7.

8 Hyperbolic Functions

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

Definitions
The hyperbolic cosine and hyperbolic sine functions are defined
by:

e x e x
sinh x
,
2

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

e x e x
cosh x
2

Definitions
The definitions of the hyperbolic tangent, cotangent, secant, and
cosecant are defined as:
sinh x e x e x
tanh x
x
,
x
cosh x e e
sech x

1
2
x
,
cosh x e e x

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

cosh x e x e x
coth x
x
sinh x e e x
csch x

1
2
x
sinh x e e x

Definitions

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

Example 1
e 0 e 0 0
a ) tanh 0 0 0 0
e e
2
e 0 e 0 1 1
b ) cosh 0

1
2
2
e 0 e 0 1 1
c ) sinh 0

0
2
2

ln 21

e ln 2 e ln 2 2 e
d ) cosh(ln 2)

2
2

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

1
25
2
4

Identities
1) cosh 2 x sinh 2 x 1
2) sinh 2x 2 sinh x cosh x
3) cosh 2x cosh 2 x sinh 2 x
4) cosh 2 x

2 cosh 2x 1
2

5) sinh 2 x

2 cosh 2x 1
2

6) tanh 2 x 1 sec h 2 x
7) coth 2 x 1 csch 2 x

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

Proofs for some Identities

1) cosh 2 x sinh 2 x 1
e x e x 2 e x e x 2
cosh x sinh x (
) (
)
2
2
2

e 2 x 2e x .e x e 2 x e 2 x 2e x .e x e 2 x

4
4
22

1
4

2) sinh 2x

2 sinh x cosh x

e x e x e x e x
2sinh x cosh x 2(
)(
)
2
2
2
(e 2 x e 0 e 0 e 2 x )
4
1 2x
[e e 2 x ] sinh 2x
2
M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

Derivatives and Integrals

d
1) Find
[sinh u ]
dx
d
d e u e u
1
du
du
[sinh u ]
[
] [e u . e u . ]
dx
dx
2
2
dx
dx
1
du
du
[e u e u ]
cosh u .
2
dx
dx

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

Derivatives and Integrals

2) Find

d
[csch u ]
dx
0 1.cosh u .

du
dx

d
d
1
[cschu ]
[
]
dx
dx sinh u
sinh 2 x
du
cosh u
cosh u 1 du
dx

sinh u sinh u
sinh u sinh u dx
du
coth u cschu
dx

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

Derivatives of Hyperbolic Functions

d
sinh x cosh x
dx
d
cosh x sinh x
dx
d
tanh x sech 2 x
dx

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

d
csch x csch x coth x
dx
d
sech x sech x tanh x
dx
d
coth x csch 2 x
dx

10

Integrals of Hyperbolic Functions

cosh x sinh x C
sinh x cosh x C
sech x tanh x C
csch x coth x csch x C
sech x tanh x sech x C
csch x coth x C
2

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

11

Example 2

Find

dy
if y coth 3sin x
dx

Solution:
dy

csc h 2 3sin x .3sin x .ln 3.cos x

dx

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

12

Example 3

dy
Find
if y sec h 2 (cos x )
dx

Solution:
dy

2sec h (cos x ).sec h (cos x ) tanh(cos x ).( sin x ).(

dx

1
)
2 x

1
sec h 2 (cos x ) tanh(cos x ).(sin x )
x

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

13

Example 4

Evaluate cosh 2 xdx

Solution:

cosh 2x 1
1 sinh 2x
dx [
x ]c
2
2
2
sinh 2x 1

x c
4
2

2
cosh
xdx

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

14

Example 5
Evaluate tanh xdx

Solution:
sinh x
tanh xdx cosh x dx ln | cosh | c ln(cosh) c

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

15

Example 6
Evaluate e sinh d

Solution:

2
e

e
1

e
sinh

[ 2 ]d 2 d
1
e 2
1
e 2
[
]c
c
2
2
2
4

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

16

Example 7
sec h 2 (ln t )
Evaluate
dt
t

Solution:
1
u ln t du dt
t
sec h 2 (ln t )
2
dt

sec
h
udu tanh u c tanh(ln t ) c
t

1
t

2
e ln t e ln t
t
1
t
ln t

c 2
c
ln t
1
e e
t 1
t
t

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

17

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

18

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

19

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

20

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

21

Derivatives of Hyperbolic Functions

1) Find

d
[sinh 1 x ]
dx

y sinh 1 x sinh y x
dy
dy
1
cosh y .
1

dx
dx cosh y
1

1 sinh 2 y

1
1 x 2

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

22

Derivatives of Hyperbolic Functions

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

23

Example 8

Find

dy
dx

if

y csch 1e

Solution:
dy
1
1

.e
dx e 1 e 2
1 e 2

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

24

Example 9

Find

dy
dx

if y sinh 1 (cschx ), x 0

Solution:
dy
1

. cschx coth x
2
dx
1 csch x
cschx coth x

cschx
2
coth x

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

25

Example 10
dy
Find
dx

if y ln(cosh x )

Solution:
dy
1

.sinh x tanh x
dx cosh x

M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

26

Example 11
Show that sinh 1 x ln( x x 2 1),

Solution:
Let y sinh 1 x sinh y x
e y e y

x e y e y 2x
2
e 2 y 1 2xe y e 2 y 2xe y 1 0
2x 4x 2 4
e
x x 2 1
2
y

Since e y is allways positive , then e y x x 2 1

y ln(x x 2 1)
M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

27

Example 12
1 1 x
Show that tanh x ln

2 1 x
1

x ( 1,1)

Solution:
Let y tanh 1 x tanh y x
e y e y
y
y
y
y
y

(
e

e
)
x

e
e e y
xe y xe y e y e y 0 e y (x 1) e y (x 1) 0
e 2 y (x 1) (x 1) 0 e 2 y (x 1) ( x 1)
1 x
1 x
2y
e
2 y ln(
)
1 x
1 x
1 1 x
y ln(
) ; x ( 1,1)
2 1 x
M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

28

Example 13
1 1 x 2
Show that se ch x ln

Solution:
2
sechy x
y
x
y
e e
2 e y
2e y
y
x 2y
x
y
y
e 1
e e e
1

x (0,1

2e y x (e 2 y 1) xe 2 y x xe 2 y 2e y x 0
2
2
2

4
x
1

x
ey

2x
x

1 1 x 2
1 1 x 2
Choose , e
y ln(
)
x
x
y

1 1 x 2
y ln(
) ; x (0,1]
x
M.Hamouri, Y.Shehadeh Calculus II 7.8 PPU

29