TO BE

To be fiili her ne kadar szlk anlamyla olmak demekse de geni zamanda

kullanld zaman tam karl Trke de cins isimlerin sonuna gelen
-m-n-um-sn-sin-dr-dir-dur-iz-z-uz-siniz-sunuz
gibi eklerdir.
ngilizcede fiiller Trkedekinin aksine ,iinde nesne yada bir tmlr bulunan
cmlelerde nesneden nce kullanlrlar.Buna gre:
Aye elma soyuyor cmlesi Ingilizce mantnda Aye soyuyor bir elma olarak
karlk bulur.
To be fiili Ingilizce de istisna bir fiildir.Cmle ierisinde kullanlrken geni zamanda
grev yapyorsa ve cmlenin ana fiiliyse to be olarak deil ahs zamirlerine ya da
dier znelere gre deiim gstererek am,is,are olarak kullanlr.
I am Im
You are Youre
He is hes
She is shes
It is its
We are- were
You are youre
They aretheyre
A:bir ; daha ok herhangi bir anlamndadr. Sessiz harfle balayan cins isimlerden nce
kullanlr. A sculptor bir heykeltra
An:bir ; daha ok herhangi bir anlamndadr. Sesli harfle balayan cins isimlerden nce
kullanlr. An oleaster bir ide
S : ngilizcede ki oul ekidir. Trkede ki ler,-lar eklerinin grevini yapar.
A walnut bir ceviz walnuts cevizler
Ancak bu kurallar bozan baz istisnalar vardr. rn; niversite retmeni anlamna
gelen university teacher sesli harfle balamasna ramen telaffuz edilirken azdan
kan ilk harf sessiz olduu iin (y) an ile deil a ile kullanlr.
OLUMLU CMLE
He is a sculptor. O bir heykeltra tr.
1 2 3 4 1 3 4 2
I am a carpenter. Ben bir marangoz um .
1 2 3 4 1 3 4 2
They are plumbers. Onlar tesisat dr lar.
1 2 3 4 1 3 2 4
OLUMSUZ CMLE
Am (olumsuz)am not (ksaltma)amnt
Are (olumsuz)are not (ksaltma)arent
Jack is a waiter. Jack isnt a waiter. Jack bir garson deildir.
1 2 3 4 5 1 4 5 3 2
I am a sculptor I am not a sculptor. Ben bir heykeltra deilim.
I am Am I Are you gardener?(Sen bir bahvan msn?)
You are are You Yes, I am. / No ,I am not
He is is he
She is is she Is she a nurse?(O bir hemire mi?)
It is is it Yes, she is. / No, she isnt
We are- are we
You are are you Are they sculptors?(Onlar heykeltra m?)
They are are they Yes, they are. / No, they arent.
Oleaster : ide
Porter : hamal
Servant : uak
Composer : bestekar
Trainer : antrenr
Goal keeper : kaleci
centipede : krkayak
vulture : akbaba
carob bean : keiboynuzu
astrich : devekuu
carp : sazan
TRANSLATION
Ben bir hamal deilim. I am not a porter.
Biz uak deiliz. We arent a servant.
Sen antrenr msn? Are you a trainer?
O bir krkayak mdr? Is it a centipede?
O bir akbaba deildir. It isnt a vulture.
Biz kaleci deiliz. We arent goal keepers.
O bir bestekardr. He is a composer.
O bir ide mi? Is it an oleaster?
Onlar keiboynuzu mu? Are they carob beans?
Sen kaleci misin? Are you a goal keeper?
IDIOMS,EVERYDAY EXPRESSION,SLANG(deyimler,gnc el ifadeler,argo)
You are head off Sen kafay yemisin.
What isit to you? Sana ne?
Take good care of your self. kendine iyi bak.
Shiit! th ,kahretsin
Have a heart! insaf be!
Good for you Aferin
No comment yorum yok
Dig in! Yumul (yemee)
Shut up ! Kapat eneni!
Cheer up! Keyfine bak
Look to your manners Hareketlerine dikkat et
Who do you think you are Kim olduunu sanyorsun?
For my sake Hatrm iin
Never mind Hi kafana takma
Easy come easy go Haydan gelen huya gider
So far so good. imdiye kadar herey yolunda
Long time no see Uzun zamandr gremiyoruz.
(She) is not only fish in the sea Dnyada bir tek O kz m kald?
Oh .. really ! You look younger! Gerekten mi? Daha gen grnyorsun.
Only you understand me, but you understood wrong(ly) Beni bir sen anladn,sende
yanlanladn.
Good morning after supper Uyanda bala kalm.
Barking dogs seldom bite Havlayan kpek srmaz.
Spit it out kar azndaki baklay
Give me peace huzur ver
INTRODUCING(Tantma)
Possesive pronouns (iyelik zamirleri)
My : benim
Your : senin
His : onun (erkekler iin)
Her : onun (bayanler iin)
Its : onun (cansz ve hayvanlar iin)
Our : bizim
Your : sizin
Their : onlarn
Excuse me,(Im) sorry to trouble you. (Afedersiniz,Rahatsz ettiim iin zgnm.)
May I introduce my self? (Kendimi tantabilir miyim?)
My name is Neslihan.What is your name?
(Its) nice to meet you. / Pleased too meet you. / Glad to meet you (Tantma mutlu
oldum.)
me too
name : isim
surname , secondary name , family name : soyisim
What is your name ? / Are you Neslihan?
My name is Neslihan. / Its Neslihan.
GREETINES (selamlamalar)
Saying Hello and Good Bye
FORMAL(Resmi) INFORMAL(Resmi Olmayan,samimi)
Good morning Gnaydn Hello
Good afternoon yi leden sonralar Hi
Good evening yi akamlar Good night
Good night yi geceler Bye Gle gle,Allahasmarladk
Good Bye Gle gle,Allahasmarladk Good Bye
How do you do? Naslsnz? See you grrz
How are you ? Naslsnz
Fine thanks and you? yiyim teekkrler,siz naslsnz?
Not bad / Not too bad. Kt deil / ok kt deil.
What is the news? Ne haber?
How is it going? Nasl gidiyor?
Im ticking round a long Yuvarlanp gidiyorum.
ASKING WHERE PEOPLE ARE FROM (nsanlara nereli olduunu sormak)
Where nerede, nereye..
From ..den, ..dan
Where are you from? Nerelisin? Where is John from? He is from Italy.
I am from Turkey. Trkiyeliyim Where are they from?They are from Germany.
Wher abouts in Turkey? Trkiyenin neresinden?
From Istanbul. Istanbuldan.
Where do you come from ? I come from Turkey.
What is your nationality? / I am Turkish. (Trkm.)
ASKING PEOPLES AGES(nsanlarn yalarn sorma)
How old are you? Ka yandasn?
What is your age? Yan nedir?
I am thirty-two (years old).
How old are you? (Ka yandasn?)
I am twenty-four years old (24 yandaym)
How old is your son? (Olun ka yandadr?)
He is seven months old ( 7 aylk)
Railway station tren istasyonu
Subway metro
Lost property office kayp eya brosu
Town Hall Belediye binas
City Hall Valilik
Mental Hospital Akl Hastanesi
Fire Brigade tfaiye Binas
Military Museum Askeri Mze
Mosque : cami
Churc : Kilise
Pharmacy,Chemists Eczane
Police Station : Karakol
Prepositions (edatlar)
n inde
On stnde
Under altnda
At -da , -de
In front of nnde
Behind , in back of arkasnda
Opposite karsnda
Near yannda
Next to bitiiinde
Between arasnda
1) Benim kitaplarm benim antamn iindedir. My books are in my bag.
2) Kasem masann stndedir. My bowl is on the table.
3) Akbabam aacn altndadr. My vulture is under the tree.
4) Arabalar otoparktadr. The cars are at the carparc.
5) Kayp eya brosu karakolun arkasndadr. The lost property office is behind the
police station.
6) Valilik caminin karsndadr. The city hall is oppposite the Mosque.
7) Tren istasyonu itfaiyenin yanndadr. The railway station is near the fire brigade.
8) Belediye binas eczanenin bitiiindedir. The town hall is next to the pharmacy.
9) Koruma grevlisi cumhurbakannn nnde oturuyor. The bodyguard is sitting in
front of the president.
10) Askeri mze vilayetle polis karakolunun arasndadr. The military museum is
between the city hall and the police station.
11) Bilgisayar oturma odasndaki masann stndedir. The computer is on the table in
the living room.
12) Arabam askeri mzenin yanndaki otoparktadr. My car is at the carpark near
the military museum.
Apostroph s
Alis = Alinin
Alis car = Alinin arabas
Alis child = Alinin ocuu
Alis a child. = Ali bir ocuktur.
Mehmets computer = Mehmetin bilgisayar
Ahmets dog = Ahmetin kpei
My fathers car = Babamn arabas
My fathers friends car = Babamn arkadann arabas
Babamn arkadalarnn arabas = My fathers friends car.
Ahmet ve Mehmetin arabas = Ahmet and Mehmets car.
1.Babamn arabas kayp eya brosunun bitiiindeki otoparktadr.
My fathers car is at the car park next to the lost property office.
2.Kuzeninin bilgisayar oturma odasndaki masann stnde mi? (stnde midir?)
Is your cousins computer on the table in the living (sitting) room?
3.Jackin kz kardeinin arkadalarnn kpeinin tasmas nerede?
Sister = Kz karde
Collar = Tasma
Where is Jacks sisters friends dogs collar?
Who = kim
Who is jack? (Jack kimdir?) / He is my step brother.
Who is Steve? / He is Johns brothers classmate
Classmate = snf arkada
Workmate = i arkada
Who is Lucy? (Lucy kimdir?) / She is my sisters workmate. (O kz kardeimin i
arkadadr.)
Aadaki cmleleri trkeye eviriniz!
1_Is your brothers classmates uncles dog in the car at the car park behind the
mosque?
(Senin) Erkek kardeinin snf arkadann amcasnn kpei caminin arkasndaki
otoparkdaki arabann iinde mi?
2_Marys workmates nephews swimming pool isnt next to the Town Hall.
Marynin i arkadann erkek yeeninin yzme havuzu Belediye binasnn bitiiinde
deildir.
3_Where is Johns fathers centipedes step mother?
Johnun babasnn krkayann vey annesi nerede?
swimming pool = yzme havuzu
REGULAR PLURALS(dzenli oullar) IRREGULAR PLURALS(dzensiz oullar)
Bir kelime sonuna s almadan oul anlamndaysa
Singular(tekil) plural(oul) singular(tekil) plural(oul)
A medlar medlars child children
An oleaster oleasters man men
A mussel mussels woman women
A mushroom mushrooms wolf(kurt) wolves
A strawberry strawberryies leaf(yaprak) leaves
Loaf(somun) loaves
Medlar : mumul Tooth(di) teeth
Mussel : midye Foot(ayak) feet
Mushroom : mantar
Strawberry : ilek
Too : -de , -da (pekitirme anlamnda)
1) My father is retired my mother is retired,too. (Babam emeklidir,annemdeemeklidir.)
2) Ben isizim Sleyman da isiz. (I am unemployed Sleyman is unemployed, too)
3) Kzkardeimin deve kuu oturma odasndadr bykbabamn devekuu da oturma
odasndadr.
My sisters astrich is in the living room my grandfathers astrich is in the living
room,too.
4) Krkayamn vey kzkardei irkindir devekuumun kuzeni de irkindir.
My centipedes step sister is ugly my astrichs cousin is ugly , too.
Either : -de , -da (olumsuz cmlelerde kullanlyor.)
1) Im not normal my students arent normal,either.(Ben normal deilim rencilerim
de normal deil.)
2) Ben mkemmel deilim sen de mkemmel deilsin.(I am not perfect you arent
perfect,either.)
Aadaki boluklar too ya da either ile doldurun.
1)Jack is a sculptor John is a sculptor,..too.....
2)Marry isnt retired Lucy isnt retired ,.....either........
3)My father is dark I am dark ,.......too..........
4)I am from Paris my doctor is from Paris ,.......too...........
5)You arent mean I am not mean, ........either.............
YLE DEL M?
Olumlu cmlelerde
1) Jack is a waiter, isnt he? (Jack bir garson deil mi?)
2) The capital city of Turkey is Ankara, isnt it?(Trkiyenin bakenti Ankara deilmi?)
3) You are from Antalya, arent you? (Antalya dansn deil mi?)
4) I am very hat, arent I? (resmi durumda Am not I ?)(Ben ok imanm deil mi?)
Olumsuz cmlelerde
1)The prisident isnt very old, is she?(Cumhurbakan ok yal deil di mi?)
2)Your mother isnt retired, is she? (Annen emekli olmad di mi?)
3) Jack and John arent pilots,are they? (Jack ve John pilotlar di mi?)
4)The weather isnt cold , is it ? (Hava souk deil di mi?)
Amcamn krkayann krktane aya var. My uncles centipede has got forty feet.
I havent got a car. (Ben bir arabaya sahip deilim.)Benim bir arabam yok.
I havent got any cars. Benim hi arabam yok.
Jack hasnt got a child. Jackin bir ocou yok.
Jack hasnt got any children. Jackin hi ocou yok.
Kartalmn hi kanad yok. My eagle hasnt got any wings.
Any : any kelimesi hi anlamna gelir. Saylabilen nesnelerle kullanld zaman,bu
nesneler oul olarak kullanlrlar.
Have you got any children? (Hi ocuun var m?)
Yes ,I have / No, I havent
Have you got any brothers? (Hi erkek kardein var m?)
Yes ,I have / No, I havent
HOW MANY : KA TANE (Saylabilen Nesnelerle)
1) How many cars have you got? (Ka tane araban var?)/ I have got two cars.
2) How many brothers have you got? (Ka tane erkek kardein var?)/ I have got five
brothers.
3) How many sisters has Marry got? (Marrynin ka tane kzkardei var?) She has got 3
sisters.
favourite : favori
who : 1)kim 2)kimi,kime
whom: kimi,kime
whose : kimin
where : nerede
what : ne
why : niin
when : ne zaman
what time : ne zaman
how : nasl
how many : ka tane
how much : ne kadar
1. Who is your favourite singer? My favourite singer is Sezen Aksu.
2. What is your favourite football team? My favourite football team is F.B.
3. Who is your favourite footballer? My favourite footballer is Rt.
4. What is your favourite food? My favourite food is meatball. (meatball : kfte)
5. What is your favourite sport? My favourite sport is Javelin.
Javelin : cirit
High-jump : yksek atlama
Wrestling : gre
Discus : disk atmak
Pole-vault :srkla atlama
6. Who is your favourite columnist? My favourite columnist is Bekir Cokun.
THERE IS / THERE ARE
Vardr / ne vardr / nerde vardr
ngilizcede ther is yada there are biryerde bulunmak anlamnda var demektir. Bu tr
cmleler kullanlrken Trkedekinin aksine var ne var-nerede varsralamasdr.
THERE IS (theres)
A) Saylabilen varlklar iin birtane var derken kullanlr.
There is a vase on the table. (Masann zerinde bir vazo var)
Gardolapta bir battaniye var. There is a blanket in the wardrobe.
Masann zerinde bir tencere var. There is a saucepan on the table.
B) Saylamayan nesneler iin var derken kullanlr.
ienin iinde biraz brtlen suyu var. There is some blackberry juice in the bottle.
THERE ARE (therere)
Saylabilen nesneler iin birden fazla saylar kullanlarak (2,3,4.....) ok,yeterince,... var
derken kullanlr.
There are five medlars on the table. Masann zerinde 5 tane mumula var.
Kasenin iinde 7 tane dut var. There are seven mulberries in the bowl.
Masann zerinde 10 tane atal var. There are ten forks on the table.
Lime : hlamur
Sage tea : adaay
Butter : tereya
Enough : yeterince
11.09.2001 tuesday
THERE ISNT
A) Saylabilen varlklar iin birtane yok derken kullanlr.
There isnt a bowl on the table. Masann zerinde bir tane kase yok.
There isnt a jar in the fridge. Buzdolabnda bir kavonoz yok.
Gardolapta bir battaniye yok. There isnt a blanket in the wardrobe.
Oturma odasnda bir kltablas yok. There isnt an asthray in the living room.
B) Saylamayan nesneler iin yok derken kullanlr.
Bardakta hi hlamur yok. There isnt any lime in the glass.
Buzdolabnda hi tereya yok. There isnt any butter in the fridge.
THERE ARENT
Saylabilen nesneler iin yok,hi yok ya da birden fazla saylar kullanlarak yok derken
kullanlr.
There arent any forks on the table. Masann zerinde hi atal yok.
There arent enough chairs for the visitor. Misafirler iin yeterince sandalye yok.
Mutfakta hi tencere yok. There arent any saucepans in the kitchen.
Masann zerinde hi kltablas yok. There arent any ashtrays on the table.
IS THERE
a)Saylabilen nesneler iin bir tane var m?diye sorulurken kullanlr.
Is there a towel in the badroom? Yatak odasnda bir havlu var m?
Yes ,there is / No there isnt.
Buzdolabnda bir ie var m? Is there a bottle in the fridge?
b) Saylamayan nesneler iin var m? diye sorulurken kullanlr.
Buzdolabnda hi brtlen suyu var m ? Is there any blackberry juice in the fridge?
Kavanozda hi bal var m? Is there any honey in the jar?
ARE THERE
Saylabilen nesneler iin hi var m? Yeterince var m? Ya da birden fazla saylar
kullanlarak var m? diye sorulurken kullanlr.
Are there any spoons on the table? Masann zerinde hi kak var m?
(Yes,there are/No,there arent)
Banyoda hi musluk var m? Are there any taps in the bathroom?
(Yes,there is one/No there arent any)
Fill in the banks by using there is,there are,there isnt,there arent ,is there?,are there?
1) .......... a dish washer in the bathroom.(+)
2) .......... five chairs around the table.(+)
3) .......... any wather in the bottle.(-)
4) .......... a vase on the table.(-)
5) .......... any children in the class.(-)
6) .......... a lost property office in this city?
7) .......... any milk in the fridge?
8) .......... a museum near the post office?
9) .......... any trucks at the car park?
10) Ten forks on the table.(+)
How many : (saylabilenlerde) ne kadar
How many ashtrays are there on the table ? masann stnde ka tane kltablas var?
There are four asthrays on the table.
Fabrikada ka tane ii var? How many workers are there in the factory?
There are hundred workers in the factory.
stanbulda ka kii var? How many people are there in Istanbul?
There are fifteen million people in Istanbul.
How much : (saylamayanlarda) ne kadar
How much orange juice is there in the fridge? Buzdolabnda ne kadar portakal suyu
var?
There is a little orange juice in the fridge.
Evde ne kadar adaay var? How much sage tea is there at home?
asking and giving directions (adres sorma cevap verme)
over there : ileride
right : sa
on the right : sada
left : sol
on the left : solda
nearest: en yaknda
kalp1
Excuse me, Where is the nearest post office, please?( Afedersinz, en yakndaki postane
nerede ltfen?)
Its over there on the left. (ilerde,solda)
Thank you very much indeed. (iten ok teekkrler.)
Not at all. (birey deil.)
Excuse me, Where is the nearest police station, please?( Afedersinz, en yakndaki
karakol nerede ltfen?)
Its over there on the right. (ilerde,sada)
Thank you very much indeed. (iten ok teekkrler.)
Not at all. (birey deil.)
Excuse me, Where is the nearest lost property office, please?( Afedersinz, en yakndaki
kayp eya brosu nerede ltfen?)
Im sorry,I dont know.(zgnm,bilmiyorum.)
Thank you anyway. (yine de teekkrler.)
Not at all. (birey deil.)
Kalp2
Excuse me, Is there a cheap hotel near here?(Buralarda ucuz bir otel var m?)
Its over there on the left. (ilerde,solda)
Thank you very much indeed. (iten ok teekkrler.)
Not at all. (birey deil.)
Kalp3
How can I go(get) to the nearest bus stop?(En yakn otobs durana nasl gidebilirim?)
Its over there on the left. (ilerde,solda)
Thank you very much indeed. (iten ok teekkrler.)
Not at all. (birey deil.)
First : birinci,ilk
Second : ikinci
Third : nc
Floor : kat
A. Excuse me, Where is the nearest Bank, please?
B. Upstairs,on the first floor,the first door on the left.(merdivenlerden
yukar,birinci katta,soldan birinci kap.)
A.Thank you anyway. (yine de teekkrler.)
B. Not at all. (birey deil.)
A. Excuse me, Where is the nearest Restaurant, please?
B. Upstairs,on the second floor,the first door on the left.(merdivenlerden
yukar,ikinci katta,soldan birinci kap.)
A.Thank you very much indeed. (iten ok teekkrler.)
B. Not at all. (birey deil.)
Take : gir
Turn : dn
Go straight on : dz devam et
Go ahead : dosdoru git
Go along the street : cadde boyunca git
At the and of the street : caddenin sonunda
On the corner : kede
You will see a fork : bir atal greceksin
Take the first right : ilk saa gir
Take the second left : ikinci sola gir
Avenue : drt yol az
A.Excuse me, Where is the nearest Estate Agent, please?(En yakn emlak
nerede ltfen?)
B. Take the first right,go straight on for about a hundred meters,the second
left,its over there on the right,on the right opposite the Travel Agency.(ilk
sadan gir,100 m. Civarnda dmdz git,ikinci sada,ilerde sada,sada seyahat
ajansnn karsnda.)
A.Thank you very much indeed. (iten ok teekkrler.)
B.Not at all. (birey deil.)
A.Excuse me, Where is the nearest Lost Property Office, please?
B. Take the first left,go straight on about a hundred meters,the third left,iits
over there on the right opposite the fire brigade.(ilk soldan gir,yz m. Civarnda
dmdz git,3.solda,ilerde sada itfaiyenin karsnda.)
A.Thank you very much indeed. (iten ok teekkrler.)
B.Not at all. (birey deil.)
A.Excuse me, Where is the nearest Bank, please?
B.Take the first left,go straight on,the third right,its over there on the right
opposite the car park.
(ilk soldan gir,dmdz devam et,3. sada,ilerde sada otoparkn karsnda.)
A.Excuse me, Where is the nearest Library, please?
B.Take the first right,go straight on,the second right,its over there on the right
opposite the post office.
A.Excuse me, Where is the nearest Mosque, please?
B.Take the firs left,go straight on,the second right,its over there on the right
opposite the museum.
Cross the Victory Street : Victory caddesini ge
Go along the street : cadde boyunca yr
Thats Peaces Streett,you will see the traffic lights . (O huzur caddesi,trafik
klarn greceksin)
Just near the traffic lights : tam trafik klarnn yan
Im stranger here myself : Buralarn yabancsym.
Kalp
Take the (first) turning onyour (left) : solundaki ilk dnten gir.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE(GEN ZAMAN)
FREQUENCY ADVERBS(sklk zarflar)
always : daima,her zaman
usually : genellikle
generally : genellikle
frequently : sk sk
often : sk sk
sometimes : bazen
occasionally : ara sra
seldom : nadiren
rarely : ok seyrek
scarcely : ok seyrek
hardly ever : neredeyse hi
never : asla,hi
on Mondays : pazartesi gnleri
in May(s) : Mayslar
at the weekands : hafta sonlar
in the morning(s) : sabahlar
in the aftternoon(s) : leden sonralar
in the evening(s) : akamlar
at noon(s) : leleri
at night(s) : geceleri
everyday : hergn
everyweek : herhafta
once : bir kez
once a week : haftada bir kez
every other day : gn ar
every six months : alt ayda bir
every three weeks : her haftada bir
twice : iki kez
twice a week : haftada iki kez
three times : kez
three times a day : gnde kez
OLUMLU CMLE
I verb
You
He a) son harfleri ch,-sh,-o,-x,-s ile biten fiiller geni zaman,olumlu
She verb + s cmle 3.tekil ahslarla kullanlacaklar zaman es taks alrlar.
It brush + s brushes
b)bir sessiz ve hemen ardndan y ile biten fiillerde y der yerine i geldikten sonra es
taks alr.
study + s studies
We
You verb
They
1.I .............. my tiger in my free time.(tickle) Bo zamanlarmda kaplanm gdklarm.
2.Jack .............. his lions tail in the mornings.(pull)Jack sabahlar aslannn kuyruunu
eker.
3.My son ..............his centipedes feet twice a day.(count) Olum krkayan gnde iki
kez besler.
4.Mary .............. her crocodiles teet everyday.(brush) Mary timsahnn dierini hergn
fralar.
5.We always .............. with our turtlle.(run) Biz daima kaplmbaamzla koarz.
6.Yunus .............. his dolphin everyday.(feed) Yunus hergn yunusunu besler.
7.My father .............. in London.(live) Babam Londrada yaar.
8.I sometimes .............. with Cindy.(dance) Ben bazen Cindy ile dans ederim.
9.My grandfather .............. at night.(snore) bykbabam geceleri horlar.
10.We .............. backgammon at the weekends.(play)biz haftasonlar tavla oynarz.
11.My neighbour .............. at night.(drum) komum geceleri davul alar.
(tickle,pulls,counts,brushes,r un,feeds,lives,dance,snores,pl ay,drums)
SORU CMLES
Do I *What do you do at the weekends?(haftasonlar ne yaparsn?)
You I go fishing with my son. (olumla bala giderim.)
Does He *Do you get up early in the mornings?(sabahlar erken kalkarmsn?)
She verb Yes ,I do / No, I dont
It
we
do you
they
Babakan hergn gvercinlerini besler mi? Does the prime minister feed his pigeons
everyday?
Yes , He does. / No, He doesnt.
Fill in the blanks by using the given verbs in Simple Present
1.John sometimes ........... the ducks.(feed)(+) John bazebn rdekleri besler
2.Mary and I usually .......... in the mornings.(run)(+) Mary ve ben sabahlar genellikle
koarz.
3.Steve .......... on Sundays.(work)(-)Steve Pazar gnleri almaz.
4.We .......... anybody in the elections.(vote)(-)Seimde kimseye oy vermeyiz.
5. ..... You ........ your lynx at the weekends?(tickle)Sen vaan haftasonlar gdklar
msn?
6.How often .......... You .......... to the cinema?(go)Hangi sklkta sinemaya gidersin?
7.My brother .......... tong in front of the Mental Hospital.(sell)kardeim akl
hastanesinin nnde maa satar.
8. Where .......... You .......... ? (live) Nerede yaarsn?
9. Steve never .......... Physics.(study) Steve asla fizik almaz.
10. How .......... your son go to scholl?(go) Olun okula nasl gider?
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
(feeds,run,doesnt work,dont vote,tickle,do-go,sells,do-live,studies,does,make,postpon
es,doesnt do,dont wash,looks,play,dont do,works,do,studies)
NOTE
Who ngilizcede Whomun da grevini yaparak kim anlamnn haricinde kimi,kime
kelimelerinin de anlamn stlenir.
Who soru kelimesinin kim anlamn geldii durmlarda zne belli olamyacandan ,
whodan sonra does-do kullanlamaz. Byle bir cmle olumlu dz cmleymi gibi
dnlr. Who cmlenin znesiyi gibi bir yap oluturulur. Tekil zne olarak kabul
edilir. Kendisinden sonra hemen fiil gelir. Fiil s taks alr.
*Who works in your family? Ailende kim alr?
Ancak who kelimesinin kimi ya da kime anlamlarna geldii durumlarda zne belli
olacandan normal soru cmle yaps oluturulur.
*Who do you visit at the weekends? haftasonlar kimi ziyaret edersiniz?
Nerede yaarsn? Where do you live? (I live in Istanbul)
Nerede alrsn? Where do you work? (I work in EMI)
e nasl gidersin? How do you go to work? (I go to work by bus.)
Bo zamanlarnda ne yaparsn? What do you do in your free time?
Ne kadar sk sinemaya gidersin? How often do you go to the cinema?
WHAT KIND OF.......?
What kind of books do you read? (Ne tr kitap okursun?)
I read novels.(Roman okurum.)
What kind of films do you watch? (Ne tr filmler seyredersin?)
I watch adventure films(macera) / horror(korku)/science-fiction(bilim-kurgu)/actions
What kind of programs do you like? (Ne tr programlar seversin?)
I like documentaries(belgesel) / tv series(tv dizileri)/ news(haberler)
What kind of music dou yuo like? (Ne tr mzik seversin?)
I like classical music/ jazz/rock/pop/folk music
What kind of sports do you like? (Ne tr sporlar seversin?)
I like team sports(takm sporlar)/water sports(su sporlar)/wrestling(gre)/pole-
vault(srkla atlama)/javelin(cit atma)/ice-skating(buz pateni)/weight-lifting(halter)
What kind of people do you like? (Ne tr insanlardan olanrsn?)
I like brave(cesur)/easy-going(uysal)/hard working(alkan)/bust(akszl)/honest
(drst)
What kind of food do you like? (Ne tr yemeklerden holanrsn?)
I like sea food(deniz rnleri) / meat (et)/ vegetables(sebze) / desserts (tatl)
20.09.2001THURSDAY
DAYS MONTHS SEASONS(mevsimler)
Monday January Spring : ilkbahar
Tuesday February Summer : yaz
Wednesday March Autumn,Fall : sonbahar
Thursday April Winter : k
Friday May
Saturday June
Sunday July
August
September
October
November
December
LIKE (Hobi olarak severim)
I like cartoons
My brother likes tennis
I like swimming.
(Yzmeyi severim)
Mary likes cooking.
(Mary yemek piirmeyi sever)
My father likes playing backgammon very much.
(Babam tavla oynamay ok sever)
I quite like travelling.
(Ben seyahat etmeyi olduka severim)
I dont like cooking.
(Yemek piirmeyi sevmem)
at all = Hi (cmleyi olumsuz yapmaz.)
I dont like singing songs at all.
(ark sylemeyi hi sevmem)
My mother doesnt like gossipping at all.
Annem dedikodu yapmay hi sevmez.
Do you like playing tennis?
Tenis oynamay severmisin?
OBJECT PRONOUNS(zamirler)
ME :beni,bana
YOU :seni,sana
HIM Onu,ona
HER Onu,ona
IT Onu,ona
US :bizi,bize
YOU :sizi,size
THEM : onu,onlara
Dou you like travelling?
Yes,I do / No, I dont
Yes ,I quit like it.(Evet ben onu olduka severim)
Yes ,I like it very much / No ,I dont like it at all.
Do you like shoping?
Yes ,I do / No ,I dont.
Do you like playing football?
Yes ,I do / No ,I dont.
Do you like walking by the sea under the moonlight by singing songs?(Deniz kenarnda
ay altnda ark syleyerek yrmeyi sever misin?)
By : kendisinden sonraki kelimeye ing getiriyorsa arak,-erek anlamn katar.
Saat ka?
What time is it?
Whats the time?
(Have you) got the time? (Samimi ortamlarda)
New Words:yeni kelimeler
Half = yarm, buuk
Quarter = eyrek
Past= geiyor
To = var
Tam Saatler:
Its nine oclock (Saat 9)
Buuk Saatler:
Its half past eight. (saat sekiz buuk)
eyrek geiyor:
It a quarter past ten. (saat 10 u eyrek geiyor)
eyrek var:
Its a quarter to six. (Saat 6ya eyrek var)
......geiyor
Its five past eleven (Saat 11i 5 geiyor)
.........var
Its twenty-five to six. (Saat 6 ya 25 var)
It eleven oclock. (Saat 11)
Its half past nine. (saat 9:30)
Its seven (Saat 7)
Its half past two (Saat 2:30)
Its half past five (Saat 5:30)
Its eight oclock (Saat 8)
Its a quarter past eleven (saat 11i eyrek geiyor)
Its a quarter to four (saat 4e eyrek var)
Its twenty-five to seven (saat 7ye 25 var)
Its ten to twelve (12ye 10 var)
Digital:
11:30 eleven thirty
22:55 twenty-two fifty-five
12:45 twelve forty-five
19:15 nineteen fifteen
Saat 7 de kalkarm. I get up at seven oclock .
Babam saat 9da eve gelir. My father gets home at nine oclock.
Ben saat 9da ie balarm. I start work at nine oclock.
Ben saat 9da ii brakrm. I stop work at nine oclock.
From : den,dan
Untill,till : .. e kadar
I work from seven a.m. until five p.m. Ben saat 7den 5e kadar alrm.
Babam sabah 9dan akam 8e kadar alr. My father work from nine a.m. until
eight p.m.
Sabah 5ten gece 11e kadar alrm. I work from five a.m. until eleven p.m.
24.09.2001 monday
FEELINGS (HSLER)
To be hungry = a olmak
To be thirsty = Susam olmak
To be happy = Mutlu olmak
To be unhappy = Mutsuz olmak
To be hot = Scaklam olmak
To be cold = m olmak
To be tired = Yorgun olmak
To be busy = Megul olmak
To be ill = Hasta olmak
To be angry = Kzgn olmak
WHEN
1_Ne zaman
2__dii zaman, _ken anlamlar var.
When I am hungry, I eat ten humbergers = I eat ten humbergers when I am hungry.
(Ben aktm zaman, 10 hamburger yerim)
When I am tired, I go to bed early = I go to bed early when I am tired.
(Yorgun olduum zaman, yataa erken giderim)
When my sister is happy, she sings songs. = My sister sings songs when my sister is
happy.
(Kz kardeim mutluyken, arklar syler.)
To be bored = Sklm olmak
Somewhere = Bir yerler
Bomb = Bombalamak
When America is bored, it bombs somewhere = America bombs somewhere when it is
bored.
(Amerika skld zaman bir yerleri bombalar.)
When I am bored, I tickle my tiger = I tickle my tiger when I am bored.
(Ben skldm zaman kaplanm gdklarm)
What do you do when you are bored?
(Skldn zaman ne yaparsn?)
When my grandfather is ill, he doesnt go to doctor.
(Dedem hasta olduu zaman, doktora gitmez.)
take / have a shower = Du almak.
Take / have a bath = Banyo yapmak
When I am hot, I have a shower.(Scakladm zaman, du alrm)
25.09.2001 tuesday
look : 1. bakmak, 2. grnmek
like : 1. holanmak , 2. gibi
look like : gibi grnmek, benzemek
they all : hepsi
I look like my mother. (Ben anneme benzerim)
She lookes like her mother. (O annesine benziyor.)
He lookes very like his father. (O babasna ok benzer.)
I look like my father but I have got my mothers personality.(Babama benzerim ama
annemin karakterine sahibim.)
They all look like their mother except John.(John hari hepsi annelerine benziyor.)
Who do you look like? (Kime benzersin?)
He has got his fathers blue eyes. (Babasnn mavi gzlerine sahip.)
Babamn mkemmel zekasn almm. I have got my fathers perfect intelligence.
Onun kvrck salar var. He has got curly hair.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE
NOTE
ng. imdiki zaman Trkede de olduu gibi inglizcede de hem konuma annda ceryan
eden fiiller iin (bahvan iekleri suluyor), hem de gelecekte meydana gelecek fiiller
iin kullanlr. (Halam yarn Antalyadan geliyor)
ng. imdiki zaman kavram yine trkede de olduu gibi konuma annda olmasada,
geici bir sre iin devam eden fiiller iin kullanlabilir.
(Ali Ankaraya gitti. Ablasyla kalyor.) Bu tensede ska kullanlan zaman zarflar:
Time Adverbs:
now = imdi
at the moment = u anda
right now = hemen imdi
today = bugn
Olumlu Dz Cmle:
I am
You are
He
She is Verb + ing
It
We
You are
They
a) tek e ile biten fiiller _ing taks alacaklar zaman e harfi der daha sonra _ing
taks kullanlr.
Write + ing = writing
b) i ve hemen ardndan e harfleriyle biten fiiller _ing taks alacaklar zaman ie
der yerine y gelir. Daha sonra _ing taks kullanlr.
Tie + ing = tying
c) Son heceleri ortada bir sesli etrafnda iki sessiz harften oluan fiiller genellikle _ing
taks alacaklar zaman son harf leri tekrar edilir. Daha sonra _ing taks kullanlr.
Run + ing = running
Travel + ing = travelling
Swim + ing = swimming
My grandfather is grating the carrots at the moment.(Byk babam uanda havular
rendeliyor.)
Everybody is crying for my grandfathers death.(Herkes byk babamn lm iin
alyor)
well = iyi (fiilleri nitelendirir)
follow = takip etmek
Rt is playing very well today.
(Rt bugun gzel oynuyor)
Birisi beni takip ediyor.) Somebody is following me.
Your dog is chasing someone.(Kpein birisini kovalyor.)
bird = Ku
Listen! The birds are singing a song.
(Dinle! kular ark sylyor.)
Olumsuz Cmle:
I amnot
You arent
He
She isnt Verb + ing
It
We
You arent
They
Soru Cmlesi:
am I
are You
He
s She Verb + ing
It
We
AreYou
They
Why are you crying, dear?(Niin alyorsun? Canm)
Im grating the onions.(Soan rendeliyorum)
Where are the children playing?(ocuklar nerde oynuyorlar?)
Are you doing anything this evening?(Bu akam bir ey yapyormusun?)
beautifully(zarf) = gzel
Sezen isnt singing beautifully today.(Sezen bugn gzel ark sylemiyor.)
rain = Yamur, yamur yamak
The weather isnt raining today.Bugn yamur yamyor
Fight = Kavga etmek
They arent fighting, they are dancing.
(Onlar kavga etmiyorlar, dans ediyorlar)
The boss isnt laughing today. (Bugn patron glmyor)
What is your mother cooking this evening?(Annen bu akam ne piiriyor.)
Exercises:
Simple Present Or Present Progressive:
Unfortunately = Ne yazk ki
Crawl = Emeklemek
Govern = Ynetmek
go around = Etrafnda dnmek
rise = Ykselmek (dogmak)
celebrate = Kutlamak
happiness = Mutluluk
parakeet monkey = Maymun
budgie muhabbet kuu flea = pire
budgiar mean = Cimri
love bird
1.Hey John! Our baby....is crawling...(crawl)(+)
2.Unfortunately, America ........governs....this world (govern)(+)
3.The moon ........goes around........the earth (go around)(+)
4.My son.........doesnt do....................his homework on time. (do)(-)
5.Look! The sun..............is rising................(rise)(+)
6.Listen! The birds......are celebrating..our happiness (celebrate)(+)
7.How often ....do.....you..feed..........your love bird? (feed) (+)
8.Nobody.......likes.............mean people (like)(+)
9....Do..........you sometimes ....count...........your problems? (count) (+)
10.My sister ..is cleaning...her monkeys fleas at the moment.(clean)(+)
27.09.2001 Thursday
Adm John. Marangozum. Krk yedi yandaym. Evliyim. ocuum var. Onlarn isimleri;
Steve, Lucy ve jack. Londrada yayorum. Sabahlar yedi de kalkarm. Eimde sabahlar
yedide kalkar. Kalkar kalkmaz yzm ykarm ve daha sonra kahvaltm ederim. e otobsle
gidiyorum. Sabah dokuzdan akam yediye kadar alrm. Bo zamanlarmda kitap okurum.
Fakat eim asla kitap okumaz. O genellikle belgesel seyreder. Aslnda ben de belgesel
seyretmeyi ok severim. Bazen ocuklarm beni ziyaret eder. Steve Manchesterda yayor.
Onun iki kz var. O megul olmad zamanlar ocuklaryla beraber bizi ziyaret eder. Eim
torunlarn ok sever. Bu yzden onlara sk sk hikayeler anlatr. Stevein ei ok iyi gitar
alar. Onlar bizi ziyaret ettikleri zaman gece yarsna kadar arklar syleriz.
As soon as = (Kendisinden sonraki cm.) ....er ...mez anlam katar.
Actually = aslnda
In fact = Aslnda
So = Bu yzden
My name is Steve. Im fifty years old. Im divorced. I get up very early in the mornings. As
soon as I get up, I tickle my tiger for Five minutes. My tiger is very patient. After that I wash
my bald ibis and then I eat my breakfast. After that I count my centipedes feet. Im a very
happy man. I sell tongs at night. Im very famous everywhere for example the policemen in
Istanbul know me very well. They sometimes buy tongs from me. When they buy tongs, they
laugh very much. I dont know why. Everybody knows me. Im very famous in Perpa, too.
Everybody thinks that Im a teacher. I dont know why. Im very happy.Im very famous in
Bakrkoy, too.
LOOK :
1_Bakmak anlamndayken ing alabilir.
Everbody is looking out of the window.
(Herkes pencereden dar doru bakyor)
2_Grnmek anlamndayken ing alamaz.
You look very beautiful today.
(Bugn ok gzel grnyorsun.)
Note:
Yukardaki listede yanlarna * iareti konmu fiiller baz anlamlaryla ing taks
alabilirler. Baz anlamlaryla alamazlar.
Buradaki ortak zellik istem d olan fiillerin ing taks ALAMAMALARIDIR.
TASTE:
1_Tadna Bakmak anlamndayken ing taks alabilir
The bear is tasting the pears.
(Ay armutlarn tadna bakyor)
2_Tad vermek anlamnda ing taks alamaz.
The ice cream tastes very delicious
(Dondurma ok lezzetli tat veriyor)
SMELL:
1_koklamak anlamndayken ing alabilir
The children are smelling the flowers in the garden.
(ocuklar bahedeki iekleri kokluyorlar)
2_Kokmak anlamndayken ing taks alamaz.
Your new perfume smells like spring flowers.
(Yeni parfmn ilk bahar iekleri gibi kokuyor)
to be asleep = Uykuda olmak
APPEAR:
1_grnmek anlamndayken ing taks alamaz.
He appears to be asleep.
(O uykuda grnyor)
2_sahnede grnmek anlamnda ing alabilir.
The actor is appearing on the stage.
(Aktr sahnede grnyor)
fur = ty (kedi, kopek vs..)
FEEL:
1_Dokunmak anlamnda ing alabilir.
Im feeling the cats fur.
(Kedinin tylerine dokunuyorum)
2_Hissi vermek anlamnda ing almaz.
The cats fur feels soft.
(kedinin ty yumuaklk hissi veriyor)
THINK:
1_Zannetmek, sanmak anlamndayken ing almaz.
I think she is a spy.
(Onun bir ajan olduunu sanyorum)
2_Dnmek anlamndayken ing alabilir.
Question = soru, sorun
I asked a question to Mary. She is thinking about it.
(Marye bir soru sordum. O onun hakknda dnyor)
HAVE:
1_Sahip olmak anlamndayken ing almaz.
Ive got a very shy tiger.
(ok utanga bir kaplanm var.)
2_Yemek yemek anlamndayken ing alabilir.
My tiger is having the cow in the bathroom.
(Kaplanm inei banyoda yiyor.)
WEIGH:
1_Arlk etmek anlamndayken ing almaz.
My centipede weighs two grams.
(Krk ayam 2 gram geliyor)
2_Tartmak anlamndayken ing alabilir.
The greengrocer is weighing the watermelons.
(Manav karpuzlar tartyor)
SEE:
1_Grmek anlamndayken ing almaz.
Do you see the fly?
(Sinei gryormusun?)
2_Grmek anlamndayken ing alabilir.
My father is seeing his lawyer.
(Babam avukatyla gryor)
BE:
1_Olmak anlamndayken ing almaz.
My father is an animal lover.
(Babam bir hayvan severdir)
2_Yaplan bir fiilden dolay geici olarak bir sfat tamak anlamndayken yani ....lk
lik etmek anlamndayken ing alabilir.
My son is cutting the tigers tail. He is being foolish (fool).
(Olum kaplann kuyruunu kesiyor. O aptallk ediyor.)
01.10.2001 Monday
SHOPPING (Buying Clothes)
A_May I help you?
(Size yardmc olabilirmiyim?)
B_Im just looking
(Sadece bakyorum)
B_Can I look around?
(Etrafa bakabilirmiyim?)
B_Im looking for a sweater. Have you got anything in blue?
(Bir kazak aryordum. Mavi bir eyiniz varm?)
A_Yes, heres a lovely one in blue.
(te gzel mavi bir ey)
B_Can I try it on?
(Onu deneyebilirmiyim?)
A_Of course. (Tabiiki elbette)
B_It doesnt fit me. Have you got a larger size?
(O bana uymad (uymuyor) Daha byk bir bedeniniz varm?)
A_What size? (Ka beden?)
B_Fourteen. (14)
A_Here you are. (Buyrun)
B_It doesnt suit me. (O bana yakmyor)
A_Would you like to try this?
(Bunu denemek istermiydiniz?)
B_What a nice sweater! How much is this?
(Ne ho bir kazak! Bu ne kadar?)
A_Twenty pounds. (20 pound)
B_Can I pay by credit card?
(Kredi kartyla deyebilirmiyim?)
A_Yes, sir (madam)
(Evet, beyfendi yada hanfendi)
B_Ill take it, please. (Onu alaym ltfen)
A_Here you are. (Buyrun)
B_Have a nice day! (yi gnler)
A_Thank you, sir. (Teekkrler.
Keep the change = st kalsn
IDIOMS
What Next = Yok daha neler.
Cheaper Than ADZA = Adzadan daha ucuz.
WOULD LIKE
(En kibar ekilde istemek)
Would you like to drink some coffee?
(Biraz kahve imek istermisiniz?)
Would you like a cup of tea?
(Bir fincan ay istermisiniz?)
Id like = stiyorum.
03.10.2001 wednesday
HOTEL
M_Id like a room please
(Ben bir oda istiyorum, ltfen)
R_Single or Double?
(Tek kiilik veya ift kiilik mi ?)
M_Single, please
(Tek kiilik ltfen)
R_With bath or with shower?
(Banyolu mu, dulu mu?)
M_With shower, please.
(Dulu ltfen)
R_For one night?
(Bir gecelik iin mi?)
M_For two nights. How much is the room?
(ki gecelik. Oda ne kadar?)
R_Fifty pounds for one night including breakfast.
(Kahvalt dahil bir gecelik 50 pound)
M_Can I pay by credit card?
(Kredi kartyla deyebilirmiyim?)
R_Yes, sir (madam). We take American Express or Visa. Could you register, please?
(Evet, efendim yada hanfendi. Biz Amerikan Expresi veya Visay kabul ediyoruz.
Kaydolabilirmisiniz ltfen?)
M_Pardon?
(Anlayamadm)
R_Could you fill in the form, please?
(Formu doldurabilirmisiniz, ltfen?)
M_Of course. Here you are.
(Tabii ki, buyrun)
R_Thank you sir(madam). Here are your keys. Have a good stay.
(Teekkrler beyfendi. Anahtarlarnz buyrun. yi istirahatler)
M_Thank you sir.
04.10.2001thursday
a bottle of milk : bir ie st
a pocket of cigarettes : bir paket sigara
a kilo of cheese : bir kilo beyaz peynir
a loaf of bread : bir somun ekmek
two loaves of bread : iki somun ekmek
a jar of honey : bir kavanoz bal
a glass of tea : bir bardak ay
two hundred and fifty grams of olives : 250 gr zeytin
a liter of olive-oil : 1lt zeytinya
anything else? : baka birey?
Can I take the bill : bilet alabilir miyim?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE (Gemi Zaman)
Yesterday (yestdey) Dn
Last: Geen
Last week : Geen hafta
Last weekend : Geen hafta sonu
Last month:Geen ay
Last year: Geen yl
......... ago : nce
two years ago : 2 yl nce
Three months ago: 3 ay nce
In (1976) : 1976da
Cumlenin en sonunda kullanlr. Ancak vurgu yapmak iin cmlenin en banda da
kullanlrlar.
Olumlu Cmle:
a)Dzenli fiillerde
Verb + ed
zne + + Nesne + yer + zaman
b)Dzensiz fiillerde
Verb2
Regular Verbs(Dzenli fiiller) Irregular Verbs(Dzensiz fiiller)
Paint = Boyamak Find -found-found = Bulmak
Visit = Ziyaret etmek Break-broke-broken = Krmak
Close = Kapatmak steal-stole-stolen = almak, hrs.
Travel = Seyahat etmek win-won-won = Kazanmak
Study = almak, tahsil grmek go-went-gone = Gitmek
Work = para kaz. almak
Start = balamak
Kill = ldrmek
Birisi 1963te Kennedyi ldrd. Somebody killed Kennedy in 1963.
Sadece t veya d harfiyle biten fiiller ed taks aldklar zaman bu ed taks d diye
telafuz edilir.
Note:
Bir sessiz ve hemen ardndan y ile biten fiiller ed taks alacaklar zaman y der
yerine i gelir daha sonra ed taks kullanlr.
Study + ed = studied
Carry + ed = carried
u ocuk dn pencereyi krd.
That child broke the window yesterday.
Well = iyi (fiillere iyi an. Katar)
Fenerbahe dn ok iyi oynad.
Fenerbahe played very well yesterday.
Wallet = Czdan
Geen hafta sonu bir czdan buldum.
I found a wallet last weekend.
Dn byk babam ziyaret ettik.
We visited my grandfather yesterday.
Olumsuz Cmle:
zne + didnt + Verb + Nesne + yer + zaman
Did not = didnt
Get up = Kalkmak
Early = erken
Dn erken kalkmadm.
I didnt get up early yesterday.
Brush = Fralamak
Tooth teeth = Di - diler
Geen yl dilerimi fralamadm.
I didnt brush my teeth last year.
Babam dn ie gitmedi.
My father didnt go to work yesterday.
Vote = Oy vermek
Anybody = Hi kimse
Geen yl kimseye oy vermedim.
I didnt vote anybody last year.
Geen hafta sonu arabam ykamadm.
I didnt wash my car last weekend.
Fertilise= Gbrelemek
Dismiss = ten kartmak
Field = Tarla, alan
Company = irket
Geen yl tarlay gbrelemedik.
We didnt fertilise the field last year.
irket geen yl kimseyi iten kartmad.
The company didnt dismiss anybody last year.
05.10.2001 FRIDAY
NOTE
Never kelimesi kendi anlamyla cmleyi olumsuz yaptndan, bu kelimenin olduu
cmlelerde ayrca didnt olumsuz yardmc fiili kullanlmaz. Gemi zaman olumsuz
cm. Olumlu cmlede fiilin sonuna gelen ed taksn kaldran ve dzensiz fiillerin 2.
hallerine 1. hale dntren didnt nevern old. Bir cmlede kullanlamayacandan
byle bir cmlede ed ve 2. hal devam eder.
I played tennis when I was a student.
I didnt play tennis when I was a student.
* I never played tennis when I was a student.
(Ben renciyken hi tenis oynamadm)
Nobody ve no-one kelimeleri de kendi anlamlaryla zne olarak cmleyi olumsuz
yaptklarndan didnt yardmc fiili ayrca kullanlamaz bu yzden bu kelimelerin zne
old. Cm. Dzenli fiiller ed alrlar, dzensiz fiiller 2. halleriyle kullanlrlar.
Nobody came to work yesterday.
(Dn hikimse ie gelmedi)
Ben hastayken beni hikimse ziyaret etmedi.
Nobody visited me when I was ill.
Soru Cmlesi:
did + zne + Verb + Nesne + yer + zaman
Dn kitab getirdiler mi?
Did they bring the book yesterday?
Yes, they did / No, they didnt
Dn saat kata kalktn?
What time did you get up yesterday?
I got up at six oclock yesterday.
Geen hafta niin ie gitmedin?
Why didnt you go to work last week?
Dn ne piirdin?
What did you cook yesterday?
Roof = at
Fix = onarmak
Baban geen hafta sonu aty onardm?
Did your father fix the roof last weekend?
who broke the window? ---Kim gorevinde (zne belli deil)
(Cam kim krd?)
Who did you kill yesterday?---Kimi grv. (zne belli)
(Dn kimi ldrdn?)
PAST OF BE
(BE in gemii)
Olumlu Cmle:
I was
You were Im in Antalya at the moment.
He I was in Antalya yesterday.
She Was (Dn Antalyadaydm.)
It
We (Oyun harikayd.)
You Were The play was wonderful.
they
Olumsuz Cmle
I wasnt Ayla dn partide deildi.
You werent Ayla wasnt at the party yesterday.
He
She wasnt stanbul ve zmir dn yal deildi.
It Istanbul and Izmir werent rainy yesterday.
We
You werent
they
all right = Yolunda olmak, tamam, pekala
rainy = Yal
journey = Yolculuk
Soru Cmlesi:
was I Dn neredeydin?
were You Where were you yesterday?
He
Was She Partide herey yolundamyd?
It Was everything all right at the party?
We Yolculuk nasld?
Were You How was the journey?
they
__________________
Translation:
1_ocuklar postanenin arkasnda futbol oynuyorlar.
The children are playing football behind the post office.
2_Kuzenim sk sk bizi ziyaret eder.
My cousin frequently (often) visits us.
3_Dn erkek kardeim ve ben yeni bir bilgisayar satn aldk.
My brother and I bought a new computer yesterday.
4_Babam dn ie gitmedi.
My father didnt go to work yesterday.
5_Annen ne piiriyor.
What is your mother cooking?
V1 V2 V3
Go went gone
Find found found
Write - wrote written
sell sold sold
Aagdaki boluklar imdiki zaman geni zaman Gemi zamanla doldurun.
1_Jack ....wrote....a letter to his grandfather yesterday. (write)(+)
2_How ...did....you ..go...to school yesterday? (go)(+)
3_Alexander Graham Bell ....invented..the telephone.(invent)(+)
4_Listen! The baby iscrying..(cry) (+)
5_How often .....do.....you ....visit...your parents?(visit)(+)
6_How...did..Beikta ...play.......last Sunday?(play)(+)
7_My mother .....iscleaning.the kitchen at the moment.(clean)(+)
8_The repairman ...fixed.....the roof yesterday.(fix)(+)
9_Is....she .......reading..a grammar book or a novel now ?(read)
10_My son .....found....a bracelet yesterday.(find)(+)
11_Atatrk ..established Turkish Republic in 1923 (establish)(+)
12_Fatih.....conquered........Istanbul in 1453.(conquer)
13_.Was..the policeman successful at the last operation?(be)
14_Emine is solving..the problems by crying at he moment.(solve)
15_Burin ....was........late yesterday, as usual.(be)
16_we ..are studying..........English at the moment.(study)
17_Neslihan .....sold.................her zebra last sunday.(Sell)
18_Sakp is sleeping under a bridge now because of the bad economy.(sleep)
19_Sezen .....visited..........mr.Sazan yesterday.(visit)
20_The Prime Minister ..didnt resign...yesterday, unfortunately.(resign)(-)
unfortunately = Ne yazkki
resign = istifa etmek
as usual = Her zamanki gibi
bracelet = bilezik
Turkish Republic = T.C.
09.10.2001 tuesday
COMPARATIVE
(kyaslama)
ngilizcede sfatlara daha anlam katmak iin hece saysna gre sfatlar ksa sfatlar ve
uzun sfatlar diye nce iki gruba ayrlr;
Bir veya bazen iki heceden oluan ksa sfatlara daha anlamn katmak iin sfatlarn
sonuna er taks getirilir.
Ksa sfat:
Tall (uzun) --- tall + er -- taller (daha uzun)
Short (ksa) - short + er - shorter (daha ksa)
Old (eski, yal) - old + er - older (daha yal)
1.Ortada bir sesli etrafnda iki sesizden oluan ksa sfatlarn bir blmne daha
anlamn katmak iin son harf tekrarlandktan sonra er taks getirilir.
Fat (iman) - fatt + er -- fatter (daha iman)
Big (byk) - bigg + er - bigger (daha byk)
2.Son hafleri bir sessiz ve hemen ardndan y ile biten ksa sfatlara daha anlamn
katmak iin y der yerine i geldikten sonra er taks kullanlr.
Easy (kolay) -- eas + ier -- easier (daha kolay)
Happy (mutlu) - happ + ier - happier (daha mutlu)
3.Son harfleri e ile biten sfatlara daha anlamn katmak iin sfatlarn sonuna sadece
r harfi getirilir.
Late (ge) - late + er -- later (daha ge)
Uzun sfat:
Uzun sfatlara daha anlamn katmak iin ise sfatlarn bana ayr bir kelime olarak
more getirilir.
Different : farkl more different : daha farkl
nteresting : enteresan more interesting : daha enteresan
Economical : ekonomik more economical : daha ekonomik
A mercedes is more expensive than an Opel.(Bir mersedes bir Opelden daha pahaldr.)
Marry is taller than Lucy. (Marry Lucyden daha uzundur.)
Fenerbahe Galatasaraydan daha baarldr.Fenerbahe is more succesful than
Galatasaray.
Erzurum Trabzondan daha souktur. Erzurum is more colder than Trabzon.
Sezen Aksu Yeim Salkmdan daha mehurdur.Sezen Aksu is more famous than Yeim
Salkm.
Aadaki boluklar sfatlara daha anlamn katacak ekilde doldurun.
1.You are more pessimistic than me.(pessimistic:ktmser)
2.He is more stubborn even than a goat.(stubborn:inat)O keiden bile daha inat.
3.Steve is shorter than Lucy.(short)
4.Life more diffucult than death.(diffucult:zor)Hayat lmden daha zor.
5.Antalya is hotter than Kayseri.(hot:scak)
6.Wo is richer Sakp or you?(rich:zngin)Hanginiz daha zengin Sakp m sen mi?
7.Everything is more expensive now.(expensive pahal)imdi herey daha pahal.
8.My suitcase is heavier than yours.(heavy:ar)Bavulum seninkinden daha ar.
9.You are more beautiful than roses.(beautiful:gzel)Sen gllerden daha gzelsin.
10.Mr. Brown is more torpid than his wife.(torpid:uyuuk)Mr.Brown kasndan daha
uyuuk.
SUPERLATIVE
ngilizcede ksa sfatlara en anlamn katmak iin sonlarna est taks getirilir. En
anlamn kazanm bir sfata sahip olan nesne tek olacandan the ile kullanlr.
Short : ksa the shortest : en ksa
Tall: uzun the tallest : en uzun
NOTE
1.Ortada bir sesli ve etrafnda iki sessizle biten sfatlarn bir blm en anlamn
kazanmak iin sonlarna est alrken ilk nce son harfleri tekrarlanr.
Fat : iman the fattest : ne iman
Big : byk the biggest : en byk
2.Son harfleri bir sessiz ve hemen ardndan y ile biten ksa sfatlar en anlamn
kazanacaklar zaman y der yerine i geldikten sonra est taks kullanlr.
Easy : kolay the easiest: en kolay
3.Son harfleri e le biten ksa sfatlar en anlamn kazanacaklar zaman sadece st
taksn alrlar.
Late : ge the latest : en ge
stanbul is the biggest city in Turkey. stanbul Trkiye deki en byk ehirdir.
stanbul is the biggest city of Turkey. stanbul Trkiyenin en byk ehirdir.
Which one is the cheapest? Hangisi en ucuz?
My mother is the oldest person in our family. Annem ailemizin en yal kiisidir.
Uzun sfatlara en anlamn katmak iinse sfatlarn bana ayr bir kelime olarak
most getirilir.
Optimistic:iyimser the most optimistic : en iyimser
You are the most beautiful girl of the world. Sen dnyann en zel kzsn.
IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES(dzensiz Sfatlar)
Good : iyi better : daha iyi the best : en iyi
Bad : kt worse : daha kt the worst : en kt
Far : uzak farther : daha uzka the furthest : en uzak
Much,many : ok more : daha ok the most : en ok
Little :az less : daha az the least : en az
Aadaki boluklar sfatlara en anlamn katacak ekilde doldurun.
1.stanbul is the most crowdet city of Turkey.(crowdet:kalabalk)
stanbul Trkiyenin en kalabalk ehridir.
2.Unemployment is the most important problem of Turkey.(important:nemli)
sizlik Trkiyenin en nemli problemidir.
3.Fenerbahe is the best football team of the univerce.(good:iyi,univerce:ev ren)
Fenerbahe evrenin en iyi takmdr.
4.You are the most interesting person of the world.(interesting:ilgin)Sen dnyann en
ilgin insansn.
5.Rt is the best goal keeper of Turkey.(good)Rt Trkiyenin en iyi kalecisidir.
6.This is the most serious problem of our company.(serious:ciddi)Bu irketimizin en
ciddi problemidir.
7.What is the most famous food of your country?(famous)lkenizin en nl yemei
nedir?
8.Lake Van is the largest lake of Turkey.(large:geni) Van Gl Trkiyenin en geni
gldr.
9.Who is the fattest student in this class?(fat:iman)Snfn en iman rencisi kim?
10.I amthe happiest man of the world.(happy:mutlu)Ben dnyann en mutlu adamym.
11.10.2001 Thursday
Babamn dn niin eve gelmediini bilmiyorum.I dont know why my father didnt
came home yesterday.
ocuklarn nerede oynadklarn biliyor musun?Do you know where the children are
playing?
Cam kimin krdn merak ediyorum. I wonder who broke the window.
Niin hikimse babamn imdi niin niversitedeyken koabildii kadar koamadn
bilmiyor.
s.kelimesi zne bala fiil
why doesnt anybody know why my father cant run now as fat as he could when he was
at university?
12.10.2001 friday
AS ........... AS (kadar)
You are as beautiful as roses . Gller kadar gzelsin.
She is as stubborn as a goat. O kei kadar inat.
Il is as hardworking as bees. Il arlar kadar alkandr.
You are as fat as me. Benim kadar imansn.
Sen benim kadar ansl deilsin. You arent as lucky as me.
Demonstrative pronouns (iyelik zamirleri)
Mine : benimki
Yours : seninki
His : onunki
Hers Onunki
ts : onunki
Ours : bizimki
Yours : sizinki
Theirs : onlarnki
THE SAME AS (ayns)
Your skirt is the same as mine. Gmlein benimkiyle ayn.
My calculator is the same as yours. Hesap makinem seninkiyle ayn.
Senin araban benimkiyle ayn m? Is your car the same as mine?
Benim buzdolabm Alininkiyle ayndr. My refrigerator is the same as Alis.
Benim bilgisayarm olumunkiyle ayn. My computer is the same as my sons.
DIFFERENT FROM (....... den farkl)
Jacks computer is different from mine. Jackin bilgisayar benimkinden farkldr.
My personality is different from yours. Benim kiiliim seninkinden farkl.
Turkeys climate is different from Englands. Trkiyenin iklimi ngiltereninkinden
farkl.
Herey 1960 lardan farkldr. Everything is different from 1960s.
give me peace : huzur ver
rotten : (bozuk) sebze ,meyve vs.
Out of order : sipari,sipari etmek
Komut,komut vermek
Bozuk (elektrikli eyalar)
Ox : kz (oxes : kzler)
Drought : kuraklk
Unemployment : isizlik
MESAURES(ller)
How old are you ? Iam thirty-two years old.
How tall are you?(Boyun ka?) Im one meter eighty centimeters tall.
How much do you weigh?(Kilon ka?) I weigh ninety kilograms.
My mother is fifty-five years old but she looks younger.(Annem 55 yanda ama daha
gen gzkyor.)
My father is sixty years old but he looks older.(Babam 60 yanda ama daha yal
gzkyor.)
My uncle is fifty years old and he lookis age.(Amcam 50 yanda ve yan gsteriyor..)
Ar da : mount Ar,Mount Ararat
Mount Ar is 5165 meters high.
M2 meter square
M3 meter cube
1 inch =~ 2.5 cm
1 food =~ 30 cm
1 pound = ~450-500 gr
A mercedes is 4.5 meters long.
.
Nile = 0 (Malarda)
TELEPHONING
Version 1:
A_Good moRning, This is Mustafa Sargl. Is that Mr. Brown?
(Gnaydn. Ben Mustafa Sargl, siz Bay Brown musunuz?)
B_No it isnt.
(Hayr deil)
A_Could I speak to Mr. Brown, please?
(Bay Brown la grebilirmiyim, ltfen?)
B_Hes absent . (He is not in.) Can I take a message?
(O burda deil. (Oierde deil) Bir Mesaj alabilirmiyim?)
A_Could you ask him to phone me, please?
(Ona beni aramasn rica edebilirmisin, ltfen)
B_Of course. What is your phone number?
(Tabii ki. Telefon numaranz ka?)
A_566 20 45. Thank you very much.
(566 20 45 ok teekkrler)
B_Not at all.
(Bir ey deil)
Version 2:
A_Good moRning, this is James Brown. Id like to speak to Mr. Bush, please.
(Gnaydn, Ben James Brown, Bay Bushla grmek isterdim, ltfen.)
B_He is on the other line. Can you wait a minute, please?
(O dier hatta, bir dakika bekleyebilirmisiniz, ltfen?)
A_Yes, of course.
B_Im putting you through. Hold on the line, please. (hold on) (hold the line)
(Sizi balyorum, Hatta kaln, ltfen)
A_Thank you very much, indeed.
B_Not at all.
18.10.2001 Thursday
EATING IN A RESTAURANT
Man_Good evening. Have you got a table for two?
(yi akamlar, 2 kiilik masanz varm?)
Waiter_Yes, sir over there by the window.
(Evet efendim, ite orada pencere kenarnda)
Woman_Thank you
(Teekkrler)
Waiter_What would you like to eat (have), madam?
(Ne yemek isterdiniz hanfendi?)
Woman_Ill start with soup and then Ill have roast beef, please.
(orba ile balayp daha sonra kzarm biftek alaym, ltfen)
Waiter_Im sorry, madam. There is no more roast beef.
(zgnm hanfendi, kzarm bifteimiz kalmad)
Woman_Ill have rump steak, then
(yleyse kuzu budu alaym)
Waiter_Certainly, madam. How would you like your steak?
(Elbette hanfendi, Budunuzu nasl isterdiniz?)
Woman_Rare, please.
(Az pimi, ltfen)
Waiter_ Certainly, madam. What would you like to drink?
(Elbette hanfendi, Ne imek isterdiniz?)
Woman_Coke, please.
(Kola ltfen)
Waiter_And for you sir?
(Ve siz beyfendi?)
Man_Ill have chicken, please.
(Tavuk alaym ltfen)
Waiter_Vegetables, sir?
(Sebze efendim?)
Man_Some mushrooms and a green salad, please.
(Biraz mantar ve yeil salata ltfen)
Waiter_ What would you like to drink, sir?
(Ne imek isterdiniz, beyfendi?)
Man_Ayran, please.
(Ayran ltfen)
Waiter_ Certainly, sir.
(Elbette beyfendi)
Woman_How is the chicken?
(Tavuk nasl?)
Man_A bit tough, vegetables are nice, though.
(Biraz sert, sebzeler ho yinede)
Waiter_Is everything all right?
(Herey yolunda m?)
Man_Yes, excellent.
(Evet, mkemmel)
Woman_Thank you.
(Teekkrler)
Waiter_Could I bring you a little coffee?
(Size biraz kahve getirebilir miyim?)
Man_Yes please
(Evet ltfen)
Woman_No,thank you.
(Hayr teekkrler)
Man_Could you bring us the bill,please?
(Hesab getirebilir misiniz?ltfen)
Waiter_Certainly,sir.Here you are.
(Tabi ki.Buyrun)
Man_Is service included?
(Servis dahil mi?)
Waiter_No,sir.
(Hayr efendim)
Man_Keep the change.
(st kalsn)
Waiter_Thank you very much sir.
(Teekkrler efendim)
Man_Not at all.Have a nice day.
(Birey deil.yi gnler.)
IMPERATIVE(Emir Kipi)
Olumlu Emir Kipi
Wait here,please! (Burada bekleyin,ltfen!)
Follow me ,please! (Beni takip edin,ltfen!)
Shut the door! (Kapy kapat!)
Turn the television on (Televizyonu a!)
Pass the salt ,please! (Tuzu uzat ,ltfen!)
Always warn up before mathes!(Malardan nce daima sn!)
Always wash your hands before meals! (Yemeklerden nce daima ellerini yka!)
Hurry up! (Acele et,abuk ol!)
Be quiet! (Sessiz ol!)
Be careful! (Dikkatli ol!)
Look out! (Dikkatli ol!)
Open the door! (Kapy a!)
Answer the telephone! (Telefona cevap ver!)
Turn the television down! (Televizyonun ssini ks!)
Wipe your nose! (Burnunu sil!)
Brush your teeth three times a day! (Gnde 3 kere dilerini frala!)
NOTE :
Emir kiplerinde vurguyu artrmak iin cmleler do ile balar.
Do leave the windows openbefor you go out. (Dar kmadan nce pencereyi kapat!)
Do sit here! (Buraya otur!)
Olumsuz Emir Kipi
Dont smoke here! (Burada sigara ime!)
Dont talk! (Konuma!)
Dont park here! (Buraya park etme!)
Dont gossip! (Dedikodu etme!)
Dont hesitate to ask my help! (Yardmm istemeye tereddt etme!)
Dont talk when (you are) eating! (Yemek yerken konuma!)
Dont get up late! (Ge kalkma!)
Dont trust anyone! (Kimseye gvenme!)
NOTE :
Olumsuz emir kiplerinde vurguyu artrmak iin dont do not olarak yazlr.
Do not use this rood ! (Bu yolu kullanma!)
Do not smoke near the machine! (Makinann yannda sigara ime!)
Do not feed the animals! (Hayvanlar beslemeyin!)
Ayn zamanda vurguyu pekitirmek iin never kelimesi de kullanlr.
Never smoke before meals! (Asla yemekten nce sigara ime!)
Never trust America! (Asla Amerikaya gvenme!)
OFFERING(Teklif Etme)
Why Dont We...(.. niin yapmyoruz)
Why dont we go for a picnic? (Neden piknie gitmiyoruz?)Thats a good idea. (Bu ok
iyi bir fikir.)
Why not? (Neden olmasn?)
Im afraid I cant. (Korkarm gelemem.)
Id love to, but I cant. (sterdim fakat gelemem.)
Why dont we play backgommon? (Neden tavla oynamyoruz?)
Why dont we listen to music? (Neden mzik dinlemiyoruz?)
Shall
Shall we study English? (ngilizce alalm m?)
Shall we take a walk ? (Yrye kalm m?)
Shall we play tennis? (Tenis oynayalm m?)
Shall I open the window ? (Cam aaym m?)
Shall we watch a documentary ? (Belgesel seyredelim mi?)
Lets(Haydi)
Lets play chess! (Haydi satran oynayalm!)
Lets! (Haydi!)
Lets sing a song! (Haydi ark syliyelim!)
Lets have a break! (Haydi tenefs yapalm!)
TRANSLATION
1. Odan temizle! Clean your room!
2. Gazeteyi ver! Bring the news paper!
3. Bana su getir ,ltfen ! Bring water me, please.
4. Ltfen bana huzur verin! Give me peace ,please.
5. 6:00 dan nce irketi terketmeyin! Dont leave the company before six oclock.
6. Asla insanlarn arkasndan konuma! Never backbite people!
7. Niin tv seyretmiyoruz! Why dont we watch tv?
8. Arabay ykayalm m! Shall we wash the car?
9. Haydi dans edelim! Lets do dance!
23.10.2001 Tuesday
DO YOU MIND IF (Sakncas varm)
Do you mind if I smpke here? (Burada sigara imemin sakncas var m?)
No, please do. (Hayr,ltfen yapn.)
Well, Id rather you didnt.(ey,yapmamanz tercih ederim.)
Do you mind if I opne the window? (Pencereyi aarsam rahatsz olur musunuz?)
No, please do. (Hayr,ltfen yapn.)
Well, Id rather you didnt.(ey,yapmamanz tercih ederim.)
Buraya park etmemin bir sakncas var m? Do you mind if I parc here?
Buraya oturmamn bir sakncas var m? Do you mind if I sit here?
Burada dedikodu etmemizin bir sakncas var m? Do you mind if We gossip here?
Yarn ie gelmememin bir sakncas var m? Do you mind if I dont come to work
tomorrow?
SHOWING INTERESTING(lgi Gsterme)
I am from Antalya.
Really ? So am I. (Sahi mi? Bende yle)
Are you ? So am I.(ylemi? Bende yle)
My brother speaks perfect French.
Really ? So do I. (Sahi mi? Bende yle)
Does he ? So do I.(ylemi? Bende yle)
Neslihan can cook very well.
Really ? So can I. (Sahi mi? Bende yle)
Can she ? So can I.(ylemi? Bende yle)
1.I painted my room last Sunday.
Did you? So did my children.
2.mary is watching a documentary at the moment.
Is she? So I my parents.
3.I was in Fethiye last Summer.
Were you? So was I.
4.I have got seven children.
Have you? So have I?
5.Jack lives im emikezek.
Does he? So does my cousin.
I dont like Tarkan.
Dont you? Neither do I. (ylemi? Bende sevmem.)
Marry doesnt eat meat.
Doesnt she? Neither does my sister.
I cant swim.
Cant you? Neither can I.
WHATS THE MATTER WITH YOU?(Neyin Var?)
Whats the matter with you?
I feel dizzy. (Bam dnyor.)
I have got a stomachache. (Midem aryor.)
Whats the matter with him?
He has got (a) temperature. (Onun atei var.)
I have got a toothache. (Bir diim aryor.)
A pain in (my) side yan tarafmda bir ar
(the) measles kzamk
(the) flu (nezle)
a sore throat boaz ars,yank
Whats the matter with you?
I have got the measles.
Whats the matter with you?
I have lost my appetite. (tahm kaybettim.)
I have got blister on my foot. (Ayam su toplad).
I have got indigestion. (Hazmszlm var.)
Whats the matter with you?
I have got a waistache. (Belim aryor.)
Whats the matter with you?
My arm hurts (Kolum aryor.)
Where does it hurt? Neresi aryor?)
Does it hurt very badly? (ok kt m aryor?)
NOTE
1. Bir fiilin ileneceine konuma anndan nce karar verilmise going to yaps
kullanlr.
-Why are you turning on the television?--- -Im going to watch the news.
2. Bir fiilin ileneceine konuma annda karar verilmise will yaps kullanlr.
-Hey John!Your car has got a flat tyre. - Rearly!I will change it now.
3.Bir fiilin olacan gsteren kesin ya da kesine yakn deliller varsa going to kullanlr.
The sky is very cloudy.Its lightening. Its going to rain.
4.Ancak ihtimalin daha zayf olduu umarm,sanrm,korkarm ifadeleriyle balayan
cmleler will ile kullanlr.
I think, the referee will postpone the match.
5.Sz verirken will kullanlr.
I promise, I will stop smoking
6.Will ayrca yapaym,edeyim kelimelerinde olduu gibi fiillere ym,-yim anlamlarn
da katar.
Ill help you.
7.Rica ederken will kullanlr.
Will you open the window.
8.Geni zaman kipiyle (-er,-ar) yazlm Trke bir cmle eer gelecek zaman ifade
ediyorsa will kullanlr.
Visit your elder sister!She will help you.
WILL OR GOING TO
1. I hope ,They will finish the work in time. Umarm Onlar ii zamannda
bitirebilecekler.
2. Hey Lucy! You shirt is very dirty! Hey Lucy! Gmlein ok kirlenmi!
I know. I am going to change it. Biliyorum. Onu deitireceim.
3. Why are you filling that bucket with water? kovay niin suyla doldurdun?
I am going to wash the car. Arabay ykayacam.
4. I have got a terrible headache. Kti bir baarm var.
Wait here! I will get on asprin for you. Burada bekle senin iin asprin getireceim.
5. I think, They will win the match. Sanrm ma kazanacaklar.
6. Where are you going?
I am going to some food for dinner. Akam yemei iin biraz yiyecek alacam.
7. I havent got any money with me. Yanmda hi para yok.
Dont mind. I will lend you some. Sorun etme. Sana biraz bor vereceim.
8. This suitcase is very heavy. Bu bavul ok ar.
Will you help me?
9. Look! They are rubbing the bank. Bak! Onlar bankay soyuyorlar.
Oh! I will call the police.
10. Jane is going to take me to the airport. Jane beni hava alanna gtrecek.
25.10.2001 tursday
TRANSLATION
1. ocuklar bahede oynuyorlar. the children are playing in the garden.
2. Babam korku filmleri seyretmez. My father doesnt watch horhor .
3. 2 ay nce dairemi sattm. I sold my flat two month ago.
4. Gelecek Mays Ankarada toplanacaz. We are going to meet in Ankara
next May.
5. Umarm bizi ziyaret edersin. I hope, Youll visit us.
6. ay ielim mi? shall we drink tea.
7. Ofiste sigara imeyin. Dont smoke in the office.
8. Niin mzik dinlemiyoruz? Why dont We listen to music?
9. Burada yemek yememizin bir sakncas var m? Do you mind if We eat
here?
10. Haydi piknie gidelim! Lets, go for a picnic!
11. Bebein burada uyumasnn bir sakncas var m? Do you mind if the baby
sleeps here?
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Bu zaman kipi ngilizce de aadaki 4 kavram iin grev yapar:
1. Konuma anndan az nce bitmi olan ve zamann kesin olarak verilmedii fiiller iin
kullanlr.
2. Gemite balam konuma anna kadar devam eden fiiller iin kullanlr.
3. inde Simple Past Tense ait olan bir zaman zarfnn bulunmad haber ieren
cmlelerde kullanlr.
4. Fiilin kendisinin bittii ancak etkisinin devam ettii durumlar iinde kullanlr.Ancak
yine Simple Past Tense ait olan bir zaman zarfnn bulunmamas gerekir.
NOTE : Never kelimesi cmleleri kendi bana olumsuz yaptndan bu kelimelerin
iinde bulunduu cmlelerde ayrca not kullanlmaz.
I have never played tennis in my life. ( hayatmda hi tenis oynamadm.)
NOTE : Nobody ve noone kelimeleri zne olarak cmleyi kendi balarna olumsuz
yaptklarndan bu kelimelerin zne olduu cmlelerde ayrca not kullanlmaz.bu
kelimeler ingilizce de 3. tekil ahs kabul edildiklerinden has yardmc fiiliyle
kullanlrlar.
Nobody has visited me since I moved here. ( Buraya tandmdan beri beni kimse
ziyaret etmedi.)
Hi Timsah grdn m? Have you ever soen a crocidile?
imdiye kadar ka tane film seyrettin? How many films have you watch so far?
Bugne kadar en az 200 film seyrettim. I have watch at least two hundred films so
far.
Niin masay hazrlamadnz? Why havent you set the table
TRANSLATION[LIST][*]ocuklar bahede oynuyorlar. The children are playing in
the garden.[*]Babam korku filmleri seyretmez. My father doesnt watch horror.[*]2
ay nce dairemi sattm. I sold my flat two month ago.[*]Gelecek Mays Ankarada
toplanacagz. We are going to meet in Ankara next May.[*]Umarm bizi ziyaret
edersin. I hope,youll visit us.[*]ay ielim mi? Shall we bring tea.[*]Ofiste sigara
imeyin! Dont smoke in the office![*]Niin mzik dinlemiyoruz? why dont we
listen to music?[*]Burda yemek yememizin bir sakncas var m? Do you mind if we
eat here?[*]Haydi piknie gidelim. Lets, Go for a picnic.[*]Bebein burda
uyumasnn bir sakncas varm? Do mind if the baby sleeps here?[/LIST]
26.10.2001 FRIDAY
TRANSLATION
1.Biz u anda ofiste arkadalarmz bekliyoruz.
We are waiting for our friends in the office right now.
2.Hergn saat 6:30 da kalkarm ama dn saat 7 de kalktm
I get up at half past six everyday but A got up at seven yesterday.
3.Bu yl bizi hi ziyaret etmediler.
They have never visited us this years
4.Yarn saat 4:30 da pastanenin nnde bulualm.
Shall we meet in front of postoffice at half past four yesterday.
5.Doktora gitmeden nce eczaneye gitme.
Dont go to pharmacy before going to a doctor!
6.Geen hafta sonu futbol oynamadk
We didnt play footboll last weekend
7.Ma henz balamad.
Match hasnt started yet.
8.Bugn ka bardak ay itin?
How many glasses of tea have you drank today
9.Televizyonun sesini amamn bir sakncas var m?
Do you mind if turn up the television?
10.Niin dar kmyoruz?
Why dont we go out?
11.Yemeklerden nce sigara imem.
I dont smoke before meals.
12.Gelecek ay herkes doum gnm kutlayacak.
Everybody is going to celebrate my birthday next month.
SINCE OR FOR
...den beri anlamna gelen since bir tarih veya bir olayla birlikte kullanlr.
1829 dan beri. Bu ehre tandmda beri gibi
For ise iinde bir zaman biriminin bulunduu cmlelerde bu zaman birimlerine dr,-
dir,-..den beri yada iin anlamlarn katar.
2 saattir , 3 yldan beri , yarm saat iin gibi
[LIST][*]since 1985[*]for two hours[*]since I got up[*]since 2000[*]for three years[*]for
five minutes[*]for half an hour[*]since we found a good job[*]for five minutes.[*]for six
years[/LIST]
BEEN OR GONE
Bu tensi kullanrken dnmek zere bir yere gitmekten bahsedildiinde kii henz
dnmemise go fiilinin 3. hali olan gone , kii bir yere gitmi ve dnmse, bir yerde
bulunmak anlamna da gelen be fiilinin 3. hali olan been kullanlr.
Ancak yukardaki kurallarn geerli olabilmesi iin cmlelerin iinde simple past tense
ait herhangi bir zaman zarfnn kullanlmamas gerekir.
1. A- Where is John?
B- He has gone shoping.
2. I have been to a lot of countries so far. (imdiye kadar birok lke gezdim.)
3. Have you ever been to Antalya? (hi Antalya da bulundun mu?)
Bugne kadar okuduun en iyi roman hangisidir ?What is the best novel I have ever
read?
Sefiller is the best novel I have ever read.
imdiye kadar dinlediin en iyi ark hangisidir?What is the best song you have ever
listened to?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE OR PRESENT PERFECT
1) Afred Hitchock directed a lot of succesful film in his life.
( Afred Hitchock hayat boyunca birok baarl film ynetti)
2) Madonna has given a lot of concerts all over the world.
(Madonna dnyann her tarafnda birok konser verdi.)
3) Our teamhas won a lot of games this year. (Bizim takm bu yl birok oyun kazand.)
4) How many books have you read so far? (imdiye kadar ka kitap okudun?)
5) Mary and I have been married for two years. (Mary ve ben iki yldr evliyiz.)
6) John hasnt finished his homework yet,but I finished my homework two hours ago.
(John henz evdevini bitirmedi ama ben 2 saat nce bitirdim.)
7) Jack resigned at two oclock.(Jack saat 2 de istifa etti.)
8) Alparslan entered Malazgirt in 1071.(Alparslan 1071 de malazgirte girdi. )
9) How long have you know her? (Onu ne zamandr tanyorsun? )
10) Fortunately,I havent smoked any cigarettes today. (ok kr,bugn hi sigara
imedim.)
11) Steve got married yesterday. (Steve dn evlendi.)
12) What time did you get up? (Ne zaman kalktn?)
13) Henry has been very happy since he found a job. (Henry i bulduundan beri ok
mutlu.)
14) Why havent you cleaned the office yet? (Ofisi henz temizlemedin mi?)
15) England won the world cup in 1966.
31.10.2001 wednesday
TRANSLATION
1)Bykbabam dn bir czdan buldu. (My grandfather found a wallet yesterday.)
2)Kuzenim sabahlar daima haberleri seyreder.(My cousin allways watches the news in
the morning.)
3)imdiye kadar hi belgesel seyrettin mi?( Have you ever watched a documentary so
far?)
4)Jack ve John iki ay sonra Antalyaya tanacaklar. Jack and John are going to move to
Antalya two months later.
5)Olum oturma odasnda ngilizce alyor.( My son is studying English in the living
room.)
6)Televizyonu a!( Turn on tv!)
7)Televizyonu ama! (Dont turn on tv!)
8)Televizyonu aaym m?(Shall I turn on the television?)
9)Televizyonu amamn bir sakncas var m?(Do you mind if I turn on tv?)
10)Bir film seyretmek istermiydiniz?(Would you like to watch a film?)
01.11.2001 THURSDAY
IF CLAUSES
IF : eer
-se, - sa
Eer babam Almanya dan gelirse , Ankara ya tanacaz.
Conditional Clause(artl cmlecik) Main Clause(Ana cmlecik)
1.Simple Present Tense 1.Will
2.Present Progressive Tense 2.Imperative(Emir)
3.Present Perfect Tense 3.Can,Could,May,Must(Modal Verbs)
NOTE
inde bulunulan anla ilgili, tamamen geni zaman ilgilendiren ya da gelecek zamandan
bahsederken gerek ya da gereklemesi mmkn olan, sahip olunmadndan dolay
ikayet veya dilek iererek sylenmi ve bylece hayal rn olarak ortaya km
cmleler haricinde dileklerde bulunulurken kullanlr.
1) If my father comes from Germany,we will move to Ankara.(We will move to Ankara
if my father comes from Germany)
2) If you see Mary,say hello to her.(Say hello to Marry if you see her) Maryyi grrsen
slm syle.
3) Bu arabay satarsam bir daire alacam.If I sell this car,I will buy a flat.( I will buy a
flat If I sell this car)
4) If you have a problem,call me please.( call me please If you have a problem)Bir
problemin olursa ltfen beni ara.
5) If you have finished your coffe,we can go.( we can go If you have finished your
coffe)Kahveni bitirdiysen gidebiliriz.
6) If he is sleeping,turn down the radio.( turn down the radio If he is sleeping)Uyuyorsa
radyonun sesini ks.
7) Ge gelirsen baban kzar. If you come late ,you father gets angry.( you father gets
angry If you come late)
8) Eer bana bor verirsen u arabay alrm. If you lend me,I will buy that car.( I will
buy that car If you lend)
9) Eer bizi ziyaret ederseniz dedem ok mutlu olacak.If you visit us,my grandfather
will be very happy
10) Baban erken kalkarsa nereye gideceksiniz? If your father gets up early,where will
you go?
02.11.2001 FRIDAY
TRANSLATION
1) Geen Pazartesiden beri hi sigara imedim.(I have never smoked since last monday.)
2) imdiye kadar duvar boyadm.(I have painted three walls so far.)
3) Uak niin hala kalkmad? (Why hasnt the plane taken off yet.)
4) Yemeklerden sonra koma!(Dont run after meals.)
5) Perdeyi eker misin?(Will you draw the curtain.)
6) Mzik dinleyelim mi?(Shall we listen to music?)
7) Kamyonlar sollama!(Dont overtake trucks.)
8) Hafta son sinemaya gidelim mi?(Shall we go to cinema weekend.)
9) Eer yamur yamazsa bu akam futbol oynayacaz.(We wiil play football this
evening if it doesnt rain)
10)Niin piknie gitmiyoruz?(Why dont we go for a picnic?)
WILL OR GOINGTO
1) A)Why are you wearing a suit and tie?(Niin takm elb. ve kravat giyiyorsun?)
B) I am going to meet my new boss this afternoon.
2) A) I cant pick up this box.(Kutuyu kaldramyorum)
B) I will help you with it.
3) A) Dont forget to buy some tomatoes today!(Bugn biraz domates almay unutma!)
B) OK,I will buy some
4) A) What are your plans for Sunday?(Pazar gn ne plann var?)
B) I am going to visit my grandparents.
5) A) The music is too loud!( Mzik ok grltl!)
B) Okay,I will turn the volume down.(tamam,sesini ksarm)
6) A) This coffe is too strong.
B) I will put some more milk in it.
7) A) Dont come home late tonight.
B) I know.We are going to watch a film.
8) A) Oh! Theres smpke from the opposite building.
B) Rearly!I will call fire brigade.
9)) John has got a fishing rod in his hand.He is going to fish.
10)I promise.I will love you frover.(sz veriyorum.seni hep seveceim)
11)Henry and his teacher are going to meet at six oclock.
12) A) Why are you checking the brakes?(Niin frenleri kontrol ediyorsun?)
B) We are going to go to Antalya tomorrow.
13)A) Doctor!I have last my appetite.(itahm kaybettim)
B) Ok! I will write a prescription for you.(size bir reete yazyorum.)
14) Will you cover my notebooks please?(Kitaplarm kalarmsn ltfen?)
15) The plane is going to land the airport at nineteen thirty.
SIMPLE PAST OR PRESENT PERFECT
1) I have met a lot of people since I moved this building.(Bu binaya tanana kadar
birok insanla bulutum)
2) My father hasnt mend my computer yet.
3) Did you ever eat lahmacun when you were in Urfa(Urfadayken hi lahmacun yedin
mi?)
4) Hanry and Lucy have known each other for only two months.
5) What time did the match start?
6) Lucy and Steve werent at the company yesterday.
7) Has your father ever driven a car?
8) Who invented the radio?
9) Why didnt you feed the birds yesterday?
10)How long have you know that girl?
PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
(simple present tense)
(simple past) (present progressve) (futur)
(present perfect)
(past progressive)
Past progressive tense gemite bir referans vererek o srada bir baka fiilin hareket
halinde olduunu belirtmek iin kullanlr.Trkedeki imdiki zamann hikayesi kipini
ekleri olan (i)yordu nun grevini yapmakla beraber bazen-yordu kullanlmadanda
can ekinin kullanld cmleciklerde fiile anlam kazandrabilir.Gemite bir olayn
referans gsterilerek baka bir olaydan bahsedildii durumlarda eer bu iki olayda ayn
cmle iinde kullanlmsa
ksa fiillerde SIMPLE PAST TENSE
uzun fiillerde PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
ile kurulur.Buna gre Babam eve geldiinde tv seyrediyorduk. Cmlesindeki gelmek
fiili ksa fiil olduu iin simple past tens ile ,seyretmek fiili uzun fiil olduu iin ve gelme
olay annda seyretmek fiilinin devam ettii belirtildiinden past progressive tense ile
kurulur.
Evi temizlerken denmemi faturalar buldum. Elektrikler kesildiinde kitap
okuyordum.
Past progressive simple past tense simple past past progressive
Film bittiinde herkes alyordu.
Simple past past progressive
Ancak bir cmle iersinde kullanlm iki cmlecik gemite meydana gelmi olmann
yan sra ayn anda hareket halinde olma kavramn da ierebilir.Bu gibi durumlarda
her iki cmlecikte past progressive tense ile kurulur.
Kardeim yemek odasnda tv seyrediyorken biz oturma odasnda ders alyorduk.
Past progressive tense ayrca gemite birsre devam etmi fiiller iin de
kullanlabilir.Buna gre
Geen yl Mr. Brown bize piyano dersi verdi yerine Geen yl Mr. Brown bize piyano
dersi veriyordu olabilir.
Bu durum Trke de nasl mmknse ngilizcede de mmkndr.
NOTE : Past progressive tense ayrca Trkede imdiki zamann hikayesi kipinin
grevine zde olarak ,geni zamann hikayesi kipiyle kurulabilmesi gibi ,gemite olmu
fakat artk olmayan ya da yaplmayan eylemler ,alkanlklar iin de kullanlabilir.
Buna gre ; Kk ocukken hergn sinemaya giderdik. cmlesi
Kk ocukken hergn sinemaya giderdik. Olarak Trkede nasl kuruluyorsa
ngilizcede de kurulabilir.
Past progressive Tense gemite hibir referans verilmemi bir cmlede de sadece bir fiil
iin kullanlabilir.
Bu gibi durumlara genellikle hikayelerde veya halk aras konumalarnda
rastlanr.Yamur yayodu.
-ing taks almayan fiiller bu tensin yapsnda ing kullanld iin past progressive
tensete kullanlamazlar.
Onun yerine bu tensin kavramna en yakn olan simple past tensele kullanlrlar.
When -ken,-dii zaman,-ince (past progressive , simple past)
While -ken (past progressive ,hikayelerde simple past kullanlabilir)
As -ken (past progressive ,hikayelerde simple past kullanlabilir)
SIMPLE PAST OR PAST PROGRESSIVE
1)When I got up yesterday, the birds were singing songs.
2)When the film finished , everybody was crying.
3)When I turned on the lights ,a thief(hrsz) was holding my tv.
4)When we were studying English yesterday ; Il sent a classic message to me
5)While you were going ,we were coming. (sen gelirken biz gidiyorduk)
TRANSLATION
1) Niin hala raporlar postalamadn?( Why havent you posted the reports yet?)
2) stanbul da yaamak bir sanattr.( Living in Istanbul is an art.)
3) Eer bu roman zamannda tercme edersem,yeni bir Mercedes alacam.
If I translate this novel on time ;I will buy a new Mercedes.
4) Sanrm bir gn herkes mutlu olacak.( I think everybody will be happy one day.)
5) Hkmet istifa ettii zaman herkes alyordu.( When the government resigned
;everybody was crying.)
6) Hangisi daha zor , glmek mi alamak m?( Which one is more difficult,crying or
laughing?)
7) Bebein geceleri niin aladn biliyor musun?Do you know why the baby cries at
nights?
8) iftiler tarlay gbrelediler mi? Have the farmers fertilised the field?
9) Paran aptalca ilere yatrma! Dont invest in stupid thinks!
10) Ynetim yarn irketi yeniden dekore edecek.
The menagement is going to redecerato the company tomorrow
PAST PERFECT TENSE
(simple present tense)
(simple past) (present progressve) (futur)
(past perfect) (present perfect)
(past progressive)
Eve geldiimde herkes oktan yatmt.
simple past past perfect
Film balamadan nce devimi bitirmitim
simple past past perfect
Babam eve geldiinde yemei piirmitik.
Simple past past perfect
NOTE
Past Perfect Tense gemite olmu ve bitmi bir fiili referans gstererek daha nce
meydana gelmi fiillerden bahsederken kullanlr.Buna gre iiler,bakan gelmeden
aty onarmlard cmlesinde aty onarmak fiili daha nce gerekletiinden past
perfect tensle kurulur.
Past Perfect Tense kullanmak iin bir cmle ierisinde iki cmlecik bulunmas art
deildir.Gemite bir olay referans gstermek daha nceki cmlelerde de
yaplabilir.rn;Kapy atm. Birisi tvyi almt.
Before = nce
After = sonra
Already = nceden , oktan , zaten
Yet = henz
By the time = nce
Konser bitmeden nce herkes salonu terketmiti.
Simple past past perfect
When I got home ,everybody had already gone to bad.
Before the film started,I had finished my homework.
When my father got home ,we had cooked.
Before the concert finished,everybody had left the hall.
Before the minister got , the workers had fixed the roof.
I opened the door,somebody had stolen tv.
Piyangodan 1 milyon kazanmadan nce beni kimse ziyaret etmemiti.
Before I won one million in the lottery , nobady had visited me.
Bu binaya tanmadan nce, bu ehre gelmemitim.
Before I moved this building ,I hadnt been to this city.
Sen eve gitmeden nce onlar masay hazrlamlarmyd?
Had they set the table by thetime you got home?
Sinemaya girdiinde film balammyd?
Had the film started ,when you entered the cinema?
Yes,it had / No,it hadnt
SIMPLE PAST OR PAST PERFECT
1) Mfetti gelmeden nce raporu bitirmitik.We had finished the report by the time the
inspector came.
2) Misafirler gelmeden nce keki yapmtm.I had make the cake by the time the quests
came.
3)lkokula balamadan nce ka kitap okumutun?
How many stories had you read by the time you started primary school?
4)Ma balamadan nce antrenr futbolcular kontrol etmiti.
The tranier had controled the football pitch before the match.
5) Biz havaalanna gittiimizde pilot henz ulamamt.The pilots hadnt arrived yet
when we got the airport.
6)Biz havaalanna gittiimizde uak oktan kalkmt.
The plane had already taken off when we got the airport.
7) Polis geldiinde katil ehri oktan terketmiti.
The murderer had already left the country when the police arrived.
8) retmen snfa girdiinde ev devimi henz bitirmemitim.
When the teacher entered the class; I hadnt finished my homework yet.
9) Sen salona girdiinde konser balamamt.Hadnt the concert started when you
entered the hall.
10) Sava patlak verdiinde herkes ehri terketmiti.Everybody had left the country
when the war broke out.
TRANSLATION
1)Okulu bitirdiinden beri ka tane roman okudun?(How many novels have you read
since you finished the school?)
2)Film baladnda kafede sohbet ediyorduk.(When the film started , we were chating
at the caf)
3)Bu yl hi bilim kurgu filmi seyrettin mi?(Have you ever watched a science fiction film
this year.)
4)Ma balamadan nce biletleri almtk.(We had bought the tickets before.)
5)Alice bizimle sinemaya gelmedi nk daha nce 3 kez filmi seyretmiti.
(Alice didnt come to the cinema with use she had watched it three times.)
6)Seni aradmda ne yapyordun?(When I called you,what were you doing?)
7)Snfa girdiimde snav oktan balamt.(When I entered in the class,the exemination
had already started.)
8)Snav henz balamad.(The examination hasnt started yet.)
9)6dan nce fabrikay terketmeyin.(Dont leave the company before six oclock
factory.)
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE
1) Present perfect progressive tensegemite balayp konuma anna kadar devam eden
fiiller iin kullanlr.
20 yldr bu ehirde yayorum,10 yldr pul biriktiriyorum.
2) Konuma annda tam bir etkiye sebep olan fiiller iin kullanlmaldr.
John hzl hzl nefes alp veriyor,komu(komutu herhalde,komaktayd,kouyordu
)
present perfect progressive
Ev ok temiz annem btn gn evi temizledi.
Present perfect progressive
-ing taks almayan fiiller Present perfect progressive yapsnda ing yaps
kullanldndan bu tens ile birlikte kullanlamazlar.Bunun yerine kavram olarak
kendisine en yakn tense olan present perfect tens ile kullanlrlar.
Bu tens ile birlikte aadaki zaman zarflar kullanlabilir.
All (day,mmonth,,,,)
Lately
Since
for
Konuma annda hareket halinde olan kavram olarak uzun fiiller present perfect tense
gre dahaok present perfect progressive ile birlikte kullanlmakla beraber ,iki tensin
aralarndaki ancak ayrnt saylabilecek fark miktar vurgusunun yapld cmlelerde
present perfect progressive tense tercih edilmesidir.
All kelimesinden sonra day,morning,,, bir kelime kullanlarak oluturulmu bir zaman
zarfnn bulunduu cmlelerde ,lately kelimesinin kullanld durumlarda present
perfect progressive tense kullanlr.
1)I have been waiting for you for two hours.(2 saattir seni bekliyorum.)
2)The table is very dirty ,they have been eating.(masa ok kirli ,yemek yemiler)
3)Onu 10 yldr tanyorum.(I have known him for ten years.)
4)20 yldr Istanbulda yayorum.(I have been living in Istanbul for twenty years.)
5)Babam bu fabrikada 6 aydr alyor.(My father has been working in this factory for
six months.)
How long have you been staying here?(Ne kadar zamandr burda kalyorsun?)
I have been staying here for only two days.(Sadece 2 gndr burada kalyorum.)
Ne kadar zamandr Ingilizce reniyorsun?(How long have you been learning english?)
I have been learning English for three months.
PRESENT PERFECT OR PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
1) John has been running for twenty minutes.
2) John has run for ten kilometres.
3) We have been married for four years.
4) John has been studying for three hours
PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE
Simple Past
now
Past perfect past present perfect
Progressive progressive progressive
2 saattir film seyrediyorum(present perfect progressive)
Elektrikler kesildiinde tv seyrediyordum.( past progressive)
Elektrikler kesildiinde 2 saattir film seyrediyordum.( Past perfect Progressive)
NOTE
1) Past perfect Progressive tense gemite bir olay referans gsterip o olaya kadar sre
gelmi fiiller iin kullanlrlar.Burda bir peryot olduunu gstermek iin 2 saattir,3
aydr gibi zaman zarflar kullanlr.
Elektrikler kesildiinde 2 saattir film seyrediyordum
film seyretmesi
now
elektriklerin kesilmesi(siple past)
past perfect progressive
2)Gemite bir etkiye sebep olan fiiller iin kullanlmasdr.Bu grevi Present perfect
progressive tensin etkiye neden olma greviyle benzer lik tar ancak aradaki fark
etkinin konuma annda deil gemite olmas,fiilinde o ana kadar devam etmesidir.
OLUMLU CMLE
ZNE HAD BEEN V + ing
GREV1
When the lights went off,we had been watching a film for two heurs.
When we entered the stadiumthe match had been going on for twenty minutes.
(Stadyuma girdiimizde ma 20 dakikadr devam ediyordu.)
GREV2
The table is untidy.They have been eating.(masa dank.Yemek yemiler)
The table was untidy.They had been eating.(Masa dankt. Yemek yemiler)
OLUMSUZ CMLE
ZNE HADNT been
SORU CMLES
HAD ZNE BEEN V + ing
Put the verbs in bracket s into the correct form of the past perfect continuous
1)Had you been waiting long when the boss announced thet he couldnt see you ?
(Patron seni gremediini sylediinde ok bekledin mi?)
2)Tomhad been looking for a job for six months when he found one
(Tom bir i bulduunda 6 aydr i aryordu)
3)We had been watching TV for half an hour when the doorbell rang.
(Kap zili aldnda biz yarm saattir TV seyrediyorduk.)
4)They had been sunbathing for half an hour when started to rain.
(Yamur yamaya baladnda onlar bir saattir gneleniyorlard.)
5)Stan had been working as a postman for foorty years when he retired.
(Stan emekli olduunda 40 yldr postac alarak almt.)
6)I had been working in France for ten years when I met my husband.
(Eimle tantmda 10 yldr Fransada alyordum.)
7)She was tired.She had been working hard all day yesterday.
(O yorgundu.Dn btn gn ok sk alt.)
8)He had been working on the computer for an hour before she came to help him.
(O ona yardm etmeye gelmeden nce O bilgisayarda 1 saattir alyordu.)
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE OR PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
1)She was wet.She had been walking in the rain.
(O slakt.Yamurda yrmt)
2)Im thirsty.I have been running for two hours.
(Ben susadm.2 saat kotum.)
3)I have been looking.for him all day.I cant find him.
(Onu btn gn aradm.Bulamadm.)
4)She has been teaching for six years.
(O 6 yldr retmen)
5)A)Dave has been learning to drive for six months.
(Dave 6 aydr araba kullanmay reniyor.)
B)I know.He hasnt passed his test yet,though.
(Biliyorum.O henz testi gemedi.)
6)They were happy.They had been playing together for hours.
(Onlar ok mutluydular.Onlar saatlerdir beraber oynadlar.)
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ITEM
1) We ....... on holiday next weekend. a) go b) are going c) goes
2) James is a good student.He ..... homework every evening. a)do b) is doing c) does
3) I ... this film.Lets watch something else a) have seen b) saw c) are seeing
4) Fred fell of the ladder while he ... the ceiling. a) had painted b) was painting c) painted
5) Ted ..... his car last month . a) sold b) has sold c) is seeling
6) The sun ...... every morning . a) is rising b) rises c) was rising
7) I .... my first casette player when I was eighteen. a) bought b) have bought c)am
bought.
8) Donna .... her hair It is still wet. a) has just washed b) is washing c) washes
9) Jennifier ...... vegetables. a) likes b) dont like c) is liking
10) Jill and Anne .... tennis now. a) were playing b) play c) are playing
11) ..... we go out for a meal on saturday night? a) will b) shall c) are
12) Look out! You .....hit your head on the cupboard(mutfak dolab) door. a) are going
to b) wont c)shall
13) We ....for Rome tomorrow morning a) are leaving b) left c) were leaving
14) The baby ...... all morning . a) is crying b) was crying c) has been crying
15) I ...... you as soon as I get there. a) will phone b) phone c) am phoning
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
NOTE
Future Progressive Tense,gelecekte bir zaman veya olay referans gsterip o srada
hareket halinde olan fiiller iin kullanlr. Buna gre; Yarn bu vakit Antalyaya
uuyor olacaz. Cmlesindeki acak eki gelecek zaman , -yor eki ise hareketlilik ifade
ettiinden bu cmle iin ancak future progressive tense kullanlr.
Now future progressive
Future Progressive Tense ayrca willle kullanlmasna ramen kendisini tamamlayan
be ve fiilin sonuna gelen ing taksyla fiillerin nceden planlanm olduunu ve going to
yapsyla olduu gibi kesinlik ya da krsinlie yakn anlamlarn da ifade eder.
NOTE
Ayrca soru cmleleri olutururken bu tensein kullanlmas asl grevinin haricinde
kar taraftan birey isteme grevini de gerekletirebilir. Buna gre Yarn
bilgisayarn kullanyor olacak msn? cmlesinin Ingilizce karl olan will you be
using your computer tomorrow? kullanmayacaksan ben kullanabilir miyim? Yada
bana verebilirmisin? Anlamna da gelebilir.
OLUMLU CMLE
Subject will be V+ing
We will be flying to Antalya at this time tomorrow.(Yarn bu vakit Antalyaya uuyor
olacaz.)
Just think!Ill be lying on the beach in the sun at this time tomrrow.No work, no stress a
lot of cold orange juice end a lot of music.
(Dnsene! Yarn bu sralarda kumsalda gnete uzanyor olacam. yok,stress yok
bol portakal suyu bol mzik.)
OLUMSUZ CMLE
Subject wont be V+ing
Unfortunately,we wont be working tomorrow.(Ne yazk ki yarn alyor olmayacaz.)
SORU CMLES
will Subject + be V+ing ?
Will you be using your computer tomorrow? (Yarn bilgisayarn kullanyor
olacakmsn?)
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
Now future perfect progressive
Bu tensete gelecekte bir olay veya zaman referans gsterip o olay veya zamanda veya o
olay ve zamandan nce bitmi olacak fiiller iin kullanlr. Buna gre 2002 ile birlikte
niversiteyi bitirmi olacam. Cmlesi ancak future perfect tense ile birlikte
kurulabilir.
OLUMLU CMLE
Dzenli fiillerde- V ed
Subject will have Dzensiz fiillerde - V3
I hop,they will have repair the car before six oclock.(umarm,6dan nce arabay tamir
etmi olacaklar.)
2002 ile birlikte niversiteyi bitirmi olacam. I will have finished the univercity by
2002.
OLUMSUZ CMLE
Dzenli fiillerde V ed
Subject wont have Dzensiz fiillerde V3
SORU CMLES
Dzenli fiillerde V ed
will Subject + have Dzensiz fiillerde V3
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE OR FUTUR PERFECT
1) Dont call me at six oclock. I will be having a shower then.
(Beni 6 da arama. O srada banyo yapyor olacam)
2) You can call me 7 oclock. I will have had a shower then.
(Beni 7 de arayabilirsin. O srada banyomu yapm olacam)
3) We will be dancing at this time tomorrow. You can join us if you like.
(Yarn bu zamanlarda dans ediyor olacaz.stersen sen de bize katlabilirsin.)
4) Jack and I will have finished my homework before the teacher enters the class.
(retmen snfa girmeden nce Jack ve ben devimizi bitirmi olacaz.)
5) There will be a very good film tomorrow. Everybody will be watching it at ten
oclock. I think the roads will be very quiet.
(Yarn ok gzel bir film var.Herkes saat 10 da onu seyredecek. Sanrm yollar ok
sakin olacak.)
FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Gelecekte bir olay veya zaman referans gsterip o ana kadar devam edecek fiiller iin
kullanlr. Bu cmlelerde en nemli konu bir periyodun cmle iersinde kullanlmasdr.
Buna gre 2002de Cambrich niversitesinde okuyor olacam ile 2002 ile birlikte 3
yldr Cambrich niversitesinde okuyor olacam cmleleri arasndaki fark bir peryot
ifade eden 3 yldr kelimesidir. Trke de grld gibi yukardaki iki durum iin
fiilde herhangi bir deiim yaplmaz.Zaman zarfn kullanmak yeterlidir.
Ancak Ingilizcede byle bir peryot szkonusu olduu zaman future perfect progressive
tense kullanlr ve at tamamen deiir.
Now future
future perfect progressive
OLUMLU CMLE
Subject will have been V+ing (period)
I will have been living in Istanbul for twenty years by 2002.
(2002 ile birlikte 20 yldr Istanbulda yayor olacam.)
They will have been cleaning the factory for six hours by 7 oclock.
(Saat 7 de onlar 6 saattir fabrikay temizliyor olacaklar.)
OLUMSUZ CMLE
Subject wont have been V+ing
Unfortunately,we wont be working tomorrow.(Ne yazk ki yarn alyor olmayacaz.)
SORU CMLES
will Subject + have been V+ing ?
How long will you have been working in this company by 2002?
(2002 ile birlikte ne kadar zamandr bu irkette alyor olacaksn?)
FUTURE PERFECT OR FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
1)Sue will have finished master degree by next year .(Sue gelecek ylla beraber mastrn
bitirmi olacak.)
2)I will be working in the garden on Sunday as usual.(Pazar gn herzamanki gibi
bahede alyor olacam.)
3)I will have read the whole book by the end of the week.(Hafta sonuyla beraber btn
kitab bitirmi olacam.)
4)If you phone Julie new,she will be studying as she always does in the evenings.
(Julieye imdi tlf aarsan akamlar herzaman yapt gibi ders alyor olacak.)
5)After going to Switzerland,he will have visited every country in Europe.
(svireye gittikten sonra Avrupadaki her lkeyi ziyaret etmi olacam.)
6)Will you have finished the time table by the end of the day?
(Gn bitimiyle beraber zaman izelgesini bitirmi olacakmsn?)
7)It will have takenus three weeks to finish this project by the time its completed.
(Buprojeyi bitirmek bizim haftamz alm olacak.)
8)I will be waiting for you in the caf,so theres no need for you to hurry.
(Acele etmene hi gerek yok;ben seni kafe!de bekliyor olacam.)
9)This time next month,I will be skiing this Alps.
(Gelecek ay bu vakitlerde Alplerde kayak yapyor olacam.)
10)I will be watching a video this evening so why dont you come?
(Bu akam film izliyor olacam,niin gelmiyorsun?)
1- The train to paris ................. at 6.45 am.
A) leaves B) is leaving C) leave
2- He ............ TV. When the phone rang.
A)watches B) has watched C)was watching
3- Mary.................. for four years before she became a lawyer.
A)has studied B) is studying C)had been studying
4- Anna is from Paris but ........................in London for two years.
A) lives B) is living C) has lived
5- I .................. Julie yet.
A) havent seen B) didnt see C) dont see
6- Tommy is sweaty; he .................football for hours.
A) played B) has been playing C) had played
7- While Mum was cooking dinner, Julie .....................the house
A) was cleaning B) has cleaned C) cleans
8- He went to bed after the film...................
A) has ended B) had ended C)ends
9- She has been eating a lot lately; I think she..............weight
A) puts on B) put on C) has put on
10- He usually ...................by train.
A)has travelled B) travels C) is travelling
11- He filled in his name, signed the contract and......................it to the secratery.
A) gave B) has given C) had given
12- He was soaked to the skin because he ....................... in the rain
A) walked B) is walking C) had been raining
13- She took her raincoat as it..................
A) was raining B) is raining C) has been raining
14- Her eyes are red because she ...................onions
A) peeled B) has been peeling
15- He ....................in this house for five month.
A) is living B) was living C) has been living
16- Joseph ...................... in the garden since eight this morning.
A) has dug B) has been digging C)is digging
17- She ................. the news when I saw her
A) didnt hear B) works C) has worked
18- John ...................as awaiter until he finds a better job
A) is working B) works C) has worked
19- .................. this newfilm yet.
A) do you see B) have you seen C) r u seeing
20- Tim was ironing while Marie ...................... telvision.
A) had been watching B) was watching C) watched
21-Ann .............. an hour ago.
A)had called B)has called C)called
22-How long is it since he .....................
A)had left B)left C)leaves
23-She ................. two rooms so far.
A)cleans B)has cleaned C)cleaned
24-The bamb exploded as they ........... the road.
A)were crosing B)cross C)has crossed
25-She has been in NewYork ....................... May.
A)after B)since C)for
26-He ........... a bath at the moment.
A)has B)has had C)is having
27-He .............. to Rome every month.
A)is travelling B)travels C)traveling
28-Paul ............... in Munih for two weeks by next Monday.
A)will be B)will have been C)is going to be
29-She .................... her grandperents this month.
A)wasnt visiting B)hadnt visited C)hasnt visited
30-Its two years since Steve last .............. football.
A)played B)had played C)was playing
26.11.2001 monday
31-John ............ letters since here came in this morning.
A)was typing B)typed C)has been typing
32-The children ..... cartoons when father came.(baba geldiinde ocuklar
izgifilm seyrediyorlard)
A)have watched B)were watching C)watched
33-The dinner Sheilla ...... for us last night was delicious.( delicious=lezzetli)
A)was cooking B)cooked C)has been cooking
34-They............. in Manchester since 1994.(Onlar 1994 den beri Manchester da
yayorlar)
A)were living B)lived C)has been living
35-She ... hard all day and now she is exhausted.( exhausted=bitkin)
A)was working B)worked C) has been working
36-Paul eats too much.He ... on weight.(put on weight= kilo almak)
A)was putting B)put C)has put
37-The helicopter ............. over the forest when we saw it.(forest=orman)
A)was flying B)flew C)has been flying
38-Peter is very rich ,he . three limousines.
A)owns B)is owning C)has owned
39-Peter .... a shower when the phone rang.(telefon aldnda Peter banyo
yapyordu)
A)had B)has had C)was having
40-Carl ...... his homework now he can play with his friends.
A)was finishing B)has finished C)finishes
41-Jim was exhausted because he .... all day
A)was wolking B)had been walking C)had walked
42-Karen ........ to Indio two years ago.(Karen Indiodan 2 yl nce ayrld)
A)had gone B)went C)was going
43-By 5 oclock,he ......... two letters.(Saat 5 te 2 mektup yazm olacam.)
A)will have written B)will have been writing C)will write
44-Tom ... very hard this month(Tom bu ay ok sk alt.)
A)works B) had worked C) has worked
45-I ........ typing the letter yet.(Mektubu daktilo etmeyi henz bitirmedim)
A)have finished B) havent finished C) didnt finished
46-Peter was angry because he ... bus.(Peter sinirliydi nk otobs karm.)
A)has missed B)had missed C)misses
47-He ....... for London tomorrow morning.(O yarn sabah Londradan geliyor.)
A)has been leaving B)has left C)is leaving
48-This time next month I ......... in Cannes.(Gelecek ay bu zamanlar Canneste
gneleniyor olacam)
A)will sunbathe B)will be sunbathing C)will have sunbathed
49-I cant see you tonight because I ..... with Tina. (Bu akam senle
gremiycemiTinayla yemek yiycem)
A)have B)was having C)am having
50-He . to Paris ten days ago.(O Paristen 10 gn nce geldi.)
A)had come B)came C)has come
51-I .... an hour ago and Im still waiting for my friend.(1 saat nce geldim ve
hala arkadam bekliyorum)
A)was arriving B)have arrived C)arrived
52-I .... you for ages!
A)didnt see B)havent seen C)saw
53-Next year Jack ...... at Oxford University.(Jack gelecek yl Oxford nv.
okuyor olacak.)
A)will have studied B)will be studying C) will have been studying
54-His hands were dirty,because he ...... in the garden.(Onun elleri kirli nk
bahede alm.)
A)has been working B)had been working C)will be working
55-David .. with us next Christmas
A)is staying B)stays C)was staying
56-They .......... to the countryside two years ago.
A)will move B)moved C)are moving
57-He .... all his money now he cant pay his rent.
A)has spent B)will spend C)is spending
58-By December I ........... as a teacher for ten years.
A)will have been working B)will be working C)am going to work
59-How long ago .... taking driving lessons?
A)have you started B)did you start C)had you started
60-He ..... for this firm for three years before he was given a promation.
A)had been working B)has been working C)is working
(a-c-c-c-a-b-a-b-c-b-a-c-a-b-c-b-c-a-b-b-c-b-b-a-b-c-b-b-c-a-c-b-b-b-a-b-a-a-b-a)