IB Precalculus

Unit 6: Trigonometric Equations and Identities

Challenge Problems (No Calculator)
A. Simplify.
1.
x
x
cot
2 cos 1+
. ( )( )
2 2
tan 1 sin 1
!.
x
x
2
tan 1
tan 2
+
". 2 cot 2 csc
#. x x x x sec 2 cos tan sin + 6. ( )
4
3
1
6
cos cos

+

$. ( )
5
2
1
3
sin sin

+

%. ( ) 2 tan cos sin

1
4
1
1
+
&. ( ) 3 tan cos cos
1
3
2
1
+ 1'.
( ) ( ) x x csc log sin log +
11. ( )
log
10 cos 1. ( )
3 ln ln
sin

e
1!. ( )
2 / 1 1
3 tan

1". ( ) a
a
log sin
1
B. Pro(e eac) identity.
1.
1 sec
tan
cos
1
1
2

= +
t
t
t
. x
x
x x
sin
sec 1
tan sin
=
+
+
!.

2
2
2
sin
1 csc
sin 1
=

".
A
A
A A
sec
tan 1
cos sin
+
= +
#.

tan 1
1
sin cos
cos

6.
( )



tan cot
sin cos
cos
=
+
$. 1 cot 2 cot cot 2
2
= %. 1
csc sec
cot tan
=
+
x x
x x
&. A
A
A
cot
2 cos 1
2 sin
=

1'.

2
tan
2 cos 1
2 cos 1
=
+

11. x
x x
sin 1
2
cos
2
sin
2
=

1.
( ) x x x 2 sin 2 cos 1 tan = +
1!. tan 2 cot 2 cot = 1".
x
x
x
2 cos
tan 1
tan 1
2
2
=
+

1#. x x x x 2 cos cos sin 4 4 sin = 16.

A
A A
A A
tan
2 sin cos
2 cos sin 1
=
+
+
1$. ( ) t t t t cos 5 cos 20 cos 16 5 cos
3 5
+ = 1%.
( ) ( )
2
cos cos
sin sin
v u v u
v u
+
=
1&.
( ) ( )
2
sin sin
sin cos
y x y x
y x
+
= '.

+
= +
2
cos
2
cos 2 cos cos
b a b a
b a
1.

+
=
2
sin
2
sin 2 cos cos
u v v u
v u
.

+
=
2
sin
2
cos 2 sin sin


!.
cot 2 cot 2 csc = +
".
x
x
sin 1
2 4
cos 2
2
=

#.
( ) ( ) x x x x x x tan sec cos sec cot tan = +
6.
( ) ( ) x x x x tan sin sec 1 cos 1 = +
$.
x
x x x
x x
2
2 2 2
2 2
cot
csc cot csc
csc sec

= %.
x
x
x
x
cos 1
cos 1
cos 1
sin
2
+

+
&.
( ) ( ) ( ) x x x tan log 2 2 cos 1 log 2 cos 1 log = +
*. Sol(e for x.
1. 0 ) cos( 2 3 = x . 0 2 5 cos = x
!. 0 cos sin 2 = x x ". 0 sin sin
2
= + x x
#.
3 5
3
1
tan =

x
6. x x sin 2 cos =
$. 1 sin 3 cos
2 2
= x x %. 0 cos cos tan = x x x
&. x x x cos sin 2 sin = 1'. 0 3 sin 3 cos 2
2
= + x x
11. 0 3 cos 2 cos
2
= + x x 1.
0 2 sin 2 cos
2
= + x x
1!. 0 3 sec 3 tan
2
= + x x 1".
0 tan cos = + x x
1#. x x e
x
cos cos = 16. 1
tan
=
x
e
1$. 0 sin 4 sin = + x x 1%.
4 2
csc
=
x
1&. ( ) 1 2 sin
2
=
x
'. ( ) x
6
cos 2 3

=
1. ( ) 3 sin 4
2
= x . x x tan 1 sec
2
+ =
!. ( ) ( ) 1 sin log cot log
2 2
= + x x ".
1 cos sin 4 = x x
#. x x
2
tan 3 3 tan 2 = 6.
1
cos 1
sin
=
+ x
x
$. ( ) x x sin 3 sin 2
6
=

%.
0 1 sin 3 cos 2
2
= + + x x
+. ,ollo- t)e instructions for eac) pro.lem.
1. ,ind t)e domain and range.
/a0
( ) x x y csc 10 ) ( =
/.0
x x x f 4 tan sin ) ( + =
/c0
( ) x t h sec ln ) ( =
/d0 5 ) (
cos
+ =

e x
. Suppose 2 tan
1
= u and 3 tan
1
= v .
/a0 S)o- t)at
( ) 1 tan = + v u
.
/.0E1plain -)y
4
3
= + v u
/c0 2ence3 deri(e t)e .eautiful equation = + +

3 tan 2 tan 1 tan
1 1 1
.
!. Suppose t)at ( )
3
1
ln sin = x 3 and t)at ( )
5
1
ln sin = y . If
2
ln 0

< < x and
2
ln 0

< < y 3 use t)e sine sum formula to e(aluate
( ) ( ) xy ln sin
". T)e cosine and sine triple4angle identities are gi(en .y
( ) cos 3 cos 4 3 cos
3
=
( )
3
sin 4 sin 3 3 sin =
/a0 Pro(e t)e cosine triple4angle identity.
/.0 Pro(e t)e sine triple4angle identity.
/c0 *onsider t)e polynomial function 1 6 8 ) (
3
= x x x y
/i0 S)o- t)at 20 cos is a 5ero of
) (x y
.
/ii0S)o- t)at
18
sin

is a 5ero of
2 ) ( + x y
.