Pipe Stress Analysis using Ansys

APDL
Command Method

Sample 3d Model Considered

Piping Line Diagram
Piping Inputs
Unit System: British (Inch)
Piping Analysis Standard: ANSI B31.1
Young Modulus: 30e6
Thermal Expansion: 8e-6
Density: 0.283
Pipe Dimension: 8 inch standard
Drag= 0.2 psi in Z direction at any height (Y)
Temperature= 200 deg.
Internal Pressure: 1000 psi
Spring stiffness: 1e4

Explanation of The piping Diagram
As can be seen from the figure the piping diagram
shows a bend supported with spring hangers, a
metered bend and a T Connector finally leading to
two branches. Student need to know what is a
metered bend and its significance
What can Ansys Do
Creates a line model of a piping network using straight pipe (PIPE16) and
curved pipe (PIPE18) elements. Node and element geometry is defined in
terms of incremental run lengths and bend radii, rather than in terms of
absolute coordinates.
Automatically calculates tangency points for bends.
Relates standard piping designations (such as nominal diameter and
schedule) to geometric values.
Assigns pipe specifications to element real constants.
Calculates and assigns flexibility and stress intensification factors based on
the pressures and the temperatures specified in the pipe module before
the creation of the piping elements as appropriate for each element type.
The flexibility factors will not be changed automatically if the pipe
pressures or temperatures are subsequently revised.
Determines drag pressure loads from a pressure vs. height relationship

Boundary Conditions
Restrains fixed arresting the 6DOF
at 3 places- This can be places
which runs to the equipment as
well- in such cases we might have
reaction forces in some DOF
hence this point to be considered.
You have provisions to assign all
type of pipe supports like hangers
which cpould be assigned in
addition to all pipe connections.
You can apply temperature and
operating pressure as loads which
are infact the loading for any
piping flexibility. In addition
insulation, corr allowance etc are
further options
Procedure
/FILNAM,SAMPLE
/TITLE,SAMPLE PIPING INPUT
/UNITS,BIN ! A reminder that consistent units are British
inches !
/PREP7 !
Define material properties for pipe elements MP,EX,1,30e6
MP,ALPX,1,8e-6 MP,DENS,1,.283 PUNIT,1 !
Units will be read as ft+in+fraction and converted to !
decimal inches
PSPEC,1,8,STD ! 8-inch standard pipe
POPT,B31.1 ! Piping analysis standard: ANSI B31.1
PTEMP,200 ! Temperature = 200 deg
Procedure Contd..
PPRES,1000 ! Internal pressure = 1000 psi
PDRAG,,,-.2 ! Drag = 0.2 psi in -Z direction at any
height (Y)
BRANCH,1,0+12,0+12 ! Start first pipe run at
(12",12",0")
RUN,,7+4 ! Run 7'-4" in +Y direction
RUN,9+5+1/2 ! Run 9'-5 1/2" in +X direction
RUN,,,-8+4 ! Run 8'-4" in -Z direction
RUN,,8+4 ! Run 8'-4" in +Y direction
/PNUM,NODE,1
/VIEW,1,1,2,3

Procedure Contd..
EPLOT ! Identify node number at which 2nd run starts
BRANCH,4 ! Start second pipe run at node 4
RUN,6+2+1/2 ! Run 6'-2 1/2" in +X direction
TEE,4,WT ! Insert a tee at node 4
/PNUM,DEFA
/PNUM,ELEM,1
EPLOT ! Identify element numbers for bend and miter
inserts
BEND,1,2,SR ! Insert a "short-radius" bend between
elements 1 and 2
MITER,2,3,LR,2 ! Insert a two-piece miter between
elements 2 and 3 /PNUM,DEFA

Procedure Contd..
/PNUM,NODE,1 ! Zoom in on miter bend to identify nodes for
spring hangers
/ZOOM, 1, 242.93 , 206.62 , -39.059 , 26.866
PSPRNG,14,TRAN,1e4,,0+12 ! Insert Y-direction spring at node 14
PSPRNG,16,TRAN,1e4,,0+12 ! Insert Y-direction spring at node 16 !
List and display interpreted input data
/AUTO
/PNUM,DEFA
EPLOT
NLIST
ELIST
SFELIST
BFELIST

E List Command Results
Element List, PIPE16 and PIPE18 elements
were used (Infer the table)

Node List Command
Load Listing- Pressure
Load Listing- Temperature
Post Processing- Displacement
Displacement
Displacement Contd.
Look into the maxm nodal diplacement value( check the local/global direction) if this
exceeds the limit alter the length, bend radius etc and recheck it
Post Processing- Stress Intensity
Factors(SIF)
SIF Contd..
SIF Is very important in piping
design and flexibility analysis.
The SIF has to go along with
ASME 31.1. The analysis shows a
SIF Value of 3.465 @ Element 11
which correspond to node 14 and
15. Identify this and compare
with code compliance, this might
be a bend, a T or some thing else.
Please read ASME SIF 31.1
Along.
Post Processing- Bending Stress
Bending Stress Contd..
This has to be compared with
31.1 for code compliance. For
this we will have to go for code
compliance on each element.