LESSON

3
LECTURE
CHEMICAL INJECTION AND
CHLORINATION
SUB-OBJECTIVE
At the end of the Lesson the Trainees i!! "e a"!e to de#onstrate an
$nderstandin% of &he#i&a! in'e&tion and &h!orination(
)(* SEA +ATER
The make up seawater is pre-treated. It is injected with three kinds of
chemicals before being mixed with the recycle brine.
These chemicals are supplied from the CHEIC!" #EE$ %&%TE.
'. !nti-scale additi(e.
). !nti-foam agent.
*. +xygen sca(enger.
,i%( --3-)( Che#i&a! in'e&tion(
MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE COURSE MODULE 8
LESSON 3 PAGE 1 DESALINATION
)() ANTI-SCALE ADDITIVE
,hen sea water is heated (arious components of its make up are deposited
on the walls of the E(aporator unit.
These %C!"E% form most easily and more hea(ily in the hotter parts of the
unit such as the brine heater and heat reco(ery section.
They make the plant (ery inefficient and uneconomic- so it is (ery important
that scale does not form especially on the heat transfer surfaces. .oly-
.hosphate- an !nti-scale additi(e reduces the formation of scale.
%cale does not form in the lower temperature heat rejection section.
,i%( --3-.( Che#i&a! feed aterin% /$#/(
)(. ANTI-,OAMIN0 A0ENT
%ea water has a tendency to foam on its way through the plant and flash
chambers. This foaming can carry o(er contaminants which reduces the
/uality of the product water so it must be a(oided.
&ou will notice that the pump supplying the anti-foaming agent is called a
chemical feed metering pump.
It belongs to the positi(e displacement family of pumps- the reciprocating
stroke of which can by adjusted by a stroke adjustment handle.
MODULE 8 MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE COURSE
DESALINATION LESSON 3 PAGE 2
This metering pump accurately supplies the correct dose of chemical at all
times.
)(3 O120EN SCAVEN0ER
ost of the gases in the sea water and brine ha(e been remo(ed in the
deaerator- howe(er- a small amount of air may still remain- and this air could
contain oxygen.
E(en a small amount of oxygen can cause a large amount of corrosion so the
chemical. %odium sulfite is used to remo(e the oxygen.
It is administered in much the same way as the anti-foam chemical.
3UESTIONS
'. ,hat chemical is used to remo(e oxygen0
). ,hy adjust the length of stroke or the metering pump0
MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE COURSE MODULE 8
LESSON 3 PAGE 3 DESALINATION