Ideal gas law Application to air

Air
P: pressure [Pa] Air molecular mass
v : Specific volume [m/kg] MM =
R : gas constant [J / (kg*K)]
T : Temperature [K] Air constant
R =
Rg =
MM =
R : gas constant (of a particular gas) R =
R
g
: general gas constant [ J / (kmol*K)]
M : molecular mass [kg/kmol] Air density in normal state
R
g
=
8314.41 [ J / (kmol*K)]
r =
P =
R =
T =
V : volume [m]
r =
m : mass [kg]
V : molar volume m / kmol
T R v p
M
R
R
g

m v V
T R m V p
T R m m v p


M v v
T R M p
T R M M v p


v
Rev. cjc. 31.01.2014
Air density
Air molecular mass (Sheet MM) Gauge pressure
28.966 kg/kmol P
gauge
= 4 bar
Height above sea level
H = 2500 m.a.s.l.
Rg / MM Ambient temperature
8314.41 [ J / (kmol*K)] t = 5 C
28.966 kg/kmol
287.0 J/(kg*K) Local atmospheric pressure [1]
P
loc_atm
=
101,325* (1 -2,25577E-5 * H)^5,25588
Air density in normal state H = 2500 m.a.s.l.
P / (R*T)
P
loc_amb
=
74.68 kPa
101,325 Pa
287.0 [J/(kg*kmol) Absolute air pressure
273.15 K P = P
gauge
+ P
loc_atm
1.29 kg/m P
gauge
= 400,000 Pa
P
loc_amb
= 74,683 Pa
P = 474,683 Pa
Absolute ambient temperature
T = t + 273.15
t = 5 C
T = 278.15 K
Air density
r = P / (R*T)
P = 474,683 Pa
R = 287.0 [J/(kg*kmol)
T = 278.15 K
r = 5.95 kg/m
Rev. cjc. 31.01.2014
Air constant
R = Rg / MM
Rg = 8314.41 [ J / (kmol*K)]
MM = 28.966 kg/kmol
R = 287.0 J/(kg*K)
Ideal gas law Application to nitrogen
Nitrogen
P: pressure [Pa] Nitrogen molecular mass
v : Specific volume [m/kg] MM =
R : gas constant [J / (kg*K)]
T : Temperature [K] Nitrogen constant
R =
Rg =
MM =
R : gas constant (of a particular gas) R =
R
g
: general gas constant [ J / (kmol*K)]
M : molecular mass [kg/kmol] Nitrogen density in normal state
R
g
=
8314.41 [ J / (kmol*K)]
r =
P =
R =
T =
V : volume [m]
r =
m : mass [kg]
V : molar volume m / kmol
T R v p
M
R
R
g

m v V
T R m V p
T R m m v p


M v v
T R M p
T R M M v p


v
Rev. cjc. 03.07.2013
Application to nitrogen
Nitrogen density
Nitrogen molecular mass (Sheet MM) Gauge pressure
28.0134 kg/kmol P
gauge
= 4 bar
Height above sea level
Nitrogen constant H = 2500 m.a.s.l.
Rg / MM Ambient temperature
8314.41 [ J / (kmol*K)] t = 5 C
28.0134 kg/kmol
296.8 J/(kg*K) Local atmospheric pressure [1]
P
loc_atm
=
101,325* (1 -2,25577E-5 * H)^5,25588
Nitrogen density in normal state H = 2500 m.a.s.l.
P / (R*T)
P
loc_amb
=
74.68 kPa
101,325 Pa
296.8 [J/(kg*kmol) Absolute pressure of nitrogen
273.15 K P = P
gauge
+ P
loc_atm
1.25 kg/m P
gauge
= 400,000 Pa
P
loc_amb
= 74,683 Pa
P = 474,683 Pa
Absolute ambient temperature
T = t + 273.15
t = 5 C
T = 278.15 K
Nitrogen density
r = P / (R*T)
P = 474,683 Pa
R = 296.8 [J/(kg*kmol)
T = 278.15 K
r = 5.75 kg/m
Rev. cjc. 03.07.2013
Nitrogen constant
R = Rg / MM
Rg = 8314.41 [ J / (kmol*K)]
MM = 28.0134 kg/kmol
R = 296.8 J/(kg*K)
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/molecular-weight-gas-vapor-d_1156.html
Molecular Weight - Gases and Vapors
Molecular mass of common gases and vapors
The molecular weight of a substance, also called molecular mass, is the
mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic
mass unit u equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12.
Gas or Vapor Molecular Gas or Vapor
kg/kmol
Acetylene, C
2
H
2
26.04 Hydrogen, H
2
Air 28.966 Hydrogen Chloride
Ammonia (R-717) 17.02 Hydrogen Sulfide
Argon, Ar 39.948 Hydroxyl, OH
Benzene 78.11 Krypton
N-Butane, C
4
H
10
58.12 Methane, CH
4
Iso-Butane (2-Metyl propane) 58.12 Methyl Alcohol
Butadiene 54.09 Methyl Butane
1-Butene 56.108 Methyl Chloride
cis -2-Butene 56.108 Natural Gas
trans-2-Butene 56.108 Neon, Ne
Isobutene 56.108 Nitric Oxide, NO
2
Carbon Dioxide, CO
2
44.01 Nitrogen, N
2
Carbon Disulphide 76.13 Nitrous Oxide
Carbon Monoxide, CO 28.011 N-Octane
Chlorine 70.906 Oxygen, O
2
Cyclohexane 84.16 Ozone
Deuterium 2.014 N-Pentane
Ethane, C
2
H
6
30.07 Iso-Pentane
Ethyl Alcohol 46.07 Propane, C
3
H
8
Ethyl Chloride 64.515 Propylene
Ethylene, C
2
H
4
28.054
Fluorine 37.996
Helium, He 4.02
N-Heptane 100.2
Hexane 86.17
Hydrochloric Acid 36.47
Molecular Gas or Vapor Molecular
kg/kmol kg/kmol
2.016 R-11 137.37
36.461 R-12 120.92
34.076 R-22 86.48
17.01 R-114 170.93
83.8 R-123 152.93
16.044 R-134a 102.03
32.04 R-611 60.05
72.15 Sulfur 32.02
50.488 Sulfur Dioxide 64.06
19 Sulfuric Oxide 48.1
20.179 Toluene 92.13
30.006 Xenon 131.3
28.0134 Water Vapor - 18.02
44.012
114.22
31.9988
47.998
72.15
72.15
44.097
42.08
[1] The Engineering Toolbox
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/air-altitude-pressure-d_462.html
also
www.piping-tools.net
Atmospheric_temperature_pressure_and_density_as_function_of_the_height_above_sea_level.xlsm
Atmospheric_temperature_pressure_and_density_as_function_of_the_height_above_sea_level.xlsm
Script MT bold
Script MT bold