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:ﺗﺤﻈﻰ ﺑـ ﻇﻬﺮت:ﺑﺮزت ، أﻧﺠﺰ، ﺣﻘﻖ، أﻋﻠﻦ، ﺻﺮح،ﻗﺎل ،ّ ﺗﻢ، ﺣﺪث:ﺟﺮى
Get, gain, enjoy appear, become ﺗﻮﺻّﻞ اﻟﻰ أﻓﺎد،ذآﺮ : ﺣﺼﻞ، ﻃﺮأ،وﻗﻊ
visible Achieve, reach To say, announce, Happen ﺟﺮى
declare, mention, ()ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ
report
expect ﺗﻨﺒﺄ،ﺗﻮﻗﻊ ، ﺁزر، دﻋﻢ،ﺳﺎﻧﺪ relate ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑـ declare أدﻟﻰ ﺑـ ، ﺗﺎﺑﻊ،اﺳﺘﺄﻧﻒ
to support أﻳّﺪ ، اﺳﺘﻤﺮ،أآﻤﻞ
ﺗﻮاﺻﻞ
، واﺻﻞ،
اﺳﺘﻜﻤﻞ
continue
still ﻻ ﻳﺰال -ﻣﻨﻲ ﺑـ )ﺧﺴﺎرة to اﻧﻀﻢ،اﻧﺘﺴﺐ reach, وﺻﻞ-ﺑﻠﻎ to ﻧﻮى،اﻋﺘﺰم
suffer (ﻓﺸﻞ join arrive plan, intend
ﺗﻌﻤّﻖ-ﺗﻜﺮّس re- أﻋﺎد رﺑﻂ bet راهﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ no ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻳﻘﻮم ﻋﻠﻰ
connect (verb but longer based on
used as prefix)
Arabic language and culture in the media – Hussein Maxos© 1996-2001
اﻟﺼﻔﺎت.2
Adjectives
cliché adjectives ﺻﻔﺎت ﺟﺎهﺰة-ﺻﻔﺎت ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ
You mention a noun, and its adjective comes automatically!
Cliché adjectives seem self-explanatory, but here are few notes for further clarification:
• These cliché adjectives are rarely used apart from the given expressions
below, particularly the adjectives written in italic. This means that these
adjectives cannot be considered normal common vocabulary and used in any
context. Some of these adjectives are not in the dictionaries at all. They are
part of their nouns that adds stronger impression.
• Notice that the most common forms of adjectives are ﺿﺎرﻳﺔ، ﻏﺎﻣﺮ،ﻓﺎﻋﻞ )ﺑﺎهﺮ
(اﻟﺦand( اﻟﺦ، ﻣﺮﻳﺮ، أﻟﻴﻢ،ﻓﻌﻴﻞ )ذرﻳﻊ
• Remember that in Arabic, adjectives come after their described nouns except
in few cases such as آﺒﻴﺮ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ – ﺳﺮﻳﻊ اﻟﺤﺮآﺔthen the noun must be
definite and the original noun or the subject is mentioned earlier or known
i.e. compare ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻃﻮﻳﻞand .ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﺠﺴﻢThis is normally
considered a literary style, but exists in the media as well.
• The plurals of these expressions are frequently used, so it is better to be
familiar with their singular and plural forms.
• Most of these expressions are familiar in Spoken Arabic as well, but among
intellectuals or in formal situations.
.3ﺻﻔﺎت Adjectives
اﻟﺮاهﻦ ،اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ، ﺑﻌﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﺪى: )اﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ( ﺣﺎﺳﻢ :ﻣﻬﻢ
present,اﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ،اﻟﺠﺎري ﻃﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻤﺪى، اﻟﻤﻄﺮوﺣﺔ: decisive
current ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪى ﻣﻌﺮوﺿﺔ
اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ/اﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ )ﻟﻠﻨﻘﺎش/ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ(
In the long
run
.4ﺟﻤﻞ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ
آﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ آﺎن= ﺑﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻻ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ= )هﺬا( ﻣﻦ
آﺄﻧﻪ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ )أن(،
ﻳﺴﺒﺐ
هﺎ هﻮ آﻮﻧﻪ= ﺑﻮﺻﻔﻪ ﻻ] ..ﻓﻘﻂ- ﻻ] ..ﻓﻘﻂ- ﻻ ..إﻻ ،
as (acting as, وﺣﺴﺐ[ ﺑﻞ وﺣﺴﺐ[ وإﻧﻤﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ..إﻻ= ﻓﻘﻂ
taking the role only
)of
ﺗﻤﺪ ﻳﺪ اﻟﻌﻮن: وﺿﻊ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑـ، ﺗﻨﺸﺐ ،ﺗﻨﺪﻟﻊ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺑﻌﻴﻦ
ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ help, ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ :اهﺘﻢ ﺑـ، ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺨﺺ، )ﺧﻼﻓﺎت، اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر – ﻻ
assist أﻋﻄﻰ أهﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟـ: ﺣﺮب( :ﺗﺒﺪأ- ﻳﻨﺴﻰ
ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻟـ concerning ﺗﺸﺘﻌﻞ
Arabic language and culture in the media – Hussein Maxos© 1996-2001
ﻻ ﻳﻜﺎد ..ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻴﺲ… ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻌﻴﺪة: ﻳﺘﻴﺢ اﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ – أﺿﻒ إﻟﻰ ذﻟﻚ
soon after..then ﺑﻞnot only..it : ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ near, ﻳﻔﺴﺢ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل In addition
is.. close –give a chance,
create the
opportunity
.5ﻋﺒﺎرات ﺧﺎﺻﺔ
ﻗﺪر اﻹﻣﻜﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ )أﺣﺪهﺎ( ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ أﺣﻮج ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن
ﺗﻠﻮ اﻵﺧﺮ اﻷﺷﻜﺎل، إﻟﻰ badly in
ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ أو need to
ﺑﺄﺧﺮى by one
way or another
أﺑﺮم اﺗﻔﺎقsign : ﺑﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺸﻞ: ﻣﻬﻤﺎ آﺎن no ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل :إذا in اآﺒﺮ ﻗﺪر ﻣﻤﻜﻦ
an agreement ﻓﺸﻞ matter what case, if as much as
possible
وﻷﻧﻪ...ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺒﻮق: ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﺼﺪد: ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ أآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ أي
ﻷول ﻣﺮة ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﻤﺠﺎل - اﻟﻮﻗﺖ :ﻓﻲ وﻗﺖ ﻣﻀﻰ:
unprecedented ﺑﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﺤﻴﻦ، أآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ
ﻓﻲ هﺬﻩ -ﺗﻠﻚ more than
اﻷﺛﻨﺎء ever before
ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﺮ أن ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ ﺳﻮاء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻔﺮوض، ﺑﻼ ﻃﺎﺋﻞ :ﺑﻼ ﺑﻐﺾ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ
It is expected to equally ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺮض ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ -ﺑﺪون ﻋﻦ :ﺑﺼﺮف
Supposedly هﺪف irrespective of
In vain
ﻣﻦ ﻗِﺒﻞ by ﻟﻴﺲ ..وإﻧﻤﺎ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ /ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ إﻟّﺎ :ﻓﻘﻂ ﺳﻮاء...أو =
including merely, just, أ...أم= ﺳﻮاء
only أ...أمeither..or :
أﻳﺎً آﺎن :آﺎﺋﻨﺎً ﻋﻤّﺎ :ﻋﻦ+ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﺪر ﻣﺎ ..ﺑﻘﺪر اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﺬي: اﻟﻌﻜﺲ هﻮ
ﻣﻦ آﺎن no about what ﻣﺎ the more.. اﻟﺸﻲ اﻟﺬي اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ on the
matter who the more contrary
ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪا ﺑـ ،ﻣﺎ اﻧﺪرج ﻓﻲ إﻃﺎر: ﻟﺌﻦ ،إذا ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ،
ﺟﻌﻞ ،ﻣﺎ دﻓﻊ ﻳﺼﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ/ﺟﻬﺔ
أﺧﺮىon the :
other hand
ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻓﻤﺎ أن…ﺣﺘﻰ: ﻓﻜﺎن آﻠﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺘﻨﺎول:
ﺑﺎﻟﺬآﺮ أن اﻟﻤﺒﺪأ :ﺑﺸﻜﻞ Soon after, ﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮ available,
It is worth ﻋﺎم immediately accessible
mentioning that In principle after
ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻘﺮر أن: ﻣﻦ أﺑﺮزهﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ: ﺑﺎدئ ذي ﺑﺪء: ﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ – رﻏﻢ
It is scheduled أهﻤﻬﺎ one of ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﻳﺔ، ذﻟﻚ although,
to the most In addition to ﻗﺒﻞ أي ﺷﻲء despite that
important first of all
ﺣﻤﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﺪ اﻷدﻧﻰ، ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ،ﻋﻦ وﺟّﻪ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ:
ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻗﻞ) the :ﺿﺪ( اﻟﺬي ،ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ،ﻋﺒﺮ ﺑﻌﺚ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ
Arabic language and culture in the media – Hussein Maxos© 1996-2001
.6آﻠﻤﺎت ﺧﺎﺻﺔ
ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ: ﻣﻊ أن :ﺑﺮﻏﻢ أن- versus إزاء – ﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ: إﺑﺎن :أﺛﻨﺎء ،ﺧﻼل:
ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ رﻏﻢ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ، during
ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ
subsequentl
y, finally, as
result,
consequentl
y
اﻧﻄﻼﻗًﺎ ﻧﻈﺮاً ﻟـ/اﻟﻰ، أﻳّﺎً آﺎن ،آﺎﺋﻨﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺷﻲء ﻣﺎ، إذ – إذ أﻧﻪ
ﻣﻦ ،ﺑﻨﺎءً ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ،ﻷن آﺎن ،أي ﺷﺨﺺ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺎ،
ﻋﻠﻰ: آﺎن ﻣﻜﺎن ﻣﺎ،
based on
ﺑﺼﺪد: ﻧﻈﻴﺮ – ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ in أﻧﺒﺎء – أﺧﺒﺎر ﺛﻤﺔ :هﻨﺎك، أﻣﺎ..ﻓـ concerning
ﺑﺸﺄن exchange/return هﻨﺎﻟﻚ،
concerning to/for ﺑﻌﺾ some,
there’s
ﻓﺘﺮة ،ﻣﺪة ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ،ﻋﺒﺮ: ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻞ=أوﺳﺎط=دو إﻟﻰ أن: ﺑﺤﻴﺚ in which
through, by اﺋﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ until
وﻓﻖ -وﻓﻘﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻴﺪ أنّ= ﻟﻜﻦ ،إﻻ ﻻﺳﻴّﻤﺎ= ﺑﻐﻴﺔ -ﺑﻬﺪف
ﻟـ =ﻃﺒﻘﺎً أنّ ،ﻏﻴﺮ أنّ، ﺧﺎﺻﺔً=
ﻟـ=ﺗﺒﻌﺎً ﻟـ: ﺳﻴّﻤﺎ
according
to
ﺗﻔﺎﻗﻢ، ﻟﻮ ﻻ -ﻟﻮﻻ أنّ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻔﻌﻞ ،ﺑﺴﺒﺐ
ﺻﺎر ﺿﻤﻨﻪincluding : ﻧﻘﻴﺾ-
أﺳﻮأ/أﺧﻄ ﺑﻌﻜﺲ
ر:
escalate
ذاﺗﻪ: ﺗﻜﺘﻞ=آﺘﻠﺔ=ﺗﺤﺎﻟ آﺎن ﺳـ )ﻳﺆدي ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻠﻮﻟﺔ ﺗﺪاﻋﻴﺎت=ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ=ﺁ
ﻧﻔﺴﻪ فalliance : اﻟﻰ( دون -ﻟﻤﻨﻊ: ﺛﺎرeffects, :
ﻟﺘﺠﻨﺐin : consequences
order to
avoid/preven
t
Arabic language and culture in the media – Hussein Maxos© 1996-2001
ﻣﻤﻦ: ﻟﺪى :ﻋﻨﺪ ،ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ أن: ﺳﺮﻋﺎن ﻣﺎ: ﺣﻴﺚ :ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻜﺎن
ﻣﻦ +ﻣﻦ You have to ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺬي ،ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ
Soon اﻟﺬي where, when
ﻋﻠﻰ أن: ﻓﻲ إﻃﺎر :ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﻌﺪل :ﻧﺴﺒﺔ، إﻻ أنّ -ﺑﻴﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ :إﻻ إذا
ﺑﺸﺮط، درﺟﺔ ،ﻣﺴﺘﻮى أنّ :ﻟﻜﻦ but unless
ﺷﺮﻳﻄﺔ
provided,
if, on the
condition
ﻣﻤﺎ: اﻟّﺎ :أن+ﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻬﺎ :ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻲ: اﻟﻤﻌﻤﻮرة :اﻷرض-
ﻣﻦ+ﻣﺎ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺘﻬﺎ – ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ، اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ
ﺟﻬﺘﻬﺎfrom their : ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ
part
ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ )ﻟـ( ،ﺑﺤﻜﻢ ،ﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ،أآﺜﺮ ،أﻏﻠﺐ أﻻ...؟ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ :ﺑﺪون
ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ،ﻧﻈﺮا ًﻟـ most of
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ )أن(: اﻟﻤﺼﺎب ﺑـ: و ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ: ﻟﺬا -ﻟﺬﻟﻚ -وﻟﻬﺬا:
ﻏﺮار :ﻣﺜﻞ ﻳﺠﺐ أن must, inflicted/suffering and vice ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺴﺒﺐ
should from versa therefore