Electrical Network: Selectivity and Protection Plan

ABOC/ATC days

Jos Carlos GASCON

TSEL Group
22 January 2007

Summary

Introduction Selectivity CERN HV electrical 29th July 2006 Selectivity at CERN Project Planning

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

Introduction

Protection system in the electrical network

Switchgear: in charge of clearing faults Sensors: providing measurements to detect faults Protective relays: processing measurements and ordering to clear faults

Source
Switchgear Order Measurement Protective relay
22 January 2007

Sensor

Protected area
Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

Introduction

Why protection system is needed

Personnel safety against electrical hazards Avoid equipment stress: thermal, electrical and mechanical damages Assure network stability Clear electrical faults and maintain service continuity

Features of protection system

Fast Reliable Selective

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

Selectivity
Definition

Discrimination between protection systems, isolating a faulty area of the electrical network as quickly as possible and leaving all the fault-free areas energized

How to do

Time based discrimination Current based discrimination Logic discrimination Directional protection discrimination Differential protection discrimination Combined

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

Selectivity
Parameters

The complexity and size of the electrical network Network architecture Existing sources and their response in the event of a fault Operating time of each protection system Backup time Compromise continuity of service vs. degree of protection

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

Selectivity: examples
Radial distribution Loop distribution (ex.: SPS)
! !! !

!!

! ! !

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

CERN HV Electrical Network

Complexity

Voltage levels: 400kV, 130kV, 66kV, 20kV, 18kV and 3,3kV 94 HV substations: 38 LHC, 26 SPS and 30 Meyrin 4 sources: EDF (400kV & 20kV), EOS and Diesel Generators 3 different interconnected networks by site:
o o o

LHC: Machine, General Services and Safety (Assured) SPS: Pulsed, Stable and Safety (Assured) Meyrin: Pulsed, General Services and Safety (Assured)

Sites interconnected by 18kV links Power flow direction depending on the configuration About 1,000 protective relays and switchgears Compensators and harmonic filters Diversity of loads: pumps, converters, dipoles, transformers, compressors
ATC/ABOC Days
22 January 2007

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

CERN HV Electrical Network

Protection system

Switchgears from all ages: specific clearing time for each generation Different technologies in protective relays
40% digital, 40% electronics and 20% electromechanical

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

29th July 2006 (I)

EDF- 400 kV
T5
400/66 kV 110 MVA

1st fault events

1 ph. fault detected in neutral reactance 3 ph. detected by all prot. but blocked Protections trip 66kV and 130kV sources

SEH9 66kV
EHD27 EHD21

EHT7/E9
66/18 kV 70 MVA
201 200

BE9 18kV
412

EHT102/1E
66/18kV 70MVA

ASS HALL

N.A. LOOP

SPS LOOP

LHC LOOP
901 900

! !
701 800 801

SEM12 18kV

802

Earthing transformer

MEYRIN SITE ....

209

ME9 18kV

114

311

104

204

210

304

ME10 18kV

EHT612/1E
130/18 kV 60 MVA

EOS - 130 kV

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

29th July 2006 (II)

EDF- 400 kV
T5
400/66 kV 110 MVA

2nd fault after autotransfer system

3 ph. detected by all prot. but blocked Protection trips at 66kV source

SEH9 66kV
EHD27 EHD21

EHT7/E9
66/18 kV 70 MVA

201

200

BE9 18kV
412

!
ASS HALL N.A. LOOP SPS LOOP

EHT102/1E
66/18kV 70MVA

LHC LOOP
901

900

!
701

800

801

SEM12 18kV

802

Earthing transformer

MEYRIN SITE ....

209

ME9 18kV

114

311

104

204

210

304

ME10 18kV

EHT612/1E
130/18 kV 60 MVA

EOS - 130 kV

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

29th July 2006: consequences

Power cuts

LHC General Services SPS Stable loop North Area Stable loop Meyrin site: West Area and PS, ISOLDE and Administrative loops

After analyse of the event

Difficult selectivity between 66kV and 18kV levels Backup time not adapted for this scenario If selectivity, power cut reduced to the Meyrin site and lower reestablishment time

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

29th July 2006: selective

EDF- 400 kV
T5
400/66 kV 110 MVA

SEH9 66kV
EHD27 EHD21

EHT7/E9
66/18 kV 70 MVA
201 200

BE9 18kV
412

EHT102/1E
66/18kV 70MVA

ASS HALL

N.A. LOOP

SPS LOOP

LHC LOOP
901 900

!
701

!
800 801

SEM12 18kV

802

Earthing transformer

MEYRIN SITE ....

209

ME9 18kV

114

311

104

204

210

304

ME10 18kV

EHT612/1E
130/18 kV 60 MVA

EOS - 130 kV

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

Selectivity at CERN

Implemented selectivity

400kV backup agreed with EDF LHC General Services and Machine SPS pulsed and stable loops PS, ISOLDE and Administrative loops

Non-selective areas (tripping 66 kV)

Autotransfert system (BE9, SEM12 and ME9 substations) West Area North Area LHC-1 and LHC-5 (in project)
ATC/ABOC Days
22 January 2007

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

Planning (I)

Activities in progress

Catalogue of protective relays: 60% completed Short circuit calculations: under approval

Selectivity Phase 1 (April 2007)

Selectivity study for the non-selective areas Data base for all protective relays installed Provisional solution for the non-selective areas

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

Planning (II)

Selectivity Phase 2 (January 2008)

Definitive solution for non-selective areas Complete selectivity map for main substations and configurations Implementation Commissioning

Selectivity Phase 3 (in the course of 2008)

Selectivity map for the whole CERN HV network Transient simulations for main substations (BE, BE9, ME10, ME9, SEM12)

Prepared by Jos Jos Carlos GASCON

ATC/ABOC Days

22 January 2007

Electrical Network: Selectivity and Protection Plan Questions?

ABOC/ATC days

Jos Carlos GASCON

TSEL Group
22 January 2007