT
RCD / Grab
0.50 m/hr
Corestones
RCD / Chisel
0.50 m/hr
Rock Socket - Grade IV/V
RCD
0.25 m/hr
Rock Socket - Grade II/III
RCD
0.125 m/hr
Rock Socket - (Tendering Rate)
RCD
0.10 m/hr
Forecast excavation or cycle times can then be derived by analysing ground conditions. Site investigation will
provide the depths / types of strata which can then be matched to production output rates (see above).
Note - A piles diameter has negligible effect on production time and as such is ignored.
Example - For a pile founding on rock at 60 m deep...
(a) Calculate Allowance For Plant Time / Other Elements (hrs)....
Element
Hours
Set up RCD
5.0
Excavate Time
See Below
Remove RCD (including drill bit, string and stabilisers) 5.0
Setup / Remove Airlift Tremmie Tube
5.0
Initial Post-Excavation Airlifting
5.0
Place reinforcement (5 No cages @ 12m = 5 x 2 hrs)
10.0
11/3/2014
Page 51 of 100
Setup / Remove Airlift Tremmie Tube
5.0
Final Post-Reinforcement Airlifting
2.0
Concrete and remove casing
12.0
Move to next location
2.0
Calculate Total Construction / Plant Time
52.0 hrs
(b) Calculate Allowance For Excavation Time (hrs)...
Depth of Strata (m) Type of Rock
Production Rate (m/hr) Plant Used Time (Hrs)
0 - 20
Sand/minor rubble
2.00
Grab
10.0
20 - 35
CDG less than 150
1.50
RCD/Grab
10.0
35 - 47
CDG more than 150
1.00
RCD
12.0
47 - 57
CDG > 200/corestones
0.50
RCD
20.0
57 - 60
Rock socket
0.20
RCD
15.0
(c) Calculate Total Pile Excavation Time = 67.0 hrs

(d) Overall Pile Time
Construction / Plant Time (b above) 52.0 hrs
Excavation Time
(d above) 67.0 hrs
OVERALL CYCLE TIME (b + d) 119 hrs
(With 12 hr shifts)
(b + d)
9.9 days
Bored Pile Construction As-Builts

General Rule of Thumb Pile Times (days)...
Depth (m) => <20 <40 <70 <90 <135
Days Per Pile 4.0* 8.0 10.0 25.0 45.0
11/3/2014
Page 52 of 100
Note - due to the required plant assembly and operation times, 4 days is the minimum possible pile construction time for
any situation.
Methods For Overcoming Obstructions
If the obstruction is shallow (ie 0 to 2.5 m below ground level) a backhoe-breaker will be used to form a suitable
hole.
Where the obstructions are located at greater depths an oversized temporary casing is driven by the oscillator to
the top of the obstruction.
If the obstruction is above water level a hand operated air hammer is used, a typical rate of = 0.8 m/hr
If below water level a down the hole hammer or heavy chisel supported by crawler crane will be used, a typical rate
of = 0.5 m/hr
If a concrete plug is required to provide a well formed shaft wall when an obstruction or excessive overbreak or
fault is encountered...
Element
Hours
Remove RCD
5 hrs
Install Tremie Concrete Tube 5 hrs

Place Concrete Plug
2 hrs
Cure Concrete
36 hrs
Replace RCD and drill string 5 hrs

TOTAL TIME LOSS
53 hrs (2.2 days or 4.4 shifts)
Cleaning of Pile Base

The hole of the pile shaft is cleaned using an airlift until the water becomes clean or negligible particles in
suspension is discharged.
Reinforcement Cages
Cages are constructed in suitable sections, usually in the order of 12 m long, complete with sonic tubes and coring
tubes.
Fabrication, 12 m long cage with 6 no fixers...
Fabricate 1 cage
2.5 hrs
Total cages required
5 no
Overall Fabrication Time 12.5 hours

Steel Stanchion Fabrication and Installation
Stanchions are usually fabricated off-site and delivered in sections. Prior to installation the sections are welded
together to form the complete stanchion. Stanchion sizes are usually in the region of 525 mm x 525 mm.
With an average length of say 28 m, the welding time would be around 5 days and are tested by an ultrasonic weld
test and an MPI test.
After the installation of the reinforcing cage in to the shaft the stanchion will be lifted until it hangs vertical. It is then
lowered into the excavation and clamped into position.
Concreting
Pile concreting is carried out under water by "tremie" techniques maintaining the water or bentonite head inside the
casing at or above existing ground water level. The tremie tube (250mm) is withdrawn as concreting proceeds
ensuring a minimum concrete head of 2 metres above the top of the tremie tube.
Sequence Of Piling
The sequence of construction of piles is chosen in such a manner that no damage can be caused to nearby piles
still under construction or recently concreted (i.e. less than 3 days).
On a 12 metre grid, a normal layout would mean say having two non-worked on piles between each open
excavation in the longitudinal direction (ie a 36 metre spacing) thus allowing room for the crane etc and a lesser
spacing of every other pile being worked on (ie a 24 metre spacing).
Pile Testing
The workability of concrete is tested on site by measuring the slump and temperature of concreting at the time of
discharge into the pile shaft. Laboratory tests are carried out in order to check the strength of the placed concrete.
A number of test cubes are made and tested at 7 and 28 days.
11/3/2014
Page 53 of 100
Coring Test - Certain piles selected by the Engineer will be cored their full depth. The depth of cores into the base
material (rock) will usually be at least 600 mm. Cores are placed in correct order and relative position in core boxes
which clearly mark the depths of cores. The cores are usually photographed and submitted to the Engineer. The
testing of the coring will provide additional information about the quality of the concrete as well as the condition of
the interface between concrete and rock.
Sonic Logging Test - In order to test the quality of the concrete as well as the integrity of the pile in its overall
length and pile toe condition sonic core testing is used. Sonic tubes are installed with the reinforcement cage in
order to allow the lowering of the signal transmitter and signal receiver probe down the bottom of the pile. These
tubes are sealed at the bottom.
Vibration Tests - This test determines the pile length and shape and the overall pile concrete quality. This is a
specialist test.
Contigous Piling
Principles of Construction Often known as "Colcrete" piling, which is a type of trade name. Usually replaced by
diaphragm walling methods.
Essentially typical bored piles, or down-the-hold bored piles, are constructed with a spacing such that each pile is
virtually touching the next. These are constructed on a hit-and-miss basis.
After a suitable length of these piles are in place (often 9 piles or so) a smaller drilling rig follows on behind placing the
"colcrete" piles. A small diameter shaft, often 100 mm or so, is drilled on the external face of the pile wall close to the
interection between the two main piles. This excavated pile is fitted with a grout tube and backfilled with gravel. The pile
is then grouted and forms a seal between the adjacent piles. This type of pile wall can be constructed with either a
standard reinforcement cage or a "H" pile.
Info below achieved on project in Bermonsey, London - Sept 2010
1 rig, 600dia contig piles, 12-15m deep, 12No per day (average), 15No per day (max)
Rule of thumb based on Hit 1, Miss 3 = 8.5l/m day per rig.
Labour: 1 Rig driver, 1 banksman, 1 conc pump operative, 3 x steel fixers, 1 x 360 driver
Plant: 1x rig, 1x mini 360 exc, 1x 6m3 mixer, 1x pump, Deliveries: 4 - 5No 6m3 wagons per rig per day (av 2m3 per pile)
Mobilisation: 1 day (Allow for 2 days)
Next trade - Excavate and blind around piles (for ring beam) - start 7 elasped days after last piles in the run are complete
(4 working and 7 elasped days after piling start based on Hit 1 miss 3 method and 12No/d). 34 linear metres released for
Groundworker to start.
All piles 600mm in dia. No smaller piles or grout tubes used as described in the post by technical development. The face
of the basement wall will be faced with a single skin of blockwork at a later date (non critical).
Method: Hit 1, Miss 3
Diaphragm Walling
Driven Piles
West Piling (P.C. Shells), Rate of 100 m/day
Balken Piling (Solid P.C. Pile), Rate of 120 - 135 m/day
H-Piling, Rate of 200 - 500 m/day
Ground Anchors
Multiple Bell Ground Anchors
Multiple Bell Ground Anchors Often used in London Clay.
Uncased, 10 m long 2.0 no/day
Top Cased type, 15 m long 1.0 no/day
Anchor Stressing 2.0 no/day
11/3/2014
Page 54 of 100
Removable Ground Anchors

Removable Ground Anchors Recent innovation of "removable" ground anchor system. Steel cables are doubles up and
threaded over a roller at the anchor end. Once de-stressed, they can be pulled out. 1 rig can achieve...
Drill 30 m shaft 7.0 hrs

Install strands/setup anchor 6.0 hrs
Grout in strands 2.0 hrs
Stressing can be done 4 - 7 days after grouting.
Usually at 3 m horizontal centres and can only be worked on with 5 - 6 m spacings. So a hit and miss method must be
adopted, giving a significant programme constraint.
Grouting Operations
Grouting
Vertical Grout Curtain
Application of grout curtain. A typical rate of 6.20 hrs/m run.
Hand Dug Caissons

Principles Of Construction
This type of "pile wall" is typical employed in areas where headroom or proximity to buildings restricts the use of large
diameter bored pile drilling rigs, or where the wall is to be located very close to an existing structure.
These are very time consuming and in allot of areas no-longer allowed as an acceptable safe construction method.
Stringent air monitoring and safety isses are adhered to during the construction of the caisson. An electric chain block
and hoist structure is maintained at the pile head for access and egress of both materials and operatives.
Site Investigation / Advanced works
Advanced grouting is often carried out around the group of caissons in order to reduce water inflow into the caisson area
and provide adequate safety factor against base heave failer. Grouting of the area will also restrict ground settlement
due to changes in the water table during caisson construction.
A 75 mm diameter grout hole is drilled to 2 m belowthe specified toe of the caisson. On completion of drilling, a 40 mm
inside diameter PVC, Tube-a-Manchette (T-A-M) grout tube will be installed to the bottom of the grout hole.
The tube is usually perforated at 300 mm intervals with each perforation being covered by a tightly fitting rubber sleeve to
act as one way valves. The grout hole is often backfilled with gravel and then pumped with grout to the specified
pressures etc.. After each stage of grouting the T-A-M will be flushed with water to allow future grouting as necessary.
The slightly conical excavation core is carried out by hand and a formwork erected and concrete placed in the void
between the excavation and the internal formwork. Excavation down to the next level then begins.
Excavation Of Caissons
All excavation is carried out with air tools and shovels etc. Material is loaded into a 0.2 m3 drum skip. Hand excavation
to a depth not exceeding 1 metre.
Fix a suitably braced 3 segmented tapered shutter, fix reinformcement and pour concrete to fill all voids between the
external face of the lining and the earth face. This operation is undertaken continously until the founding level is
reached.
Steel Reinforcement
Reinformcement is placed either in prefabricated cages or directly erected in side the bores, depending on headroom
and caisson access conditions.
In some instances a steel "H" beam is installed in place of a reinforcement cage.
Concreting
Concrete is cast in place in one continuous operation using the tremmie pipe method, up to cutt-off level. The concrete
is generally not vibrated.
11/3/2014
Page 55 of 100
As-Built Examples
Perimeter wall caissons, 800 mm diameter, excavated to a depth of 26 metres (HK Central Subway).
Excavation Time 18 - 24 days
Excavation to Concreteing Time 26 - 35 days
Difficult ground of sea wall or ground obstructions can easily increase theoverall construction time to 50 or 150
days.
Mini Piling
Mini Pile Construction
Small diameter piles quickly driven into position, with suitable concrete pile cap.
Diameter Depth Hrs per pile m/hr depth
235 mm
35 m
40 hrs/no
0.87 m/hr
Secant Piling
Principles Of Construction
Often known as "Benoto" piling, which is a type of trade name. Usually replaced by diaphragm walling methods.
Essentially typical bored piles, or down-the hold type bored piles, are constructed with a spacing slightly smaller
than the chosen diameter of the piles. Once a suitable length of piling has been completed, the "holes" are filled
with a similar bored pile which intersects and "bites" into the two previously constructed piles.
Usuall these piles are strengthened with a steel "H" pile, rather than the typical reinforcement cages used in
standard bored piling.
As-Built Examples
Large diameter circular secant pile cofferdam.
Structure consisting of 1,200 mm diameter secant piles to a depth of 20 which then stepped into 900 mm
contiguous piles for a further 20 m depth. Each pile was probed to 10 m depth in advance. A total of 255 number
piles were constructed.
The "cofferdam" had a 1.4 m deep concrete base slab with a concrete lining to the walls.
An intermediate concrete roof slab was placed to form an underground box structure.
Overall construction time 12 weeks (Heathrow Express).
Sheet Piling & Strutting

Secant Piling
Secant Piling...
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
12.0
Construct 30m dia cofferdam, 255 piles/concrete base
Units
wks
Sheet Piling
Sheet Piling On reclamation, sand fill, sheet piling by crane and drop hammer, vibro hammer or diesel hammer.
A rate of 20 - 25 No/day to 20 to 35 m deep.
1 no = 0.4 m wide on plan and 6 m long.
Therefore 8 - 10 m/day per rig is achievable.
On more difficult areas, such as through existing ground or a sea wall for example.
A rate of 10 - 12 No/day to 20 m deep.
Therefore 4 - 6 m/day per rig is achievable.
For more shallow sheet pile walls
11/3/2014
Page 56 of 100
Driven by - Pilemaster 60.0 m/day

Driven by - Automatic Drop Hammer 32.0 m/day
Steel for piles is usually readily available and a two week lead in is often all that is required.
Sheet Piling
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Vibro/Drop Hammer, 10m deep Sand
55.0
60.0
m/day
Vibro/Drop Hammer, 35m deep Sand
3.5
32.0
10.5
m/day
Strutting
Strutting
To install simple horizontal heavy duty strutting, a typical rate of 2 days per strut/gang is reasonable.
To install diagonal slab/roof cross-brace strutting, a typical rate of 6 days per strut/gang is reasonable.
To remove these struts, allow a rate of 3.5 days per strut.
Slabs - Plain Slab Soffits

Slabs - Plain Slab Soffits
Hight of
Slab Soffit
-->
0 - 3.5 m
3.5 - 5.0 m
Plan Area
Fix
Strike
Fix
Strike
ne 5.0 m2
1.92
3.03
1.61
2.13
5.0 - 7.5 m2 2.22
3.13
1.85
2.56
7.5 - 10.0
m2
2.44
3.57
2.04
3.03
10.0 - 15.0
m2
2.63
4.00
2.17
3.45
15.0 - 20.0
m2
2.78
4.35
2.33
3.57
20.0 - 30.0
m2
2.94
4.76
2.50
4.00
30.0 - 40.0
m2
3.13
5.00
2.63
4.17
exc 40.0 m2 3.23
5.26
2.70
4.55
Slurry & Soil Mix Walls

Slurry Mix Wall
Slurry mix wall (for noise restrictions/obstructions) grab excavation to full depth, fill with cement or bentonite mix, drop
and hold sheet piles in place.
Excavation 1 panel (4.5 m long on plan) with grab and crane.
11/3/2014
Page 57 of 100
Excavate 1 panel in 2 days + 1 day bentonite and sheet pile, giving a rate of 1 - 1.5 m/day.
Therefore, once started 2 - 2.25 m/day is expected.
Slurry Mix Walls
Task / Description
Crane grab, cement/bentonite and sheet piles
Slow
Ave
Fast
1.8
2.5
3.4
Slow
Ave
Fast
3.8
4.5
6.4
Units
m/day
Soil Mix Walls

Soil Mix Walls...
Task / Description
Three Auger Drill, cement and cure
Units
m/day
Underpinning
Concrete Pinning - During underpinning operations a cycle of every 4th or 5th pin being constructed concurrently is
adopted.
Rate of 1.2 m/day, i.e. 1 number support pin per day
Underpinning...
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Concrete Pinning, 4th or 5th pin cycles
1.2
2.2
m/day
Brickwork Pinning, 1.0 brick thick
0.4
0.7
m2/hr
0.1
0.3
m2/hr
0.2
m2/hr
Wedge and Pin Method, 102mm wall
0.8
m/hr
0.7
m/hr
0.5
m/hr
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
5.9
6.2
6.8
m/hr
Granolithic Flooring
Typically carried out with a gang of 2 layers and a single labourer.
Typical rate of 3.15 m2/hr
Mosaic Tiles
Standard tiles of 0.045 x 0.045 m.
A typical rate of 1.55 m2/hr
Partitioning
Partitioning
Task / Description
Timber Studding
11/3/2014
Page 58 of 100
Metalwork System (MF) Studding
1.6
2.0
2.5
m2/hr
Tape, Joint Sand and Top Coat Plasterboard
1.1
1.5
2.1
m2/hr
Skimming to Plasterboards
5.5
6.1
6.7
m2/hr
3.2
3.6
m2/hr
100mm Pine Paneling, excluding studding time
0.8
1.1
1.4
m2/hr
Quality Hardwood Paneling, excluding studding time
0.3
0.5
0.6
m2/hr
17.8
20.2
m2/hr
Fix Timber Studding and Paramount Partitions
2.6
3.0
3.4
m2/hr
Fix Timber Studding and Demountable Partitions
0.8
1.1
1.6
m2/hr
Fix Timber Studding and Hills Duraboard Partitions
3.0
3.5
3.9
m2/hr
Fix Timber Studding and Gyproc Laminated Partitions
2.2
2.6
2.9
m2/hr
Stud Partitions, Butt Jointed, nailed
5.9
7.3
9.1
m/hr
Stud Partitions, Butt Jointed, screwed
3.5
4.6
5.8
m/hr
Stud Partitions, T&G Jointed, nailed
2.9
3.6
4.8
m/hr
Stud Partitions, T&G Jointed, screwed
2.1
2.8
3.7
m/hr
Stud Partitions, Fix Sole Plates
11.1
m/hr
Stud Partitions, Fix Noggins
16.6
m/hr
Stud Partitions, Drill 25-40mm Holes
28.5
no/hr
Fix Toilet Partition System, Separation panels
0.8
hrs/no
Fix Toilet Partition System, Wall Front Panels
0.7
hrs/no
Fix Toilet Partition System, Separation Front Panels
0.6
hrs/no
Fix Toilet Partition System, End Front Panels
0.6
hrs/no
Fix Toilet Partition System, Hang Door to Panel
0.4
hrs/no
Fix Toilet Partition System, Hand Door plugged to wall
0.6
hrs/no
Fix Toilet Partition System, Fix Head Rails
0.1
hrs/no
5mm Hardboard Paneling, excluding studding time
Fix 50mm Rocksil Insulation to cavities
Preparation Works
Construction Design
Site Clearance
Site Clearance
Initial Works
Clearing Site of Bushes, shrubs, roots 25.00 m2/hr
Lifting turf to be sorted and stacked
2.95 m2/hr
Cutting Down Trees & Roots

Small Trees / Shrubs
14 hrs/each
600 mm - 900 mm Girth
18 hrs/each
900 mm - 1,200 mm Girth 22 hrs/each

1,200 - 1,500 mm Girth
26 hrs/each
Cutting Down Hedges & Roots

Hawthorn - 1.0 m high 0.9 m/hr
- 1.5 m high 0.8 m/hr
11/3/2014
Page 59 of 100
- 2.0 m high 0.6 m/hr

Site Clearance
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Shrubs and Bushes, dig up and removal
25.0
38.0
m2/hr
Turf, lifting and removal
2.9
m2/hr
Trees, small sizes and shrubs
14.0
m2/hr
Trees and Shrubs, 500mm - 900mm girth
18.0
hrs/no
22.0
hrs/no
26.0
hrs/no
Hedges and Roots, 0.5-1.0m high
0.9
m/hr
0.8
m/hr
0.6
m/hr
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Pre Drilling, Rercussive or Rotary, soft deposits
8.0
10.0
14.0
m/hr
Pre Drilling, Wash Boring, grade V/IV rock
2.5
3.2
3.9
m/hr
Pre Drilling, Triple Tube Sampling, grade V/IV rock
0.4
0.8
0.9
m/hr
Pre Drilling, Rotary, grade III/II rock
0.2
0.5
0.7
m/hr
Pre Drilling, Triple Tube Sampling, grade III/II rock
0.1
0.4
0.7
m/hr
Site Investigation
Site Investigation...
Task / Description
Instrumentation
A typical rate of 3 days per instrument can be used to calculate detailed ground monitoring scenarios.
Roofs & Waterproofing

Flat & Layered Roofs
Asphalt Roofs
Asphalt Roofs
Usually carried out with a 2 man gang with an additional 1 or 2 labourers. A typical composite rate of 45 m2/day
Felt Roofs
Built-Up Felt Roofs
Usually carried out with a minimum of a 1 man gang with a labourer.
Large Roof Areas = 52 m2/day
Smaller or Complicated Areas = 35 m2/day
Flat and Layered Roofs

Flat and Layered Roofs roofing kensington [1]
11/3/2014
Page 60 of 100
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Asphalt Roof in layers
45.0
m2/day
Asbestos Sheets in layers
39.0
m2/day
Felt Roofs, large areas
52.0
m2/day
Felt Roofs, small or complicated
35.0
m2/day
Felt Roofs, Gravel roof chippings
1.4
Tons/day
Metal Roof Decking

Aluminium Roofing
Aluminium Roofing Metal roof works are usually carried out with 2 men gangs of skilled labour. The rates do not include
for the timber backing structures etc.
Flat Roof Aluminium Work = 2.8 m2/day
Sloping Roof Aluminium Work = 1.9 m2/day
Copper Roofing
Metal roof works are usually carried out with 2 men gangs of skilled labour. The rates do not include for the timber
backing structures etc.
Copper Roofing
Flat Roof Copper Work = 3.0 m2/day
Sloping Roof Copper Work = 2.7 m2/day
Lead Roofing
Metal roof works are usually carried out with 2 men gangs of skilled labour.
The rates do not include for the timber backing structures etc.
Lead Roofing Flat Roof Lead Work = 2.5 m2/day
Sloping Roof Lead Work = 2.1 m2/day
Metal Decking
Metal Decking Systems
Smaller or Complicated Areas = 28 m2/day
Metal Decking
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Metal Decking, large areas
70.0
m2/day
Metal Decking, small or complicated
28.0
m2/day
Titanium Sheeted Roofs
9.5
m2/day
Copper Roofs, flat work
3.0
m2/day
Copper Roofs, sloping work
2.7
m2/day
Zinc Roofs, flat work
2.4
m2/day
Units
11/3/2014
Page 61 of 100
Zinc Roofs, sloping work
2.1
m2/day
Aluminium Roofs, flat work
2.8
m2/day
Aluminium Roofs, sloping work
1.9
m2/day
Lead Roofs, flat work
2.5
m2/day
Lead Roofs, sloping work
2.1
m2/day
Lead Roofs, dormer cheeks
1.3
m2/day
Lead Roofs, flat gutters
88.0
m/day
Lead Roofs, flat copings
76.0
m/day
Lead Roofs, stepped gutters
3.5
m/day
Lead Roofs, shaped copings
3.3
m/day
Lead Roofs, cover step flashings
3.2
m/day
Lead Roofs, rooflight flashings
0.8
no/day
Lead Roofs, domed roof coverings
0.7
m2/day
Metal Features
Metal Roof Features
Composite rates have been calculated to provide an approximation of the time elements for these ancillary parts to metal
roofs.
Dormer Cheeks
1.36 m2/day
Flat Gutter & Coping Flashings negligible time
Step Gutter & Shaped Copings 3.50 m/day
Cover Step Flashings
3.20 m/day
Roof Light Flashing
0.80 no/day
Dome Structures
0.75 m2/day
Titanium Roofing
Titanium Roofing System
Titanium roof on multiple sub-layers.
Typical composite rate of 9.5 m2/day.
Installation
Typical timing and sequence of works. This is for an order of 5,000 m2 (HK Station Upper & Lower Roofs)...
Element
Week Manpower
Temporary Works
0-2
11/3/2014
Page 62 of 100
Metal Decking
2- 3
12
Gutter Subframe
3- 6
Vapour Barrier
4 - 13 4
Rockwool
4 13 44
Cement Board
4 13 6
Ice / Water Shield
4 13 4
Gutter Lining
6- 9
Aluminium Cladding / Subframe 6 11 6
Titanium Cladding
8 17 17
Aluminium Pannelling
9 - 14 6
Zinc Roofing
Zinc Roofing
Flat Roof Zinc Work = 2.3 m2/day
Sloping Roof Zinc Work = 1.9 m2/day
Rainwater Works
Rainwater Works
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
UPVC Downpipes, 75mm
3.3
m/hr
UPVC Guttering, 75mm
3.1
m/hr
UPVC RWP Fittings, 75mm
3.1
no/hr
Cast Iron Downpipes, 75mm
2.1
m/hr
Cast Iron Guttering, 75mm
2.5
m/hr
Cast Iron RWP Fittings, 75mm
2.2
no/hr
Aluminium Downpipes, 72mm
2.5
m/hr
Aluminium Guttering, 72mm
2.9
m/hr
Aluminium RWP Fittings, 72mm
1.9
no/hr
Guttering & Pipes
11/3/2014
Page 63 of 100
DownPipes
75 mm UPVC Pipes
3.3 m/hr
75 mm Cast Iron Pipes
2.1 m/hr
72 mm Aluminium Pipe System 2.5 m/hr
Guttering
75 mm UPVC Gutter
3.1 m/hr
75 mm Cast Iron Gutter
2.5 m/hr
72 mm Aluminium Gutter System 2.9 m/hr
Fittings
A composite rate has been calculated to be used as an extra-over basis for all pipe fittings etc.
75 mm UPVC Fittings
3.1 no/hr
75 mm Cast Iron Fittings
2.2 no/hr
72 mm Aluminium Fittings 1.9 no/hr
Roof Insulation
Polystyrene Boarding
Expanded Polystyrene Boards
8.55 m2/hr
Glass Fibre Wool

Fix 50 mm Rocksil between joists
Low Pitch Roof
12.00 m2/hr
Normal Pitch Roof
19.00 m2/hr
Roof Lights
Sheeted Roofs
Asbestos Roofs
Asbestos Type Roofs
A typical rate of 39 m2/day
11/3/2014
Page 64 of 100
Profiled Sheeting
Profiled Sheeting Systems
Usually carried out with a minimum of a 2 man gang. Large Roof Areas = 54 m2/day
Sheeted Roofs
Sheeted Roofs
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
PVC Sheeted Roofs, large areas
50.0
m2/day
PVC Sheeted Roofs, small areas
40.0
m2/day
Plastic Profiled Sheet Systems
54.0
m2/day
Thermal & Moisture Protection

Gravel Chippings
Roof Protections
Gravel & Chippings - Allow a rate of 1.4 tonnes/day for transporting and laying out solar reflective chippings.
P.V.C. Sheeting
P.V.C. Sheeting
Smaller Areas = 40 m2/day
Polythene Waterproofing
Polythene Sheeting Sheet materials (DPC/DPM's etc) fixed to prepared concrete surfaces.
Horizontal Surfaces = 20.0 m2/hr
Tiled Roofs
Slates and Tiling
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Slate Roofs, Welsh Slate 3-5mm
18.0
m2/day
Slate Roofs, Cumbrian Slate 8-11mm
8.5
m2/day
Slate Roofs, Asbestos Slates
36.0
m2/day
Tiled Roofs, Concrete Tiles
52.0
m2/day
Tiled Roofs, Clay Pan Tiles
26.0
m2/day
Slate Roofs
Slate Roofs
Usually carried out with a 2 man gang, sometimes with an additional labourer.
11/3/2014
Page 65 of 100
Natural Welsh Slate 3.5-5 mm thick 18.0 m2/day
Natural Cumbrian
8-11 mm thick 8.5 m2/day
Asbestos Slates
36.0 m2/day
Tiled Roofs
Usually carried out with a 2 man gang with 1 labourer. The rates include for felting, battening and fixing of tiles etc.
Concrete Interlocking Tiles 52 m2/day
Clay Pan Tiles
26 m2/day
Waterproofing
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Asphalt coatings, horizontal surfaces
3.5
4.2
5.8
m2/hr
Asphalt coatings, vertical surfaces
1.2
1.7
2.2
m2/hr
Bituminous Brushed application, 2 coats
4.8
5.0
6.3
m2/hr
Bituminous Brushed application, 3 coats
3.3
3.5
4.4
m2/hr
Bituminous Sheets, horizontal surfaces
3.8
4.0
4.8
m2/hr
Bituminous Sheets, vertical surfaces
3.3
3.5
4.2
m2/hr
Polythene Sheets, horizontal surfaces
20.0
m2/hr
Bentonite Sheets, horizontal surfaces
18.7
25.0
31.3
m2/hr
Bentonite Sheets, vertical surfaces
11.2
15.0
17.3
m2/hr
Epoxy Based application, 1 coat
75.0
m2/hr
Epoxy Based application, 2 coat
38.0
m2/hr
Sand / Cement Floor Screeding
Lay sand and cement floor screeds to accurate levels and finish with steel/wood
float. Rate apply to a gang or 2 labourers and 1 screeder with materials being delivered
by hoist and barrow.
Screeding Rates (m2/hr)
Thickness ->
15 to 20mm 4.85
20 to 30mm 4.63
30 to 40mm 4.17
40 to 50mm 3.79
(Ave4.50,BestRate 5.26)
50 to 65mm 3.29
11/3/2014
Page 66 of 100
65 to 100mm 3.00
Underground rooms with poor lighting and ventilation, a typical rate of 1.63 m2/hr.
This rate achieved by labour only subcontractors and hence is very slow.
Typical rates for fixing of the floor screed battens, for tamping of screeds etc.
Fix
10.0 m/hr
Strike
20.0 m/hr
Sand / cement 75mm thick

3 man gang - with pump - 120m2 day - when undertaken indoors - not neccessarily watertight though - say to a
traditional masonry build with PCC floor planks above.
3 man gang - with pump - 60m2 day - when undertaken outdoors - to a slab prior to Timber frame or to a roof slab
3 man gang - with pump - 30m2 day - when undertaken outdoors - as above but between October and March allowing
float for non productive days (low temps or rainfall).
All of the above do not include time for DPM, insulation or underfloor heating. This needs to be calculated seperately.
Steel Related Works

Steel Related Works
Fixing Steel Above Ground Level - Hoisted By Hand

Rate includes for sorting, transporting, markup, assemble, tie in and block out. Rates in hrs/Tonne (1,000 kg).
Dia Of Slabs/Fnds Walls

Steel
Stairs
Beams/Cols
6 mm
40.2
42.5
49.7
54.5
8 mm
28.7
30.5
35.3
38.6
10
mm
22.4
23.9
27.5
30.0
12
mm
18.1
19.1
22.1
24.1
16
mm
13.3
14.0
16.1
17.5
20
mm
10.4
11.0
12.5
13.5
25
mm
8.5
8.9
10.1
10.9
32
mm
6.6
6.8
7.7
8.2
40
mm
50
mm
11/3/2014
Page 67 of 100
Fixing Steel Above Ground Level - Hoisted By Hand


Steel
Stairs
Beams/Cols
6 mm
40.2
42.5
49.7
54.5
8 mm
28.7
30.5
35.3
38.6
10
mm
22.4
23.9
27.5
30.0
12
mm
18.1
19.1
22.1
24.1
16
mm
13.3
14.0
16.1
17.5
20
mm
10.4
11.0
12.5
13.5
25
mm
8.5
8.9
10.1
10.9
32
mm
6.6
6.8
7.7
8.2
40
mm
50
mm
Fixing Steel Above Ground Level - Hoisted By

Mechanical Means
Rate includes for sorting, transporting, markup, assemble, tie in and block out. Rates in hrs/Tonne (1,000
kg).

Steel
Stairs
Beams/Cols
6 mm
38.4
40.8
48.0
52.8
8 mm
26.9
28.6
33.6
37.0
10
mm
20.6
22.0
25.8
28.4
12
mm
16.3
17.3
20.4
22.4
16
mm
11.5
12.2
14.4
15.8
20
mm
8.6
9.2
10.8
11.9
25
mm
6.7
7.2
8.4
9.2
32
mm
5.5
6.8
7.9
6.6
40
mm
5.1
5.9
5.9
50
mm
11/3/2014
Page 68 of 100
Fixing Steel At Ground Level

Steel
Stairs
Beams/Cols
6 mm
37.9
40.2
47.4
52.2
8 mm
26.4
28.2
33.0
36.3
10
mm
20.2
21.6
25.2
27.7
12
mm
15.8
16.8
19.8
21.8
16
mm
11.0
11.7
13.8
15.2
20
mm
8.2
8.7
10.2
11.2
25
mm
6.2
6.7
7.8
8.6
32
mm
5.3
5.6
6.9
7.2
40
mm
4.4
5.6
4.2
4.6
50
mm
4.1
4.5
Fixing Steel Below Ground Level

Fixing Steel Below Ground Level
Dia
Of
Steel
Slabs/Fnds Walls
Stairs
Beams/Cols
6 mm 38.4
40.8
48.0
52.8
8 mm 26.9
28.6
33.6
37.0
10
mm
20.6
22.0
25.8
28.4
12
mm
16.3
17.3
20.4
22.4
16
mm
11.5
12.2
14.4
15.8
20
mm
8.6
9.2
10.8
11.9
25
mm
6.7
7.2
8.4
9.2
32
mm
5.5
6.8
6.6
40
mm
5.1
6.1
5.9
50
mm
4.9
5.1
5.9
Fixing Steel To Trough Waffle Floor

11/3/2014
Page 69 of 100

Steel
Stairs
6 mm
41.8
44.0
42.2
8 mm
29.0
31.3
29.5
10
mm
22.2
24.5
22.7
12
mm
17.4
19.7
18.0
16
mm
12.1
14.4
12.7
20
mm
9.0
11.3
9.5
25
mm
6.8
9.1
7.4
32
mm
4.7
7.0
5.3
40
mm
3.7
6.0
4.2
Beams/Cols
Steel Related Works

Steel Related Works
Stonework Floors
Sequence of operations...
Expose base slab aggregate, clean, wet slab, apply bonding agent, lay screed
topping (50 mm) compact and cure screed. Once cured, setout lines and levels and
lay and tamp stones onto setting bed. Protect area until cured and maintain
protection to prevent traffic damage etc.
Each area should then be grouted after the installation of the paving. Typical floor
block panel size 0.5 m2/stone.
Stone floors
10.45 m2/day
Stone staircase tread/risers 8.40 m2/day
A paving team consists of 1 fixer and 0.5 mate's (1 mate per 2 fixers).
Terrazzo Flooring
Typically carried out with a gang of 2 layers, 2 labourers and 1 polisher.
In situ flooring
3.60 m2/hr
Precast flooring
4.65 m2/hr
Tower Cranes
Tower Cranes...
11/3/2014
Page 70 of 100
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Erect and Setup 50m gib
11.0
7.5
days
Dismantle 50m gib
10.0
days
Lifting, Reinforcement Bins and Cages, 1st 15m lift
3.2
mins/lift
Lifting, Reinforcement Bins and Cages, above 1st 15m lift
0.5
mins/15m
Lifting, Crane Tracking Time
3.3
seconds/m
Wall
Walls
Facing Brickwork
Facing Brickwork, by Hand (no/hr)
Hole depth
(mm) -->
75-125
125-250
250-375
375-500
0-75
Ne 100 cm2
5.56
3.70
2.63
100-250 cm2
4.55
3.13
2.22
250-500 cm2
3.85
2.56
1.82
500-1000
cm2
3.23
2.13
1.52
Facing Brickwork, by Machine (no/hr)

75-125
125-250
250-375
375-500
7.69
5.26
3.70
100-250
cm2
5.88
4.35
3.13
250-500
cm2
5.00
3.57
2.56
500-1000
cm2
4.55
3.03
2.13
Hole
depth
(mm) -->
0-75
Ne 100
cm2
11/3/2014
Page 71 of 100
Walls Straight
Rates include for making ,fixing, cleaning and minor repair works etc, rates in m2/hr.
Item
Shutter
Size
Fix
Strike
Kickers
ne 150
mm
deep
10.0
25.0
150 7.14
200 mm
20.0
Fully
framed
formwork
1.0-1.5
m2
1.85
4.55
(using
raking
struts)
1.5-2.0
m2
1.92
5.00
2.0-3.0
m2
2.13
5.26
3.0-5.0
m2
2.33
5.88
"StoriForm"
Shutters
1.0 - 1.5 1.47

m2
3.70
(manhandled)
1.5 - 2.0 1.75

m2
4.35
2.0 - 3.0 1.90

m2
4.76
3.0 - 5.0 2.00

m2
5.00
5.0 2.13
10.0 m2
5.26
"StoriForm"
shutters
1.0 - 1.5 1.67

m2
4.55
(craneassisted)
1.5 - 2.0 1.79

m2
5.00
2.0 - 3.0 2.00

m2
5.56
3.0 - 5.0 2.33

m2
5.88
2.86
5.0 10.0 m2
7.14
10.0 15.0 m
12.5
4.55
4.76
exc
15.0 m2
11.11
Wet Trade Finishes

Blockwork
11/3/2014
Page 72 of 100
Plasterboard
Plasterboard
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Boarding to Plaster dabs
3.6
4.0
5.5
m2/hr
Boarding to Stud-work/Metal Lathes
4.0
5.0
6.7
m2/hr
Boarding 12mm nailed to studding
12.5
m2/hr
Boarding 19mm nailed to studding
16.5
m2/hr
Tape, Jointing and Sanding
0.1
hrs/m
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Browning (undercoat), Internal Walls under 2.5m high
2.2
2.8
3.1
m2/hr
Browning (undercoat), Internal Walls over 2.5m high
2.1
2.6
2.8
m2/hr
Browning (undercoat), Reveals and Columns less than 100mm wide
9.9
10.0
10.1
m2/hr
Browning (undercoat), Reveals and Columns 100-200mm wide
5.2
5.4
6.4
m2/hr
Browning (undercoat), Reveals and Columns 200-300mm wide
3.3
3.6
3.9
m2/hr
5.0
m/hr
Skimming (topcoat), Internal Walls under 2.5m high
6.1
6.7
7.3
m2/hr
Skimming (topcoat), Internal Walls over 2.5m high
5.5
6.1
6.7
m2/hr
12.6
13.8
15.4
m2/hr
Skimming (topcoat), Reveals and Columns 100-200mm wide
7.7
8.3
9.8
m2/hr
Skimming (topcoat), Reveals and Columns 200-300mm wide
4.5
5.0
5.5
m2/hr
Plaster Board to Ceilings
3.2
4.5
5.5
m2/hr
Plastering Ceilings, 1 Bonding, 1 Skimming
1.1
1.7
2.4
m2/hr
Plastering Ceilings, Topcoat Skimming
2.7
3.2
5.4
m2/hr
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Sand/Cement Floor Screed, 15-20mm thick
4.8
5.7
m2/hr
4.6
5.5
m2/hr
3.2
4.2
5.3
m2/hr
2.0
3.8
5.2
m2/hr
3.3
3.9
m2/hr
3.0
3.6
m2/hr
Fix/Setout Screed Battens
10.0
m/hr
Plastering
Plastering
Task / Description
Covings
Skimming (topcoat), Reveals and Columns less than 100mm wide
Rendering
Screeding
Screeding...
Wood Block Flooring

Parquet and Wood block floor systems
11/3/2014
Page 73 of 100
Lay Blocks
1.5 m2/hr
Clean, sand, polish
3.1 m2/hr
Working Platforms
Working Platforms
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Metal KwikStage, 5 Boards with 2m lifts
11.1
11.9
12.5
m
run/hr
Metal KwikStage, 5 Boards with 3m lifts
9.1
10.0
10.5
m
run/hr
Metal KwikStage, House Scaffold with 3 lifts
2.8
3.2
3.8
m
run/hr
Metal Tube and Fittings, 5-6 Boards wide
3.2
3.7
4.6
m
run/hr
Tube and Fitting Platforms, 50-250m3
10.6
12.5
18.5
m3/hr
Tube and Fitting Platforms, 250-1000m3
18.5
22.5
24.5
m3/hr
Tube and Fitting Platforms, over 1000m3
24.5
30.0
33.5
m3/hr
200.0
Tube and Fitting Platforms, striking
%x
erect
Building Services / E&M

Building Services / E&M Production Rates & Build Times:
Define First Fix

Definition of Building Services - First Fix
Environmental Control Systems
This shall include the installation of all ECS equipment such as MCC's, fans and AHU's.
In addition the installation of all primary and secondary ductwork and pipework systems (including valves,
dampers, access panels, supports, anchors and guides) shall be completed.
Where necessary, due to concealment or other construction restraints, sectional testing shall be completed.
Electrical Systems
This shall include the installation of all transformers and switchboards.
In addition, the installation of all primary and secondary cable containment and support systems, such as ladder
racks, cable trays, cable trucking and conduits including brackets, anchors and guides shall be completed.
Plumbing, Drainage and Wet Fire Systems
This shall include the installaion of all duty and standby pumps for flushing water system, sump pumps, potable
water system, drencher system, water spray system, sprinkler system, fire services system, trackside fire fighting
system.
In addition, the installation of all primary and secondary pipe runs, whether horizontal or vertical, with associated
valves, supports, anchors and guides.
AFA System
This shall include all primary and secondary cable containment for the AFA system. Where necessary, due to
concealment or other construction restraints, sectional testing shall be completed.
11/3/2014
Page 74 of 100
Define Second Fix

Definition of Building Services - Second Fix
Environmental Control Systems
This shall include the installation of fan coils, EP panels and PLC panels.
In addition, the insulation of all primary and secondary ductwork as well as pipework systems; leakage tests for
ductwork and pipework; power and control cabling & wiring including termination; complete installation of
pneumatic system.
Electrical Systems
This shall include the installation of isolators, sockets, lighting, distribution boards, UPS/CBS/Batteries.
In addition, the installation and testing of all primary, secondary and final circuitry, cabling and wiring including
terminations for isolators, sockets, lighting, transformers, switchboards, distribution boards, UPS/CBS/Batteries and
any other power and control points shall be completed.
All electrical installation and testing work must comply with the HV and LV Power On Dates.
Plumbing and Drainage and Wet Fire Systems
This shall include the installaion of the controls for flushing water system, sump pumps, potable water system,
drencher system, water spray system, sprinkler system, fire services system, trackside fire fighting system.
In addition, the power and control wiring and cabling including termination shall be completed.
The hydraulic testing of all piping systems for pumps and the associated pipe works shall be completed.
AFA Fire Systems
This shall include cabling and wiring for AFA system, termination of cabling and wiring to the AFA panels and the
AFA loops complete.
This shall also include the installation of detector base plates.
Escalator Installation
Modular Design Escalators Packages
The escalator trusses are usually delivered in 1.6 m cubes, which include the internal workings etc. Normally 3 to 4
sections go to make up a standard escalator (an 11 m rise), however sizes and lengths vary greatly.
Delivery Implications
The largest single element is the nose piece which is approximately 1.8 m wide, 3 m long and 2.5 m high. This section
weight 1,500 kg. The other truss sections weight only 1,000 kg at most. The maximum weight of an entire escalator (10
m rise) is estimated at 15,000 kg. It is usual to being the escalators in from the top landing and lower the whole truss
down into its final position. Power supply being 415 volt 3 phase hard wired, T&C may be done with temporary supplies.
Typical Project Strategy
Sequence /timing of works:
16 wks = Develop concept design / submit for approval.

12 wks = Prepare preliminary design / submit for approval.
60 wks = Manufacture, test & site delivery, in conjunction with completion of final design.
4 wks = Initial delivery placing and connection of truss sections.
12-16 wks = Install escalators and commission.
12 wks = Test running of escalators.
12 wks = Trial running of escalators / System Operational.
Typical Escalator Installation Sequence Timing of single escalator:
1 wks = Assemble sections and truss position, align, level.

6 wks = Escalator contractor "stop work" period, to allow ABWF contractor to complete surrounding finishes.
5 wks = Final escalator installation, "Phase B" decking installation and glazing etc.
0 wks = Escalator Power-On required.
2 wks = Test performance "Phase C" prior to escalator Test Running.
2 wks = Full load test "Phase D" of escalator.
1 wks = Final test "Phase E"
1 wks = EMSD Inspection of installation.
1 wks = "Phase F" inspection.
11/3/2014
Page 75 of 100
Total installation time being 12 - 14 weeks, excluding the "Stop Work" period during which the civil finishing works are
completed.
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
14.0
12.0
11.0
wks
Truss type, Manufacture, test and deliver
60.0
48.0
wks
Truss type, Phase A assemble truss , position/level
1.0
wks
8.0
6.0
4.0
wks
Truss type, Phase B decking and glazing etc
5.0
wks
Truss type, Phase C performance testing
2.0
wks
Truss type, Phase D full load testing
2.0
wks
Truss type, Phase E final test and inspection
2.0
wks
Truss type, Overall Installation (excl arch finishes)
Truss type, Stop-Work for surrounding finishes
Fibre Cables
There are 4 phases to laying fibre cables - The laying of the duct, the pulling of the fibre cable, the splicing/terminating of
the cable and the testing of the cable.
The production rate for the laying of the duct will be as any similar small diameter pipe and dependent on the location
and linear distance.
The cable pulling phase has less to do with the length of the pull and much more to do with the number of pulls required ie draw pit to draw pit distance is less important than the number of times the cable pulling operation is started and
stopped. Production is therefore the number of pulls per day. The installers will generally attempt to install the cable from
termination point to termination point in one day. Depending on the environment, an assumption of one pull a day is
conservative and 2 a day being more optimistic. Crew sizes are small, 3/4 operatives.
The termination is obviously a speciallist job and likely to be carried out by different small crew than the pulling of the
cable.
The duration is dependent on the number of fibres in the cable, but an assumption of one day per location and another
day for testing at that location is reasonable.
Fire Services
Fire Services
Fire Protection
Spray Fire Protection, Rate of 45 tonnes/week protected, 200 m2/week for 300 m thickness
Sheet Fire Protection, Rate of 150 m2/week
Lift Installation
Lift Installation
Sequence of Work
A standard installation sequence for a "conventional hydraulic lift with 2 - 3 storeys and doors etc.
Handover of lift shaft structure and associated lift machine room.

Deliver all materials to site, 2 weeks.
Hoisting of machine roof equipment, setting out and plumbing, pit channel, car brackets and guide rails, 10 days.
Hoist in hydraulic arm, piping, lift shaft trunking and conduits etc and wiring of lift shaft, 9 days.
Positioning of motor control room equipment, machine room trunking and conduits and machine room wiring etc, 13
days.
Install sill angles and architraves etc, landing grouting done by others and landing doors, 9 days.
Partially dismantle lift shaft scaffolding and install pit equipment, 5 days.
Install car frame and platform, car wall panels and ceiling, car door operators and wiring of lift car, 14 days.
Architectural finishing stop work period, to install external glazing (if any) complete landing finishes and lift shaft
final BS lighting, detectors etc, 12 days.
Lift machine room Power-On required.
11/3/2014
Page 76 of 100
Initial tuning and adjustments, 7 days.

Final tuning and adjustments, 7 days.
Submission of Form 5 to EMSD.
Interface testing with other contractors, carried out at later state (coordinated with others), duration of 6 days.
Final test and commissioning with client and handover, 2 days.
Procurement
Lifts are long lead items - from 12 weeks for a standard lift and considerably longer (1 to 1.5 years) for specially
designed installations
Installation Periods
Therefore, the overall duration of the installation, including delivery, architectural finishes, by others, and Form 5
submission etc...
Rule Of Thumb
Upto 8 storeys = 12 - 16 weeks
Upto 15 storeys = 16 - 24 weeks
More Accurately
2 to 3 storey installation = 3 wks/level
4 storeys and above = 2 wks/level
Test & Commissioning
Rule of thumb, allow 2 weeks plus 1 day per lift per storey.
Lift Installation
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Hydraulic Lift, Install 2 to 3 storeys
3.0
wks/floor
Hydraulic Lift, Install 4 storeys and above
2.0
wks/floor
Hydraulic Lift, Testing allow 2 wks plus
1.0
day/floor
Standard Lift, Manufacture, test and deliver
12.0
wks
75.0
65.0
52.0
wks
Non-Standard Lift, Manufacture, test and deliver
Units
Lift Erection Schedule

Please find below the sequence or erection of a Lift..:
1. Site Survey of Lift Shaft
2. Installation of Rails
3. Installation of Door Frames
4. Installation of Outside Doors, Indicators and push buttons
5. Assembly of Cabin
6. Installation of Motor
7. Main Cable Installation, Connection to BMS if applicable.
8. Testing
9. Complete Installation of Interior Finishes
10. Balancing and Commissioning
These are the basic steps, other requirements will apply per specifications.
Walls Box Sections (Lift Shafts etc)

Rates include for making ,fixing, cleaning and minor repair works etc, rates in m2/hr.
Item
Panel
Size
Fix
Strike
Using Bolts
and Struts
1.0 - 1.5
m2
1.22
3.13
11/3/2014
Page 77 of 100
(man-handled)
1.5 - 2.0
m2
1.28
3.23
2.0 - 3.0
m2
1.39
3.45
3.0 - 5.0
m2
1.54
3.85
"StoriForm"
shutters
1.5 - 2.0
m2
1.47
3.85
(man-handled)
2.0 - 3.0
m2
1.49
4.00
3.0 - 5.0
m2
1.69
4.35
5.0 - 10.0 1.79

m2
4.55
"StoriForm"
shutters
1.5 - 2.0
m2
1.54
4.35
(craneassisted)
2.0 - 3.0
m2
1.56
4.76
3.0 - 5.0
m2
1.72
5.00
5.0 - 10.0 1.85

m2
5.56
10.0 15.0 m2
2.56
7.14
exc
15.0m2
2.70
7.69
Defence Sector
Defence Sector Production Rates & Build Times:
Fitout & Finishes

Fitout & Finishes Rates & Build Times:
Carpentry & Joinery

Carpentry & Joinery
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Formwork to Soffit of Manhole
1.8
m2/hr
Formwork to Walls of Manhole
11.2
14.2
20.2
m2/hr
Formwork to Road Edges, straight
7.7
m/hr
Formwork to Road Edges, curves
6.2
m/hr
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Windows, Timber Frames for Bricklaying
1.1
0.5
0.1
hrs/no
Windows, Drill, Screw & Plug extra over
0.3
0.1
hrs/no
Carpentry Carcassing
Carpentry Carcassing
Task / Description
11/3/2014
Page 78 of 100
Door Frames, Softwood, 1.0-3.0m2
0.2
hrs/no
0.5
0.4
hrs/no
1.2
0.8
hrs/no
Door Frames, Hardwood, 1.0-3.0m2
0.3
hrs/no
0.6
0.3
hrs/no
1.4
1.0
hrs/no
Erect Water Tank Platform
2.3
no/hr
Fix Studding For Bath
0.1
hrs/m
Cut Access Hatch
0.3
no/hr
Floor Joists, under 3m
9.0
9.6
11.6
no/hr
Floor Joists, 3.0-4.5m
6.8
7.2
9.7
no/hr
Floor Joists, 4.5-6.0m
5.5
5.8
7.3
no/hr
Ceiling Joists, under 3m
12.8
14.0
14.7
no/hr
Ceiling Joists, 3.0-4.5m
10.8
12.1
12.6
no/hr
Ceiling Joists, 4.5-6.0m
9.6
10.8
11.1
no/hr
Ceiling Joists, Notch to Beams
20.0
25.0
28.5
no/hr
Ceiling Joists, Pack Joist Ends
20.1
23.8
26.3
no/hr
Ceiling Joists, Nailing Joists together
23.0
m/hr
Ceiling Joists, Bolting Joists Together
12.6
m/hr
Floor Boards, Butt Jointed
1.7
m2/hr
Floor Boards, T&G Boards, under 75mm wide
3.4
m2/hr
Floor Boards, T&G Boards, 75-100mm wide
3.8
m2/hr
4.2
m2/hr
5.5
m2/hr
Plywood Sheeting, Butt Jointed, nailed
9.1
10.2
m2/hr
Plywood Sheeting, Butt Jointed, screwed
4.1
4.8
m2/hr
Plywood Sheeting, T&G Jointed, nailed
8.3
9.1
m2/hr
Plywood Sheeting, T&G Jointed, screwed
4.0
4.6
m2/hr
Chipboard Sheeting, Butt Jointed, nailed
10.0
11.5
m2/hr
Chipboard Sheeting, Butt Jointed, screwed
5.1
5.8
m2/hr
Chipboard Sheeting, T&G Jointed, nailed
9.3
9.1
m2/hr
Chipboard Sheeting, T&G Jointed, screwed
5.5
5.9
m2/hr
Carpentry Final Fixing

Carpentry Final Fixing
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Windows, Softwood, 3.0-7.0m2
0.6
0.4
0.3
hrs/no
1.3
0.9
0.6
hrs/no
Windows, Hardwood, 1.0-3.0m2
0.4
0.3
hrs/no
0.7
0.5
0.4
hrs/no
1.6
1.2
0.7
hrs/no
Windows, Aluminum, 1.0-3.0m2
0.2
0.3
hrs/no
0.5
0.4
0.3
hrs/no
1.2
0.8
0.5
hrs/no
Windows, Steel, 1.0-3.0m2
0.4
0.3
0.2
hrs/no
Units
11/3/2014
Page 79 of 100
1.2
0.6
0.5
hrs/no
1.4
1.2
1.0
hrs/no
Window Boards, nailed
0.3
0.2
hrs/m
Window Boards, screwed
0.4
0.3
hrs/m
Mouldings, Softwood, Nailed
6.3
8.5
m/hr
Mouldings, Softwood, Screwed
4.6
5.6
m/hr
Mouldings, Softwood, Gun Nailed
8.2
11.1
m/hr
Mouldings, Hardwood, Nailed
3.3
5.5
m/hr
Mouldings, Hardwood, Screwed
2.4
3.7
m/hr
Mouldings, Hardwood, Gun Nailed
8.5
11.3
m/hr
Skirting, Aluminum, Screwed 150-300mm centres
7.6
m/hr
Skirting, Aluminum, Screwed 300-450mm centres
4.5
m/hr
Skirting, Plastic, Adhesive Fixing
8.6
m/hr
9.5
12.2
18.2
m/hr
1.2
Door Stop Mouldings
10.1
16.9
25.0
m/hr
Glazed Bead Mouldings
15.5
18.6
20.4
m/hr
Hanging Doors, Softwood, Single Pair Butts
1.3
0.9
0.6
hrs/no
Hanging Doors, Hardwood, Single Pair Butts
1.9
1.2
0.9
hrs/no
Cut Mortice to Receive Lock, Softwood
0.2
hrs/no
Cut Mortice to Receive Lock, Hardwood
0.6
hrs/no
Cut & Fix Formica Bath Panel
0.4
hrs/no
Kitchen Cupboards, Floor Units
0.8
0.6
hrs/no
Kitchen Cupboards, Wall Units
0.7
0.5
hrs/no
Kitchen Cupboards, Shelf Units
0.8
0.7
hrs/no
Staircase, pre-made, simple, straight flight
1.9
1.5
1.1
hrs/no
Staircase, pre-made, 2 straight flights, 1 landing
3.7
2.9
2.6
hrs/no
Staircase, pre-made, 2 straight flights, 2 landings
6.3
hrs/no
Staircase, Balustrades/Handrails, fix horizontal
1.2
0.6
0.1
hrs/no
Staircase, Balustrades/Handrails, fix raking
0.9
0.5
0.3
hrs/no
Staircase, Cut and Fix Newel to Walls
0.9
0.2
hrs/no
0.3
0.2
hrs/no
Raised Flooring, metal system
0.5
m2/hr
Architrave Mouldings
Architrave, Fix to Doors
hrs/door
Carpentry Miscellaneous
Carpentry Miscellaneous
Sundry Carpentry Items

Drip fillet
25 m/hr
Fixing Blocks
50
no/hr
Dowel bars fix 33

through stop- no/hr
end
11/3/2014
Page 80 of 100
Dowel bars fix 25

through
no/hr
expansion
joint
Waterstophorizontal
10 m/hr
Waterstopvertical
5 m/hr
Flexell
expansion
joint
20 m/hr
Flexell in
large areas
5 m2/hr
Stop Ends - Plain Ends, end of beams etc (m2/hr)

0.00 0.25 m
deep
4.17
10.0
0.25 0.50 m
deep
3.85
10.0
0.50 1.00 m
deep
3.45
10.0
exc 1.00
m deep
3.23
9.1
Stop Ends - Perforated, with minor number of bars (m2/hr)

0.00 0.25 m
deep
1.89
2.56
0.25 0.50 m
deep
1.72
2.44
0.50 1.00 m
deep
1.37
1.92
exc 1.00
m deep
1.23
1.79
Stop Ends - Perforated, with dense penetrations (m2/hr)

0.00 0.25 m
deep
1.37
2.08
0.25 0.50 m
deep
1.14
1.69
0.50 1.00 m
deep
1.05
1.59
exc 1.00
m deep
0.92
1.45
Box Outs (no/hr)

0.00 0.01
m2
9.09
14.29
0.01 0.05
m2
7.69
10.00
0.05 0.10
m2
4.55
6.25
3.03
4.55
11/3/2014
Page 81 of 100
exc
0.10
m2
Dummy Frames (no/hr)
0.0 - 1.5 6.25
m2
12.50
1.5 - 3.0 4.55

m2
9.09
3.70
9.14
exc 3.0
m2
Ceiling Finishes
Ceiling Finishes
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Suspended Ceilings, office situations
2.6
3.5
m2/hr
Suspended Ceilings, First Fix
0.7
m2/hr
Suspended Ceilings, Second Fix
1.2
m2/hr
Facade Waterproofing
Asphalt Waterproofing
Asphalt coatings to prepared concrete surfaces, usually undertaken with a 3 man gang.
Horizontal Surfaces = 210 m2/wk
Vertical Surfaces = 85 m2/wk
Bentonite Waterproofing
Sheeting to be installed and covered over immediately in order to prevent drying out, carried out with a gang of at least 3
people.
Vertical surfaces = 15.0 m3/hr
Bituminous Waterproofing
Brush applied coatings (tretol etc) to prepared concrete surfaces.
A two coat application = 5.0 m2/hr
A three coat application = 3.5 m2/hr
Sheet materials (bituthene etc) fixed to prepared concrete surfaces.
Vertical Surfaces = 3.5 m2/hr
Cladding Restoration
Brickwork Restoration = 6.5 m2/day
Stonework Restoration = 20.0 m/day (single course)
Curtain Walling
Typical Curtain Walling = 25.0 m2/day
11/3/2014
Page 82 of 100
Doors & Window Installation

Installation
For windows that are not 'built-in' as work proceeds...
Install & Fix - By Area = 2.0 m2/hr
Install & Fix - By Girth = 4.0 m/hr
Mastic Pointing = 6.0 m/hr
Doors and Windows
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Mastic Pointing to Frames
9.5
m/hr
Fix Metal and Timber Windows After Wall Complete
2.0
m2/hr
Window Glazing
1.3
m2/hr
Window Glazing, Single Glazed Units
2.0
m2/hr
Window Glazing, Double Glazed Units
1.3
m2/hr
Epoxy Waterproofing
Epoxy based material (eliminator etc), a 2 part mix. It is sprayed on and large areas can be completed in a short time.
Usually carried out in two coats, good ventilation is required.
A one coat application = 75 m2/hr
A two coat application = 38 m2/hr
Facade Cleaning
Water Jetting = 25.0 m2/day
Acid Etching = 9.0 m2/day
Grit Blasting = 12.0 m2/day
Glazing
Glazing to windows, a typical rate of 1.23 m2/hr
Sealed Glazing Units
Single glazed units = 80.0 m2/wk
Double glazed units = 45.0 m2/wk
Floor Finishes
Floor Finishes
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
3.1
m2/hr
Terrazzo Flooring, in-situ
3.6
m2/hr
Terrazzo Flooring, pre-cast
4.6
5.1
m2/hr
Mosaic Tiling, 0.045x0.045m
1.5
2.2
m2/hr
Clay, quarry Tiles, small areas, much cutting
0.8
1.1
m2/hr
Clay, quarry Tiles, large areas, little cutting
2.2
2.8
m2/hr
Raised Floor System
2.6
m2/hr
Linolium/Thermo-Plastic Flooring
3.1
5.0
m2/hr
11/3/2014
Page 83 of 100
Thermo-Plastic Floor Tiles
3.3
5.6
m2/hr
Wood Block Flooring, lay blocks
1.5
2.1
m2/hr
Wood Block Flooring, sand and polish
3.1
m2/hr
Carpeting, Underlay & Gripper
5.6
6.1
m2/hr
Carpeting, Adhesive Fixing
3.5
4.2
m2/hr
Carpeting, Fully Fitted
2.0
2.8
m2/hr
Hardboard Sheeting Coverings, small areas
3.7
4.1
m2/hr
Hardboard Sheeting Coverings, large areas
6.6
7.2
m2/hr
Floor Sheeting Coverings, Lay Lino
9.5
10.5
m2/hr
Carpeting
5.58 m2/hr
Underlay & Carpet Gripper

Carpet
adhesive fixing
3.50 m2/hr
Carpet
fully fitted
2.05 m2/hr
Floor Sheeting Coverings

Lay lino (or similar) to rooms and corridor floors including measure, match, cut, fit and lay
etc
Hardboard underlay
small areas
3.7 m2/hr
Hardboard underlay
large areas
6.6 m2/hr
9.5 m2/hr
Lay lino or similar
Linoleum, Thermo-Plastic, Cork & Carpet Tiles

Small
complex areas
3.1 m2/hr
Large
simple areas
5.0 m2/hr
Kitchen Installations
Installation Sequences
Industrial and Commercial installations usually commence when false ceilings, floorings and final decorations are
substantially complete.
Kitchen Hood Installations are done before false ceiling completion and kitchen equipment is done after the civil
wall&floor finishes.
Installation Periods
Size Of Kitchen Are of Kitchen Installation Time
100 people
50 m2
3 weeks
11/3/2014
Page 84 of 100
500 people
150 m2
5 weeks
1,000 people
275 m2
8 weeks
For individual installations...

Ovens, friers and large mixers etc = 1 man day per item
Sinks, bain maries, washers etc = 2 man days per item
Commercial Kitchen
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Overall Installation for 100 persons or 50m2
3.0
wks
5.0
wks
8.0
wks
Install Ovens, friers and large mixers etc
1.0
mandays
Install Sinks, bain maries and washers etc
2.0
mandays
Outdoor Paving
Outdoor Paving
Clay, Quarry Tiles
Typically carried out with a 3 man gang, bedded in cement and sand base
Floor Areas
Small areas
much cutting
0.8 m2/hr
Large areas
little cutting
2.2 m2/hr
Window Cills etc
Fixing, level line edge batten
55.5 m/hr
Fixing tiles, clean and grout
1.56 m2/hr
Painting & Decorations

Painting
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Prepare Walls
14.2
m2/hr
Prepare Doors
12.5
m2/hr
11/3/2014
Page 85 of 100
Prepare Door Frames
25.0
m/hr
Burn Off / Heat Strip Paintwork
1.1
m2/hr
Internal Timber, 1 coat primer before fixing, generally
6.7
m2/hr
Internal Timber, 1 coat primer before fixing, timber lengths
20.0
m/hr
Internal Timber, knot, 1 primer, stop, 1 undercoat, 1 gloss
1.7
2.1
m2/hr
Internal Timber, touchup primer, 1 undercoat, 1 coat gloss
3.1
3.8
m2/hr
Internal Timber, polyurethane varnish, 2 coats
3.3
m2/hr
Internal Timber, polyurethane varnish, 3 coats
2.2
m2/hr
Internal Timber, linseed oil to hardwood, 2 coats
3.6
m2/hr
External Timber, windows and frames
2.4
m2/hr
External Timber, knot, 1 primer, 2 undercoats, 1 coat gloss,
1.5
m2/hr
External Timber, touchup primer, 2 undercoats, 1 coat gloss,
2.0
m2/hr
External Timber, 2 coats wood preservative
4.0
m2/hr
External Timber, 3 coats polyurethane varnish
2.0
m2/hr
Internal Walls, 2 coats emulsion to plaster
8.0
m2/hr
Internal Walls, 2 coats emulsion to brick/blockwork
6.0
m2/hr
Internal Walls, 1 mist, 2 coats emulsion to plaster
6.0
m2/hr
Internal Walls, 1 mist, 2 coats emulsion to brick/blockwork
4.5
m2/hr
Internal Walls, 1 primer, 1 undercoat, 1 gloss to plaster
2.3
m2/hr
Internal Walls, undercoat to door frame
20.0
m/hr
Internal Walls, gloss to door frame
16.5
m/hr
Internal Walls, undercoat to door
7.1
m2/hr
Internal Walls, gloss to door
6.2
m2/hr
External Walls, 2 coats sandtex to render/concrete
2.5
m2/hr
External Walls, 2 coats sandtex to brick/blockwork
2.0
m2/hr
External Walls, 1 sealer, 2 emulsion to render/concrete
2.0
m2/hr
External Walls, 1 sealer, 2 emulsion to brick/blockwork
1.7
m2/hr
Floors, epoxy paint
2.9
m2/hr
Ceilings, emulsion paint, 2 coats
6.1
m2/hr
Ceilings, emulsion paint, 3 coats
5.0
m2/hr
Ceilings, textured paint
4.2
m2/hr
Ceilings, artex finish
4.1
m2/hr
Internal Steelwork, 1 primer, 1 undercoat, 1 gloss
1.3
2.4
m2/hr
External Steelwork, 1 primer, 2 undercoats, 1 gloss
0.9
1.7
m2/hr
2.5
m/hr
Guttering Steelwork, 1 coat primer, 2 undercoats, 1 gloss
Ceilings
Emulsion paint
- 2 coat 6.05 m2/hr
- 3 coats 5.02 m2/hr
Textured paint 4.20 m2/hr
Artex 4.10 m2/hr
Floors
11/3/2014
Page 86 of 100
Epoxy floor paint 2.95 m2/hr
Preparatory Works
Strip Existing Wallpapers (3 layers) 5.00 m2/hr
Burn Off/Heat Strip Paintwork 1.00 m2/hr
Chemically Strip Paintwork 1.30 m2/hr
Prepare walls 14.20 m2/hr
Prepare door frame 25.00 m/hr
Prepare door 12.50 m2/hr
Steel
Externally
One coat primer, 2 undercoats, 1 gloss 1.70 m2/hr
As above to steel stanchions and beams 0.90 m2/hr
As above to balustrades, railings etc 1.00 m2/hr
As above to gutter and downpipes etc 2.50 m/hr
Internally
One coat primer, 1 undercoat, 1 gloss 2.40 m2/hr
As above to steel stanchions and beams 1.30 m2/hr
As above to balustrades, railings etc 1.40 m2/hr
Timber
Internally
(Rates per coat unless stated otherwise)
One coat primer, before fixing generally 6.70 m2/hr

One coat primer, before fixing lengths 20.0 m/hr
Knot, 1 primer, stop, 1 undercoat, 1 gloss 1.75 m2/hr
Touchup primer, 1 undercoat, 1 coat gloss 3.10 m2/hr
Polyurethane varnish - 2 coats 3.30 m2/hr, - 3 coats 2.20 m2/hr
Linseed Oil to Hardwood, 2 coats 3.30 m2/hr
Walls
Externally
2 coats sandtex etc
- to render/concrete 2.50 m2/hr
- to brick/blockwork 2.00 m2/hr
11/3/2014
Page 87 of 100
1 sealer, 2 emulsion
- to render/concrete 2.00 m2/hr
Brickwork
Output 25m2 per man week overall facing brickwork
Internally
2 coats emulsion
- to plaster 8.00 m2/hr
1 mist, 2 emulsion
1 primer, 1 undercoat, 1 gloss
Undercoat
- to door frame 20.00 m/hr
Gloss
- to door frame 16.50 m/hr
Undercoat
- to door 7.14 m2/hr
Gloss
- to door 6.25 m2/hr
Rendering
Rendering
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Large Wall Areas, applied in 2 coats
2.2
2.7
m2/hr
Small Wall Areas, applied in 2 coats
1.5
1.7
m2/hr
Narrow Widths, applied in 2 coats
1.2
1.4
m2/hr
Columns and Beams, applied in 2 coats
1.5
1.7
m2/hr
Staircase and Soffits, applied in 2 coats
1.4
m2/hr
Restoration Works
Restoration Works
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Faade Cleaning, Water Jetting
25.0
m2/day
Faade Cleaning, Acid Etching
9.0
m2/day
Units
11/3/2014
Page 88 of 100
Faade Cleaning, Grit Blasting
12.0
m2/day
Cladding Restoration, Brickwork
6.5
m2/day
Cladding Restoration, Stonework courses
20.0
m/day
Soft Landscaping
Soil
Spread topsoil, prepare for turf/seeding = 2.5 m2/hr Spread fertilizer and rake in = 25.0 m2/hr
Planting
Hedges or Shrubs, ne 750 mm high = 4.0 no/hr Hedges or Shrubs, exc 750 m high = 1.5 no/hr Saplings, ne 3.0 m high =
1.7 hrs/no
Turfing
Typical rate including minor preparations = 135 m2/day
Landscaping
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Top Soil, spread, level and prepare for turf or seeding
2.5
m2/hr
Top Soil, rake in fertilizer for seeding
25.0
m2/hr
Planting, Shrubs and Hedges, under 750mm high
4.0
no/hr
Planting, Shrubs and Hedges, over 750mm high
1.5
no/hr
Planting, Saplings, under 3.0m high
1.7
no/hr
Turfing, including for minor preparations
16.8
m2/hr
Staircases
Rates include for fixing, cleaning and minor repair works etc, rates in m2/hr .
System
Type--->
Part Framed
Fully Framed
Item
Fix
Strike
Fix
Strike
Sloping
soffit to
stairs
0.78
2.33
0.86
2.56
Landing
soffit to
stairs
0.85
2.56
0.94
2.86
Wall
0.47
Strings ne
300mm
deep
1.41
0.47
1.41
Wall
0.53
Strings ex
300mm
deep
1.59
0.53
1.59
Open
0.70
Strings ne
300mm
deep
2.08
0.70
2.08
Open
0.79
Strings ex
300mm
deep
2.38
0.79
2.38
11/3/2014
Page 89 of 100
Riser
boards
fixed to
strings
0.84
2.50
Risers
fixed to
strings
and
braced
0.76
2.27
Stone Cladding
External Stone Walls Various stone finishes are available...
Polished / Tooled = Highly reflective finish. The full colour and grain of the stone becomes visible. A poished fiish seals
the pores and gives a good weather and chemical protection.
Honed = Very smooth finish without reflections to show the full colour of the stone.
Flamed = Produced by applying a high-temperature flame to the surface ofthe stone. This flame fractures the surface
crystals, leaving a rough textured finish.
Sequence of operations...
Each wall stone is individually numberd to correspond to theshop drawings. The setting out line is established and metal
brackets and subframe is installed in accordance with the initial setting out line. Prior to drilling a cover meter is
employed to check the cover on the concrete reinforcement. Each stone is individually supported and restrained.
Typical wall panel size 0.75 m2/stone.
Stones 0.5 m2 and under = 14 no/day

Stones 0.75 m2 and under = 12 no/day
Stones 0.75 - 1.00 m2 = 10 no/day
Flat Stone walls - Simple = 9.0 m2/day
Flat Stone walls - Average = 5.1 m2/day
Flat Stone Walls - V. Complex = 1.8 m2/day
Curved Wall cladding = 8.0 m2/day
Edge Beams/Window edges = 2.3 m2/day
Stone soffits = 4.0 m2/day
A cladding team consists of 1 fixer and 1 mate.
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Fix 0.5m2 Stones to Metal Support Frame
5.6
7.0
7.8
m2/day
Fix 0.5-0.75m2 Stones to Metal Support Frame
7.2
9.0
10.1
m2/day
Fix 0.75-1.0m2 Stones to Metal Support Frame
6.9
8.7
9.7
m2/day
Fix Complex Stonework to Metal Support Frame
1.8
m2/day
6.9
8.0
9.2
m2/day
Fix Stone Edge Beams/Window Reveals
2.3
3.2
m2/day
Fix Stone Soffits
4.0
m2/day
6.9
10.4
12.2
m2/day
Granite Wall Panels, First Fix
1.3
m2/hr
Granite Wall Panels, Second Fix
1.1
m2/hr
Fix Curved Stone Cladding
Stone Floors
Units
Wall & Ceiling Coverings

Paper Coverings
Wall paper and lining paper = 5.00 m2/hr Vinyl and washable papers = 4.20 m2/hr
Ceiling lining paper = 4.00 m2/hr
11/3/2014
Page 90 of 100
Rates in relation to one skilled craftsman and labourer.

Wallpapering...
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Strip Existing Wallpaper (3 layers) & Prepare Walls
5.0
m2/hr
Fix Wallpaper and lining paper
5.0
m2/hr
Fix Vinyl and Washable paper
4.2
m2/hr
Fix Ceiling Lining Paper
4.0
m2/hr
Wall Finishes...
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Mosaic Tiling, 0.045x0.045m
1.1
1.5
no/hr
Clay, quarry Tiles, Window Cills, setout and level
55.5
m/hr
Clay, quarry Tiles, Window Cills, fix, grout and clean
1.5
m2/hr
20.4
27.1
32.0
no/hr
Ceramic Tiles 150x150mm, Areas under 1.5m2 per room
0.9
1.0
1.2
m2/hr
Ceramic Tiles 150x150mm, Areas of 1.5-2.5m2 per room
1.4
1.6
1.9
m2/hr
Ceramic Tiles 150x150mm, Areas over 2.5m2 per room
1.5
1.7
2.1
m2/hr
Ceramic Tiles 150x150mm, Extra Over for Cutting
41.6
no/hr
Ceramic Tiles 108x108mm, Ledges/Upstands
62.5
no/hr
Ceramic Tiles 108x108mm, Areas under 1.5m2 per room
1.0
1.3
1.5
m2/hr
Ceramic Tiles 108x108mm, Areas of 1.5-2.5m2 per room
1.6
1.8
2.1
m2/hr
Ceramic Tiles 108x108mm, Areas over 2.5m2 per room
1.7
1.9
2.2
m2/hr
125.0
no/hr
2.2
2.5
2.6
m2/hr
Ceramic Tiles 150x150mm, Ledges/Upstands
Ceramic Tiles 108x108mm, Extra Over for Cutting

Ceramic Tiles, Grouting Works
Window Finishes
Window Finishes
Manufacture - Staircase Shutters

Rates in m2/hr for on-site production.
Riser Boards with fixing cleats 150-225 mm wide
Wall
strings
Incl cut to
shape ne
300 mm
wide
0.87
0.35
Incl cut to
0.44
shape 300500 mm
wide
Cut to stair 0.81
outline only
Open
strings
Incl cut to
shape ne
300 mm
wide
0.49
Incl cut to
0.55
shape 300-
11/3/2014
Page 91 of 100
500 mm
wide
Soffits
Studding at 2.08
450 mm
centres
Framing
2.00
-butted and
nailed
Framing
1.37
-jointed and
nailed
Manufacture - Straight Shutters

Rates in m2/hr for on-site production.
Item
00.7 m2
0.7 - 1.5
m2
ex 1.5 m2
Shutters
made with
boards
1.32
1.85
2.50
Shutters
made with
plywood
1.72
2.50
4.55
High quality 0.81

with
plywood
1.14
1.61
Health & Healthcare

Health & Healthcare Production Rates & Build Times:
IT Engineering Projects
IT Projects Production Rates & Build Times:
005 Initiate Phase

010 Analyse Phase
015 Design Phase
020 Develop Phase
025 Test Phase
030 Implement Phase
035 Support Phase
Petrochemical Oil & Gas
11/3/2014
Page 92 of 100
Petrochemical Oil & Gas Rates & Build Times:
Pipeline Construction
Pipe welding is not that straight forward. You have a number of welding passes to take into consideration, then NDT and
finally hydrotesting. I worked on a pipeline construction project in Iraq and used the following formulae to work out
duration for the welding.
The average welder can complete about 140 inches of weld per hour in ordinary 1/4 inch wall line pipe. Therefore, to
find the output duration per day you would need to:
Number of welds per hour is equal to = ((140/((diameter of pipe - in inches)*3.14))).
This gives you an hourly rate of pipeline joints per hour.
Times this by the number of hours in the shift to give the daily rate.
You can work out how many sections in the run by dividing the run by pipeline length (typically 12m).
Then divide this answer by the answer to the welds per hour. This will give you the outline duration for the welding.
The welding runs normally follow each other so add half a day lag for each pass (1 day extra).
Increase the overall duration by the estimated time to string the pipeline.
NDT can happen while the welding is ongoing (obviously on different sections of the pipeline). Add a day overlap from
the welding finish to complete NDT.
Depending upon the length, include a day to fill the pipeline for Hydrostatic Testing, a day to test and a day to drain.
Then you will need to add in a day for hook up.
The welding duration will decrease if you have more than 1 team completing the task.
We included an in country overhead factor which reduced productivity by 40% to allow for the heat (it was anything upto
60 degrees in the desert in summer), they did a lot of work before the sun came up etc.
Overall, this rule of thumb worked very well. Obviously, you will be rounding up rather than rounding down.
Additional...
I am involved in a number of pipelines across India and when they deploy automatic welding they can cover 500m a day
on 30inch pipe.
Its a bit slower when you are going over a mountain range.
Pharmaceutical
Pharmaceutical Production Rates & Build Times:
Power Generation & Nuclear

Power Generation & Nuclear Rates & Build Times:
Roads & Infrastructure

Roads & Infrastructure PRoduction Rates & Build Times:
Kerbs & Paving

Kerbs & Paving
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Concrete Slabs, laid on bedding, to slight falls
2.7
4.2
m2/hr
Concrete Slabs, laid on bedding, to steep falls
2.3
2.7
m2/hr
Concrete Slabs, laid in mortar, to slight falls
1.5
2.3
m2/hr
11/3/2014
Page 93 of 100
Concrete Slabs, laid in mortar, to steep falls
1.1
1.5
m2/hr
Concrete Slabs, laid on sand, to slight falls
1.7
2.8
m2/hr
Concrete Slabs, laid on sand, to steep falls
1.6
1.9
m2/hr
Cobble Stones, laid in mortar, no patterns
0.3
m2/hr
Cobble Stones, laid in mortar, with patterns
0.2
m2/hr
Artificial Stone, laid on sand, with patterns
2.5
m2/hr
0.9
1.3
1.9
m2/hr
Brick Paviors, in mortar, herringbone pattern
1.0
1.2
m2/hr
Gravel Paths, including preparation of sub-base
10.5
m2/hr
Concrete Paths, 100mm thick, including preparation of sub-base
2.5
m2/hr
Concrete Kerbs or Channels, laid straight
6.2
m/hr
Concrete Kerbs or Channels, laid to 5m radius
4.5
m/hr
5.0
m/hr
5.5
m/hr
Stone/Granite Kerbs or Channels, laid straight
3.5
m/hr
Concrete Edging, laid straight
7.7
m/hr
Concrete Edging, laid to 5m radius
5.8
m/hr
6.2
m/hr
7.1
m/hr
Cutting and Fitting Ends, Concrete Kerbs
6.6
no/hr
Cutting and Fitting Ends, Channels
5.8
no/hr
Cutting and Fitting Ends, Concrete Edging
8.3
no/hr
Brick Paviors, in mortar, straight joints
Road Basecourse
A good rule of thumb for the construction of road basecourse
Urban environment:
Spread & Compact Production = 30m3/hr
Trimming Production = 250m2/hr
Rural environment:
Spread & Compact Production = 50m3/hr
Trimming Production = 350m2/hr
Road Markings
Road and Car Park Markings
75 mm road lines = 20.5 m/hr
Road writing = 3.5 hrs/word or symbol
Road Surfaces
Barber Greene 8798 machine laying 100 mm in two coats (m2/hr)...
Tarmacadam = 160.0
Asphalt = 145.0
Manual laying 100 mm in two coats (m2/hr)...
Tarmacadam = 7.7
Asphalt = 5.0
Average laying of Asphalt wearing Course=40 Ton/hr so one crew can do 400 ton of asphalt /day
11/3/2014
Page 94 of 100
Concrete Road surfacing

Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Concrete Road surfacing, Kerbs or Side Haunches
0.4
m3/hr
Concrete Road surfacing, 150mm thick
12.5
m2/hr
7.7
m2/hr
6.7
m2/hr
Rule of Thumb
Rule of Thumb
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
5.0
4.0
3.0
days/no
50.0
m3/day
10.0
8.0
6.0
days/no
Formwork Fixing
12.0
m2/day
Reinforcement Fixing
0.7
Tonnes/day
Concrete Placement
16.0
m3/day
Scaffold Erection, Steel Falsework
140.0
m3/day
Blockwork Laying
7.0
m2/day
Plastering and Rendering
12.0
m2/day
7.0
12.0
17.5
m2/day
Site Investigation Pre Drilling

Ground Excavation, Hydraulic Backhoe
Bored Piling, 25-70m deep
Blockwork Laying
Units
Stonework Cladding
5.1
m2/day
Window Glazing
1.5
m2/hr
4.5
m2/hr
Floor Screeding
4.5
m2/hr
Floor Screeding
60.0
m2/day
Ceramic Wall Tiling
1.5
m2/hr
Shipbuilding
Shipbuilding Rates & Build Times:
Transportation
Transportation Production Rates & Build Times:
Cable Car
The 21 months duration for the 14km cable car project from the land available date is made up of the following activities:
5 months lead time to the mast foundation contract before the cable car contractor can get access to the
foundation for a 10 months installation works.
The cable car contractor's installation is followed by the last 2 months of their overall 6 months testing and
commissioning.
This is then followed by a 4 months of Test & Trial Running.
The 27 months programme of cable car's manufacturing, delivery, installation and test and commissioning is based on
the extract of the supplier's programme.
11/3/2014
Page 95 of 100
Conveying Systems
Equipment Conveying decks
Conveying decks may be used in a variety of industries, for example in airport baggage handling systems or cargo
handling systems.
Hoists & Cranes

Crane Grab
Tender rates are often quoted as between 20 and 25 m3/hr. With adequate supervision and sufficient loose spoil material
supplied to the crane drop area, these rates can easily be increased. Grabs mounted on crawler cranes, rates depend
on...
Depth of the spoil to be removed

Operative supervision - breaks etc
Management and availibility of lorries
Efficiency and utlisation of banksmen
Transport of spoil to crane drop area
Down time of machinery and staff
Clamshell Grab Mounted on a crawler crane... 2.0 m3 bucket (HK Cut & Cover Tunnels)
33 m3/hr
1.5 m3 per lift
2.9 mins per lift
2.5 m3 bucket (HK Station Box)
41 m3/hr
2.0 m3 per lift
3.1 mins per lift
Hydraulic Excavator
Tractor with backactor, Massey Ferguson or JCB.3 has a 0.3 m3 bucket.

Smaller 360 degree excavator has a 0.4 m3 bucket.
JCB.6D, Liebherr 400, Hymak 580 or typical 360 degree machine has a 0.5 m3 bucket.
360 degree excavator machine has a 0.6 m3 bucket.
Large 360 degree crawler backhoes have a 0.75 m3 bucket.
Rail Grab
Machine Rail Mounted Hydraulic Grab
Rate of 30 - 50 m3 of sand per hour (dependant upon depth), with 1.5 m3 made (2.0 m3 bucket) with each machine lift.
Giving a required lift rate of 2.4 mins.
A rate of 37 m3/hr (per rig) was achieved on HK Station box excavation. This was achieved with inadequate supervision
and and long breaks etc. The standard lift time was 3 mins.
Railways
Electrical System
Electrical System
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Railway Station 1st Fix
38.0
wks
Railway Station 2nd Fix
16.0
wks
Units
11/3/2014
Page 96 of 100
Railway Station T&C
8.0
wks
Cable Installation, 1 cable laid in trench and protect
6.2
m/hr
5.6
m/hr
4.3
m/hr
3.7
m/hr
3.5
m/hr
Cable Installation, 2 cable laid in trench and protect, 100mm dia
1.8
m/hr
1.6
m/hr
1.0
1.5
m/hr
0.7
1.2
m/hr
0.7
1.2
3.1
m/hr
0.2
m/hr
0.5
m/hr
1.3
m/hr
Floating Track Slab

Pre-cast concrete blocks that support standard steel tracks. They are used to reduce noise and vibration as the pre-cast
track slab blocks are placed on resin pads (4 no per unit), held in place by fixed side and end restraint blocks.
Side restraints, 0.8 m long, 12 no/day = 9.6 m/day
Resin pads, 10 no/day = 10.0 m/day
FST Units, 5 no/day = 10.0 m/day
The above rates were achieved with a 6 man team, but could have been be speeded up by 200 300 % if a works train
was available to hoist the units into place. The above was done with a "A" frame and chain hoist.
Trackwork
Trackwork...
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
9.6
m/day
FST Floating Track Slab, resin pads
10.2
m/day
FST Floating Track Slab, slab units
10.6
m/day
PCBT - Pre-cast Concrete Block Track, in Bored Tunnels
17.1
41.0
m/day
PCBT - Pre-cast Concrete Block Track, in Cut and Cover Tunnels
35.0
m/day
PCBT - Pre-cast Concrete Block Track, in Station Tunnels
35.0
m/day
IST - Isolated Slab Track, in Bored Tunnels
20.0
m/day
IST - Isolated Slab Track, in Cut and Cover Tunnels
34.0
m/day
IST - Isolated Slab Track, in Station
29.0
m/day
FST - Floating Slab Track, in Station
3.6
4.6
5.7
m/day
57.0
71.0
115.0
m/day
28.0
m/day
8.5
12.8
17.4
m/day
Embedded / Paved Track, in Depot
71.0
m/day
Heavy Maintenance / Train Wash Track, in Depot
29.0
m/day
Maintenance Pit, in Depot
52.0
m/day
Siding Trackwork, in Depot
38.0
m/day
FST Floating Track Slab, side restraints
Ballasted Track, in Mainline

Ballasted Track, in Depot
Non-Ballasted Track, in Depot
Units
11/3/2014
Page 97 of 100
Transportation Power Supply

Power Supply
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
AC Install 2 no Service transformers, 6 men
12.0
days
AC Install 2 no Switchgear, 7 men
12.0
days
AC Install Associated Trays and ladders, 3 men
11.0
5.0
days
AC Cable Terminations in Tx and SWG Rooms, 3 men
12.0
6.0
days
DC Install Insulated Flooring in DC Room, 1 men
5.0
days
DC Install 1 set Rectifier Transformer and Rectifier, 7 men
1.0
days
DC Install Switchgear, 7 men
10.0
days
DC Primary Cable Terminations and Busduct, 18 men
12.0
9.0
days
DC Secondary Cable Terminations and Connections, 9 men
12.0
6.0
days
2,100.0
m
run/day
1.0
days
Trackside Cabling 33kV/Pilot Cables, 10 men

Trackside Cabling Terminations, 6 men
Tunnelling & Mining

Tunnelling & Mining Production Rates & Build Times:
Chemical Excavation Methods

Rock Tunnels
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Units
Excavation, non explosive chemical method, cycle time
8.0
6.0
5.5
mins
Excavation, non explosive chemical method, Class I Granite
0.3
0.9
1.2
m3/cycle
Excavation, non explosive chemical method, Class II Granite
2.0
2.6
2.9
m3/cycle
Excavation, non explosive chemical method, Class III Granite
1.2
1.4
1.8
m3/cycle
Cone Fracture Rock Breakage

Penetrating Cone Fracture Rock Breakage.
Tradename of "SunBurst" from Australia. State of the art, non-explosive chemical rock breakage technology for close
proximity excavation applications in mining and civil engineering.
Explosive system, cycle time of 6 mins, giving 0.33 m3 each explosion.
A typical rate of 10 No cycles per hour, giving 3.3 m3/hr/rig.
However, tests have shown differing results...
Fresh granite of class 1 strength - One hole in the floor, yielding 0.15 m3 of rock. If more holes had been injected, a
yield of 0.5 - 1.0 m3 would be expected.
Moderately fresh igneous rock of class 2 strength - Three holes in a sloping trench, in adjacent locations, yielding 2.6
m3 of rock for each hole.
Moderately weathered volcanic rock of class 3 strength - Two holes in the floor, in separate locations, yielding 1.2 1.5 m3 of rock for each hole.
Cut and Cover Tunnels
11/3/2014
Page 98 of 100
Design Works
Drill & Blast Method
Headings & Hand Tunneling
Vertical Shafts
Vertical Shafts
Vent shaft 10 m dia, build 1 m/day, excavate at 80 m3/day
Vent shaft connecting tunnels 6m dia, build 0.75 m/day, excavate at 21 m3/day
Immersed & Sunken Tubes

In-Situ Tunnel Linings
Initial Tunnel Supports
Micro-Tunneling
New Austrian Tunneling Method
Permanent Bracings
Pipe & Box Jacking
Shield Tunnelling
TUNNELLING - NATM
Tunnel Advance Rates (m/day)
Tunnel In London Clay
ID < 7.0 m
2.5 - 3.0 m/day
ID 7.0 - 10.0 m
1.5 - 2.5 m/day
ID > 10.0 m
1.0 - 1.5 m/day
Tunnel In Woolwich &

Reading Beds
ID < 7.0 m
1.5 - 2.0 m/day
ID 7.0 - 10.0 m
1.5 m/day
ID > 10.0 m
1.0 m/day
Inclined Tunnels
ID < 7.0 m
2.0 m/day
ID 7.0 - 10.0 m
1.0 m/day
Vertical Shafts
ID < 9.0 m
1.5 m/day
ID 9.0 - 15.0 m
1.0 m/day
11/3/2014
Page 99 of 100
Circulation Halls
1 m of hall
circumference/day.
Excavation Of
Junctions
1 junction in 6 days =
0.17 m/day
Secondary Tunnel Lining Rates

Tunnels
ID < 6.5 m
2.5 m/day
ID > 6.5 m
2.0 m/day
Inclined Tunnels
ID < 6.0 m
2.0 m/day
ID > 6.0 m
1.5 m/day
Vertical Shafts
ID < 9.0 m
2.0 m/day
ID > 9.0 m
2.5 m/day
Circulation Halls
ID 11.0 m
2.0 m/day
Intermediate
Landings
With Columns
2.0 m/day and

individual tunnel
Without Columns 2.0 m/day

Junctions
1 junction in 4
days = 0.25
m/day
NATM Tunnels
Task / Description
Slow
Ave
Fast
Standard Advance Method, used on tunnels with max diameter
7.0
Half Face Advance Method, used on tunnels with max diameter
10.0
Double side Drift Advance Method, used on tunnels with

diameter over
10.0
Double side Drift Advance Method, used on tunnels with

diameter over
10.0
Excavation, London Clay, internal diameter under 7.0m
2.5
2.9
3.2
m/day
Excavation, London Clay, internal diameter 7.0-10.0m
1.5
2.0
2.5
m/day
Excavation, London Clay, internal diameter over 10.0m
1.0
1.3
1.5
m/day
Excavation, Woolwich/Reading Beds, internal diameter 2.0-7.0m
1.5
1.8
2.0
m/day
Excavation, Woolwich/Reading Beds, internal diameter

7.0-10.0m
1.5
m/day
Excavation, Woolwich/Reading Beds, internal diameter over

10.0m
1.0
1.5
m/day
Excavation, London Clay, Inclined Tunnels, diameter 2.0-7.0m
1.5
2.0
3.2
m/day
Excavation, London Clay, Inclined Tunnels, diameter 7.0-10.0m
0.5
1.0
2.2
m/day
Excavation, London Clay, Vertical Shafts, diameter 2.0-9.0m
1.0
1.5
2.2
m/day
Excavation, London Clay, Vertical Shafts, diameter 9.0-15.0m
0.5
1.0
2.6
m/day
Excavation, London Clay, Circulation Halls
0.8
1.0
1.2
m of
circumf/day
0.2
Mucking Capacity, 1 access with 2 crews
190.0
225.0
279.0
m3/day
255.0
300.0
366.0
m3/day
382.0
450.0
549.0
m3/day
Excavation, London Clay, Junction Excavation
Units
m/day
11/3/2014
Page 100 of 100
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Tunnels, diameter under 6.5m
2.1
2.5
2.8
m/day
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Tunnels, diameter over 6.5m
1.5
2.0
2.4
m/day
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Inclined Tunnels, diameter under

6.5m
1.5
2.0
2.3
m/day
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Inclined Tunnels, diameter over 6.5m
1.0
1.5
1.9
m/day
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Vertical Shafts, diameter under 6.5m
1.8
2.0
2.5
m/day
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Vertical Shafts, diameter over 6.5m
2.2
2.5
3.1
m/day
2.0
2.3
m/day
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Intermediate Landing Tunnels with

columns
1.7
2.0
2.1
m/day
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Intermediate Landing Tunnels

without columns
1.6
2.1
2.3
m/day
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Tunnel Junctions
0.2
0.3
m/day
Insitu Permanent Lining, 12m bays, 350-400mm reinforced with

PCV backing
8.4
12.0
m/day
Insitu Permanent Lining, extra over excavate/lining time to allow

for permanent lining
25.0
Excavate and Line Cycle Time , Running Tunnels
3.2
4.0
4.9
m/day
Excavate and Line Cycle Time, Station Access Adits
3.3
3.9
4.2
m/day
Excavate and Line Cycle Time, Concourse Tunnels
2.2
2.5
2.7
m/day
Excavate and Line Cycle Time, Escalator Tunnels
1.2
1.5
1.7
m/day
Sprayed Secondary Lining, Circulation Halls, diameter under

11.0m
Tunnel Boring Machines

Tunnel Grouting
Tunnel Leak Repairs
Water Management
Water Management Production Rates & Build Times:
Elevated Watercourse
Modification of an existing 6 m high elevated canal. Normal canal is 12 m in width, to allow single passing on
bridge/aqueduct structures, a 5.5 m minimum width is required. Normal depth of water is 1.3 m.
Some 4 number "V" shaped piers on 1,200 mm bored piles, each 20m deep, supported a central span of 40 m with 17 m
elevated "run on" section between the piers and ground abutments.
Overall length 75 m and 5.5 m wide water course and 3.5 m footways on each side. Clay dams were installed at each
end, canal was drained (fish removed !) with some 35,000 m3 of excavation removed.
Overall time period = 38 weeks
Construct new lock = 29 weeks
By accessing any further pages of this website you agree to be bound by our Planning Planet T&C's
Copyright 2013 Planning Planet - ( Run by Volunteer Planners for Planners ) - Contact Us
PPAdmin@planningplanet.com
Source URL: http://www.planningplanet.com/wiki/422384/rates-norms-durations
Links:
[1] http://www.pmlconstructionltd.co.uk/
11/3/2014

Productivity Rates-Downloaded From Planning Planet

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Productivity Rates-Downloaded From Planning Planet

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Page 1 of 100

Published on Planning Planet (http://www.planningplanet.com)

Rates, Norms & Durations

Support Steelwork Fabrication (4 bays) = 25 days

Simple Universal Beam Steel Bridge, erect support steel H frames

Simple Universal Beam Steel Bridge, erect 15m truss

Formwork & Bases

Wall Frame, Bow String Truss and Frame

Roof Frame, Curved Truss and Frame

Wall Frame, Glazed Frame and Atrium

Steel Frame and Roof Members

Building & Construction

Thermalite Blockwork, under 100mm thick

Thermalite Blockwork, under 100-150mm thick

Thermalite Blockwork, over 150mm thick

Lightweight Concrete Blockwork, under 100mm thick

Lightweight Concrete Blockwork, under 100-150mm thick

Lightweight Concrete Blockwork, over 150mm thick

Heavyweight Concrete Blockwork, under 100mm thick

Heavyweight Concrete Blockwork, under 100-150mm thick

Heavyweight Concrete Blockwork, over 150mm thick

Face Finish, Raked Out

Face Finish, Bag Rubbed

Face Finish, Flush Pointing

Vertical Glazed Lights, 6m x 2.5m

Vertical Glazed Walls, large scale

Oriel Window Frame/Glazing, 4m x 2m

Glazed Curtain Wall, First Fix

Glazed Curtain Wall, Second Fix

High Quality Glazed Curtain Walling

Holding Down Bolts Stanchion Bases

3.4 - 4.6 tonnes/day.

All Rates in Weeks...

Buildings Dept Approval

Roof Trusses 1.28 no/hr

Ceiling Joists 32.10 m/hr

Timber frame superstructure

Hip or valley up to 12m long 1 man a day

Roof Carcass, Common Rafters, under 3m

Roof Carcass, Common Rafters, 3-6mm

Roof Carcass, Common Rafters, over 6m

Roof Carcass, Jack Rafters, under 3m

Roof Carcass, Jack Rafters, 3-6mm

Roof Carcass, Purlins, under 3m

Roof Carcass, Purlins, 3-6mm

Roof Carcass, Purlins, over 6m

Roof Carcass, Binders, under 3m

Roof Carcass, Binders, 3-6mm

Roof Carcass, Binders, over 6m

Roof Carcass, Hangers, under 3m

Roof Carcass, Collars under 3m

Roof Carcass, Collars 3-m

Roof Soffits, Softwood, nailed

Roof Soffits, Softwood, screwed

Roof Soffits Asbestos, under 300mm nailed

Roof Soffits Asbestos, under 300mm screwed

Roof Soffits, Asbestos, over 300mm nailed

Roof Soffits, Asbestos, over 300mm screwed

Roof Facia Panels, Softwood

Roof Facia Panels, Asbestos

Roof Facia Panel Studding, nailed

Roof Facia Panel Studding, screwed

Roof Facia Panel Studding, bolted to beams

Roof Works, Fix Herringbone Strutting