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+ =I

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& PQ+Q

( $

' $ 6* (? " D =<<IRRIE<I< " 1 = % " & #

23

) (

.

-
TPS, TPX,
TPY, TPZ .


.

1387

 -
- 428 -2

-1-1 ......................................................................................................................................................

-2-1 ......................................................................................................................

-1-2-1 .........................................................................

-2-2-1 ..........................................................................

-3-1 ....................................................................................................................................................

-1-3-1 ........................................................................................................

-3-3-1 ...............................................................................................................................

-4-3-1 .....................................................................................................................

-5-3-1 ...................................................................................................................

-6-3-1 ).................................................................................................... (Um

-7-3-1 ...................................................................................................................

-9-3-1 ) ( ......................................................................................

-10-3-1 .........................................................................................................................

-11-3-1 ..........................................................................................................................

-12-3-1 ......................................................................................................................................

-13-3-1 .............................................................................................................................

-14-3-1 .........................................................................................................................

-15-3-1 ..........................................................................................................

-16-3-1 .................................................................................................................

-17-3-1 ..............................................................................................................

-18-3-1 ..................................................................................................

-19-3-1 ..............................................................................................

-20-3-1 .........................................................................................................

-21-3-1 ..............................................................................................................

 -22-3-1 ........................................................................................

-23-3-1 ........................................................................................................................

-24-3-1 )................................................................................... (Im

-25-3-1 )............................................................................................. (Idyn

-26-3-1 ...................................................................................................

-27-3-1 ........................................................................................................................

-28-3-1 ..........................................................................................................

10

-29-3-1 ...............................................................................

10

-1-29-3-1 ............................................................................

10

-2-29-3-1 ................................................................

10

-3-29-3-1 ..................................................................................

10

-30-3-1 ...............................................................................................

11

-1-30-3-1 ...............................................................................

11

-2-30-3-1 ................................................................................................

11

-3-30-3-1 .................................................................................... P

11

-4-30-3-1 ..................................................................................

11

-5-30-3-1 ..........................................................................................

11

-6-30-3-1 .................................................................................

11

-7-30-3-1 ...........................................................................................

11

-8-30-3-1 ............................................................................

12

-9-30-3-1 ......................................................................................................

12

-10-30-3-1 ................................................................................................

12

-11-30-3-1 ..............................................................................................

12

-12-30-3-1 ................................................. PR

12

-13-30-3-1 ...........................................................................................

12

-14-30-3-1 ................................................ PX

13

-15-30-3-1 ..............................................................................................

13

-16-30-3-1 ...........................................................................................

13

 -17-30-3-1 .................................................................................................

13

-31-3-1 ...........................................................

13

-1-31-3-1 .........................................................................

13

-2-31-3-1 .....................................................................................

13

-3-31-3-1 .......................................................................................

14

-4-31-3-1 .......................................................

14

-5-31-3-1 .................................................................................................

14

-6-31-3-1 ........................................................................

15

-7-31-3-1 ..........................................................................................

15

-8-31-3-1 .........................................................................

15

-9-31-3-1 .........................................................................................................

15

-10-31-3-1 ............................................................................

15

-11-31-3-1 ........................................................................................

16

-12-31-3-1 ...............................................................................

16

-13-31-3-1 .......................................................................................

16

-14-31-3-1 .........................................................................

16

-15-31-3-1 .......................................................

16

-16-31-3-1 ....................................................................................................

17

-17-31-3-1 ............................................................................

17

-18-31-3-1 .......................................................

17

-19-31-3-1 .......................................................

17

-20-31-3-1 ................................................................................

17

-21-31-3-1 .........................................................................

18

-22-31-3-1 ............................................

18

-23-31-3-1 ............................................................

18

-24-31-3-1 ....................................................................................................

18

-25-31-3-1 ................................................................................................

18

-26-31-3-1 ..............................................................................................

18

 -27-31-3-1 ................................................................................

18

-28-31-3-1 ......................................................

19

-29-31-3-1 .................................................................................................

19

-32-3-1 ...............................................................................................................

19

-33-3-1 ........................................................................................................

19

-34-3-1 ..........................................................................................................................

19

-35-3-1 .........................................................................................................................

19

-36-3-1 ............................................................................................................................

19

-1-2 ......................................................................................................................................................

23

-2-2 ............................................................................................................

23

-1-2-2 ...................................................................................................................

23

-2-2-2 ......................................................................................

24

-3-2 ..........................................................................

24

-4-2 ........................................................

25

-1-4-2 .....................................................................................

25

-1-1-4-2 ............................................................................................

25

-2-1-4-2 ...................................................................................................................

25

-3-1-4-2 ......................

25

-2-4-2 ..........................................................................................................

25

-1-2-4-2 ............................................................................................

25

-2-2-4-2 ...................................................................................................................

26

-5-2 ..........................................................................................................................................

26

-6-2 ....................................................................................................................................

26

-7-2 ..................................................................................................................................

27

-8-2 ...................................................................................

27

-9-2 ...............................................................................................................................................

28

 -10-2 ..................................................................................................................

28

-11-2 ........................................................................................................................................

28

-12-2 .....................................................................................................................

29

-1-12-2 ...........................................................................................

29

-2-12-2 ...........................................................................................................

30

-13-2 ..........................................................................................................

30

-14-2 .............................................................................

31

-15-2 .........................................................................................

33

-1-15-2 ........................................................................... P

33

-2-15-2 ....................................................................... PR

34

-3-15-2 ....................................................................... PX

35

-4-15-2 .......................................................................... X

35

-5-15-2 .......................................................................... C

35

-16-2 ................................................................

36

-1-16-2 ...................................................... TPS

36

-2-16-2 TPZ TPY ..............................TPX

37

-3-16-2 ....................................................................................

37

-1-3-16-2 TPS ......................................... TPX

37

-2-3-16-2 ....................................................... TPY

38

-3-3-16-2 ....................................................... TPZ

38

-17-2 ..............................................................................................................

40

-1-17-2 .........................................................................................................

40

-18-2 ...........................................................................................................................

40

-19-2 .................................................................................................................................

41

-1-19-2 .................................. P

41

-2-19-2 ................................... TPY

46

) :(1-2 .......................................................................

47

-1-3 ......................................................................................................................................

51

-1-1-3 ...................................................................................................

51

-2-1-3 ...................................................................................................................

52

-3-1-3 ................................................................................

52

-1-3-1-3 ..................................................................................................................

52

-2-3-1-3 ..............................................................................................

53

-3-3-1-3 ............................................................................................

53

-4-1-3 ...

54

-5-1-3 .....................................

54

-6-1-3 ..............................................

55

-1-6-1-3 .....................................................................................................

55

-2-6-1-3 ...............................................................................................

58

-7-1-3 PX

58

-8-1-3 ......................................................................................................

58

-2-3 ......................................................................................................................................

60

-1-2-3 .......................................................................................

61

-1-1-2-3 ..............................................................................................

61

-2-1-2-3 .......................................................................................

61

-3-1-2-3 ..........................................................................................

62

-2-2-3 ...........

62

-1-2-2-3 .........................................................................................

62

-2-2-2-3 .....................................................................................

62

-3-2-3 ...

65

-4-2-3 ...............................................................................................

65

-5-2-3 ............................................

66

-6-2-3 ...............................................................................................................

66

-7-2-3 .......................................................... PX

67

 -1-7-2-3 ...............................................

67

-2-7-2-3 .......................................................................................

67

-3-7-2-3 ................................................................................................

67

-8-2-3 ............. PR

68

-1-8-2-3 .........................................................................................

68

-2-8-2-3 ............................................................................

68

-3-8-2-3 .............................................................................

68

-3-3 ........................................................................................................................................

68

-1-3-3 ......................................................................................

68

-2-3-3 .......................................................................

69

-3-3-3 .................................................................

70

-4-3-3 ..................................................................................................................

70

TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

-1-4 ......................................................................................................................................................

75

-2-4 ......................................................................................................................................

76

-1-2-4 .......................................................................................................................................

76

-2-2-4 ...................................................................................

76

-3-2-4 .......................................................................................................

77

-3-4 .........................................................................................................................

77

-1-3-4 ................................................................................................................

77

-2-3-4 ...........................................................

79

-3-3-4 ..............................................................................................

79

-4-3-4 ........................................................................................

79

-5-3-4 .............................................................................................................

79

-6-3-4 .............................................................................................

79

-4-4 ........................................................................................................................................

80

-1-4-4 .......................................................

80

 ) :(1-4 .....................................................................................................................

81

) :(2-4 .............................................................................................

86

-1-5 ......................................................................................................................................................

97

-2-5 ..........................................................................................................................................

98

-3-5 ..........................................................................................................................................

98

-1-3-5 .............................................................................................................................

98

-2-3-5 .......................................................................................

98

-3-3-5 ..........................................................................................................................

99

-4-5 .................................................................................................................................................

99

-1-4-5 ...............................................................................

99

-2-4-5 ............................................................................

99

-3-4-5 ........................................................................................

99

-4-4-5 ................................................................................

100

-5-4-5 ............................................................................

100

) :(1-5 .............................................

101

) :(2-5 ....................................................................................

102

) :(3-5 ..................................................................................

103

) :(4-5 ...................................................................................

104

..........................................................................................................................................

107

.
.
.

-1-1

.
.
) ( .

) ( ... .

.
:
- .

.
.
- .
.

) ( .

-2-1
-1-2-1
:

SF6

) 20 63(
) ( )
(.

.
SF6 SF6
.
.
-2-2-1
)( )( .

.

.

.
.
.

.
400kV
. ) (1-1
.

:1-1

-3-1
-1-3-1

.
-2-3-1

.
-3-3-1
.
-4-3-1
. :
10-12/5 -15 -20-25 -30-40-50-60-75 .
.
1.Instrument transformer

-5-3-1
. 2 1 : 5
1 5 . 3
.
-6-3-1 )(Um

. :
:1-1

400

230

132

)63(66

)Un (kV

420

245

145

72/5

)Um (kV

-7-3-1
.
-8-3-1

.
-9-3-1 ) (

. :
)(1-1

( K n I s - I p ) 100
Ip

= Current Error %

:
: Kn
: Ip
: Is Ip .

1. Actual ratio
)2. Current error (Ratio error

-10-3-1

.
.
. .
-11-3-1

.
-12-3-1

.
.
-13-3-1

.
-14-3-1

) (
. :
2/5-5-10-15-30
30 .
-15-3-1
- .
-16-3-1

.
1.Phase displacement
2. Accuracy class
3. Burden
4. Rated burden
5. Rated output

-17-3-1

.
.
-18-3-1

.
-19-3-1

.
-20-3-1

. 5
6.
-21-3-1

) (
.
-22-3-1

.
1/3 .

3 1 .

1. Isolated neutral system

2. Solidly earthed neutral system
3. Impedance earthed neutral system
4.Resonant earthed neutral system
5.Residual current in the fault
6.Self extinguishing
7. Earth fault factor
8. Earthed neutral system

1/3 .
-23-3-1

50 .
-24-3-1 )(Ith

. Ith :
6-3 -8 -10 -12/5 -16 -20 -25 -31/5 -40 -50 -63 -80 -100 kA
-25-3-1 )(Idyn

.
-26-3-1

. .
-27-3-1

)
( .
.
) (c :
)(2-1

dt

) (K n i S - i P

T
0

100 1

IP T

=c

:
: Kn

1. Rated short-time thermal current

2. Rated dynamic current
3. Rated continuous thermal current
4.Composite error

10

: IP
: ip
: is
: T .
-28-3-1

10%
50% . .
-29-3-1 ) (
.
- 1- 29- 3- 1 )(IPL

.
.
) CT

CT
(.
- 2- 29- 3- 1 )(FS

.
.
.
-3-29-3-1

) (FS .
75 .

1. Rated knee point e.m.f

2. Rated instrument limit primary current
3. Instrument security factor
4. Secondary limiting e.m.f

11

-30-3-1
.
-1-30-3-1

.
-2-30-3-1

.
- 3- 30- 3- 1 P

.
.
-4-30-3-1

) (ALF .
- 5- 30- 3- 1 (Rb) 3

.
- 6- 30- 3- 1 (Rct) 4

dc 75
.
- 7- 30- 3- 1 (RS) 5

75 )
( .6

1. Rated accuracy limit primary current

2. Accuracy limit factor
3. Rated resistive burden
4. Secondary winding resistance
5. Secondary loop resistance
6. External burden connected

12

- 8- 30- 3- 1 (TS) 1

) (Ls ) (RS :
)(3-1

TS=LS/RS

-9-30-3-1 ( j s )2

B-H 10 B 50 H .
-10-30-3-1 ( j r ) 3

)
( .
- 11- 30- 3- 1 (Kr) 4

:
jr
js

)(4-1

= Kr

- 12- 30- 3- 1 PR

.
.
-13-30-3-1

) (.
) (28-3-1
.

1. Rated secondary loop time constant

2. Saturation flux
3. Remanent flux
4. Remanence factor
5.Excitation characteristic

13

- 14- 30- 3- 1 PX

.
-15-30-3-1

.
-16-30-3-1

:
_

)(5-1

100

= ) (%

-17-30-3-1 ) ( K X

) (Isn
.
.
-31-3-1
- 1- 31- 3- 1 (Ipsc) 2

3 .
4

- 2- 31- 3- 1 )(ie

) (is ) (Kn ):(ip

)(6-1

ie=Kn.is-iP

ie :
)(7-1

)ie=ie ac+ie dc = (Knisac-ipac)+(Knisdc-ipdc

1. Turns ratio
2. Rated primary short-circuit current
3. Primary symmetrical short-ciruit current
4. Instantaneous error current

14

- 3- 31- 3- 1 (e) 1

:
100i
e %
=e
2 .I

)(8-1

psc

2
- 4- 31- 3- 1 e ac

.
100 i eac

)(9-1

2 .I psc

= e ac

-5-31-3-1

- : TPS TPS
.
.

- :TPX ) (e .
.

- :TPY ) (e .
10 .
- :TPZ ) ( ea c
DC .
DC .
.

1. Peak instantaneous error

2. Peak instantaneous alternating current component error

15

- 6- 31- 3- 1 (Tp) 1

) (dc
. TPY TPX TPZ
. :
40-60-80-100-120

.
- 7- 31- 3- 1 (tal) 2

.
.
.
- 8- 31- 3- 1 (tmax)3

. tmax .
- 9- 31- 3- 1 ) 4 ( (tfr) 5

.
-10-31-3-1 C-O ) 6 (C-O-C-O

" "7 ) Tp (.IPSC
:
:

C-t'-O

C-t'-O-tfr-C-t"-O

1. Specified primary time constant

2. Permissible time to accuracy limit
3. Time to maximum flux
4. Dead time
5. Auto - reclosing
6. Specified duty cycle
7. Fully offset

16

) (
:
' : t : t'a1 .
" : t : t"al .
- 11- 31- 3- 1 (Rb) 1

.
2/5-5-7/5-10-15 : .

.
- 12- 31- 3- 1 (Rct) 2

6-30-3-1 .
- 13- 31- 3- 1 (RS) 3

7-30-3-1 .
- 14- 31- 3- 1 (TS) 4

8-30-3-1 .
- 15- 31- 3- 1 (KSSC) 5

:
I

psc
I
pn

)(10-1

= K ssc

Ipsc Ipn .
:
3-5-7/5-10-12/5 -15-17/5-20-25-30-40-50
.

1. Rated resistive burden

2. Secondary winding resistance
3. Secondary loop resistance
4. Rated secondary loop time constant
5. Rated symmetrical short-circuit current factor

17

-
1

- 16- 31- 3- 1 )(Ktf

) (
. ) (TS
.
- 17- 31- 3- 1 (Ktd) 2

.
.
-18-31-3-1

.
-19-31-3-1

18-31-3-1
.
. ) (Ktd
C-O-C-O C-O
) 20-31-3-1 ( .
- 20- 31- 3- 1 (Eal) 5

:
)(11-1

Eal=KSSC.Ktd(Rct+Rb).Isn

1. Transient factor
2. Rated transient dimensioning
3. Low leakage flux current transformer
4. High leakage flux current transformer
5.Rated equivalent limiting secondary e.m.f

18

- 21- 31- 3- 1 (Ual) 1

)
( .
) ( Ual . :
)(12-1

Ual=Eal.Fc

Fc 2 ) 29-31-3-1 (.
- 22- 31- 3- 1 (Ealc) 3

.
.
- 23- 31- 3- 1 (Ualc) 4

) ( .
-24-31-3-1 ( js ) 5

9-30-3-1 .
-25-31-3-1 ( j r ) 6

10-30-3-1 .
- 26- 31- 3- 1 (Kr) 7

11-30-3-1 .
8

- 27- 31- 3- 1 ) (jal

1. Rated equivalent excitation limiting secondary voltage

2. Factor of construction
3. Equivalent secondary accuracy limiting e.m.f
4. Equivalent secondary accuracy limiting voltage
5. Saturation flux
6. Remanent flux
7. Remanence factor
8. Accuracy limit flux

19

Eal :
)(13-1

) al= 2 .E al /( 2pf

- 28- 31- 3- 1 (Ial)1

.
- 29- 31- 3- 1 (Fc)2

. :
)(14-1

Fc=Ualc/Ealc

-32-3-1
.
) ( .
-33-3-1
.
) ( .
-34-3-1

) ( .
-35-3-1

.
-36-3-1

1. Accuracy limiting secondary exciting current

2. Factor of construction
3. Type test
4. Routine test
5. Special test

20

21

23

.

.
...
... . .

-1-2

.
.
:
-

-2-2
-1-2-2
.
.
. :
-

24

-2-2-2
:
-

-3-2
:
-

) (SF6

) (

25

-4-2
-1-4-2
-1-1-4-2

:
: 1-2

(C
)

- 5/40

-5

40

- 25/40

- 25

40

- 40/40

- 40

40

: .

-2-1-4-2

1000 .
-3-1-4-2

24 35 .

1000 ) ( .

700 ) 34 ( .

-2-4-2
1-4-2 .
-1-2-4-2

1-1-4-2 :
* -50 40

26

* -5 50

.
)(
.
-2-2-4-2

1000 1
K .
K :
K = e m(H-1000)/8150

)(1-2
:
: H

: m 0/75
.

-5-2
:



1
2

-6-2

. :
)10 12/5 15 20 25 30 40 - 50 - 60 -75 (A

1. Arcing distance

27

.
.
" " ].[13

-7-2
1 5 . ) 230 400
( .
132 63 .

-8-2


.
. )
(
:
-

.
.

" "1:2 " "1:2:4 .

.

. .

28

2 5 .

.

-9-2

400 230 132
3

)63(66
3

-10-2

) 14-2 (
.

-11-2

.
.

.

.
.


. 30
AC .

.

29

) 16-2 (.
.
)(2-2

S = (I ) 2 Z
n
sn

Z I sn .
.
. :
2/5 5 10 -15 30 vA
30 .

-12-2
:
-1-12-2 )(Ith

.

.
.

.
63 400 .
" " ] .[13 ) (2-2
.
: 2-2

)(kV

)(kA

)63(66

20-25-31/5-40

132

25-31/5-40

230

40-50

400

50-63

30

-2-12-2 )(Idyn

2/5 .
2/5 .

-13-2

) (3-2 .
) (4-2.
1-4-2 ) (3-2
.
1000 1000
) (3-2 100 1000
:
-

0/4

0/5

. ) (3-2 .
:3-2

) IEC (60085

)( K
60

65
50

Y
A
E
B
F
H

45
60
75
85
110
135

: ) ( .

1. Hermetically sealed

31

) (
55 .
50 .
) (
.

-14-2 :

.
:
0/5 S 0/2 S 0/1 0/2 0/5 1 3 -5
0/5 0/2 0/1 1 5% 120%
%25 %100 ) (4-2 .
0/2S 0/5S 50 6
) %1 %120 5 ( .
1% 120% %25 %100
) (5-2 . 25 50 5
5 100 5 5 .
3 5 %50 %100
) (6-2 . .
5
0/8 . 5 .
.
) (FS .
5 10 .
. 0.5FS5 0/5 5
.

32

: 4-2 ) 0/1 (1

)(

20

100

120

20

100

120

20

100

120

0/1

0/4

0/2

0/1

0/1

15

0/45

0/24

0/15

0/15

0/2

0/75

0/35

0/2

0/2

30

15

10

10

0/9

0/45

0/3

0/3

0/5

1/5

0/75

0/5

0/5

90

45

30

30

2/7

1/35

0/9

0/9

1/5

180

90

60

60

5/4

2/7

1/8

1/8

: 5-2

)(

)(

20

100

120

20

100

120

20

120 100

0 /2 S

0/75

0/35

0/2

0/2

0/2

30

15

10

10

10

0/9

0/45

0/3

0/3

0/3

0/5S

1/5

0/75

0/5

0/5

0/5

90

45

30

30

30

2/7

1/35

0/9

0/9

0/9

: 5 .

: 6-2 ) 3 (5

) (
50

120

0/1 1 1
. :
-

) (
.

4-2 120
.

1. Extended current rating

33

150 120 200 .

-15-2
-1-15-2 P


. :
-

) .(28-3-1

.
5 10 ) (ALF 5 10 15 20 30 :

. " "5 P20
5 P 20
20 5 .

) (7-2 .
0/8 .
5 .
0/8 .
: 7-2 P

5P

60

1/8

10 P

10

.
ALF
.

34

:
)(3-2
Pn

2
P + R ct .I sn
ALF = ALF n
2

P + R ct .I sn
P Rct

Isn ALF .
ALF
ALF .
ALF .

. :
S
I sn2

)(4-2

=Z

: I sn
: S
: Z .
Z ]:[14
)(5-2

E al ( Z + Z s ).ALF.I sn
=
1/25
1/25

Vknee

Z s Vknee Eal .

.
-2-15-2 PR
.
P .
5PR : 10PR ) (ALF
P.

P
) (7-2 .
10% .

35

: .

) (Ts . ) (Rct
.
-3-15-2 PX
PX .
-1 )(Ipn
-2 )(Isn

-3 ) 0/25% (
-4 )(EK

-5 ) (Ie
-6 (Rct) 75 C
-7 )(Rb
-8 )(KX

: :
)6(-2

E K = K X (R ct + R b ) I sn

-4-15-2 X
BS 3938 .
:
75 C 75 C . P IEC Eal X BS Vknee
E al 1/25Vknee .
-5-15-2 C

ANSI/IEEE C57.13 .
1 20 10% .

36

Cxxx xxx 20
Rct . 5 .
C200, R ct = 2W 200 20
) .( U B = 20 5 2 = 200 IEC P
Pn = 5 2 2 = 50VA ALF 20.
E a l:
)(7-2

E al U B + R ct 20 I sn

-16-2
)
dc( TP .
:
TPS , TPX , TPY , TPZ

: TPS

: TPX ) (

: TPY ) (

: TPZ ) (

-1-16-2 :TPS
1
TPS 0/25% .
Kn

) (Ual .
Ual 10 100
.
.
10 ) I th (
.
:
)(8-2

U al K.K SSC ( R ct + R b ) I sn

37

K Rct .
.
-2-16-2 TPZ TPY : TPX
TPY TPX TPZ 8-2:
: 8-2 TPZ,TPY,TPX

)(%

TPX

0/5

30

0/9

e = 10

TPY

60

1/8

e = 10

TPZ

180 18

5/30/6

e ac = 10

) D3 IEC
60044-6 ( .
.
-3-16-2

) (Eal .
)9( -2

Pi + Pe
K ssc .K td
I sn

E al = K ssc .K td (R ct + R b )I sn

Pi Pe .
TPX TPY TPZ TPS
. :
- 1- 3- 16- 2 TPS TPX

TPS
. ) (

.

38

.
)
( . TPS 1
.
TPS X.
TPX TPS .
) (Fc 1/1 TPX
TPS .
TPS TPX t < t max Tp << Ts )
( :
10
)( - 2

- t al
) +1
Tp

K tf 2pf .Tp .(1 - e

Ts , Tp , t al , t max , t 6-31-3-1 10-31-3-1 .

- 2- 3- 16- 2 TPY

TPY 10 .
TPS ) TPX
( . C-O-C-O
) (Ktd TPY
) (TS ) (tfr . 10
:
)(11-2

100 K td
= e 10%
2 p f Ts

- 3- 3- 16- 2 TPZ

TPZ
. TPZ
TPY

1. Relay reset time

39

. / 1
. .
TPZ .
K td .

.
9-2 .
:9-2

)(Ipn
)(Isn



)(Ith

)(Idyn


)(Kssc

)(TP
)(TS

:
t, t
al

t , t , t , t, t
al fr
al

TPS

TPX

TPY

TPZ

-------

----

----

----

----

----

)(Rb
)(K
I al U al

-------

-------

-------

(Rct) 75 C

----

----

----

: Ts Rct .

1. Current / voltage transducers

40

-17-2
-1-17-2
) (Um 63 400 ) (10-2
. " " ].[11
:10-2 IEC 60071-1

U n kV

U m kV

][kV - Peak

][kV - Peak

)63(66

72/5

325

140

132

145

550

230

650

275

850

360

230

245

950

395

1050

460

400

420

950

1300

570

1050

1425

630

] [

] [

][kV - r.m.s

-18-2
mm/kV 11-2
. .
" " ].[12
: 11-2

)(mm/kV

16

20

25

31

41

-19-2
-1 -19-2 P
230 .
- :

80

- :

- :

160 230 .
0/073+ j 0/2038 .
900 .
. 10
4 180 .
0/25 0/25 0/1 .
6 . 230
40 kA .
:
-

: 2000A
.

: ) 230
) ( RI 2
(.

:
)(12-2

2000
= 2000
1

I pn
I sn

: ) (8-2
2 .
:

:
2000 : R ct = 4W
1
1000 : R ct = 2W
1

42

:
2000 : R ct = 4W
1
1000 : R ct = 2W
1

: 40
.

: .

: " " .

:
60 1300 13-2
:
13
)( - 2

(1300
- 1000)0.4
60
= 59/28 C
100 100

60-

- :
30 . 0.5FS5 .
-

: .
:
)(14-2

R c = 2 R cable = 1/925W

)(15-2

S burden = R c I 2 + S m = 1/925(1) 2 + 10 = 11/925VA

Sm R c 4 .
25% 100% . 30VA
20001 . 10001 15 .

.
: 20001
)(16-2
17
)( - 2
)(18-2

Sn
30
) = 1 5 (4 + 2 ) = 170 V
1
I s2

Vmax = I s FS ( R ct +

R load = R c + R burden = 1/925 + 10 = 11/925W

Vmax
170
=
= 10/68 A
R ct + R load 4 + 11/925

= I max

43

25A
.
: 10001
)(19-2

Vmax = 1 5 (2 + 15) = 85 V

)(20-2

I max = 6/1A

.
-
30 . 5P20 .
6 :)(21-2
)(22-2

R c = 2 R cable = 1/3 W
S burden = R c I 2 + S p = 1/3(1) 2 + 0/6 = 1/9 VA

Sp R c 6 .
.
ALF :
40000
= 20
2000

= ALF

ALF :
23
)( - 2

P + R ct I sn2
Pn + R ct + I sn2

ALF = ALF

: 20001
)(24-2

1/9 + 4 (1) 2
= 3/47
30 + 4 (1) 2

ALF = 20

10001:
1/9 + 2(1) 2
= 9/8
15 + 2(1) 2

ALF = 40

(ALF = 20)5P 20 .

.

44

" " 1 .
:
Rct=4W
X

R

VA = 30 VA

8.

:
:
VA relay
I k max I sn
a ( R ct + R L +
)
I pn
I 2R

)(25-2
-

CL : 5P20

CT : 2000-1000/1

> E 2max

):(Zone 1
VA relay
I kzone1 I sn
k (R ct + R L +
)
I pn
I 2R

)(26-2

> E 2max

:
: Ik max .
: Ikzone1 .
: Ipn .
: Isn .
: IR .
: Rct .
: RL .
X
: a,k .
R

8 ).(a=2 k=4

TP :
)(27-2
)(28-2
)(29-2
)(30-2

L
X
X
=
=
= 0/0255 TP= 25/5 ms
)R R (2 p f ) R (2 p 50
= 3/65 W

1/1 230kV
3 40kA

= 0/453 W

1/1 Vn
3 I k max

ZS
) (1 + T ( 2 p f ) 2
2
P

= ) Z S (
= ) R s (

X S = ( Z S2 - R S2 ) = 3/62 W

1. CT requirements

45

1 85 :
Z set. = R set . + jX set.
Z set . = 0/85 160 (0/073 + j0/2038 ) = 9/928 + j27/72 W

)(31-2
:
)(32-2

Z = Z set. + Z S = 10/38 + j31/34 W

:1
)(33-2

= 4424/4 A

1/1 230 103

3 10/38) 2 + (31/34) 2

1/1 Vn
3Z

= I K Zone1

: 20001
E 2 max :
)(34-2

Pn
30
) = 20 1(4 + 2 ) = 680 V
2
I sn
)(1

E 2 max ALF I sn ( R ct +

25-2:
)(35-2

40000
0/6
1 2 (4 + 1/3 + 2 ) = 236 V
2000
)(1

= E req

1 26-2:
)(36-2

4424/4
0/6
1 4 (4 + 1/3 + 2 ) = 52/2 V
2000
)(1

= E req

CT
. 10001 .
: 10001
E 2 max = 340V

:
E req = 312 V

1:
E req = 69 V

E 2 max > E req .

46

-2-19-2 TPY

.
P TPY :
TPY : 2000 , R ct = 5/6 W, TP = 80 ms, TS = 501 ms, K ssc = 20, K td = 10/91
1
R b = 5 W, C - O - C - O :90(40) - 400 - 90(40) ms

.
E 2 max :
)(37-2

E 2 max = K td K ssc ( R ct + R b )I sn = 10/91 20 (5/6 + 5) 1 = 2312/9 V

40kA . a 25-2
2 . 25-2:
)(38-2

40000
0/6
1 2 (5/6 + 1/3 + 2 ) = 300 V
2000
)(1

= E req

1 33-2 . k 26-2
4 1 26-2:
)(39-2

4424/4
0/6
1 4(5/6 + 1/3 + 2 ) = 66/4 V
2000
)(1

E 2 max > E req .

= E req

47

) :(1-2
-1
I psc :

)(40-2

). cos q - cos(wt + q

1 q = 0 :

)(41-2

) - cos(wt

- t / Tp

- t / Tp

i( t ) = 2I psc e

i( t ) = 2I psc e

-2
" " ) t (2 :
)(42-2

K tf = [TP TS /(TP - TS ) ] (e - t/TP - e - t/TS ) - Sini

Sinwt = -1
Ktf . t=tmax tmax :
)(43-2

) t max = Tp .Ts /(Tp - Ts ) ln(TP /TS

Ktf :
)(44-2

+1

) Tp /(Ts - Tp

) K tfmax = Tp (Tp /Ts

C-O :
)(45-2

- t /T
- t /T
K td = [TP TS /(TP - TS ) ] (e al P - e al S ) + 1

C-O-C-O :
)(46-2

K td = {[p TS /(TP - TS )] [e - t/TP - e - t al /TS ] - sint }e - (t fr + tal )/Ts

+ [p TS /(TP - TS )] [e - t al /TP - e - t al /TS ] + 1

1. Offset

48

51

-1-3
:
-1 )(1-1-3
-2 )(2-1-3
-3 )(2-3-1-3
-4 )(3-3-1-3
-5 )(4-1-3
-6 ) 6-1-3 5-1-3 (7-1-3
-7 )(8-1-3
.
.
-1-1-3
) (Ith 10 40
. I ) t 0/5 5(
I2t (Ith)2t.

) (Idyn ) ( .
) (Idyn .
) 10 40
( :
.
) ( .
%90 :
-

52

) ( .
) (
"" :
180 97 IEC 20C
60028 )

m
ohm.mm 2

58

(.
120 - 97 IEC

20C
60121 )
m
ohm.mm 2

35/7 (.

) (
A .
.
-2-1-3
" " .
.
10 30 .
.
) (
.
) ( .
-3-1-3
-1-3-1-3

IEC 60060-1 . )
( . ) (
.

53

. %50 %75
. .

. ) ( .
-2-3-1-3

) (10-2 ) (11-2 ) (Um

.
- Um<300kV

.
. :
. . . ) (. : 15 15 .
3 .
.
- Um 300kV

.
. :
. ) (. -3-3-1-3

) (10-2 ) (Um
. .
.
:
- .

54

. . ) ( : .

-4-1-3
) ( IEC 60060-1 .
Um < 300kV
)) (10-2 ( . .
Um 300 kV
)) (10-2 ( .
-5-1-3
.
0/1 1 ) (4-2 %25
%100 ) (.
%120
) %120 ( .
3 5 ) (6-2 %50 %100
) (.

. :

. ) (I exc
) ( I sn ) (FS
10%.
)(1-3

I exc
100 10
I sn FS

)
1-6-1-3 (.

55

: ) 30kA
3kA 10 ( .
.
.

-6-1-3
) (7-2

0/8 ) ( .
.
. .

.
1

. . 2-6-1-3 .
75 .
.
-1-6-1-3

) (1-3 .
) ZB ( . )
( .
32-1 . ) (1-3
.
2-3 .
. " "N
) ( " "X

1. Substantially continuous ring cores

56

.
. A2
A1 " "X .
" "N .
) ( N
.

:1-3

:2-3

57

:3-3

. 3-3
.
2-3 ) N
X ( 3-3
N N .
) (.
2-3 X N
X ) ( .
N X.
N ZB X

Z B A1 . A2 . A2 N N

.
Kn N Knx X N
K n Kn K n K nx .
)2(-3

K n = K n K nx

A2 A1 X
. .
: 2- 3 3- 3 A2 2- 3
A2 N 3- 3 X
A2 .
N .

58

-2-6-1-3

.
) (Iexc ) (Isn
) (ALF 7-2.
-7- 1-3 PX

:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .

K X I sn Rb
1-6-1-3 .
1/1
.
: .
.

-8-1-3

. 132 .
:
10 30 0/87 105 1/07 105 45 75 .
IEC 60060-1 .

59

.
.
.
) (Ca .
) ( .
CISPR 18-2 ) .(4-3 0/5MHz
2MHz . .
)) ( Z S + ( R 1 + R 2 4-3 300 40W .
20 .
CS ZS . 1000pF .
: .

.
Z
. 10000 W 20000 W.

1/1U m
3

1/5 U m
3

30 . 10

30

.
. )
( ) 4dB (10dB .

1/1U m
3

2500 .
CISPR 18-2 .
: .
. ) (
. . )(
) (
.

1/1U m
3

300

60

: Ca
:Z
:B ) (
:M

Z + ( R + R ) = 300W
s
1
2
:T
: Zs,Cs,R1,R1 CISPR 18-2 .

:4-3

-2-3
:
)(1-2-3 )(1-2-2-3 )(2-2-2-3 )(3-2-3 )(3-2-3 )(4-2-3 )(5-2-3 (6-2-3) P (7-2-3) PX - (8-2-3) PR

61

.
80% .
-1-2-3
1-3 .
-

) (

) (

-1-1-2-3

)""
( . .
.
-2-1-2-3

) (1-3.
:1-3

:1

:2

:4
:3

62

-3-1-2-3

C1, S1,P1 .
-2-2-3
-1-2-2-3

IEC 60060-1 .
) (10-2 )) (11-2 ( .
60 .
. )
( .
-2-2-2-3

-
IEC 60270 .
5-3 7-3 .

:T
:Ca
:Ck
:M
: Zm
:Z ) Ck (.
:5-3

: 6-3

:T
: Ca
: Ca1 ) Ck (
:M
Zm2 : Zm1

:7-3

63

64

:G C0

G impulse generator with capacitance Co

: 8-3

q .
) .(8-3
100 1/2 .
0/15 2 . 0/5 2
1 .
5 .
:
-

.
.

) (5-3 .

30 .
.
1. Sensitivity

65

:2-3

)
(1/5
)
(1/5

kV
Um
1/2 U m
3
Um
1/2 U m
3

)(

10

50

20

10

50

20

: 1 .
: 2 .

:1 .
:2 . 80
60
.
) (1 ) (2 .
.
-3-2-3

3 60
.
.
: PX 2 kV 5 kV
60 .

-4-2-3
)
(:

66

:1 )
( 40 60 ) IEC ( 60060-1
) ( 60
. ) ( 4/5
.
:2 ) ( 60
)
( . 400 .
) ( 4/5 .
) 15
(:
)(3-3

* 60

)(
)(

= )(

: PX 450V 10
. 10 kV 10 kV .
EHV ) 10 kV ( .

-5-2-3

.
.
-6-2-3
"" ) 6-1-3
( .

.
.
. .

67

:
-

)
( ) (2-6-1-3 .

" "
.
-7-2-3 PX

PX
:
-1-7-2-3 ) (EK )(Ie

.
.
10% 50% .
.
1 3 .
. ) (I e
.
.
- 2- 7- 2- 3 )(Rct

. 75 C
.
- 3- 7- 2- 3 ) ( t

1-3-4 .
3-16-2 .
:
.

1. Crest factor

68

-8-2-3 PR
PR
:
- 1- 8- 2- 3 )(Kr

10% ) (2-4 .
-2-8-2-3

) (Ts . 30%
. ) (2-4 .
-3-8-2-3 )(Rct

75 C .
.
: + R
b

ct

R = R . Rb
s

PR 1- 15- 2 .

-3-3
:
-

-1-3-3
:
2 5 .
1 30 .

1.Over swing

69

) (10-2 .
115 .
:
( U m < 300 kV

( U m 300 kV

.
.
-2-3-3
400
.

. .
.
IEC 60060-1 0/5
. 50 .
60 . 100
.
.
. H2 C2H2
. IEC 567 .
IEC 599.

70

-3-3-3

. .
.

1 .
.
.
) (tg 10

Um
3

. .
.

Um
3

0/005.
-4-3-3
72/5 .
.
. .

1. Screen of the measuring bridge

71

_
: 3-3

)Um(kV

)FR(N
I

II

72/5

1250

2500

145

2000

3000

245

2500

4000

420

4000

6000

:
%50 . 1/4 .
. .

.
.
60 ) (4-3 .
.

72

: 4-3

: .

 _ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

73

TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

74

75

_ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

TPX,TPY,TPZ
.

-1-4
TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ
) (1-4 .
: 1-4

TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

TPZ

TPY

TPX

TPS

1-3-4

2-3-4

)(Rct

3-3-4

4-3-4

Kr

5-3-4

Ts

6-3-4

2-2-4

Fc

3-2-4

)(Fc< 1/1

4-4

:
-1
-2
-3

76

-2-4
-1-2-4

:
-

)
3-31-3-1 TPY TPX 4-31-3-1 (TPZ

)(FC

. .
:
-
:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-
.
.
-2-2-4
) (1-4.

. ) (Eal,Ealc .
.
- ) (2-4

 _ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

77

.
-3-2-4 )(FC

) (1-4 )( . Ualc/Ealc
) (Ktd .
C-O C-O-C-O Ktd .
1/1
.
.

-3-4
-1-3-4
.
:
-

)(Ie

) (1-4 . ) (2-4
) (1000 .

:1-4

78

:2-4

) (
) (Es
) (Ip .
Es
. ) (TPS
. I s I s
:
)(1-4

) I r (R ct + R b ) = E s = I s (R ct + R b

ec ec e t
I x :
)(2-4

k n .Is
I
= I x = (ec - e t ) k n s
100
100

) (ec - e t

:
)(3-4

ec Is - ecIs
)(Is - Is

= et

Is = 2Is . 2ec - ec :
)
( .

 _ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

79

-2-3-4
) (Rs=Rct+Rb )(Ipn

.
-3-3-4 )(Rct

75
.
.
-4-3-4
1/1 .
. 2-4 .
TPX TPY Ual
. TPZ Ial
:
)(4-4

}I al 2K ssc I sn {[(K td - 1) / wTs ] + 0.1

: TPZ ac Ial
dc . dc ) (Ktd-1 ac
0/1.
-5-3-4 )(Kr

) (Kr ) 2-4
(.
-6-3-4 :
) (Ts TPY 30
TPZ 10 ) 2-4 (.

80

-4-4
-1-4-4

.
10
.

.
Ual 10
50 100 .

 _ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

81

) :(1-4
(
.
10 .
- ) (3-4 ) (4-4 .

.
. ) (

.

:X
:N
:Sh
Is = 1 . 1
=2 . 2

Ip
kn

I e =3 . 3
: Rb .
:3-4

:4-4

82

- ) 4-4 (5-4
. ) (5-4
.
-
.
.
) (6-4 ) (7-4 TPZ
TPY .

:X
:N
:Sh
IS=1 .1
I

P =2 . 2
K
n

: Rb .
:5-4 -

:6-4 TPZ

 _ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

83

:7-4 TPY

(

.
:
)5(-4

R ct + R b t
0 R b i s dt
Rb

= ) j( t

:
) : j( t
: R ct
: R b .
) U(t f :
)6( -4

2pf R ct + R b t
0 R b i s dt
Rb
2

= ) U(t

5% .
(
TPX,TPS
. TPY
.
:

84

( dc ac
.
1
)
wTs

(.

( dc .
80ms ) ( .
10% . 80ms
.
.
) (5-4 ) (jal.
)
(8-2 . TPY,TPX .
TPZ ac ) .(8-4
:1 TPZ Ipsc
) (jal . ac Kn .

)(7-4

R ct + R b
R ct + R b

= Kn

R b R b .
:2 .
C-O-C-O TPY,TPX
. 1- 2 .
( )(Fc

)(
) 8-2 ( .
TPZ ac .
.

 _ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

( TPZ

:TPZ

:TPY

( TPZ,TPY
:8-4 Tp TPZ,TPY

85

86

) : (2-4
-1
"" 1

.
.
TPX TPS .
TPY .

. dc
.
.
) U(t ) (9-4 ) f( t t
.
)(8-4

t
f( t ) = (U - R ct i m )dt
0

2
.
-2 AC

.
.
3
.
.
. ) (
U f :
)(9-4

2
.U
2pf

=f

1.Fully offset
2. Unidirectional component
3. Eddy current

87

_ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

U :
)(10-4

.F

2pf
2

=U

U .
20 90 ) (s
:
11
)( - 4

)(H

Fs
2 .U
=
im
2pfi m

= Lm

) (Ts )(Rct+Rb

:
)(12-4

)(S

LS
Lm

R S R ct + R b

= TS

) (Kr ac ) (10-4
. X-Y
. ) (s
Fr yr
=
) (r .
Fs ys

= K r .

-3 DC

dc .
.
Rct.im . ) (11-4 .

.

.
. ) (13-4
.

88

(Im)1
. Im TPS .
TPS Im 5 Ea1 . ) (Kr
Im .
Rct.Im R1
.
Rd S
.
Rd Rd+ Rsh Rb
) (Ts S . Rd
Rd .
S im ) (Im
. ) (9-4 Rct.Im
.
im
.

. U 15
15U 3% .
2 S .
S .
) (t ) im(t
) (12-4 .
Lm
) (10-4 ) U(t .
TPX TPS ) (im X-Y

.
) (Ts ) (12-4 .

1. Energizing current
2. Reset

89

_ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

S Rd .
.
s r.
TPX TPS
r
TPY
s

TPY
. ) (Kr
.
-4 DC
TPY .
) (Lm
. ) (14-4 .
S im Im

.
T Im
.
T 0/393Im T .
2

) (Req ) (E Im .
:
)(13-4

E
Im

L m = T.R eq = T.

im :
)(14-4
imial ) (10-4 .

F = L m .i m

90

-5
.

) (Ual .
im ) (Ial
. ) (16-4 .
.
Rct.im tD 2 ) ( :
Ls
R + Rb
0.06Ts ct
R ct
R ct

15
)( - 4

t D 0.02p

) (17-4 .
) (Ts
90 . i m
:
2 0.9U al
2pf ( R ct + R B )i m

16
)( - 4

= Ts

X-Y .
) (Kr .
r
r . Kr
s

: 9-4

 _ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

X-Y

: 10-4 Kr

91

92

X-Y

: 11-4 dc

X-Y

: 12-4

 _ TPS,TPX,TPY,TPZ

X-Y

: 13-4

: 14-4 dc

93

94

: 15-4 dc

: 16-4

: 17-4

95

96

97

.
.

51


.
:
-

...

) (

)
( .

.

.
.

.

98

52
.

.
.
.

.
.

.
.
.
.

53
531
.
.
:
-

532

) (.

99

. .
533
.

54

.
541
-

2-5 .
542
-

3-5 .
543
-

100

4-5 .
544
.
. :
) 1 1-5

(.
-

...

CT .

CT

545
-

) (

) (

1. Commissioning

101

) :(1-5
:

:
:

) (:
1
):(5000V
MEGA ohm
MEGA ohm

= )MEGA ohm (core 1

= )MEGA ohm (core 4

): (1000V
MEGA ohm
MEGA ohm

MEGA ohm
MEGA ohm

= )(core 2
= )(core 5

= )(core 3
= )(core 6

= )MEGA ohm (core 1

= )MEGA ohm (core 4

MEGA ohm
MEGA ohm

= )(core 2
= )(core 5

= )(core 3
= )(core 6

2 ) 6 12( :/
: .
3 :
%10 :
CORE 3
ERROR%

RATIO

CORE 2
Is3

IP3

ERROR%

Is6

IP6

ERROR%

CORE 6
ERROR%

RATIO

RATIO

CORE 1
Is2

IP2

ERROR%

Is5

IP5

ERROR%

CORE 5
RATIO

RATIO

RATIO

) (
ohm
ohm

= )R(core 1
= )R(core 4

ohm
ohm

Is4

IP4

CORE 4

4 :
= )R(core 2
= )R(core 5

Is1

IP1

ohm
ohm

= )(core 3
= )(core 6

102

) :(2-5

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

103

) :(3-5
:

104

) :(4-5
:

105

107

1. IEC 60044-1, "Instrument transformers, Part 1, Current transformers".
2. IEC 60044-6, "Instrument transformers, Part 6, Requirements for Protective Current transformers for
transient performance".

.3 230 400 :206

.4 230 400 :306

.5 63/20
.6 230 400
:73-405 230 400

.7 230 400 :73-404

.8 " "
.9 " "
.10 " "

'
, <
;D
<
<

&% % $ #
,+;,

!"

9 : 7' 8

3 C % A B ?@
<'

<
<%

3B
<-

6 445(
(,

( >'(

G2 E F"
< & <%

3 . 2 /0 1

A/<

%(
<3

, ')

= A
<3
C/

, - ( '+
2

( ,A/
<%

( ) )*(

453 ,= ' %
( A/

C < A <
% =8

%
<B <

<





) (




TPS, TPX, TPY, TPZ

.