Academic Primary Learning Target: Adding and subtracting fractions with unlike denominators
NYS Common Core Standards:
5.NFA.1 Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions; Add and subtract fractions with unlike denominators (including mixed numbers) by replacing given fractions with equivalent fractions n such a way as to produce an equivalent sum or difference of fractions with like denominators.
Behavioral Objectives: After reviewing of using a number line, listing multiples, and Venn diagram strategies to find least common multiple, student will show proficiency in using these strategies to find LCM with 80% accuracy when presented with 5-problem sets.
Lesson Objective: As part 1 of a two-lesson series of adding and subtracting fractions with unlike denominators, students will learn how to find the least common multiple of two to three 1-2 digit integers to use as common denominator for two fractions.
Materials: - Computers - Internet access: o Khan Academy lesson on least common multiple: http://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-sixth-grade-math/cc-6th- factors-and-multiples/cc-6th-lcm/v/least-common-multiple--lcm
o Interactive numbers chart: www.abcya.com/interactive_100_number_chart.htm
o Fruit Shoot, LCM Game: http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/mathgames/fractions/LeastCom monMultiple.htm
o Snowball LCM Game: http://www.fun4thebrain.com/beyondfacts/lcmsnowball.html
Academic Language: Fraction, Least common multiple, denominator, numerator
Freeport Tutoring: Math Lesson 1; March 11, 2014
Procedure: Teacher will assess prior knowledge through the use of independent practice problems. Students will watch Khan Academy instructional video on LCM, review Venn diagram and listing multiples with teacher and peers through modeling. Students will use interactive number chart and whiteboards to complete guided practice problems. For independent practice, students will revisit initial activating prior knowledge problems. Teacher will use this as assessment of learned knowledge. Students will use remaining time to play online games relating to LCM. Students will engage with online game about LCM for independent practice.
Activating Prior Knowledge: (10 Minutes) Teacher will briefly discuss the need for LCM when adding and subtracting fractions when they have unlike denominators. Students will be asked to complete 5 LCM problems to help formulate questions and misconceptions they have about the task prior to beginning the lesson. Students will watch a Khan Academy video on finding the Least Common Multiple. To promote individual perspectives and backgrounds, students will have the opportunity during activating prior knowledge to express their own experience with finding LCM and how they have used it in their own life. Teacher will include examples of how she has used fractions and LCM in the real world.
Modeling: (5 Minutes) Teacher will provide a double-sided white board organizer a blank Venn diagram on each side to each student. Teacher will model this strategys use, thinking aloud to demonstrate their appropriate use. Teacher will also introduce students to an interactive online number chart. Teacher will demonstrate its use by completing a problem. Teacher will demonstrate how to find LCM using two strategies as demonstrated through graphic organizer and interactive resource; using a Venn diagram/prime factorization and interactive number chart. Teacher will think aloud to demonstrate process.
Guided Practice: (5 Minutes) Teacher will provide practice problems for the students to complete collaboratively. Students may choose either the interactive number-chart or venn diagram strategy to solve the problems. Teacher will be available to students to provide guidance and feedback.
Independent Practice: (10 Minutes) Students will complete post-learning assessment, similar to the initial 5 problems completed during the activating prior knowledge. Students will have the two resources (Venn diagram white board and interactive number line) available to utilize to solve these problems. Freeport Tutoring: Math Lesson 1; March 11, 2014
Assessment: Teacher will gauge students ability to find LCM of two to three 2-digit integers using either the interactive number line or venn diagram strategies.
Post Assessment Activity: Students will have choice of online game that requires them to solve LCM problems in a multi-choice format. Those with advanced understanding will play Fruit Shoot and those with a developing understanding will play Snowball Fight.
UDL Elements:
Multiple means of representation:
2.5: Illustrate through multiple media: LCM Strategies will be presented via videos as well as through printed worksheets provided during teacher demonstration.
3.2 Highlight patterns, critical features, big ideas, and relationships: Teacher will provide white board organizers (Venn Diagram and Number Chart) and online resources (Interactive number chart) for students to use to solve the problems.
Multiple means of Engagement:
7.1 Optimize Individual Choice and autonomy: Students have the option of two strategies (interactive number chart and venn diagram white board) to use to solve problems including interactive technology.
9.2 Facilitate personal coping skills and strategies: Students will have scaffolded assistance to complete problems; teacher modeling, videos, interactive resources (online number chart), tangible resources (Venn diagram graphic organizer), and independent practice. Students will work with other peers to solve problems and have the opportunity to take notes and ask questions during teacher demonstration.
Multiple means of Expression:
4.2 Optimize access to tools and assistive technologies: While working on guided and independent practice, students will have access to double sided white board as well as online technologies to use as resources.
6.3 Facilitate managing information and resources: Students will be given organizers (double sided white board) to help organize information and guide thinking. Students will also have the opportunity to use interactive resources to guide problem solving.