2:

O - O -
, , ,
. , , .
,
,
.

,
, ,
:

, ,
, , , , ,

, ,
, , ,
, , , ,
()
, ,
, ,
,
, , ,

, , , , ,

, , ,
, ,
, , , , ,
, ,
,
,

27

KEAAIO 2

2.1.
, , ,
.
, ,
. ,
, , .
, , ,

, (, , .) .
, , .

2.2. ,
(Keel)
26

27

23

22

21

28

29

7
20

36

19
32
33
37

35

30
31

34

15

18

13
14

17

25
2.1: .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. L
12. 13. 14.
15. 16. 17.
18. 19. 20.
21. 22. 23. 24.
25. 26. 27.
28. 29.
30. 31. 32.
33. 34. 35.
36. W ( W) 37.

11 10
12

16

24

28

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

(, .) . , ,
,
.
, , .
. ,
, .
,
. ( 2.1).

(Stem post)

. , .
, , ( ) . , , , . ,
, ,
,
.
, .

(Stern post)
, .
.
.
, , ,
.
,
,
. ,
, , , , . , ,
.
( ) , .

29
(Prow Stem Bow Head of ship)
.

KEAAIO 2

.
,

,
,
.
,
( )

.
,
, (
).

2.2:

, , :
( )
, () . ,
.
: ,
.
, , , , , .
: , ( ).
: , , ,
,
, , .
:
S,
. ,
( Falcis = ).
:

(Stern Poop Aft of ship)

30

.
,
. , ,
. , ,
( )
( ).

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

, ,
() , , , .

, ,
,
E
,
.
K

K
. 2.3:
,
,
.
,
,
, , .
:
O

. ,
, .
: . ,
,
, , ,
.
:
. ,
, ( ) .
:

. , ,
.
:

(Longitudinal center line plane)

() . ()
, , ( ) ( 2.4).

31

KEAAIO 2
1
2

(Fore Perpendicular)

() ,

.
(Aft Perpendicular)
() ,
3
3
. , ,
.
4
4
(Midship section)
2.4: .
, 1. 2. ()
3. 4.
.

,
(, , , , .) , , ( 2.5).
1

12

11
K
13

32

2.5: .
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

5
13

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

(Deck sheer)
, , . , , ,
, .
.
, ,
.

(Deck Camber)
, , ( ). , .
, , ,
.

(Waterline)
() , . , ,
, , (water line plane).
,

(Load Waterline).
,
(Light Waterline).
, , , (Designed
Waterline).

(Waterlines)
,
, , , .

(Underwater parts)
, ,
( ). , .

33
(Underwater or Submerged Bottom)
,

KEAAIO 2
, .
, , , . ,
, . , .

(Freeboards)
, .
, .

(Freeboard height)
( )
,
. ( ) .

(Depth Height)
,
. .
, ( )
,
.

(Screw post)

34

, , , .
,
(
, )
, .
,
. ,
, .
, , . , , .
, , ,
,
.

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

2.3.
(Frames)
( ) L
, ,
40 60 .
, ( ) .
, ( ) . , , .. 35 42 . ( 2.6).
1

3
4

5
21

6
7

20
18

17
19
9
16
15
10

14
13

11

12
2.6: .
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6. 7.
8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13.
14. 15. 16. 17.
18. 19. 20.

35

KEAAIO 2
(Girder, Keelson) ()
, , , , , .

(Girder, stringer)
, , (
). ,
.

(Cross beam Girder, Stringer)

, , (
) .
.

(Beam) ()
. .
.

(Frame base plate)

,
, , , (
), ,
.
(. )
. ( ) ,
, , .

(Bracket Knee) ()
, , ( )
( ) ( 2.7).

(Deck)

36

, ,
, . , .
, , ,

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

2
1

6
3
4

7
13

12

8
10

11
9
2.7: .
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7.
8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13.

(main deck). , , ,
, .
, , ,
.

(Shell plating)
,
. ,
, ()
.
, ,
, . (Keel strake plates) , ,

(Sheer strake plates).
, , / ,
,
( , , .. 1, 2, 3, 4 .).

37

KEAAIO 2

, (A, B, C, D, E, .).
, .. Plate D12 port = D12 ,
12 , D, . , , ,
( ) , , .. 1, 2,
3 ., .. Sheer strake plate 24 port, , 24 .

(Bilge Keel)
, , 30 50 , , . , , , .

(Bow)
,
. .

(Quarter)
,
. .
2.4.

(Superstructure)

, .
, :

38

. ( , Forecastle)
,
( : ). ,
, , .
, , , , . , .

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

. (, Bridge House)
, (). (), (
),
.
, , .

. (, Poop)
, . , , .
,
,
, . ()
( ).
, (Ro Ro, Containers,
.)
, .
().
, , , ( ), .
, , , , .

(Deck House)
, , , . , . ,
.
,
(, .), .

, , .
, . ,
, , .

39

KEAAIO 2
(Accomodation)
, , .
. , , , , .
.
, () .
, ,

.
, , , , . , , (, .) , , .

(Double Bottom)
. () (
) .

, , .
, , ( , ), , (. ).
, , ,

, 1, 2, 3 .
, (
) ( ) . , , , , ,
().
,
(port), (starboard), (Centre).
,
, ,
, .. 2 , 3 , 5 .

(, tank)
40

,
. ,
, , , , .

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

(, , .)
, .
, ,
.
, (, ) , ,
. .
, (

), , , ( ) .
, :

. (Cargo Tank)
, , () ( ) , ,
, , , , .

(Cargo Lines) ,
.
,

(Cargo pumps).

. (Ballast Tank)
(, ) .
( ).
,
, ,
. , , ,
.
, , , . .
, ,
LPG/LNG, , , ,
, .
:

41

KEAAIO 2
(Double Bottom Tank):
.
(Upper Wing Tank): ,
. , , . , , .
(Side Tank): ,
.
, ()
,
( ,
).
( , ).
() () ,
(Ballast pump). , ,
(By Gravity).
, , .

. (Fuel / Diesel Oil Tank)

42

.
Fuel, Diesel .
fuel
. , diesel,
( diesel fuel) .

.
, ,
.

fuel (, ),
, , ,
.
, ,
, .

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

. (Lube Lubricant Oil Tank)
, ,
. , .

. (Fresh Water Tank)

,
,
.
( ) ,

( , ).

. (Trimming Tank)
, ,
( ), .
.
,
, (Fore
Peak Tank) (After Peak Tank).
, , ,
. ,
, (. ),
.
,
.

. (Deep Tank)
,
.
, , , (Special Liquid Cargoes)
.
, ,
. ,
, (, .),
.

(Chain Locker)
,
.

43

KEAAIO 2
,
. .
, .

(Bulkhead)
, ,
. ,
, .
, ( ),
. ,
, .
, , .
, , ,
.

(Water-tight doors)
.
, , .
, , .
, , .
,
, , , , , ,
( , ,
.).
, ,
, .
( ) ( ).

(Fire Resisting doors)

44

.
.
,
, , (

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

, )
.
,
. ,
, , , ,
.
FIRE DOOR No ....
, , , , .. , .,
, .

(Colision Tank)
.
.

.
, (Fore Peak).

(Propeller)
.
, , , () , ()
.
, ,

, ( ).
, () ,
,
.
, ( Screw).
,
. , , ,
.
:

.
, , . :
, , .
,

45

KEAAIO 2
. ,
, (
).

.
,
.
:
, ( ).
, (
).
, . ,
, ( ), , .

(Rudder)
, . . ,
, () .
, , (
) ,
, ,
.
, , ,
, , , ,
() . .
( ) .
,
. .
, , .

2.5.
(Cargo Space Cargo Hold)
46

.
, ,
.

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

, , .
,
( ) (
, , ).
,
, ,
() . ,
, ,
.
,
, ,
.
, ,
.
, . ( ) , , , ,
.

(Tween Deck)
( )
, .
( , )
() ,
, . , (Lower hold) , , (Tween deck).
, , , , , ,
, .
,
, .
,
. .. (, , , .) .
()
(Pontoons) , ( ).
,
, ,
(, , deck)
.

47

KEAAIO 2

2.6. ,
(Engine Room)

. , () .
, , .

(Boiler Room)
()
, .
, , , .
( ) ( , , .). , ,
, .
, ,
, , , , , , .

(Electric generating station)

, .
, , . .

(Pump room)

48

, .
,
( ) . ,
,
.

.

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

(Navigation Bridge)
.
, ,
, .
(navigation bridge), (Chart room)
(Communication office).
(Deck)
, ()
.

2.7.
(Length over all)
.

(Breadth extreme)

, . ,
,
.

(Beam Breadth)

, . , , .

(Length Between Perpendiculars)

. , ,
, .

(Draught Draft)
. ,
.
, (
) ,
, , .

49

KEAAIO 2
(Forward draft, df)
. , , ,
.
,
.

(Aft ward draft, da)

. , , ,
.
, , .

(Middle Mid draft, md)

, .
, , ,

.
, , ( Hogging Sagging),
.

M (Mean Draft, dm)

. , ,
, , ( )
.
,
, () . ,
.

(Trim)

50

( )
.
, :
, (
df>da).
, (
da>df).
:
df = 8,5 da = 9,5 , :
= 9,5 . 8,5 . = 1 .

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

, 1 1 . .
,
.

(Light Ship)
( ) , .
, , .
.

(Dead Weight)
, ,
.
, , , ,
(, , , .) , (Constants).

(Displacement)
, .
.
, ,
, . ,
.
,
. ( ) .
,
.

(Load Lines)

,
, ,
.
(International Load Line Convention), 1966, .
,
, , .

, , , ,
()

51

KEAAIO 2
, .
,
. S, Summer =
.
540
( , ),
, .
Summer . , () , .. BV: Bureau Veritas.
, , .

1 12
,
300 .

LTF
.
TF
LF

LT
,
F
T
230 .
, LS
230 .

H
R
S
/ ( 2.8):
LW
W

52

450 .
1. S = Summer = - LWNA
WNA
.
230 .
540 . M
540 . P

230 .

, - 2.8: , .
: ( ).
: ( ).
. 25
, 300 ., , R, 450 ., 540 . ,
- 540 . , 230 ., 230 ., 230 ., 230 ., TF, F, T , S,
, - W, WNA, LWNA, LW, LS , LT, LF, LTF
, .
2. W = Winter = . ,
.
1/48 .

OPOOIA - ONOMATOOIA - IATAEI OIOY

3. WNA = Winter North Atlantic = .
100 50 .
,
.
4. T = Tropical = .
,
. Summer
1/48 .
5. F = Fresh = .
,
(. 1000 Kg/m3) , ,
. Summer
( Tropical).
Summer /40. ( = SUMMER) =
SUMMER).
6. TF = Tropical Fresh = .
,
, ,
.
1/48 Fresh.
, , ,
,
.
,
. .
,
L ( Lumber = ) , .. LS, LW, LWNA, LF, LT LTF.

2.8.
(Centre of Gravity, G)
, ,
( ).
, , ,
, .

53

KEAAIO 2
, , , , :
, .
, .
, .

(Centre of Buoancy, )

.


.
,
, . ,
. ,
, :
, .
, .
, .

5 ,
, , , , .

, , ( )
,
, , , , .

54