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T
T + T
105
288.15 + 105
= mg
m 9.81 = 8023.727
m = 818kg
So this means the total mass of the balloon (including payload) can be 818 kilograms.
Exercise 10
Given that the molar mass of nitrogen gas is 28 grams per mole and knowing that the molar mass
of air is 28.97 grams per mole, we can compute that the lift of the nitrogen balloon is:
L = V g
1
28
28.97
= V g 0.0334829
This latter number should be equal to the
T
T+T
factor in the lift equation for a hot air balloons.
Solving this equation (using T = 288.15K) leads to a T of 9.982 degrees. Adding this to the 15
degrees Celsius room temperature gives a balloon temperature of 24.98 degrees Celsius.
2 Answers to Exercises Lecture 1 - Introduction & Ballooning
AE1110x - Introduction to Aeronautical Engineering
Exercise 11
Using the given air pressure and outside air temperature (which is 283.15 K), we compute the air
density to be:
=
p
RT
=
101325
287.00 283.15
= 1.24686kg/m
3
This gives us:
L = mg = V g
T
T + T
T
T + T
T
T + T
= 0.368
Using this ratio and T = 283.15 K, we nd T = 165K, so T + T = 175
C.
Exercise 12
In this case the volume of the balloon (which is a sphere with a radius of 7 metres and then
elongated by a factor 23/14 in length) is:
V =
4
3
R
3
23
14
=
4
3
7
3
23
14
= 2360m
3
This gives again
L = mg = V g
T
T + T
T
T + T
T
T + T
= 0.265
Using this ratio and T = 283.15 K, we nd T = 102K, so T + T = 112
C.
Exercise 13
Given the radius of the balloon, we can compute the volume of the balloon:
V =
4
3
R
3
=
4
3
0.16
3
= 0.01716m
3
Now the lift of one balloon is given by (using a molar mass of 4.003 g/mol for helium gas and
28.97 g/mol for air):
L = V g
1
M
gas
M
ai r
1
4.003
28.97
= 0.1777N
Given that we want to lift a 75 kilogram human (W = mg = 735.75N) we can compute we
need
#
bal l oons
=
735.75N
0.1777N
= 4141 4.1 10
3
We thus need roughly 4.1 10
3
balloons.
Answers to Exercises Lecture 1 - Introduction & Ballooning 3