The Arabic Verb

Al AfaAal Al Arabia
‫األفعال العربية‬
Arabic Verb Conjugation
University of Hawaii at Manoa Arabic Language Program

Author / Publisher: Ahmed Amin

Editor / Coordinator: Mohammed, Aliha
 Help Page(Abbreviations)
 Masculine = (masc.)
 Feminine ( f )
 Neuter = ( n )
 Plural = (pl)
 Singular = (s)
 P = Person (1st, we; 2nd = you [S], you [Pl]; 3rd = he, she,
you,[S], we, you [Pl], they)
 / a /, / o /, / i /coloured letter in a word stands for the
diacritic marks in turns which are Fatha, Dommah and
Kaserah.
 Help Page(Abbreviations)
 /a’ / stands for The Arabic letter / ‫ أ‬/.
 a” / stand for / ‫ ع‬/
 /O’/ stand for / ‫ ُ أ‬/
 / i’ / stands for / ‫ إ‬/.
 /a^/ stands for / ‫ آ‬/.
 / O” / stands for / ‫ ؤ‬/.
 / i” / stands for / ‫ ئـــ‬/.
 / r / stands for / ‫ غ‬/.
 * / a / stands for / ‫ ى‬/ which pronounced the same like / ‫ ا‬/
alif without hamzah.
 Help Page(Abbreviations)
 t stands for / ‫ ط‬/. * th stands for / ‫ ذ‬/
 Z stands for / ‫ ظ‬/. * / i: / stands for /‫ ي‬/

 h stands for / ‫ ح‬/. * /a / stands for /‫ى‬/

 s=‫ص‬
 d=‫ض‬
 The blue letters stands for diacritic marks:

/a / =/ َ / which is called fatha.
 / o / = / ِ / which is called Dhamah.
 / i / = / ُ / which is clalled Kasrah.
 The Verb‫“ َدَد َر َس‬Drasa”/ Study
 The Verb Study = "Drasa" =‫َدَد َر َس‬
 Root word: Study = ”Darasa“ =‫دَ َر َس‬
 (1)pronounce and should
Rule 1: The pronunciation of the Roman alphabet letter in blue /a/ is only
not be written within an Arabic word. The diacratic mark "Fatha" is written within the word "Drasa".
 Neuter singular: I = Ana. Ana adros.
.I study .‫أ َنا أ د ُرس‬ 

 Masculine singular: You = Anta. Anta tadroso.

.You study .‫أنت َتد ُرس‬ َ 

 Feminine singular: You = Anti. Anti tadrosi:.

.I study .‫ت َتد ُرسِ ي‬ ِ ‫أن‬ 

 Neuter dual: You = Antoma. Antoma tadrosan.

.You study .‫سان‬ َ ‫أ ْن ُتمِا َتدْ ُر‬ 

 Masculine singular: He = Hua. Hua yadros.

.He studies . ‫س‬ ُ ‫ه َُو َيدْ ُر‬ 
 The verb “Darasa”/ ‫ =د ََر َس‬study.
 Feminine singular: She = Hiya. Hiya tadroso.
She studies .ُ ‫هِي َتدْ ُرس‬ 

 Neuter dual: You = Antoma. Antoma tadrosan.

.You study .‫وسان‬ َ ‫أ ْن ُتم َتدْ ُر‬ 

 Neuter dual: they = Homa. Homa yadrosan.

.They study .‫سان‬ َ ‫ُه َما َيدْ ُر‬ 

 Neuter plural: We = Nahnu. Nahnu nadros.

.We study .‫س‬ ُ ‫َنحنُ َند ُر‬ 

 Neuter plural: You = Antom. Antom tadrosu.

.You study .‫سون‬ ُ ‫أ ْن ُتم َتدْ ُر‬ 

 Neuter plural: They = Hom. Hom yadrosu.

.They study .‫سوا‬ ُ ‫هُم َيدْ ُر‬ 
 The verb “Darasa”/ ‫ = َعم َِل‬study.
 Root word: a”amila / work.
َ‫ َع َمل‬:‫الفعل‬ 

 ِ a’a”malo.
Neuter singular: I = Ana. Ana a’
. I work .ُ‫أ َنا أ ْع َمل‬ 

 Masculine singular: You = Anta. Anta taa”malo.

. You work .ُ‫أ ْن َت َت ْعمل‬ 

 Feminine singular:You = Anti. Anti taa”mali:.

. You work .‫ت َت ْع َملِي‬ ِ ‫أ ْن‬ 

 Masculine singular: He = Hua. Hua yaa”malo.

. He works .ُ‫ه َُو َي ْع َمل‬ 

 Feminine singular: She = Hiya. Hiya taa”malo.

. She works .ُ‫هِي َت ْع َمل‬ 
 The verb “work” /a”amila‫ َعم َِل‬/
 Neuter dual: You = Antoma. Antoma taa”malani.
.You work .‫أ ْن ُت َما ت َْع َم َلان‬ 

 Neuter dual: they = Homa. Homa yaa”malani.

.They work.‫ُه َما َي ْع َماَل ن‬ 

 Neuter plural: We = Nahnu. Nahnu naa”malo.

.We work .ُ‫َنحنُ َنع َمل‬ 

 Neuter plural: You, Antom, Antom taa”maloun.

.You work .‫أن ُتم َتع َملُون‬ 

 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yaa”malu.

.They work.‫هُم َيع َملُوا‬ 
 َ ”/
The verb “shariba” /“ ‫شــر َِب‬

drink
Root word: shariba / drink
َ : ‫الفعل‬
‫شر َِب‬ 

 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana a’shrabo.

.I drink .‫ب‬ ُ ‫ش َر‬ ْ ‫أ َنا أ‬ 

 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta tashrabo.

.You drink .‫ب‬ ُ ‫ش َر‬ ْ ‫أنت َت‬
َ 

 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti tashrabi:.

.You drink .‫ش ِر ِبي‬ ْ ‫ت َت‬
ِ ‫أن‬ 

 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua yashrabo.

He drinks .‫ب‬ ُ ‫َشر‬
َ ‫هُو َي‬ 

 Feminine singular, She , Hiya , Hiya tashrabo.

.She drinks.‫ب‬ ُ ‫َشر‬
َ ‫هِي ت‬ 
The verb “shariba” /“‫ ”شــرب‬/drink
 Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma tashrabani.
َ ‫أن ُت ًما ت‬
. You drink .‫َشر َبان‬ 

 Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yashrabani.

. They drink .‫َشر َبان‬
َ ‫ُه َما ي‬ 

 Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu nashrabo.

. We drink .‫ب‬ َ ‫َنحنُ ن‬
ُ ‫َشر‬ 

 Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom tashraboun.

َ ‫أن ُتم ت‬
. You drink .‫َشر ُبون‬ 

 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yashrabu.

. They drink .‫َشر ُبوا‬
َ ‫هُم ي‬ 
 The Verb “A’kala” / ”‫ “ أَـ َك َل‬/ eat
 ِ A’kala = eat.
Root word: A’k
”eat”“ُ‫“ أَ ْأ ُكل‬: ‫الفعل‬ 

 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana a’a’kolo.

.I eat. ُ ‫أنا أَأَ ُكل‬ 

 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta Ta’kolo.

.You eat. ُ ‫أنت َتأ ُكل‬َ 

 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti ta’koli:.

.You eat.‫ت َتأ ُكلِي‬ ِ ‫أن‬ 

 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua ya’kolo.

.He eats. ُ ‫هو َيأ ُكل‬ 

 Feminine singular, She , Hiya , Hiya ta’kolo.

.She eats. ُ ‫هي َتأ ُكل‬ 
 The Verb “A’kala” / ”‫ “ أَـ َك َل‬/ eat
 Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma taa’kolan.
.You eat . ‫أن ُت َما َتأ ُكاَل ن‬ 

 Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yaa’kolan.

.They eat. ‫َه ًما َيأ ُكالن‬ 

 Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu naa’kolo.

.We eat. ُ ‫َنحنُ َنأ ُكل‬ 

 Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom taa’koloun.

.You eat‫أن ُتم َتأ ُكلُون‬ 

 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yaa’kolu.

.They eat. ‫هم َيأ ُكلُوا‬ 
 The verb “Samia”a” / ‫ســ ِم َعـ‬
َ / listen
 Root word: samia”a / drink
“‫س َم َع‬
َ ” : ‫الفعل‬ 

 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana asmaa”o.

. I hear .‫أنا أَس َم ُع‬ 

 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta tasmaa”o.

. You hear ُ.‫أنت َ َتس َمع‬ 

 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti tasmaa”i.

.You hear . ‫أنت ِ َتس َمعِي‬ 

 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua yasmaa”o.

. He hears .‫هو َيس َم ُع‬ 
 The verb “Samia”a” / ‫ســ ِم َعـ‬
َ / listen
 Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma tasmaa”an.
.You hear .ِ ‫أنتما َتس َم َعان‬ 

 Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yasmaa”an.

.They hear.ِ ‫هما َيس َم َعان‬ 

 Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu nasmaa”o.

.We hear .‫نحن َنس َم ُع‬ 

 Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom tasma”uona.

.You hear . َ‫أنتم َتس َم ُعون‬ 

 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yasmaa”ou.

.They hear .‫هم َيس َم ُعوا‬ 
The verb “Qaraa’a / “read ‫ َ َقـــَ َرأ‬/
 Root word: qaraa’a / read
read “ ‫ “ َقـَ َرأ‬:‫الفعل‬ 

 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana a’qraa’o.

.I read َ ‫أنا أ ْق ْـ‬
.ُ ‫ـرأ‬ 

 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta taqraa’o

.You read .ُ ‫قرأ‬
َ َ‫أنت َ تـ‬ 

 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti taqraa’i.

.You read .‫قـ َرأي‬
ْ ‫أنت ِ ت‬ 

 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua yaqra’o.

 The verb “Qraa’aa”/read/ ‫قــرأ‬
 Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma taqraa’ani.
.You read .ِ ‫قرآن‬ َ ‫ أنتما َت‬
 Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yaqraa’ani.
.They read .ِ ‫قرآن‬ َ ‫ هما َي‬
 Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu naqraa’o.
.We read .ُ‫قرأ‬
َ ‫ َنحنُ َن‬
 Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom taqraa’ouna.
.You read .‫قرأُون‬ َ ‫ أن ُتم َت‬
 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yaqraa’ou.
.They read .‫قرأُوا‬ َ ‫ هُم َي‬
The verb “Tahadatha” /speak ‫ تــحدث‬/
 Root word: tahadatha / speak.
َ ‫ َت َحدَد‬:‫ الفعل‬
‫َث‬
‫ث‬
 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana a’tahadatho.
.I speak . ‫ث‬ ُ ‫ أنا أ َت َح َد‬
 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta tatahadatho.
.You speak .‫َث‬‫ث‬ُ ‫ أنت َ َت َت َحدَد‬
 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti tatahadathi.
.You speak .‫ أنت ِ َت َت َحدَ ِثي‬
 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua yatahadatho.
.He speaks .‫ث‬ ُ ‫ هو َي َت َحدَد‬
‫َث‬
 Feminine singular, She , Hiya , Hiya tatahadatho.
.She speaks .‫ث‬ ُ َ‫ هي َت َت َحد‬
 / َ ‫َتــ َح‬
The verb “Tahadatha” / speak ‫دث‬
 Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma tatahadathani.
.You speak .ِ ‫أنتما تَ َت َح َدثـَان‬ 

 Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yatahadathani.

.They speak .ِ ‫َثـَان‬ ‫هما يَ َت َح َدثـ‬ 

 Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu natahadatho.

.We speak .‫َث‬‫ث‬ُ ‫َنحنُ نَ َت َح َد‬ 

 Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom tatahadathouna.

.You speak . َ‫أنتم َت َت َح َد ُثون‬ 

 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yatahadathu.

.They speak .‫هم يَ َت َح َد ُثوا‬ 
 The verb “kataba”/“‫ ” كــَ َت َب‬/ write
 Root word: kataba / write
‫ كـَ َت َب‬:‫الفعل‬ 

 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana a’ktoba.

ُ ‫أنا أك ُت‬
.I write .‫ب‬ 

 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta taktobo.

ُ ‫أنت تَك ُت‬
.You write .‫ب‬ 

 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti taktobi:.

.You write .‫أنت ِ تك ُتبـِي‬ 

 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua yaktobo.

He writes ..‫ِب‬
‫ِب‬
ُ ‫هو َيكت‬ 
 The verb “kataba” / “‫” َكـ َت َب‬/ write
 Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma taktobani.
. You write .ِ ‫أنتما تَك ُت َبان‬ 

 Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yaktobani.

. They write .ِ ‫هما يَك ُت َبان‬ 

 Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu naktobo.

.We write ُ ‫َنحنَ نَك ُت‬
.‫ب‬ 

 Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom taktobouna.

. You write . َ‫أنتم تَك ُت ُبون‬ 

 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yaktobu.

. They write .‫هم يَك ُت ُبوا‬ 
 The verb “a”asha” ‫اش‬
/ َ ‫ َع‬/ live
 Root word: a”asha / live.
َ ‫ َعاش‬: ‫الفعل‬ 

 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana a’a”eesho.

. I live .‫يش‬ُ ‫أنا أَ ِع‬ 

 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta taa”eesho.

ُ ‫أنت َ َتع‬
.You live . ‫ِيش‬ 

 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti taa”eeshi

.You live .‫أنت ِ َتعِيشِ ي‬ 

 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua yaa”eesho.

.She lives .‫ِيش‬
ُ ‫هو َيع‬ 
 The verb “a”asha” /‫اش‬
َ ‫ َع‬/ live
Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma taa”eeshani.
. You live .ِ ‫شان‬ َ ‫أنتما َتعِي‬ 

Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yaa”eeshani.

. They live .ِ ‫شان‬ َ ‫هما َيعِي‬ 

Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu naa”eesho.

. We live . ‫ِيش‬
ُ ‫نحن ُ َنع‬ 

Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom taa”eeshuona.

. You live . َ‫شون‬ُ ‫أنتم َتعِي‬ 

Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yaa”eeshu.

. They live .‫شوا‬ ُ ‫هم َيعِي‬ 
 The verb”habba” /“‫ ” َحـ َّب‬/like
 Root word: habba / like
َّ ‫ َحب‬: ‫الفعل‬ 

 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana o’ohibo.

ُ ‫أنا أ ُح‬
I like .‫ِب‬ 

 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta tohibo

ُ ‫أنت َ ُتح‬
.You like .‫ِب‬ 

 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti tohibi

.You like .‫أنت ِ ُتح ِِبـِي‬ 

 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua yohibo.

.He likes .‫ِب‬ ُ ‫هو ُيح‬ 

 Feminine singular, She , Hiya , Hiya tohibo.

 The verb”habba”‫ـب‬َّ ‫ ح‬/ / like
(1)

 Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma tohibani.

ِ ‫أنتما ُت‬
. You like .ِ ‫ح َبان‬ 

 Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yohibani.

. They like .ِ ‫ح َبان‬ ِ ‫هما ُي‬ 

 Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu nohibo.

. We like .‫ِب‬
ُ ‫نحن ُ نُح‬ 

 Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom tohibouna.

. You like . َ‫أنتم ُت ِح ُبون‬ 

 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yohibu.

. They like .‫ح ُبوا‬ ِ ‫هم ُي‬ 
 The verb “jara”(1)”‫“ َ َج َرى‬/ /run
 Root word: jara / run
‫ َج َرى‬: ‫الفعل‬ 

 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana a’jri:.

.I run .‫أنا أَجر ِي‬ 

 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta tajri:.

.You run .‫َجر ِي‬
ِ ‫أنت َ ت‬ 

 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti tajri:.

.You run .‫َجر ِي‬ِ ‫أنت ِ ت‬ 

 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua yajri:.

.He runs .‫جري‬
ِ ‫هو َي‬ 
 The verb “jara” ”‫ “ َ َج َرى‬/* /run
 Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma tajriiani.
.You run .ِ ‫أنتما ت َْج ِر َيان‬ 

 Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yajriiani.

.They run .ِ ‫هما ي َْج ِر َيان‬ 

 Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu najri:.

.We run .‫َجري‬ ِ ‫نحن ُ ن‬ 

 Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom tajrouna.

.You run. َ‫أنتم تَج ُروـن‬ 

 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yajru.

.They run .‫هم يَج ُروا‬ 
 َ /watch
The verb “Shahada”“ / ”‫شــا َه َد‬
 Root word: shahada / watch
َ : ‫الفعل‬
َ‫شاهَد‬ 

 Neuter, singular, I , Ana , Ana o’oshahido.

َ ُ‫أنا أ‬
.I watch .ُ‫شا ِهد‬ 

 Masculine singular, You , Anta , Anta toshahido.

َ ‫أنت َ ُت‬
.You watch .ُ‫شا ِهد‬ 

 Feminine singular, You , Anti , Anti toshahidi:.

َ ‫أنت ِ ُت‬
.You watch .‫شا ِه ِدي‬ 

 Masculine singular, He , Hua , Hua yoshahido.

.He watches .‫شاهِد‬ َ ُ‫هو ي‬
َ 
 َ
The verb “Shahada”“/ ”‫شــا َه َد‬
/watch
 Neuter dual, You, Antoma, Antoma toshahdani.
. You watch .‫شاهِدَ ان‬ َ ُ‫أ ْن ُت َما ت‬ 

 Neuter dual, they, Homa, Homa yoshahidani.

. They watch .‫شاهِدَ ان‬ َ ُ‫ُه َما ي‬ 

 Neuter plural, We , Nahnu , Nahnu noshahido.

. We watch .‫شاهِد‬ َ ُ‫َنحنُ ن‬ 

 Neuter plural, You, Antom, Antom toshahidoun.

. You watch .‫شا ِه ُدون‬ َ ُ‫أ ْن ُتم ت‬ 

 Neuter plural, They, Hom, Hom yoshahidu.

. They watch .‫شا ِه ُدوا‬ َ ُ‫هُم ي‬ 
 Question words
 (Ma?) What? / (Matha?) What?
 ‫ماذا ؟‬ ‫ما ؟‬
 Ma hatha? ‫ما هذا؟‬ what is this?
 Hatha Kitabe. ‫هذا كـتاب‬This is a book.

 Matha tohibo an tashrab? =

 ‫ماذا تحب أن تشرب؟‬

 What do you like to drink?

 Questions
 Matha tohibo an tashrab? =
‫ ماذا تحب أن تشرب؟‬
 What do you like to drink?=

 o’ohabo an asharabo miyah.

.‫ أحب أن اشرب مياه‬

 I like to drink water.
 Where?‫أـين‬
MSA Egyptian Gulf
Aina‫ـين‬
َ‫أ‬ Fein‫فـــين‬ Wein‫وين‬

To speak politely for someone

formal to say
M. f.
Hadritak Hadritik
‫حضر ًتك‬ ‫حضرتِك‬