CHAPTER I

The Problem


Science provide a vast opportunity to anyone who put much endeavor into it.
It is desirable to consider the fact that science is not just a body of knowledge but also a way of
working.(Flores ,t.al 2004). Many students find it uninteresting and irrelevant upon seeing
the totality of the principle and concepts .The quality learning atmosphere become so
blurred in this case. This reality calls for teachers utilizes simple but effective teaching
strategies .It is the role of the science teacher s to make it accessible to the learners.
This SIM on refraction of light was developed to remediate the learning outcomes
of Fourth Year students. This includes Activity cards that present lesson in a very simple and
practical way.It is a way of encouraging the students to study and work hard in order to learn
and to pass .It is a learning tool that will help students to understand the concepts without
further misconception and misunderstanding. It is an approach that is suited to the learning style
of the learners.
The researcher applied the SIM to forty (40) randomly selected fourth year
students of Doa Rosario National High School , Tubay District II of the Division of Agusan
del Norte, Caraga Administrative Region.
Statistical tools like the test-retest method was used to determine the reliability of
the intervention materials applied in the lesson. Questionnaires and test were also specifically
designed to find the efficiency of the SIM.
The primary aim of the study is to find out the effectiveness of this Strategic
Intervention Material in teaching Physics (Refraction of Light: Expedition of Bending Light ) to
fourth year students of Doa Rosario National High School, Tubay , Agusan del Norte.

Problem
The Effectiveness of EXPEDITION OF BENDING LIGHT :REFRACTION
OF LIGHT A Strategic Intervention Material in Physics as a Supplemental Material for the
topic Refraction of Light.


Significance of the Study
Preliminary Investigation:
The Science Supervisor and the Physics teacher conduct a thorough analysis on the
test result in Physics. Then it was found out that there is one of the learning competency which
was least learned by the students is on understanding the concept of refraction of light in
different media.
The above mentioned reality opted the researcher to prepare and continually
developed the Strategic Intervention Material Expedition of Bending Light: Refraction of
Light which aims to help students to have the ease in understanding the refraction of light and
explain the apparent changes of position of things.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study started in the early part of the second semester the school year 2011-
2012.
The subject of the study were the forty (40) fourth year students randomly selected
of Dona Rosario National High School.
Tis study focus only on the effectiveness of the use of Expedition of Bending
Light : Refraction of Light a Strategic Intervention Material (SIM) in Physics.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Quality Learning it refers to general standard of acquiring knowledge
Effectiveness - a way that produced a desired result
Instructional Materials - refrers to the materials that used in the learning process
SIM - refers to Strategic Intervention Material








CHAPTER 2
REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE

Physics as the final science subject to high school students is considered one
among the toughest subject in the curriculum. Most of the lesson is associated with concepts
that explain the behavior of matter and forces.One of the evidence of this situation is the result
of the (NAT) National Achievement Test (2010) in which Physics is rank third in MPS.
Learners in todays generation are easily felt boring when the teaching strategies of
the teachers are not effective. They look for interesting learning task that would eventually
provide attention. They want a more fun and creative activities. If not, they tend to show poor
memory and responses.
No matter how good (or bad) your memory is, you could probably make much
better of the capacity you do have.As James Wienland (1957) has said A person is entitled to
say that he has a poor memory only if he forgets many things that deeply interest him and that
he has made on effort to remember.
It would appear that poor responses of the learners mark teachers inefficiency and
ineffectiveness. The competent teacher is well versatile when it comes to teaching strategies.
Help learners require expanded repertoire in learning strategies ,keep teachers from becoming
routine and dull (Glenn Hoss 1977)


B.RELATED STUDIES
Educational research indicates that the difficulties in teaching science in
process approach are adequacy of science equipment and lack of instructional materials.
The research specialist emphasized the principle in forming the basis on
which teacher should design the learning environment that arouse student interest and
work hard through cooperative learning.
The above mentioned literature help the researcher gain a perspective
regarding the effectiveness on the use of EXPEDITION OF BENDING LIGHT
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL(SIM) of a least learned competency in
Physics.

CHAPTER 3
THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methods and procedures used in the study.

RESEARCH DESIGN
The test retest method is used in this action research in determining the
effectiveness of the Expedition of Bending Light as Strategic Intervention Material in
Physics.
RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT
This study was conducted to forty (40) randomly selected fourth year students of Doa
Rosario National High School , Tubay District II of the Division of Agusan del Norte, Caraga
Administrative Region.

POPULATION AND SAMPLE

The forty (40) respondents came from the two section of Fourth Year Galileo and
Aristotle .

MATERIALS

Every copy of SIM Expedition of Bending Light requires the following
supplies :
. 8.5 x 11 paper
. Computer installed with graphic source and printer
.Tricolor and Black computer Ink
.Snake and Light Rays Board
.Ballpen

PREPARATION

1. Choose the least learned competency in Physics IV
2. Structure and design activities congruent to the study
3. Settle and set-up the SIM
4. Test and administer the organized SIM to the respondents.



TESTING THE RELIABILITY AND EFFECTIVENESS

A questionnaire wasadministered to the respondents .Ten questions were
stated regarding the perception of the students on the functionality and effectiveness of
the SIM. The reliability of the tool used was tested by conducting the test-retest method
using the teacher made assessment cards.



DATA GATHERING

A permission to conduct the study was secured by the researcher to the
administrator of Dona Rosario National High School. The SIM and questionnaire are
withdrawn immediately after giving the respondents enough time to answer.

RESULT OF PRETEST AND POSTEST

Table 1. Frequency Distribution of Pre Test and Post Tests

Assessment
Cards
No. of
Items
Mean of
Pre-Test
% of
Mean
Pre-Test
Mean of
Post Test
Result
% of
Mean
Pos-Test
% of
Increase
1 5 2.83 56.60% 5 100.00% 38.30%
2 5 2.65 53.00% 4 80.00% 27.00%
3 3 1.35 45.00% 2.35 78.33% 33.33%
4 10 3.88 38.80% 8.75 87.50% 48.70%
I 10 2.88 28.80% 7.75 71.50% 48.70%
II 5 1.38 27.60% 2.38 47.60% 20.00%
Total 38 14.97 249.80 30.23 470.93 221.13
Average 2.495 41.63% 5.03 78.49 36.85%

The table 1 presents the Performance level of the students in the Pre-test and Post
Test there is a significant increase as shown in assessment 1,2, 3, 4, I,II, as indicated
In the average percentage increase of 36.85%. This is a manifestation of reliability and
efficiency of the strategic intervention material as an supplemental material in improving
thestudents level of performance in a least learned competency.








Table 2.1 Frequency Distribution of Pre- Test Result

PRE - TESTS
Score
1 % 2 %
Score
3 %
Score
4 % I %
Score
II %
4-5
3 10-7 7 17.5 4 10 4-5
2-3
23 57.5 29 72.5 2 19 47.5 6-4 18 45.0 23 57.5 2-3
21
52.5
0-1
17 23.5 11 27.5 0-1 21 53.5 3-0 15 37.5 13 32.5 0-1
19
47.5
Total
40 100 40 100 T 40 100 T 40 100
40 T
40
100
Interpretation Poor Poor Poor Poor Poor Poor


POST - TESTS
Score
1 % 2 %
Score
3 %
Score
4 % I %
Score
II %
4-5
40 100 40 100 3 40 100 10-7 40 100 40 100 4-5
37
92.5
2-3
2 6-4 2-3
3
7.5
0-1
0-1 3-0 0-1


Total
40 100 40 100 T 40 100 T 40 100
40 T
40
100
Interpretation Very
Good
Very
Good
Very
Good
Very
Good
Very
Good
Very
Good

Legend 1:
Very Poor = more than 50% of the students got 0-1 out of 5 items
Poor = more than 50% of the students got 2-3 out of 5 items
Good = 50% of the students got 4-5 scores out of 5 items
Very Good = 100% of the students got 4-5 scores out of 5 items

Legend 2:
Very Poor = more than 50% of the students got 0-1 out of 3 items
Poor = more than 50% of the students got 2 out of 3 items
Good = 50% of the students got 2 scores out of 3 items
Very Good = 100% of the students got 3 scores out of 3 items





Legend 2:
Very Poor = more than 50% of the students got 0-3 out of 10 items
Poor = more than 50% of the students got 4-6 out of 10 items
Good = 50% of the students got 7-10 scores out of 10 items
Very Good = 100% of the students got 7-10 scores out of 10 items

Table 2.1 and 2.2 presents the frequency distribution of Pre-Test and Post Test
results. Table 2.2 indicates that the respondents obtained significant increase on the
performance level as one hundred percent (100%) of them got the scores ranging from 4-
5 out of 5 items and 7-10 out of 10 items which is interpreted as very good compared to the
data presented in the Table 2.1 wherein more than (50%) of them only got the scores
ranging from 2-3 out of 5 items and 4 - 6 out of 10 items which is interpreted as poor .
It implies that using the strategic intervention material has a positive output and had
commendable impact on the improvement of the students learning.





ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SIM
Table 3 revealed that the respondents strongly favored on the effectiveness and
efficiency of the strategic intervention material. Tha data indicates that the SIM can be
used as supplemental material to improve the low level of performance of the students on
understanding the concept of refraction of light in different media.



Table 3. Percentage of Student,s Perception on the Functionality and Effectiveness of the
Strategic Intervention Material
Variables Excellent % Very
Good
% Good % Fair % Poor %
1.Content is
suitable to the
students level of
development.

32

80.0

7

17.5

1

2.5

0

0

0

0
2. Difficult concepts
are precisely
defined.
34 85.0 4 10.0 2 5.0 0 0 0 0
3.It provides for the
development of
higher order
thinking skills such
as critical thinking
and learning by
doing.


29


72.50


9


22.50


2


5.0


0


0


0


0
4.Concepts are
presented are
adapted from real
life situation.

36

90

3

7.5

1

2.5

0

0

0

0
5.Activities are
interactive,
entertaining and
interesting.

38

95

2

5.0

0

0

0

0

0

0
6.It emphasizes
simplicity and
measurability.

37

92.5

3

7.5

0

0

0

0

0

0
7.It enhances the
development of
desirable values and
traits such as
cooperation, desire
to learn new
things,scientific
attitude and
honesty.



36



90.0



4



10.0



0



0






0



0



0



0
8.It taps the
multiple
intelligences of the
learners.

38

95.0

2

5.0

0


0

0

0

0

0

Excellent
Good
Poor
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Excellent
Very Good
Good
Fair
Poor
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
PRE-TEST
POST-TEST











PRE- TEST AGAINST POST-TEST


GRAPH ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SIM


DOCUMENTATION




























APPENDICES












IV. CONCLUSION AND RECCOMENDATION

CONCLUSION

In view of the findings , the researcher is optimistic and grateful since the application of
the Strategic intervention material using simple activities and basic innovative materials in
teaching Physics specifically on refraction of light in different media has significant results. It
encourage the students to learn the topic in the simplest and entertaining manner through board
games. Since the material is stand alone material , it likewise lessen the burdens of the teacher
to give all the information because the students can do the task all by themeselves. It help the
teacher to become effective faciltator .


RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the findings and the conclusion generated from the study, the
following are forwarded recommendations:

1.The SIM in Expedition of Bending Light must be used in Fourth Year
students.
2.Science teachers must adopt the use the SIM which is an effective tool in
teaching science specially the least learned competencies.
3.Science teachers must continually develop and design SIM which are
simple but captivating and would motivate lerners to do the task required accurately





Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Division of Agusan del Norte
Tubay District II
Dona Rosario National High School
Dona Rosario , Tubay, Agusan del Norte





School Action Research on the Use of Strategic
Intervention Material in Physics Teaching
EXPEDITION OF BENDING LIGHT
(Refraction of Light )

Developer:

WILLIAM E. FELISILDA
SST-II