AWWA Standard

1
ANSI/AWWA D100-11
(Revision of ANSI/AWWA D100-05)
Welded Carbon Steel Tanks
for Water Storage
SECTION 1: GENERAL
Sec. 1.1 Scope
Te purpose of this standard is to provide minimum requirements for the
design, construction, inspection, and testing of new welded carbon steel tanks for
the storage of water at atmospheric pressure.
1.1.1 Tank roofs. All tanks storing potable water shall have roofs. Tanks
storing nonpotable water may be constructed without roofs.
1.1.2 Items not covered. Tis standard does not cover all details of design
and construction because of the large variety of sizes and shapes of tanks. Details
that are not addressed shall be designed and constructed to be adequate and as safe
as those that would otherwise be provided under this standard. Tis standard does
not cover concretesteel composite tank construction.* With the exception of alu-
minum dome roofs, this standard does not cover tanks constructed with materials
other than carbon steel. Tis standard does not cover painting and disinfecting of
tanks (see ANSI/AWWA D102, Coating Steel Water-Storage Tanks, and ANSI/
AWWA C652, Disinfection of Water-Storage Facilities).
1.1.3 Design method. With the exception of reinforced concrete founda-
tions, this standard is based on the allowable-stress design method.
* Refer to ANSI/AWWA D107, Composite Elevated Tanks for Water Storage.
Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

2 AWWA D100-11
Sec. 1.2 Defnitions
Te following defnitions shall apply in this standard:
1. Capacity: Te net volume, in gallons (liters), that may be removed from
a tank flled to top capacity level (TCL) and emptied to the bottom capacity level
(BCL).
2. Constructor: Te party that furnishes the work and materials for place-
ment and installation.
3. Elevated tank: A container or storage tank supported on a tower.
4. Head range: Te vertical distance between the TCL and BCL.
5. Potable water: Water that is safe and satisfactory for drinking and
cooking.
6. Purchaser: Te person, company, or organization that purchases any
materials or work to be performed.
7. Reservoir: A ground-supported, fat-bottom, cylindrical tank having a
shell height equal to or smaller than its diameter.
8. Standpipe: A ground-supported, fat-bottom, cylindrical tank having a
shell height greater than its diameter.
9. Tank: An elevated tank, a standpipe, or a reservoir.
10. Water levels: Te following water levels are used in this standard:
10.1 Bottom capacity level (BCL): Te water level above which the speci-
fed capacity is provided. In a ground-supported tank (reservoir or standpipe), the
BCL shall be the water level in the tank shell when the tank is emptied through the
specifed discharge fttings, unless otherwise specifed.
10.2 Maximum operating level (MOL): Te specifed maximum water
level under normal operating conditions. Te MOL shall be taken as the TCL,
unless otherwise specifed.
10.3 Top capacity level (TCL): Te water level defned by the lip of the
overfow.
Sec. 1.3 Drawings to Be Provided
Construction drawings for the foundation, tank, and accessories shall be
provided. Where foundation and tank design are performed by separate parties,
each party shall provide construction drawings. If anchorage is required, anchor-
age details, including required embedment, local reinforcement, and minimum
required concrete strength, shall be provided as part of the tank design.
Details of all welded joints shall be provided when specifed. Standard weld
symbols as listed in ANSI/AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing,
Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

WELDED CARBON STEEL TANKS FOR WATER STORAGE 3

and Nondestructive Examination, shall be used, unless joint details are shown.
Sec. 1.4 References
Tis standard references the following documents. In the editions specifed,
these documents form a part of this standard to the extent specifed within the
standard. In any case of confict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail.
ACI* 301-05Specifcations for Structural Concrete.
ACI 318-08Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete.
AISC

Steel Construction Manual, 13th Edition.

ANSI

/AWS

A2.4-07Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing, and Non-

destructive Examination.
ANSI/AWS A3.0-10Standard Welding Terms and Defnitions; Including
Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Soldering, Termal Cutting, and Termal
Spraying.
ANSI/AWS A5.1-04Specifcation for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded
Metal Arc Welding.
ANSI/AWS A5.5-06Specifcation for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for
Shielded Metal Arc Welding.
ANSI/AWS B2.1-09Specifcation for Welding Procedure and Performance
Qualifcation.
ANSI/AWS D1.1-08Structural Welding CodeSteel, 2009 Errata.
ANSI/AWS QC1-07Standard for AWS Certifcation of Welding Inspectors.
ANSI/AWWA C652-02Disinfection of Water-Storage Facilities.
ANSI/AWWA D102-06Coating Steel Water-Storage Tanks.
ANSI/AWWA D108-10Aluminum Dome Roofs for Water Storage
Facilities.
API

5LSpecifcation for Line Pipe, 44th Edition, February 2009

Addendum.
API 650Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage, 11th Edition.
ASCE** 7-05Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.
* American Concrete Institute, 38800 Country Club Dr., Farmington Hills, MI 48331.
American Institute of Steel Construction, 1 East Wacker Drive, Suite 700, Chicago, IL 60601.
American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.
American Welding Society, 550 NW LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.
American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20005.
** American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA 20191.
Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

4 AWWA D100-11
ASME
*
B16.5-09Pipe Flanges & Flanged Fittings: NPS
1
/2 Trough
NPS 24.
ASME BPVC Sec. VBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code; Nondestructive
Examination, 2007 Edition, 2009b Addenda.
ASME BPVC Sec. VIII, Div. 1Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code; Rules for
Construction of Pressure Vessels, 2007 Edition, 2009b Addenda.
ASME BPVC Sec. VIII, Div. 2Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code; Alternative
Rules; Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels, 2007 Edition, 2009b Addenda.
ASME BPVC Sec. IXBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code; Qualifcation Stan-
dard for Welding and Brazing Procedures, Welders, Brazers, and Welding and
Brazing Operators, 2007 Edition, 2009b Addenda.
ASNT

SNT-TC-1A-06Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifca-

tion and Certifcation in Nondestructive Testing.
ASTM

A6-09Standard Specifcation for General Requirements for Rolled

Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling.
ASTM A20-09Standard Specifcation for General Requirements for Steel
Plates for Pressure Vessels.
ASTM A27-08Standard Specifcation for Steel Castings, Carbon, for
General Application.
ASTM A36-08Standard Specifcation for Carbon Structural Steel.
ASTM A53-07Standard Specifcation for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-
Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless.
ASTM A105-09Standard Specifcation for Carbon Steel Forgings for
Piping Applications.
ASTM A106-08Standard Specifcation for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for
High-Temperature Service.
ASTM A108-07Standard Specifcation for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy,
Cold-Finished.
ASTM A131-08Standard Specifcation for Structural Steel for Ships.
ASTM A139-04Standard Specifcation for Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded
Steel Pipe (NPS 4 and over).
* ASME International, Tree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016.
American Society for Nondestructive Testing, P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Lane, Columbus, OH 43228.
ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

WELDED CARBON STEEL TANKS FOR WATER STORAGE 5

ASTM A181-06Standard Specifcation for Carbon Steel Forgings for
General-Purpose Piping.
ASTM A193-09Standard Specifcation for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel
Bolting Materials for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Spe-
cial Purpose Applications.
ASTM A283-03 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specifcation for Low and
Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates.
ASTM A307-07bStandard Specifcation for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs,
60,000 psi Tensile Strength.
ASTM A325-09ae1Standard Specifcation for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat
Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength.
ASTM A333-05Standard Specifcation for Seamless and Welded Steel
Pipe for Low-Temperature Service.
ASTM A350-07Standard Specifcation for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel
Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for Piping Components.
ASTM A370-09ae1Standard Test Methods and Defnitions for Mechani-
cal Testing of Steel Products.
ASTM A435-90 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specifcation for Straight-
Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates.
ASTM A500-09Standard Specifcation for Cold-Formed Welded and
Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes.
ASTM A501-07Standard Specifcation for Hot-Formed Welded and Seam-
less Carbon Steel Structural Tubing.
ASTM A516-06Standard Specifcation for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon
Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service.
ASTM A517-06Standard Specifcation for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy
Steel, High-Strength, Quenched and Tempered.
ASTM A524-96 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Specifcation for Seamless
Carbon Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures.
ASTM A537-08Standard Specifcation for Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-
Treated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel.
ASTM A568-09aStandard Specifcation for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Struc-
tural, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled, General
Requirements for.
ASTM A573-05 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Specifcation for Structural
Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness.
Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

6 AWWA D100-11
ASTM A588-05Standard Specifcation for High-Strength Low-Alloy
Structural Steel, up to 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point, with Atmospheric
Corrosion Resistance.
ASTM A592-04 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Specifcation for High-
Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for
Pressure Vessels.
ASTM A633-01 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Specifcation for Normal-
ized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates.
ASTM A662-03 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specifcation for Pressure
Vessel Plates, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel, for Moderate and Lower Tempera-
ture Service.
ASTM A668-04Standard Specifcation for Steel Forgings, Carbon and
Alloy, for General Industrial Use.
ASTM A678-05 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Specifcation for Quenched
and Tempered Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates.
ASTM A992-06aStandard Specifcation for Structural Steel Shapes.
ASTM A1011-09bStandard Specifcation for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-
Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and High-Strength Low-
Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength.
ASTM D1751-04 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Specifcation for Preformed
Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Non-
extruding and Resilient Bituminous Types).
ASTM F1554-07aStandard Specifcation for Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55,
and 105-ksi Yield Strength.
CSA* G40.21-04 (R2009)General Requirements for Rolled or Welded
Structural Quality Steels.
OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Standards, 29 CFR, Part 1910,

latest edition.
AISI

T-192Steel Plate Engineering Data, Volumes 1 and 2, 1992 Edition.

* Canadian Standards Association, 178 Rexdale Blvd., Toronto, Ont., Canada M9W 1R3.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 200 Constitution Ave., NW Washington, DC 20210.
American Iron and Steel Institute, 1140 Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036.
Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.