Todays

Topics
9. The Discrete Wavelet Transform

Topic 7:

Discrete Wavelet Transform
Wavelet transform vs. Laplacian pyramid
Basic intui?on: a simple wavelet-like 2D transform
The 1D Haar wavelet transform
1D Haar wavelet transform as a matrix product
Reconstruc?ng a 1D image from its wavelet coefs
Wavelet-based image compression
The 2D Haar wavelet transform

Wavelet-Based Image Representa?ons

The Laplacian Pyramid Representa?on

Wavelet-Based Image Representa?ons

Wavelet-Based Image Representa?ons

Reminder: The Eigenface/PCA Image Basis

Represen?ng Images by their PCA Basis

The Discrete Wavelet Transform

The Discrete Wavelet Transform

Topic 7:

Discrete Wavelet Transform
Wavelet transform vs. Laplacian pyramid
Basic intui?on: a simple wavelet-like 2D transform
The 1D Haar wavelet transform
1D Haar wavelet transform as a matrix product
Reconstruc?ng a 1D image from its wavelet coefs
Wavelet-based image compression
The 2D Haar wavelet transform

A Simple, Minimal 2-D Image Transform

Transformed image (2Nx2N)

Input image (2Nx2N)

wavelet
transform

A Simple, Minimal 2-D Image Transform

Step 1: Create 4 new images of size 2N-1x2N-1 as shown in
gure
Transformed image (2Nx2N)

Input image (2Nx2N)

Step 1

A Simple, Minimal 2-D Image Transform

Step 1: Create 4 new images of size 2N-1x2N-1 as shown in
gure
Transformed image (2Nx2N)

Input image (2Nx2N)

Step 1

A Simple, Minimal 2-D Image Transform

Step 1: Create 4 new images of size 2N-1x2N-1 as shown in
gure
Input image (2Nx2N)

Transformed image (2Nx2N)

Step 1

A Simple, Minimal 2-D Image Transform

Step 2: Recursively perform Step 1 for top-leW quadrant of
result
Transformed image (2Nx2N)

Result of Step 1 (2N-1x2N-1)

Average
Image

Step 2

1 2
3 4

average

A Simple, Minimal 2-D Image Transform

Step 3: Recursion stops when average image is 1 pixel
Transformed image (2Nx2N)

Inver?bility of the Transforma?on

1 2
3 4

Topic 7:

Discrete Wavelet Transform
Wavelet transform vs. Laplacian pyramid
Basic intui?on: a simple wavelet-like 2D transform
The 1D Haar wavelet transform
1D Haar wavelet transform as a matrix product
Reconstruc?ng a 1D image from its wavelet coefs
Wavelet-based image compression
The 2D Haar wavelet transform

1D Haar Wavelet Transform: Recursive Deni?on

1D Haar Wavelet Transform: Recursive Deni?on

1D Haar Wavelet Transform: Recursive Deni?on

1D Haar Wavelet Transform: Recursive Deni?on

1D Haar Wavelet Transform: Recursive Deni?on

Topic 7:

Discrete Wavelet Transform
Wavelet transform vs. Laplacian pyramid
Basic intui?on: a simple wavelet-like 2D transform
The 1D Haar wavelet transform
1D Haar wavelet transform as a matrix product
Reconstruc?ng a 1D image from its wavelet coefs
Wavelet-based image compression
The 2D Haar wavelet transform

1D Haar Wavelet Transform as a Matrix Product

1D Haar Wavelet Transform as a Matrix Product

1D Haar Wavelet Transform as a Matrix Product

1D Haar Wavelet Transform as a Matrix Product

1D Haar Wavelet Transform as a Matrix Product

1D Haar Wavelet Transform as a Matrix Product

1D Haar Wavelet Transform as a Matrix Product

The 1D Haar Wavelet Transform Matrix W

Topic 7:

Discrete Wavelet Transform
Wavelet transform vs. Laplacian pyramid
Basic intuiBon: a simple wavelet-like 2D transform
The 1D Haar wavelet transform
1D Haar wavelet transform as a matrix product
ReconstrucBng a 1D image from its wavelet coefs
Wavelet-based image compression
The 2D Haar wavelet transform

ReconstrucBng an Image from its Wavelet Coefs

ReconstrucBng an Image from its Wavelet Coefs

ReconstrucBng an Image from its Wavelet Coefs

ReconstrucBng an Image from its Wavelet Coefs

ReconstrucBng an Image from its Wavelet Coefs

ReconstrucBng an Image from its Wavelet Coefs

ReconstrucBng an Image from its Wavelet Coefs

InterpreBng the Wavelet Coecients

InterpreBng the Wavelet Coecients

InterpreBng the Wavelet Coecients

The Normalized Haar Wavelet Matrix

The Normalized Haar Wavelet Coecients

Topic 7:

Discrete Wavelet Transform
Wavelet transform vs. Laplacian pyramid
Basic intuiBon: a simple wavelet-like 2D transform
The 1D Haar wavelet transform
1D Haar wavelet transform as a matrix product
ReconstrucBng a 1D image from its wavelet coefs
Wavelet-based image compression
The 2D Haar wavelet transform

Wavelet Compression Algorithm #1

Wavelet Compression Algorithm #2

Topic 7:

Discrete Wavelet Transform
Wavelet transform vs. Laplacian pyramid
Basic intuiBon: a simple wavelet-like 2D transform
The 1D Haar wavelet transform
1D Haar wavelet transform as a matrix product
ReconstrucBng a 1D image from its wavelet coefs
Wavelet-based image compression
The 2D Haar wavelet transform

The 2D Haar Wavelet Transform

The 2D Haar Wavelet Transform

The 2-D Haar Wavelet Basis

DeniBon of the rst few (coarsest scale) wavelet coecients of an
image of dimensions of 2N x 2N

+

+
Image
Coef 3=
Coef
0 = Image
+


+ 1 = Image
+
Image
Coef 4=
Coef

+

Image

Coef 5=

Image

Coef 2 =

A Simple, Minimal 2-D Image Transform

The Haar 2-D Wavelet Transform

The 2-D Haar Wavelet Transform corresponds to a modicaBon of
this minimal recursive transform
Input image

Wavelet image
representation (2Nx2N)

(2Nx2N)

Average Image:

Step 1

every pixel A is the

average of pixels
1,2,3,4

Detail image

Detail image

Detail image

1 2
3 4

detail
coefficients

InverBbility of the 2D Haar Transform

We can recursively reconstruct the intensiBes of every 2x2 window
from its average and detail coecients
1

2
3 4

1 2
3 4

2x2 pixel average

d2

d3

d4

d2

d3

d4