1 Polynomial Functions

Algebra II Topic: Polynomial Functions

By: Justin, Elizabeth, Izzy, and Geoffrey

Definitions:
1) A polynomial function is an equation in two variables where all variables given are considered
real numbers. Polynomials are the sum of one or more monomials consisting of real coefficients
and non negative integer exponents. (Oregon) The right side of the equation consists of finite
number terms with non negative integer exponents on the variable x. On the left side of the
equation is function notation like f(x) or simply y. (Washington) The exponential function is
highest degree in value. This function is written with the variables arranged in descending order
of their power.

2) A polynomial function is an expression or equation constructed of variables on a linear plane.

3) A polynomial Function is a relationship between two or more independent variables, one
being x^z, and another being a, b, or c. Any curve can be solved with a polynomial function.

4)A polynomial is a monomial (an expression that is either a number, variable, or the product of
a number) or a sum of monomials, and each monomial is a term of the polynomial (Larson 1066,
1062).



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Skills Needed:
You see polynomials everywhere you just dont know it. These are not very complex they are
basically an expression or an equation. If you can work equations easily you are on the right
road. You should know how variables work in equations. You should know how to solve for
variables in equations and also substitute for the variable. Monomials, a big mathematical term
that most dont realize until they know what they are, are a very important part of polynomials
making every Term. Adding, Subtracting, Dividing, and Multiplying equations to find the
variable makes this much easier and is definitely helpful. The Quadratic Formula is necessary to
find x in hard situations.

Professions:
Animation and animators
Archaeologists
Astronomers
Biology
Cartographer/Cartography
Chemists
Economists
Engineers:
A. Aerospace engineers
B. Chemical engineers
C. Civil engineers
D. Electrical engineers
E. Environmental engineers
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F. Mechanical engineers
G. Industrial engineers
Meteorologists
Physicists
Polynomial functions in biology
Statisticians
Veterinarian




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Examples of How Professions use Polynomials:
1) A dog that weighs 45 pounds has a Urinary Tract Infection. He needs 7 mg/kg of
Trimethoprim Sulfa (an antibiotic). You would first have to divide the pounds by 2.2 to turn
them into kilos. That would give us the dogs weight which is 20.45kg. then we would have to
find how many mg the dog needs to have. The equation goes 7 mg/kg so xthen you
would work the ratio by multiplying 7 by 20.45 then dividing by one which leaves the number
the same. After that is done the equation goes xand that is how many mg the dog will
need of the antibiotic Trimethoprim Sulfa (Rottinghaus).


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2) A screenshot of how a polynomial is used to find height of an object fired into the air
from . Applications of Polynomials.


(Yokoyama, 323)
At the top there is a polynomial that Physicists use a lot of the time. Its located under
the small sentence at the top of the page. The equation shows how high an object goes with
height and velocity. This could be used to calculate how high a rocket might go. Along with
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that it also gives an example of how you could find the time that the item was in the air.

3) Bezier Curves
Bzier curves are used to outline movement in Adobe Flash and Synfig. The wanted path
is outlined using the equation . The
path of the animation is not the only thing affected by this equation. Things such as the
movement of different limbs can be affected by this function. Arms throwing an object is a good
example of how you would do this. You have to curve the arm forward, and then when the object
is released from the hand, it can either curve up then down, or go down. Without this function,
movement would not be able to be reached in an animation, making this a crucial equation in the
making of animated films and shows.
(Demidov)

4) Zernike Polynomials
Zernike polynomials are a sequence of polynomials that are orthogonal on the unit disk
(Zernike). They play an important role in beam optics. Gaussian Beam Optics
Odd:
Even:
M and N are non-negative numbers where N M
: Azimuth angle
Azimuth Angle: An example is the position of a star in the sky. The star is the point of interest,
the reference plane is the horizon or the surface of the sea, and the reference vector points north.
The azimuth is the angle between the north vector and the perpendicular projection of the star
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down onto the horizon.

(Zernike)

:

Within the restrictions:


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Work Cited
Demidov, Evgeny. "How to Teach "shark" to Swim." 3D Animated Models. Web. 23 Apr. 2013.
http://www.ibiblio.org/e-notes/VRML/Anim/Anim.html.
Demidov, Evgeny. "Bezier Spline Curves." 3D Animated Models. Web. 23 Apr. 2013.
http://www.ibiblio.org/e-notes/Splines/bezier.html.
Heal, Robert. Section_.. USU. Mar. .Web.
http://www.math.usu.edu/~rheal/online1050/Precalculus/Section_3.1.pdf
"Keyframe Animation." Lecture. Www.cc.gatech.edu. Georgia Tech. Web.
http://www.cc.gatech.edu/classes/AY2012/cs4496_spring/slides/Keyframe.pdf.
"Keyframe Animation." Lecture. Http://www.tcd.ie/. Trinity College Dublin. Web.
http://isg.cs.tcd.ie/cosulliv/IETAnimation/IET%20Keyframe%2011-12.pdf.
"Keyframing." Lecture. Stanford University. Web.
http://graphics.stanford.edu/courses/cs448-09-spring/keyframing.pdf.
Larson, Ron, Laurie Boswell, Timothy D. Kanold, Lee Stiff. Algebra 2. Evanston, IL: McDougal
Littell, 2001. Print.
Medical Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.."Medical Dictionary. Web. 15 Apr. 2013.
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Polynomial+function
Oregon State. "Polynomial Functions." Polynomial Functions. OSU. Web. 30 Apr. 2013.
http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/mth251/cq/FieldGuide/polynomial/lesson.html
Plant, Darrel. "The Math Behind the Bzier Curve." Bezier Curves: The Math. Moshofsky/Plant
Creative Services, 1996. Web. 26 Apr. 2013.
http://www.moshplant.com/direct-or/bezier/math.html.
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"Polynomials - Austin Community College - Start Here. Get There." - Polynomials.. Web. 13
Apr.
2013. http://www.austincc.edu/jthom/GraphsOfPolynomials.pdf
"Polynomial Function." Oregon State. Web. 11 Apr. 2013.
http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/mth251/cq/Glossary/gloss.poly.html.
"Polynomial function - definition of Polynomial function in the Medical dictionary - by the Free
Online
"polynomial function | planetmath.org."planetmath.org | Math for the people, by the people.
Web. 15
Apr. 2013. http://planetmath.org/polynomialfunction
Rottinghaus, Catherine. Personal Interview. 5 March. 2014.
Washington Mesa. "Graphs of Polynomials Functions. "Graphs of Polynomials Functions. Web.
17
Apr. 2013.

http://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut35_polyfun.ht
ml.
White, Ron. "What Are Some Careers for Using Polynomials?" Work.Web. 14 Mar. 2014.
http://work.chron.com/careers-using-polynomials-26410.html
Yokoyama, Kevin. "Applications of Polynomials." Web. 7 Mar. 2014.
http://msemac.redwoods.edu/~kyokoyama/math106/Math380pdf/sect5-3.pdf
"Zernike Polynomials." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 18 Mar. 2014. Web. 19 Mar.
2014.
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