Ms.

Bail
!"# %&'( #))* #'++ +""* +'*),
!"#$%& ()*+$%& ,*$#*+$%& (-).+$%& /.0$%&
- Balancing
- Synilesis
Reaciions
- Decomposiiion
Reaciions
- Combusiion
Reaciions


- Single
Displacemeni
Reaciion
- Double
Displacemeni
Reaciion
- DD
Reaciion
Day :
- Piediciing
Pioducis
-Iniioduciion
io ile Mole
Unii
- Mole, Day :
- Sloii Quiz
on Clemical
Reaciions
Web Resources will be available on
http://msbaik.weebly.com/
Law of Conservation of mass/
Balancing Chemical Equations
Law of Conservation of
Mass
! In chemical reaction, the total
mass of reactants equals the
total mass of the product.

! The number of atoms before
and after the reaction, should
be the same!
! C(s) + O
2
(g) ! CO
2
(g)

Before: One C atom; Two O
atoms separately.
After: One C atom and Two O
atoms together in a carbon
dioxide molecule.
The subscript indicates the
number of atoms!
H
2
(g) + Cl
2
(g) ! HCl(g)
Number of Atoms
Before:
2 Hydrogen Atoms
2 Chlorine Atoms
After:
1 Chlorine Atom
1 Hydrogen Atom
! How can we balance the
equation?
H
2
(g) + Cl
2
(g) ! HCl(g) 2
Number of Atoms
Before:
2 Hydrogen Atoms
2 Chlorine Atoms
After:
2 Chlorine Atoms
2 Hydrogen Atoms
The coefficient in a chemical
equation applies to all the
atoms in the molecule.

2 HCI means that there are
two molecules of HCI.

!"#"$%&$' )*+",-$./ 0123.
! Wiiie ile sleleion equaiion
! Balance any meial aioms fisi. (Leave lydiogen and
oxygen foi laiei).
! Balance any polyaiomic ions (couni as a gioup.)
! Balance lydiogen and oxygen. (Siaii wiil ile one
ilai occuis in ile fewesi numbei.)
! Lasily, balance any elemenis iemaining. (ie: Cl
:
, Bi
:
)
! Clecl youi answei by couniing all ile aioms on ile
boil sides of ile equaiion.
-.+./0'/1 23.45+)(
Ex. i - Basic
Fe + O
:
Fe
:
O

( Fe + O
:
: Fe
:
O

Ex. : - Fiaciions
C
(
H
io
+ O
:
CO
:
+ H
:
O
C
(
H
io
+ i]: O
:
( CO
:
+ H
:
O
Ex. - Polyaiomics
Mg + HNO

H
:
+ Mg(NO

)
:
Mg + : HNO

H
:
+ Mg(NO

)
:

-.+./0'/1 23.45+)(
Example (
KOH + H

PO
(
K

PO
(
+ H
:
O
KOH + H

PO
(
K

PO
(
+ H
:
O
Example
C
:
H
6
+ O
:
H
:
O + CO
:

C
:
H
6
+ y]: O
:
H
:
O + : CO
:




67/%&)('( 8).09"/(
! Two moie elemenis oi compounds
combine io foim a new subsiance.

! Geneial Foimula: A + B ! AB
42"%,-$. 5632./

!*1%2 !" 3"#45*1%2 6 7
89:;
! "<0$*
Mg
(s)
+ O
:(g)
! MgO
(s)


!*1%2 6 3"#45*1%2 ! ="#0> >"5?")#$
Ca
(s)
+ Cl
:(g)
! CaCl
:(s)

3"#45*1%2 "<0$* 6 @
8
7
92;
! "<&%>0$
SO
(g)
+ H
:
O
(l)
! H
:
SO
((aq)


!*1%2 "<0$* 6 @
8
7
92;
! A%+* 9-&$."<0$*;
Li
:
O
(s)
+ H
:
O
(l)
! LiOH
(aq)


:;)<'09/1 6%.%)(=
Solids (s)
! !*1%2 "<0$*+
i.e. Li
:
O, Na
:
O, CaO,
Fe
:
O

! !*1%2 >%.A"#%1*+
i.e. ZnCO

, MgCO


Gases (g)
! 3"#45*1%2 "<0$*+
i.e. CO
:
, SO

, NO
:

H
:
O (wlen leaied)


Liquids (l)
H
:
O
Aqueous (aq)
! B0C)0$ +"2)10"#+
i.e. NaCl(aq)
! D>0$+
i.e. HCl, H
:
CO

! E%+*+
i.e. NaOH, LiOH
Oileis:
!""# %& '(%)&%*&+ &"
,'(-.)& +&%&( "/ ,'"-0)&+111

>)0"45"('9"/ 8).09"/(
! A clemical ieaciion in wlicl a compound
is biolen down inio iwo oi moie simplei
subsiances
! 2,,"+.&( "/ 34*&5(+.+ 6(%)&."*+7
! 89:%4+ +&%'&+ :.&5 ;0+& "*( '(%)&%*&
! <(*('%994 5(%& "' => 9.?5& .+ *((-(- &" @%#(
&5(+( '(%)&."*+ ?"
Geneial Equaiion:

AB A + B
>)0"45"('9"/ 8).09"/ ?75)(
FG E0#%.& >"5?")#$+ ! *2*5*#1+
CaCl
:(s)
! Ca
(s)
+ Cl
:(g)


8G D>0$+ ! #"#45*1%2 "<0$* 6 @879:;
@
8
H7
I
9%C; ! H7
8
9:; 6 @
8
7 9:;

IGE%+*+ 9-&$."<0$*+; ! 5*1%2 "<0$* 6 @
8
7
9:;

Mg(OH)
:(s)
! MgO
(s)
+ H
:
O
(g)


JG !*1%2 >%.A"#%1*+ ! 5*1%2 "<0$* 6 H78
9:;
Na
:
CO
(s)
! Na
:
O
(s)


+

CO
:(g)


KG !*1%2 -&$.":*# >%.A"#%1*+ ! 5*1%2 >%.A"#%1*+ 6 H7
89:;
6 @
8
7
9:;

LiHCO
(s)
! Li
:
CO
(s)
+ CO
:(g)
+ H
:
O
(g)



D >-*50>%2 .*%>10"# L01- "<&:*#G
FG H"5A)+10"# "M !*1%2+
Elemeni + Oxygen ! oxide + eneigy
A + O
:
! AO + Eneigy
:Mg + O
:
! :MgO + Eneigy
8G H"5A)+10"# "M @&$.">%.A"#+N
D2>"-"2+
CH
4
(g) + 2O
2
(g) ! CO
2
(g) + 2H
2
O(g)
+energy
- #$%&'( *"!+,-.( /0
1
&2+ 3
1
0

@&$.">%.A"#+ H
<
@
<
! IG O%.10%2N=#>"5?2*1* >"5A)+10"# occuis wlen
ileie is noi enougl oxygen io compleiely ieaci
wiil ile subsiance.
Geneial Examples:
ieacianis: alcolol ]lydiocaibon + 7
89:;
!
pioducis: H7
89:;
6 @
8
7
9:;
- )"@,9(&( combusiion
H7
9:;
6 @
8
7
9:;
- ,%'&.%9 combusiion
H
9+;
6 @
8
7
9:;
- .*)"@,9(&( combusiion

AA B/ *"& "&5(':.+( +,().C(-D %9:%4+ %++0@(
-!4*$.5. )"@E0+&."*1

P*#*.%2 Q<%5?2*+R

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
Q<FR O%.10%2 >"5A)+10"# "M $0>%.A"# 1*1.%-&$.0$* 9*1-%#*;R

H
8
@
J9:;
6 7
89:;

CO
(g)
+ H
2
O
(g)
CO
2(g)
+ H
2
O
(g)
complete combustion
CO
(g)
+ H
2
O
(g)
partial combustion
C
(s)
+ H
2
O
(g)
incomplete combustion
: :
@";) 23.45+)(
Ex. : H"5?2*1* combusiion of caibon
ieiialydiide (meilane) gas:

CH
((g)
+ O
:(g)

______________________________________
Ex. =#>"5?2*1* combusiion of meilanol:

CH

OH
(aq)
+ O
:(g)





CO
2(g)
+ H
2
O
(g)
complete combustion
CO
(g)
+ H
2
O
(g)
partial combustion
C
(s)
+ H
2
O
(g)
incomplete combustion
CO
2(g)
+ H
2
O
(g)

C
(s)
+ H
2
O
(g)

:
:
i]:
:
?.(*( %" A"45+)%)
! Balancing (woilsleei)
! Synilesis and Decomposiiion
Reaciion Piaciice (Oveilead
Sleei)
! Combusiion (P i:(, =iy, iS, iq,
:o)
! Texibool Reaciions Clapiei
Piaciice Quesiions