THIT K SN SN BTCT TON KHI C BN LOI DM

I.Cc s liu v s d thit k:

1.1.S sn:

1.2.Kch thc sn:

- Kch thc t gia trc dm v trc tng: l1= 2,3(m); l2= 5,5(m). Tng chu
lc, c chiu dy t= 34(cm).
- Cu to mt sn gm 4 lp nh s .
Hot ti tiu chun:
ptc= 1100(daN/m2)

GA
CH CERAMIC DAY 10mm

VA XI MNG DAY 25mm

BAN BTCT DAY 90mm
LP TRAT TAM H
P DAY 20mm

1.3.Vt liu:
- Btng B15, ct thp ca bn v ct ai ca dm loi AI, ct dc ca dm loi
AII.
1.4.S liu tnh ton ca vt liu:
- Btng vi cp bn chu nn B15 c: Rb = 8,5 MPa; Rbt = 0,75 MPa.
- Ct thp AI c: Rs= 225 MPa; Rsc= 225 MPa; Rsw= 175 MPa.
- Ct thp AII c: Rs= 280 MPa; Rsc= 280 MPa; Rsw=225 MPa.
(Tra bng PL5)

II.Tnh ton bn:

2.1.S bn sn:
- Xt t s hai cnh bn:

l 2 5,4

2,08 2
l1 2,6

- Bn l bn dm, ti trng ch lm vic theo phng cnh ngn (phng l 1), do

khi tnh ton c th tng tng ct ra mt di c chiu rng mt mt theo phng
ngn xc nh ni lc v tnh ton ct thp chu lc t theo phng l1.Ta c
sn sn ton khi bn dm. Cc dm t trc B n trc C l dm chnh, cc dm
ngang l dm ph.
- tnh bn, ta ct mt di rng b1= 1(m) vung gc vi dm ph v xem nh
mt dm lin tc.

Hnh 2:S xc nh nhp tnh ton ca bn

2.2.La chn kch thc cc b phn:
2.2.1.Chiu dy bn hb:
- p dng cng thc: hb

D
l
m

- Trong : l l nhp ca bn (cnh bn theo phng chu lc), l = l 1=

260(cm).
D = 0,8 1,4 ph thuc ti trng.
m: ph thuc loi bn; m = 30 35.
- V ti trng kh ln nn chn D= 1,3 ; chn m= 32.
Vy:

hb=

1,3 260
= 10,6 (cm) . Chn hb= 11cm) hmin= 6(cm)
32

2.2.2.Dm ph:
- Chiu cao tit din dm chn theo nhp:
hdp=

1
ld
md

Trong : ld nhp dm ang xt, ld= l2= 540(cm).

md h s, vi dm ph md= 12 16, chn md = 14.
Vy:

hdp=

1
540 = 38,6cm)
14

- Chn hdp = 40(cm).

bdp = (0,3-0,5hdp), chn bdp = 20(cm)
Vy kch thc s b ca dm ph l 20 40cm
2.2.3.Dm chnh:

- Nhp dm chnh: ld = 3 l1 = 3 260 =780(cm).

- Vi dm chnh md= 12 16, v ti trng ln nn chn md nh. Chn md = 13.
- Chiu cao tit din dm chnh:
hdc =

1
780 = 60 (cm).
13

- Chn hdc= 60(cm), bdc = 32(cm).

Vy kch thc s b ca dm chnh l 32 60cm.
2.3.Nhp tnh ton ca bn:
Nhp tnh ton ca bn :
- Nhp gia: l = l1 bdp = 2,6 0,2 = 2,4 (m).
- Nhp bin: Nhp tnh ton l0 ly bng khong cch t mp dm ph n im t
phn lc gi ta trn tng. im ny c qui c cch mp ca tng mt
on:
Cb = 120(mm).
bdp

200 340 120

t Cb
= 2600
= 2390 (mm) = 2,39 (m)

2 2 2
2
2
2
2400 2390
- Chnh lch gia cc nhp:
100% = 0,1% < 10% nn ta dng s
2400

lb= l1b

tnh bn c k n s xut hin ca khp do.

2.4.Ti trng trn bn:
- Hot ti tnh ton:
pb = ptc n = 9,4 1,2 =11,28 kN/m2.
- Tnh ti c tnh ton v ghi trong bng sau:
Chiu
dy
(mm)

- Va xi mng

10
25

Trng
lng
ring
(KN/m3)
20
18

- Bn btng ct thp
- Va trt

90
20

25
18

Cc lp
Gch ceramic

Tng cng

Tiu chun
(KN/m2)
0,2

n
1,2

Tnh
ton(KN/m2)
0,24

0,45

1,3

0,59

2,25
0,36

1,1
1,3

2,48
0,47

3,26

3,78

Ly gb = 3,78 (kN/m2)
Ti trng ton phn qb = pb + gb = 11,28 + 3,78 =15,06 (kN/m2)
V bn c tnh nh mt dm lin tc u nhp c b rng b = 1m nn ti trng
tnh ton phn b u trn 1m bn sn l:
qtt= qb x 1= 15,06(kN/m2)
2.5.Tnh mmen:
V s chnh lch gia cc nhp tnh ton < 10% nn mmen trong bn c xc
nh theo s khp do, ta c th dng cng thc tnh sn tnh mmen cho cc
tit din nh sau:
* Mmen dng gia nhp gia:
qb l 2
15,06 2,4 2
Mnhg = +
=
= 5,4 (kNm)
16
16

* Mmen m gi ta gia
Mgg = -

qb l 2
15,06 2,4 2
== - 5,4 (kNm)
16
16

* Mmen dng ln nht nhp bin:

Mnhb =

q b l b2
15,06 2,39 2
=
= 5,6 (kNm)
16
11

* Mmen m gi ta th hai:
Mnhb = -

q b l b2
15 ,06 2,39 2
== - 5,6 (kNm)
11
16

S tnh v biu mmen ca bn sn

2.6.Tnh ct thp:
Chn a = 1,5(cm).Trong : a l khong cch t mp chu ko ca tit din
n trng tm ca ct thp chu ko.
Chiu cao lm vic ca tit din: h0= h - a =11 - 1,5 = 9,5 (cm)
Khi thit k sn btng ct thp chng ta phi c gng trnh hin tng ph
hoi gin, v khng tn dng ht kh nng chu lc ca ct thp. hn ch iu
ny ngi thit k phi b tr mt lng ct thp hp l xy ra hin tng ph
hoi do, khi s tn dng ht kh nng chu lc ca ct thp.
m bo xy ra ph hoi do th ct thp As phi khng c qu nhiu,
tc l phi hn ch As v tng ng vi n l hn ch chiu cao vng chu nn x.
Cc nghin cu thc nghim cho bit trng hp ph hoi do s xy ra khi:

x
x
R R
h0
h0

Rs
1
sc ,u 1,1

Trong : - c trng tnh cht bin dng ca vng btng chu nn.
= - 0,008Rb
Btng s dng l btng nng nn = 0,85, Rb = 8,5MPa.
= 0,85 0,008 8,5 = 0,758.
sc, u - ng sut gii hn ca ca ct thp trong vng btng chu nn:
sc, u = 500MPa.
Vy :
R

xR

h0

Rs

sc ,u 1.1

0,758
= 0,66
225 0,758
1
1

500
1,1

R R 1 0,5 R = 0,66 (1 0,5 0,66) = 0,442

M
m
Rb bh02

2.6.1.Tnh ct thp nhp bin v gi bin:

M = Mnhb = 5,98 (kNm)
m

5,98 10 6
= 0,125
8,5 1000 75 2

V m R tra bng PL 5 ta c = 0,933

Din tch ct thp c tnh theo cng thc:
As =

M
5,98 10 6
=
= 380 (mm2) = 3,80 (cm2).
225 0,933 75
Rs h0

Hm lng ct thp trong bn phn nhp bin v gi bin:

As
3,80
=
100 % = 0,507%
bh0 100 7,5
R
8,5
m ax R b 0,66
0,025 2,5%
Rs
225

Vy: min= 0,05% = 0,507% max = 2,5%. Tha mn.

D kin dng ct thp 8, fa = 0,503 (cm2).
Khong cch gia cc ct thp s l:
a

b1 f a 100 0,503
=
= 13,24 (cm).
As
3,80

Chn 8; a = 13(cm);c As = 3,87(cm2).

2.6.2. Tnh ct thp nhp gia v gi gia:
Vi M = Mnhg = Mg = 4,15 (kNm)

M
4,15 106
= 0,087

Rb b h02 8,5 1000 752

V m R tra bng PL 5 ta c =0,955

Din tch ct thp c tnh theo cng thc:
As =

M
4,15 10 6
=
= 258 (mm2) = 2,58 (cm2).
225 0,955 75
Rs h0

Hm lng ct thp trong bn phn nhp gia v gi gia:

As
2,58
=
100 % = 0,34%
bh0 100 7,5

Vy: =0,34% > min = 0,05% tha mn.

D kin dng ct thp 6; fa = 0,283 (cm2).
Khong cch gia cc ct thp s l:
a

b fa
As

100 0,283
= 10,97 (cm).
2,58

Chn 6, a = 11 (cm), c As = 2,57 (cm2).Thiu ht trong phm vi cho php.

Ti cc nhp gia v gi gia, cc bn c dm lin kt 4 bn, c php gim
ti a 20% ct thp cAs. Ta chn gim 15% ct thp.
As = 0,85 2,58= 2,19 (cm2)
Hm lng ct thp :

As
2,19
=
100 % = 0,29%
bh0 100 7,5

Vy: =0,29% > min = 0,05% tha mn.

Khong cch gia cc ct thp s l:
a

b1 f a 100 0,283
=
= 12,9 (cm)
As
2,19

Chn dng 6, a = 13 (cm), c As = 2,17 (cm2). Thiu ht trong phm vi cho php.
Kim tra li chiu cao lm vic h0. Ly lp bo v 1(cm).
* Vi tit din dng 8, c h0 = 9 1 0,4 = 7,6(cm).
* Vi tit din dng 6, c h0 = 9 1 0,3 = 7,7(cm).
Nhn xt: h0 u xp x v nghing v pha ln hn so vi tr s dng tnh
ton l 7,5 (cm), nn s b tr ct thp nh trn l c v thin v an ton.
2.6.3.Ct thp chu mmen m theo cu to:

C nhng vng bn c th chu mmen m nhng trong tnh ton b qua.

l dc theo cc gi bin khi bn c chn cng vo tng ( trong tnh ton
xem l gi t do, M = 0), l vng bn pha trn dm chnh (trong tnh ton b qua
s lm vic theo phng cnh di). Cn t ct thp chu mmen m ni trn,
trnh cho bn c nhng vt nt do cc mmen gy ra v lm tng cng tng
th ca bn.
Xt t s:

pb 11,28
p

= 2,98 1< b < 3. 0,25

gb
3,78
gb

Khong cch t mp dm ph n mt ct m bng: 0,252100= 530(mm).

Vi hb =9(cm) c th tit kim ct thp bng cch un phi hp.
* Khong cch t mp dm ph n im un l:

1
1
lb 2,09 0,35(m)
6
6

* Khong cch t mp trc dm n im un l: 0,35 + 0,1 =

0,45(m).
2.6.4.Ct thp phn b - cu to:
Ct thp cu to chu mmen m dc theo cc gi bin v pha trn dm chnh
c xc nh:
As,ct 50%As gi gia = 0,5 2,58 = 1,29cm2
As,ct 6 a200
Chn 6 a200 c As = 1,41cm2.
Dng cc thanh ct m.
* Khong cch t mp ct m n mp dm chnh:
1
1
l 2,1 0,53 (m)
4
4

* Khong cch t mp ct m n trc dm:

0.53 + 0,5/2 = 0,78(m).
* Khong cch on mc vung ca ct m = hb- ao = 9-1=8(cm).
Chiu di ton b thanh(k c hai mc vung):
0,78 2 0,08 2 = 1,72(m) = 172 (cm).
Ct phn b t vung gc v lin kt vi ct chu lc. Din tch cc ct
ny, tnh trong phm vi b rng di bn b1 = 1m.
* Ct thp phn b pha di chn theo iu kin sau:

L2 5500

2,30 < 3
L1 2300

2<

As,pb 20% Ast = 0,23,80 = 0,76cm

Chn 6a300 c Asc= 0,94cm2

Mt ct III-III

340
120
630

270

630

630

450

630
450

630

450

630
450

450

90

450

6 a300 6

6 a300 6

2090
2300

100

2100
2300

100

1080

14

80
1750

50

6 a220
4
L=3100

8 a260
L=2420

14

100

100

0
14

6 a220
5
L=2440
2340

60
50

6 a220
4
L=3100

14

1080

1750

6 a220
4
L=3100
1750

50

80

80

2
1760

6 a220
4
L=3100 1
4

1080

80

80

80
380

2100
2300

1080

8 a260
3
L=1420
1260

80

100

6 a300 6

8 a260
1
L=3030
1670

60

100

6 a300

6 a300 6

1750

50

1080

14

80

50

B tr ct thp theo mt ct I-I

340
120
630
450

630

450

6 a300 6

2090
2300

630
450

6 a300 6
100

100

630

450

6 a300

6 a300 6

2100
2300

100

630
450

100

2100
2300

6 a300 6

100

100

1
8 a260
1
L=3030
1670

60

380
80

450
90

630

270

14
0

8 a260
2
L=2420
1760

80
50

1750

80
6 a260
4
L=3100

0
14

50

1750

1080
80

1080
80

60
1080

80

1080

1080

0
14

6 a260
4
L=3100 1
40

14
0

6 a260
4
L=3100

50

1750
50

1750

B tr ct thp theo mt ct II-II

6 a260
4
L=3100

0
14

6 a260
4
L=3100 1
40

1080
80