Literally:

To leave, quit, abandon the thing left with a person who

is not its real owner for the purpose of safe keeping.
Technically:
Representation in keeping possession or respectable
private goods in a specific way.
Any belonging left by the owner or his representatives
with somebody to take care of them.
Al-Wadi'ah is the commission given by the depositor to the
depositary for holding his property in safe custody; al-
amanah and done on the basis of charity.

AL-QURAN

HADIS
Discharge the trust to the person who entrust it to you,
and do not betray the one who betrays you. (Sunan Abu
Dawud)
IJMA
The scholars from every single era of the Islamic eras had
came to a consensus on the permissibility of the Wadi'ah
contract since it is desired by the people in general to the
extent that it is actually an essential and vital contract for
the society



1. Al Muwaddi
Depositor, Owner of the property
2. Al Wadi
Depositee, Custodian of the property
3. Al-Wadi'ah
Property for safe keeping
4. Sighah
Offer (Ijab)
Acceptance (Qabul)
Al-Muwaddi
(Depositor, Owner
of the property)
Al-Wadi'ah
(Property for safe
keeping)
Al Wadi
(Depositee,
Custodian of the
property)
Ijab (Offer)
Qabul (Acceptance)
Conditions for Contracting Parties:
Al-muwaddi is the depositor or the owner of the property,
Al-wadi is the depositee or the custodian of the property,
Both parties must be person of sound mind and eligible to
do a contract (ahliyaah al ada`a capacity to exercise),
Both parties must be eligible to be a wakil (agent) and
trustee,
Al-wadi must ensure his capability to safe-keep the
deposit.

Conditions for Wadiah (Deposited Property):
It must be valuable from Shariah view point, must be
owned and deliverable,
It must be a form of property that can be possessed
physically.









NOTES:
Wadiah Yadd al-Amanah
Safe custody based on trust
Charitable and divinely rewarded
Wadiah Yadd al-Dhamanah
Guaranteed safe custody, is a combination of safekeeping
(Wadi'ah) and guarantee (dhaman).

WADIAH YADD
AL- AMANAH
WADIAH YADD
AL- DHAMANAH
Generally, wadiah is based on amanah (trust).
Important features of wadiah yadd al-amanah:
The custodian should keep the deposits as if he is keeping and taking care of his
own property,
The custodian should not responsible for any damage of the property so far it has
not resulted from his negligence,
The custodian is not entitled to any profits gained from the contract. Any
benefits accrued from the deposit belong to the owner,
The custodian should not utilize or take benefit of the deposit,
The custodian should not transfer the deposit in the hands of others without
permission of the depositor,
The custodian should not take the deposit in journey unless permission is given,
The custodian should return the deposit back to the owner upon request.


The Wadi'ah is based on guarantee whereby the custodian
guarantees the refund of the property kept with him and
ensures to refund the item upon request and it is used
widely in islamic banking system.
Important features of wadiah yadd al-dhamanah:
The custodian is entitled to use the deposited property
for trading or any purposes.
The custodian has a right to any income derived from
the utilization of the deposited item and liable for any
damages or loss
The custodian owns the profit and under his discretion to
give some portion of it as a gift (hibah) to the depositor.
The gift cannot be in the form of a pre-agreed
agreement.
The custodian must return the deposited property to the
owner at any time upon the request of the depositor.


Al-Wadi'ah: Act of Trust (amanah) or Act of Guarantee
(dhamanah)?
The jurists from different mazhabs had agreed that al
Wadi'ah is an act of good deed which is encouraged
(mandub), and there is reward (in the hereafter) for its
preservation.
Mandub- act in which whoever does it will be rewarded,
but if the person does not do it will not be punished for
not doing it
It is essentially an act which is based on pure
trust(amanah) and not a guarantee(dhamanah).
Besides the cases of ignorance, contract of Wadi'ah could be transformed from trust
(amanah) into guarantee (dhamanah) in the following cases if the depositee:

1. Ignores the protection and safe keeping of the deposited property
2. Deposits the property with somebody else, or not somebody who normally takes
care of the depositees property.
3. Benefits from the usage of the deposited property
4. Travels with the deposited property.
5. Refuses to return the deposited property to the depositor or withholds it even
though he/she is capable of returning it.
6. Mixes the deposited property with other properties, which could not be recognized
and distinguished from each others.


Responsibility of an Islamic Bank is considered as Yad Dhamanah when:
Bank imposes certain fee on the safe keeping of the items and provides a
special place for the safe custody of these items.
The bank will be held responsible for the replacement of these items in
cases of loss, damage or destroy even if these disaster occur unintentionally
or due to negligence.
Bank uses the cash money for business purposes. In this case, the bank is
obligated to fully return the al-Wadi'ah money that has been used back to
the owner, regardless of whether the bank had made any profit or even loss
from the business venture using the alWadi'ah money.
This means that any profit would be owned by the bank and they have the
right to give all or part of the proceeds back to the depositor based on their
discretion as a gift or token which are not promised earlier.
Al-Wadi'ah Current Account
Islamic Bank mobilizes customers deposits in Current Account
under the principles of Al-Wadiah Yad Dhamanah (guaranteed
custody).
It is based on the combination of contract of custody (al-Wadiah)
and guarantee (Yad Dhamanah).
Bank receives deposits from its customers who want to make a
safe custody of their funds and utilizing the services provided
under the scheme of a current account.
The bank then will ask permission to utilize their funds. However,
the customers may withdraw their saving any time they desire.
All the profit generated by the bank from the use of funds belongs
to the bank.
The bank provides cheque books and other services provided by
conventional bank to the current account.

Al-Wadi'ah Saving Account
Islamic Bank mobilizes customers deposits in Savings Account
under the principles of Al-Wadiah Yad Dhamanah (guaranteed
custody),
It is based on the combination of contract of custody (al-Wadiah)
and guarantee (dhamanah),
Bank accepts deposits from its customers who want to make a safe
custody of their fund,
Profit generated by the bank from the use of such funds belong to
the bank,
Bank may at his discretion reward the customer by returning a
portion of profits generated from the use of their funds from time
to time,
Bank provides its customers with saving passbook and other usual
services provided for saving accounts by the conventional banks.
ah).

CONVENTIONAL DIFFERENCES ISLAMIC
Loan contract CONTRACT Wadiah (safe keeping)
contract
Lender and borrower RELATIONSHIP Depositor and
depository (custodian)
Deposits are paid
interest
INCOME Deposits are not
entitled to any income
Conventional banks
must give their
depositors their
interest payments
OBLIGATION Islamic banks may give
the depositors a share
of profits at their
discretion (gift)
Deposits are liability
products of a bank
PRODUCTS Deposits are either a
trust or guarantee
products of a bank