Free governing mode of operation presentation is based on new IE rules in a regulatory frame work. the rate of frequency and load variations to be controlled are dealt in detail. the differences between RGMO and FGMO is clearly explained. the grid code to be adopted by all central generating stations is quoted as and when required for ready reference.
Free governing mode of operation presentation is based on new IE rules in a regulatory frame work. the rate of frequency and load variations to be controlled are dealt in detail. the differences between RGMO and FGMO is clearly explained. the grid code to be adopted by all central generating stations is quoted as and when required for ready reference.
Free governing mode of operation presentation is based on new IE rules in a regulatory frame work. the rate of frequency and load variations to be controlled are dealt in detail. the differences between RGMO and FGMO is clearly explained. the grid code to be adopted by all central generating stations is quoted as and when required for ready reference.
Free Governing Mode of Operation (FGMO) FGMO - BACKGROUND Unique frequency band of 49.0 Hz to 50.5 Hz, as specified by IEGC Scheduling & dispatch by RLDCs/SLDCs is based on day ahead demand & availability Frequency control by load-generation balance in every 15 mins time block and Wide frequency variation during Grid disturbance, Unit outage, Change in demand, etc. Emergencies caused due to frequency control only through importing /cutting load by system operator
FGMO - GRID CODES All generating units should have their speed governors in normal operation at all times to enable Grid frequency control by loading / unloading Droop characteristic for primary response should be within 3% to 6% Each unit shall be capable of instantaneously picking up at least 5% extra load for a minimum of 5 mins (up to 105%MCR), during fall in frequency No dead bands and/or time delays shall be deliberately introduced Facilities like load limiters, CMC, etc. shall not be used to suppress the normal governor action FGMO SMOOTHEN THE WIDE FREQUENCY FLUCTUATION
FREQUENCY COMPARISION 48.0 48.5 49.0 49.5 50.0 50.5 51.0 51.5 52.0 0:00 2:24 4:48 7:12 9:36 12:00 14:24 16:48 19:12 21:36 0:00 TIME F R E Q U E N C Y 26/1/04 26/1/03 Source:ERLDC Website PRE ABT REGIME WITHOUT FGMO POST ABT REGIME WITH FGMO MAJOR ISSUES WITH FGMO IN 2004
Perpetual oscillations in critical parameters
M/C subjected to cyclic loading and fatigue stresses
Frequent HP/LP Bypass valve operation
Continuous manual interventions
Self-defeating feature (Unloading when freq. improving towards 50 Hz)
What is RGMO ? Frequency profiles of power system in India has improved significantly after implementation of ABT and the same is now generally remains with in 49 to 50.5 Hz against pre ABT levels of 47.5 to 52.5 Hz.
The response of Governors as a first line frequency control mechanism is practiced internationally. How ever the frequency variations will normally be +/-0.1% to 0.2% in those countries.
Hence for our country CEA has proposed a moderated from of FGMO(RGMO) CERC Order Honble CERC,vide order dated 20.08.09 has issued directions for implementing the RGMO,relevant extracts of which are furnished here below. Quote: 39.In the present scenario of deficit, it is not desirable to have any frequency response from generators by reducing generation when frequency is rising towards 50 Hz from a lower level. Reduction of generation would be necessary when frequency is already above 50 Hz and tends to rise further. Therefore suitable control logic would have to be developed to limit the governor response to situations when frequency is rising and grid frequency is below 50 Hz. Such a situation could be called a restricted governor mode of operation and not total FGMO. How ever this does not exempt the generators from getting the free governor mode in to operational state for use when required. Salient features of the CERC Order Load change is proposed to be limited to +/-5% of MCR in the frequency range of 49 Hz & 50.5 Hz and sustained for about 5 minutes before ramping back to original load automatically.
Small changes up to +/- 0.03Hz are ignored for load corrections.
For frequency below 49 Hz and above 50.5 Hz,5% droop of the governor would be effective with load change limited to +5% of MCR for frequency below 49 Hz and -10% of MCR above 50.5 Hz.
Chronology of Events Sl No. Date Event 1 20.08.2009 CERC has given an Order dated 20.08.2009 for implementation of RGMO 2 01.03.2010 Scheduled date for putting the new scheme in to service for Thermal Sets 200 MW and above for Software based EHG Control System. 3 01.06.2010 Scheduled date for putting the new scheme in to service for Thermal Sets 200 MW and above for Hardware based EHG Control System 4 16.02.2010 Scheduled trail implementation of RGMO in Eastern Region OS Recommendations on RGMO For machines with Hydraulic Governing, the Control logic for restricted governor mode of operation will be as follows 1. If frequency < 50 Hz, any decrease in frequency will result in increase in generation by Governor action as per droop(4-5%) 2. If the frequency < 50 Hz, any increase in frequency up to 50 Hz will result in no action. 3. If frequency > 50 Hz, any increase in frequency will be reset by a slow automatic resetting command to ramp back to MW set point @ 1% per minute. 4. A dead time of 5 to 15 minutes (Variable setting) will be provided before the next governor action is allowed. 5. The quantum of load change may be restricted to +/-5% from the original level. NTPC Kaniha comments and action plan given to OS Sl No IOM Ref No OS/CC/FGMO/09 For Machines with EHG Control Logic for Restricted mode of Operation COMMENT
i) If frequency < 50 Hz, any decrease in frequency will result in increase in Generation by Governor Action as per droop (4%-5%) This is possible to be implemented with 5% droop. In fact this is available in the existing logic of FGMO with a droop of 10%. ii) If frequency < 50 Hz, any increase in frequency up to 50Hz will result in NO Action. This Logic modification is possible. To be implemented. iii) If frequency >50 Hz, any increase in frequency will result in decrease in Generation by Governor Action as per droop (4%-5%) This is possible to be implemented with 5% droop. In fact this is available in the existing logic of FGMO with a droop of 10%. iv) The increased / decreased generation will be reset by a slow automatic resetting command to ramp back to MW set point @ 1% per minute. This is possible to be implemented. v) A dead time of 5 to 15 minutes (variable setting) will be provided before the next governor action is allowed. It is not in line with CERC order. NTPC Kaniha comments and action plan given to OS Sl No IOM Ref No OS/CC/FGMO/09 For Machines with EHG Control Logic for Restricted mode of Operation COMMENT
vi) IMPLEMENTAION SCHEDULE: The implementation of the suggested logic vide IOM OS/CC/FGMO/09 will be implemented after getting approval from CC-OS/Engg. However, it can be carried out during Opportunity Shutdown / Overhauling.
ii) TSTPS_Stage-I Units (2X500 MW) In stage-I, the TG sets are of ABB make and Electro Hydraulic Governing is also of ABB make. The existing scheme is enclosed. Since the CERC order specifies only for KWU & LMZ turbines, applicability of the same for ABB turbine may be clarified. If applicable, the same scheme can be implemented after consultation with OEM (M/S ABB, Germany). Approval from Engg./ OS NTPC Ltd. Talcher Supper Thermal Power Project. INTER OFFICE MEMO From: DGM(O&M/C&I) To:1.AGM(OS/C&I) 2. HOD( PE/C&I) EOC, NOIDA Ref: 9501/O&M/C&I/ CC: 1.ED (TK): for kind inf. pl. 2. GM (O&M): for kind inf. pl. 3. AGM (M): for kind inf. pl. Date: 13-11-2009. Sub: Implementation of restricted governing mode of operation; draft logic proposal for approval reg. With reference to above subject and IOM: OS/CC/FGMO/09 dated: Sept-10-2009, please find enclosed the modified logic for implementing restricted governing mode of operation. Approval from OS / Engineering is sought for the proposed scheme to enable us to implement the same at our site as per the schedule. For point no IV and V we have faced difficulty in proposing the scheme, this may be taken care while finalizing the logic. Since our system falls under the category of Software based EHG system we need to implement the same after taking all necessary approvals before 31/03/2010. This also needs unit shutdown for implementation. Early finalization and approval will enable us to implement the same with in schedule. Y.M.Basavaraju -500 -475 -450 -425 -400 -375 -350 -325 -300 -275 -250 -225 -200 -175 -150 -125 -100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 49.65 50 50.55 51.1 51.65 52.2 Frequency In Hz L o a d
I n c / D e c
i n
M W 5 % Droop 50.15 Frequency dead band will be off automatically if: 1) Frequency Deviation is +/-1Hz. 2) Rate of Change of Frequency is greater than 25 rpm/sec There is no Hydraulic Governor in Main Turbine.The Droop characteristics implemented in EHC. 49.85 52.65 49.725 Existing Scheme in Talcher KanihaStage-I(2X500MW) Modified scheme in Talcher Kaniha Stage-I (2X500MW) FKG 0% = 0% 81.739% (2820rpm) = 0% 86.956% (3000rpm) = 50% 92.173% (3180rpm) = 100% Speed Signal in 0-100% Range (0 3450 rpm) SWI P001=10% E P002=112 s ABG TY2=0 s OG =58.33 %( 50.5Hz) UG =33.33% (49 Hz) Tracking @0.02Hz/Minute Scaling the frequency from 47.0 Hz to 53 Hz. SMU
+
K=1 - BEG OG = 50.5 % UG = 49.5%
MOK K 2 Seconds
BEG OG = 58.33 % UG = 38.33%
ODR ODR If frequency is between 50.03 Hz to 49.97Hz, then O/P follows I/P. When Load mode is ON, then O/P will be made equal to I/P by a 2 second pulse. Load Mode on Shot 1 if f>50.03Hz 1 if f<49.97Hz Finds the difference between Tracking frequency O/P and the actual frequency. UMS
MAX
FIX 0% MIN
FIX 0% Ensuring that if frequency > 50.03 Hz only unloading is allowed. Ensuring that if frequency < 49.97 Hz only loading is allowed. BEG
OG= +0.49% UG= -0.49% SMU + P006 =0.122 - SMU
P003=16.66
BEG
OG= +5% UG= -10% Droop = 6%=2.77MW/RPM P006 = 0.12 P003 = 16.66 Range converted from 47-53Hz to 0-50 Hz
New Delta Frequency Switching between New Scheme & Old scheme SWI E1 GRD=100% TY1=P005= 3 Min ABG OG = + 100 % UG = - 100% UMS
UMS
TBT
R Q
S UND
Switching between old scheme and new scheme depending on the grid frequency If Freq > 50.5Hz, SWI output is old f will be Final output. GOG
P007 = G = 2% HYS = 0.5% ABS Delta frequency from old scheme New Delta Frequency Frequency If Freq > 50.5 Hz old delta Freq will come into service. If Freq < 50.5 Hz, difference between old scheme O/P & new scheme O/P is 10 MW (2%) then only new f will be direct O/P. Otherwise integrated output. Modified scheme in Talcher Kaniha Stage-I (2X500MW) -500 -475 -450 -425 -400 -375 -350 -325 -300 -275 -250 -225 -200 -175 -150 -125 -100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 49.65 50 50.55 51.1 51.65 52.2 Frequency In Hz L o a d
I n c / D e c
i n
M W 6 % Droop 50.15 Frequency dead band will be off automatically if: 1) Frequency Deviation is +/-1Hz. 2) Rate of Change of Frequency is greater than 25 rpm/sec There is no Hydraulic Governor in Main Turbine.The Droop characteristics implemented in EHC. 49.8 52.65 49.725 Dynamic Correction between 49 to 50.5 Hz -525.00 -500.00 -475.00 -450.00 -425.00 -400.00 -375.00 -350.00 -325.00 -300.00 -275.00 -250.00 -225.00 -200.00 -175.00 -150.00 -125.00 -100.00 -75.00 -50.00 -25.00 0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 49.4 49.55 49.7 49.85 50 50.15 50.3 50.45 50.6 50.75 50.9 51.05 51.2 51.35 51.5 51.65 51.8 51.95 52.1 52.25 52.4 Frequency in Hz L o a d
I n c r e a s e / D e c r e a s e
i n
M W 49.65 52.50 Machine Droop 5% Existing Scheme in Talcher Kaniha,Stage-II (4X500MW) Dynamic Correction between 49 to 50.5 Hz Modified scheme in Talcher Kaniha Stage-II (4X500MW) ACTUAL SPEED F(X) 47-53 HZ TRACKING RAMP GEN TRACKING RATE 0.02 HZ/MIN LIMITER 49 -50.5HZ LIMITER 49 50.5 HZ - + FREQ DEVIATION SWITCHING F(X) FREQ <49 HZ OR >50.5 HZ FREQ <49 HZ OR>50.5 HZ DROOP @ 5% FREQ FILTER +/- .03 HZ LOQD LIMIT +/- 25 MW FOR 49<F>50.5 +25 MW TO -50MW FOR F<49,50.5> FREQ ON /OFF LOAD SET POINT P RTD
+ + SUM OF PR PR MAX LOAD CONTR OLLER SELECT 0 LOAD<350 MW DYNAMIC FREQUENCY ERROR
M A X 0 %
S E L E C T FREQ < 50HZ ACTUAL LOAD LOAD CONTOLLER OUTPUT MIN FREQ ERR STATIC
Difference between Old scheme & new scheme Sl No. Old FGMO Scheme New RGMO Scheme 1 Machine is unloaded when the frequency raises from a lower value to 50 Hz. This point is taken care in the RGMO scheme. No unloading will be there when frequency raises to 50 Hz. 2 Stage-I: Frequency dead band is 0.15 Hz. A Permanent filter of 0.05 Hz will always be effective. Stage-II: A Permanent filter of 0.03Hz will always be effective. Frequency dead band is 0.03 Hz. Frequency dead band is narrowed down to 0.03Hz. A Permanent filter of 0.03Hz will always be effective. 3 Load correction will be there irrespective of the frequency raise/fall once the frequency dead band limits are crossed. Correction depends on the frequency error between tracking frequency and actual frequency. If frequency raises/falls at a slower rate of 0.02Hz/Minute i.e 1.2 rpm/Minute then there will not be any load correction irrespective of the frequency (Between 49 Hz to 50.5Hz) New RGMO Scheme ( Stage-I Vs Stage-II) Sl No. Stage-I RGMO Scheme Stage-II RGMO Scheme 1 There is no provision to switch off/on the frequency influence. It is always effective. There is a provision to switch on/off the frequency influence scheme by the Desk/C&I Shift Engineer. 2 For frequencies above 50.5 Hz, old scheme will come in to service which unloads the machine at a droop of 6%. For frequencies above 50.8 Hz, machine droop will come in to service. Between 49Hz & 50.8Hz the unloading will be limited to the technical minimum of 350 MW. Between 49 Hz to 50.5 Hz loading/unloading will be limited to +/-25 MW. For frequencies < 49 Hz & > 50.5 Hz loading/unloading will be limited to +50 MW & -25 MW respectively.
Implementation of the new scheme Earlier FGMO modifications were done in Turbotrol 52 R3 processor. If any correction is to be done in the scheme, this processor is to be removed which often becomes risky. In Stage-I Turbotrol Panel one new 70PR03 Processor was installed. It takes the actual speed signal from the local bus and after executing the new RGMO Logic, it will give the frequency influence correction as another bus signal to TT52 Processor. This approach facilitates easy modification of the scheme in future. Similar RGMO program was implemented in a Drive control module card (83SR05) in the PROCONTROL 14 System and the output was given in POS Operator station for parallel observation. Thank you
Load Set Point Memorized UMS
Gen Load delayed MW controller ON UMS
Unit SP Turbine CMC ON UMS
Pressure controller POS Initial Pressure Controller ON MUL
LS Pressure SP Delayed MIN
Fast Unload in action SUM
Thermal Forced Unload Load SEL Corrected Turbine Speed Droop Droop=( Speed at no load Speed at full load) x 100% (Rated Speed) =(3150-3000)/3000 x 100% =5%