3.1.

Cc k thut iu ch PWM cho b nghch lu ngun p ba pha Phn ln ng dng ca b bin i iu ch rng xung ngun p ba pha (VS PWM) nh truyn ng ng c xoay chiu, lc tch cc , b bin i AC/DC nng lng cao, h thng ngun d phng UPS... c cu trc gm mt vng phn hi dng in bn trong. Hiu sut ca h bin i ph thuc vo cht lng ca b iu khin ng. Do , b iu khin dng in s dng b bin i PWM l mt trong nhng thnh phn quan trng nht ca in t cng sut hin i. Trong so snh vi b bin i PWM vng p h thng thng, b bin i PWM iu khin dng in c nhng u im sau: iu khin nhanh, chnh xc cao Bo v qu dng Bo v qu ti p ng ng tt B tn tht do nh hng thng s ti ( in tr, in khng ) B tn tht in p van bn dn v thi gian cht ca b bin i

Hnh 3.1 S khi iu khin ng c AFPM

Hnh 3.2 S c bn b iu khin dng in T tng chung ca phng php iu khin dng in iu ch rng xung l iu khin dng trong cc pha bm theo cc dng quy chiu c. Bng cch so snh dng in quy chiu i*A(i*B, i*C) v dng tc thi iA(iB, iC) trong ba pha. B iu khin dng s to ra cc trng thi chuyn mch SA(SB, SC) cho thit b bin i nng lng c th

lm gim dng sai lch A(B, C). K t y, nhn chung b iu khin dng c hai nhim v chnh: B sai lch (gim A, B, C ) v iu ch (xc nh trng thi chuyn mch SA, SB, SC). Ngy nay, phng php iu khin dng PWM khng ngng pht trin. Hin nay, c rt nhiu phng php iu ch rng xung tiu biu nh: iu khin so snh vi xung tam gic ( The ramp comparison current controller) iu khin dng kiu tr (Hysteresis Band Current Control) Sinusoidal PWM iu ch vector khng gian Mi phng php u c nhng u im v nhc im nht nh. Phng php iu khin dng kiu tr c xem nh k thut n gin nht c s dng iu khin dng in ng c xoay chiu. Mt khc, phng php iu khin so snh vi xung tam gic c mt vi hu ch, v d nh hn ch tn s ng ct ca bin tn, dng in u ra p... Trong n ny, chng ta s i su nghin cu hai phng php ny v s kt hp lai gia chng. 3.2. Phng php iu khin dng kiu tr

Trong phng php iu khin vector, dng in iu khin c nh hng trc tip n hot ng ca ng c nn b iu khin c yu cu thit k c bit. Yu cu c bn t b iu khin dng in l sng hi thp,t nhiu v p ng nhanh to ra hiu sut cao. Php ton logic cc van ca b bin i c trnh by trong bng 3.3. C 8 b hn hp kha chuyn mch trong 6 kha ca bin tn. Vector in p tng ng vi cc trng thi c miu t hnh 3.4 trng thi t V1 -> V6 tng ng vi vector in p hot ng, cn li V0 v V7 tng ng vi vector in p 0. Trong b iu khin dng kiu tr trong Hnh 3.5, dng ti Ia, Ib v Ic c iu khin theo cc dng quy chiu Iaref, Ibref, Icref

Th t Pha 1 trng thi V0 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Th1 Th4

Pha 2 Th3 Th6

Pha 3 Th5 Th2

Ch hot ng

0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

Freewheeling Active Active Active Active Active Active Freewheeling

Bng 3.3 Bng trng thi Logic cc van b bin i

Hnh 3.4 Cc vector trng thi ca ng c

Hnh 3.5 S b iu khin dng kiu t tr Gii hn trn v gii hn di ca bng tr c t cho dng in ca ng c, v php iu khin logic ca phng php iu khin kiu tr c th c miu t theo nhng cu lnh sau: Rule A: For Iaref> 0: Th4 = 0,th1=1

IfIa>Iaref + IThen Th1 = 0,th4=1 Else if Ia < Iaref - IThen Th1 = 1, Else no change. Rule A: For Iaref< 0: Th1 = 0, IfIa> Iaref + IThen Th4 = 1, Else if Ia < Iaref- IThen Th4 = 0, Else no change. Trong nguyn l c bn ca b iu khin dng in kiu tr, tn hiu chuyn mch c nhn t kt qu so snh dng sai lch vi di bng t c nh. Mc d phng php iu khin ny n gin v bn vng, nhng k thut u khin ny cng c mt s hn ch, nguyn nhn chnh l do s thay i ca tn s iu chnh b bin i. Ni chung, b VSI ba pha ch hot ng tt khi n c iu khin bi 3 vng t tr c lp??. Hnh 3.5 m t ba vng iu khin ring bit nhng cng c nh hng qua li ln nhau ca b iu khin v dng sai lch bng 2 ln dung sai I. Khi , hm truyn vng lp iu khin dng c xc nh bi khu qun tnh bc nht. Do u ra ca thit b o dng in, thng l

bin dng c s dng mch lc RC lc thnh phn xoay chiu sau chnh lu. Ta c hm truyn:

Trong :

l h s t l, <5ms.

=RC l hng s thi gian b lc, thng ly